Wi-Fi 7 Operations

The details of the features supported by the Wi-Fi 7 APs are discussed in the following topics.

Wi-Fi 7 AP

Wi-Fi 7 APs are enterprise wireless networking devices that

  • operate across tri-band frequencies (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz)

  • support interoperability with 802.11ax/ac clients and hybrid deployments, and

  • offer multiple radio and antenna modes for regulatory and deployment flexibility.

Cisco Wi-Fi 7 AP models

The Cisco Wireless 9176I Wi-Fi 7 AP, Cisco Wireless 9176D1 Wi-Fi 7 AP, Cisco Wireless 9178I Wi-Fi 7 AP, and Cisco Wireless 9172I Wi-Fi 7 AP, are an enterprise-class tri-band APs that operate across 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequencies. You can use the AP hardware with Cisco Catalyst Center, Cisco Catalyst stack, and Meraki cloud-based stack.

Operating modes and configuration

From the Cisco IOS-XE 17.15 release, split-PHY mode is supported in Cisco Wireless 9172I Series Wi-Fi 7 APs (CW9172I) radio. The radio on Cisco Wireless 9172I AP operates in the following modes:

  • 5 GHz 4x4 (single-PHY)

  • 5 GHz 2x2 + 6-GHz 2x2 (split-PHY)

The default mode is 5 GHz 2x2 or 6 GHz 2x2. If the AP operates in a regulatory domain where 6 GHz is not supported, it will operate in the 5 GHz 4x4 mode.


Note


If the AP radio power is off, then 802.11be capability of the radio is switched off. For the AP to be 802.11e capable, all radios have to be switched on.


Preamble puncturing

A preamble puncturing is a wireless transmission technique that
  • allows Extremely High Throughput (EHT) stations to transmit and receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) by omitting signals in unused 20-MHz subchannels even with bandwidth interference like rogue APs, and

  • enables efficient spectrum use and adaptability in environments with bandwidth interference or rogue APs.

This technique is standardized for EHT PPDUs with a minimum resolution of 20-MHz. With 320-MHz bandwidth PPDUs, the resolution can go up to 120 MHz. Puncturing is not applied to the primary 20-MHz channel.

Preamble puncturing enables selective signal omission within a PPDU's bandwidth. This allows for no signal in specific 20-MHz subchannels. For EHT PPDUs, the resolution is set at 20 MHz. For 320-MHz PPDUs, the resolution is 40 MHz. The 802.11be standard specifies preamble puncturing for bandwidths of 80 MHz and above. You can configure 20 MHz puncturing for 80 MHz bandwidth, 20 MHz or 40 MHz for 160 MHz, and 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 120 MHz for 320 MHz bandwidth.

Use cases

The 802.11be standard mandates preamble puncturing for bandwidths of 80 MHz or greater. It specifically describes puncturing scenarios for 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and 320 MHz bandwidths. Key applications include:

  • Maximizing 5 GHz Channel Re-Use: RRM punctures secondary channels upon radar detection to maintain connectivity or switches channels to avoid OBSS interference. Note that static puncturing has not been tested for interoperability in the 5 GHz band. Static puncturing is not supported upon radar detection in the 5 GHz band or for standard power with AFC in the 6 GHz band.

  • Providing More 240 MHz Channel Options at 6 GHz: Preamble puncturing increases the availability of 240-MHz channels, offering more flexibility for network deployments.

Overall, preamble puncturing is a tactical method for optimizing spectrum use. It increases network adaptability to interference and enhances bandwidth efficiency for a more reliable wireless network.

Preamble puncturing in the controller

You can configure preamble puncturing in the RF profile settings. This configuration is available only for the 5-GHz and 6-GHz band profiles. By default, preamble puncturing is disabled within the RF profile settings. These configurations are not transmitted to APs through CAPWAP payloads. Instead, they appear when you run the detailed show command for the RF profile.

It is important to note that these configurations are not transmitted to APs through CAPWAP payloads. Instead, the configuration details are visible when executing the detailed show command for the RF profile.

Configure preamble puncturing (GUI)

Enable preamble puncturing on an RF profile to optimize wireless signal transmission.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > RF/Radio.

The RF window is displayed with a list of profiles.

Step 2

Click Add.

The Add RF Profile window is displayed.

Step 3

Click the 802.11be tab.

Step 4

Toggle the button to enable Preamble Puncturing.

Step 5

Click Apply to Device.


Configure preamble puncturing (CLI)

You can configure preamble puncturing only in the 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands. By default, preamble puncturing is disabled in the RF profile.

Procedure


Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Configure an RF profile and enter the RF profile configuration mode.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rf-profile rf-preamble-name

Step 3

Configure preamble puncturing.

Example:

Device(config-rf-profile)# preamble puncturing

Configure 802.11be network parameters (CLI)

Set up 802.11be (Wi-Fi 7) network parameters on your device using commands.

Procedure


Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Disable the 802.11b/g network, if you use 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz or 6 GHz.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} shutdown

Step 3

Configure the 802.11be network.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} dot11be

Step 4

Enable the 802.11b/g network, if you use 2.4 GHz, 5GHz or 6GHz.

Example:

Device(config)# no ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} shutdown

Configure 802.11be network parameters (GUI)

Set up high throughput features for your wireless network by enabling and configuring 802.11be (Wi-Fi 7) options across supported frequency bands.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > High Throughput.

Step 2

Click the 6 GHz Band, 5 GHz Band or 2.4 GHz Band tab.

  1. Check the check box to enable 802.11be.

  2. In the A-MPDU Tx section, check the check boxes to set the desired priority levels.

  3. In the A-MSDU Tx section, check the check boxes to set the desired priority levels.

Step 3

Click on the 5 GHz Band tab and in the A-MPTDU Tx section, and complete these:

  1. Enter the value in the field to set the Window Size.

  2. Toggle the button to enable the Aggregation Scheduler.

  3. Select either Automatic, Enabled, or Disabled in the Frame Burst drop-down list.

  4. Enter the value in the Realtime Traffic Timeout field. The default value is 10.

Step 4

Click the 2.4 GHz Band tab.

Step 5

In the A-MPTDU Tx section, complete these:

  1. Enter the value in the field to set the Window Size.

  2. Toggle the button to enable the Aggregation Scheduler.

  3. Enter the value in the Realtime Traffic Timeout field. The default value is 10.

Step 6

Click Apply.


Configure A-MPDU window size in RF radio profile (GUI)

Change the A-MPDU window size to optimize wireless performance for an RF radio profile.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > RF/Radio.

The RF window is displayed with list of profiles.

Step 2

Click Add.

The Add RF Radio Profile window is displayed.

Step 3

Enter an RF profile name in the General tab.

Step 4

Click the Advanced tab.

Step 5

In the A-MPDU Window Size field enter the value.

The valid range is between one to 255. The default value is 255.

Step 6

Click Apply to Device.


Configure A-MPDU window size in RF radio profile (CLI)

Set the compressed block acknowledgment (block-ack) window size for 802.11 transmit aggregated MAC protocol data units (A-MPDU) in a specific RF profile.

Procedure


Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Configure an RF profile for 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or the 6 GHz band.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} rf-profile block-ack-rf-profile

Step 3

Configure 802.11 transmit A-MPDU window size.

Example:

Device(config-rf-profile)# dot11 a-mpdu tx block-ack window-size 255

Enable or disable client serving on AP (GUI)

Use this task to enable or disable client serving on an AP from the GUI.

Before you begin

Change the AP mode to Client Serving.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Wireless > Access Points.

Step 2

Click the AP name from the 6 GHz, 5 GHz, or 2.4 GHz list on the Access Points page.

Step 3

Select the Assignment Method as Client Serving in the Role Assignment section.

Note

 

You can edit this section only if the Assignment Method is set to Custom.

Step 4

Configure these in the RF Channel Assignment section:

  • Select the Channel Width from the RF Channel Width drop-down list.

  • Select the type of assignment from the Assignment Method drop-down list.

Note

 

If you choose Custom, you must select a channel width and specify an RF channel number to the AP radio. A 320 MHz channel width is supported from the Cisco IOS XE 17.15.1 onwards.

Step 5

Click Update & Apply to Device.


Configure 802.11be MCS rates (CLI)

Configure the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) transmission rates for 802.11be (Wi-Fi 7) APs using commands.

Procedure


Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Configure the 802.11be parameters.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} dot11be

Step 3

Enable the 802.11be 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz band modulation and coding scheme (MCS) transmission rates.

Example:

Device(config)# ap dot11 {24ghz | 5ghz | 6ghz} dot11be mcs tx index {11 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 9} spatial-stream spatial-stream-value

Configure 802.11be radio parameter frequencies (GUI)

Set data rates and enable 802.11be features on supported frequency bands.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Radio Configurations > High Throughput.

Step 2

Choose the 6 GHz Band or 5 GHz Band or 2.4 GHz Band tab.

  1. Expand the 11be section.

  2. Check the Enable 11be check box, if required.

  3. Check either the Select All check box to configure all the data rates or select the desired options from the available data rates list.

Step 3

Click Apply.


Configure multi BSSID 802.11be parameters (GUI)

Configure advanced 802.11be parameters within a multi BSSID profile to manage Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) and MU-MIMO settings.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > Multi BSSID.

Step 2

Click Add.

The Add Multi BSSID Profile window is displayed.

Step 3

Enable or disable the following parameters in the 802.11be section:

  • OFDMA Downlink

  • OFDMA Uplink

  • MU-MIMO Downlink

  • MU-MIMO Uplink

  • OFDMA Multi-RU

Note

 

OFDMA Downlink and OFDMA Uplink are enabled by default.

Step 4

Click Apply to Device.


Configure multi BSSID 802.11be parameters (CLI)


Note


Multi-BSSID profile configuration overwrites the 802.11be profile configuration for 6-GHz band.


Procedure


Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Configure the multi BSSID profile and enter the multi BSSID profile configuration.

Example:

Device# wireless profile multi-bssid default-multi-bssid-profile

Step 3

Configure the 802.11be parameters.

Example:

Device# dot11be {downlink-mumimo | downlink-ofdma | ofdma-multi-ru | uplink-mumimo | uplink-ofdma}

Configure 802.11be parameters (GUI)

Modify 802.11be profile parameters to optimize wireless performance for specific user profiles.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > 802.11be.

The different user profiles are listed.

Step 2

Click the required profile.

The Edit 802.11be Profile window is displayed.

Step 3

Click to Enable or Disable the OFDMA Downlink, OFDMA Uplink, MU-MIMO Downlink, MU-MIMO Uplink, and OFDMA Multi-RU in the Edit 802.11be Profile window.

Step 4

Click Update and Apply to Device.


Monitor 5 GHz radio WLAN slot data (GUI)

View and confirm the WLAN ID, BSSID MAC, and MLD MAC information for APs operating on the 5 GHz radio.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Monitoring > Wireless > Radio Statistics.

Step 2

Click the 5 GHz Radios tab, then select the required AP.

Step 3

Verify the WLAN ID, BSSID MAC, and MLD MAC in the WLAN Slot Data section.

The 5 GHz Band window is displayed.

Step 4

Click OK.


Monitor 802.11be radio parameters (GUI)

View and verify preamble puncturing parameters for 802.11be radios in the wireless monitoring dashboard.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Monitoring > Wireless > Radio Statistics.

Step 2

Click the 6 GHz Radios tab and select the required AP.

Step 3

Verify these to monitor preamble puncturing in the 11be Parameters section:

  1. Puncture Reason

  2. Punctured Channels

Step 4

Click OK.


Verify 802.11be parameters

Verify 802.11be profile details

To display the 802.11be profile details, run the command:

Device# show dot11be profile detailed
Dot11be profile name : sample_11be_profile
-------------------------------------------------------------
Description : sample_11be_profile
802.11be parameters
OFDMA Downlink : Enabled
OFDMA Uplink : Enabled
OFDMA Multi-RU : Enabled
MU-MIMO Downlink : Enabled
MU-MIMO Uplink : Enabled

Verify 802.11 profile summary

To display the 802.11be profile summary, run the command:

Device# show dot11be profile summary
Number of dot11be profiles: 1
Dot11be profile name              Description                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
default-dot11be-profile           Default 802.11be profile

Verify 320 MHz details (GUI)


Note


  • 320 MHz is supported only on the 6-GHz band.

  • By default, the Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) maximum bandwidth is 160 MHz. Users need to enable 320 MHz in the 6-GHz RF Profile to utilize it.


Confirm that 320 MHz operation is enabled and functioning on the 6 GHz band by reviewing channel request and response data in the GUI.

Procedure


Step 1

Choose Monitoring > Wireless > AP Statistics.

Step 2

Select General.

A list of APs under the General tab is displayed.

Step 3

Select the required profile from the list.

A General window is displayed.

Step 4

Select AFC and then choose Request.

Step 5

Verify the 320 MHz Channel Request Data from the Channel Request Data table.

Step 6

Select AFC and then choose Response.

Step 7

Verify the 320 MHz Channel Response Data from the Channel Response Data table.


Verify multi BSSID details

Verify multiple link device (MLD) MAC details

To display the 802.11be profile details, run the command:

Device# show ap name cisco-ap wlan dot11 5ghz
-------------------------------------------------------------
Slot id : 1
WLAN ID BSSID MLD
---------------------------------------------------
9 0aef.2500.010f 0aef.2501.0001
2 0aef.2500.010e 0aef.2501.0002
3 0aef.2500.010d 0aef.2501.0003
4 0aef.2500.010c 0aef.2501.0004
12 0aef.2500.010b 0aef.2501.0005
14 0aef.2500.010a 0aef.2501.0006
16 0aef.2500.0109 NA

Verify multi BSSID set ID and Tx VAP indicator details for 6 GHz radio

To display the 802.11be profile details, run the command:

Device# show ap name WSIM-AP-0001 wlan dot11 6ghz
-------------------------------------------------------------
Slot id : 3
WLAN ID BSSID MLD MBSSID Set ID
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 0aef.2500.0108 0aef.2501.0001 1*
2 0aef.2500.0109 0aef.2501.0002 1
3 0aef.2500.010a 0aef.2501.0003 1
4 0aef.2500.010b 0aef.2501.0004 1
12 0aef.2500.010c 0aef.2501.0005 NA (11be WLAN not 6GHz compliant)
14 0aef.2500.010d 0aef.2501.0006 2*
16 0aef.2500.010e NA 3* (11ax 6GHz WLAN)
18 0aef.2500.010f NA NA (11ax non-6GHz WLAN)