VLAN Groups

VLAN groups

A VLAN group is a wireless network configuration feature that

  • enables assignment of multiple VLANs to a single policy profile

  • dynamically allocates a wireless client to a VLAN within the group based on the client’s MAC address, and

  • manages VLAN availability and integrity by marking VLANs as Dirty when the clients are unable to receive IP addresses using DHCP.

Whenever a client connects to a wireless network (WLAN), the client is placed in a VLAN associated with the policy profile mapped to the WLAN. In a large venues, such as an auditorium, stadiums, or conference rooms with numerous wireless clients, managing connections using only a single WLAN can be challenging.

The clients can be assigned to one of the configured VLANs. This feature maps a policy profile to a single VLAN or to multiple VLANs using VLAN groups. A VLAN is assigned to the client, and the client receives the IP address from the assigned VLAN.

The system might not clear the Dirty flag from the VLAN, even after 30 minutes, for a VLAN group. After 30 minutes, when the VLAN is marked as non-dirty, new clients in the IP Learn state can be assigned IP addresses from the VLAN if available IPs exist in the pool and the DHCP scope is configured correctly. This is expected because the timestamp of each interface must be checked to confirm it exceeds 30 minutes, which results in a 5-minute lag before the global timer expires.


Note

The Controller marks the VLAN interface as Dirty when three or more clients fail to receive IP addresses through DHCP. The VLAN interface is deemed Dirty using a method that counts one failure per association per client when the predefined duration of 120 seconds is surpassed. If a client sends a new association request before IP_LEARN_TIMEOUT elapses, it will not be considered a failed client.

Each client receives a unique hash value derived from its MAC address. This approach ensures that clients from the same vendor, which may differ only by a few bits, do not cause incorrect Dirty VLAN markings.

Prerequisites for VLAN groups

Review the required condition for VLAN group.

  • A VLAN should be present in the device for it to be added to the VLAN group.

  • IP MAC binding should be configured on a policy profile that uses a VLAN group.

Restrictions for VLAN groups

Follow these restrictions when configuring VLAN groups:

  • If the number of VLANs in a VLAN group exceeds 32, the mobility functionality might not work as expected and Layer 2 multicast might break for some VLANs. Therefore, it is the responsibility of network administrators to configure a feasible number of VLANs in a VLAN group.

  • The VLAN Groups feature works for APs in local mode.

  • The VLAN Groups feature operates only in central switching mode; it cannot be used in FlexConnect local switching mode.

  • The ARP Broadcast feature is not supported on VLAN groups.

  • Multicast with VLAN group is only supported for access points in local mode. A multicast VLAN is required when a VLAN group is configured and multicast traffic is used.

  • When configuring VLAN groups with multiple VLANs, and each VLAN is used by a different subnet, clients with static IP addresses might be assigned to an incorrect VLAN if SVIs are not present on the controller. For every VLAN in the VLAN group, configure an SVI interface with a valid IP address.

Create a VLAN Group (GUI)

Create a VLAN group to assign multiple VLAN IDs efficiently in the network using the GUI.

Procedure

Step 1

Choose Configuration > Layer2 > VLAN Group.

Step 2

Click Add.

Step 3

Set the VLAN GROUP name and the list of VLANS.

This can be a range, or comma separated values.

Step 4

Enter the VLAN name in the Name field.

Configure the other parameters if required.

Step 5

Click Update & Apply to Device.

Create a VLAN Group (CLI)

Create a VLAN group for network segmentation and traffic management using commands.

Procedure

Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Create a VLAN group with the given group name and add all the VLANs listed in the command.

Example:

Device(config)# vlan group vlangrp1 vlan-list 91-95.

The VLAN list ranges from 1 to 4096 and the maximum number of VLANs supported in a group is 64.

Step 3

Exit the global configuration mode and return to the privileged EXEC mode.

Example:

Device(config)# end

Alternatively, press CTRL-Z to exit the global configuration mode.

Add a VLAN group to policy profile (GUI)

Assign a VLAN group to an existing policy profile, enabling client traffic association with the specified VLANs using commands.

The policy profile consists mainly of network and switching policies. The policy profile is a reusable entity that can be applied to multiple tags. When you apply a client policy to the AP or controller, the policy profile includes it. Examples are VLAN, ACL, QoS, session timeout, idle timeout, AVC profile, Bonjour profile, local profiling, device classification, and BSSID QoS. However, all security attributes and features related to wireless on the WLAN are grouped under the WLAN profile.

Procedure

Step 1

Choose Configuration > Tags & Profiles > Policy.

Step 2

On the Policy Profile page, click on a policy profile name.

Step 3

Click on the Access Policies tab.

Step 4

Under VLAN section, select a a VLAN or VLAN Group from the VLAN/VLAN Group drop-down list.

Step 5

Click Update & Apply to Device.

Add a VLAN group to a policy profile (CLI)

Map a specific VLAN group to a WLAN policy profile using commands.

Procedure

Step 1

Enter the global configuration mode.

Example:

Device# configure terminal

Step 2

Configure the WLAN policy profile.

Example:

Device(config)# wireless profile policy my-wlan-policy

Step 3

Map the VLAN group to the WLAN by entering the group name.

Example:

Device(config-wireless-policy)# vlan myvlan-group

Step 4

Exit the global configuration mode and return to the privileged EXEC mode.

Example:

Device(config-wlan)# end

View the VLANs in a VLAN group

These commands let you view VLAN group information and VLAN assignments:
Command Description
show vlan group Displays the list of VLAN groups with name and the VLANs that are configured.
show vlan group group-name group_name Displays the specified VLAN group details.
show wireless client mac-address client-mac-addr detail

Displays the VLAN group assigned to the client.
show wireless vlan details

Displays VLAN details.

VLAN group support for DHCP and static IP clients

A VLAN group feature is a network function that

  • assigns clients to VLANs based on DHCP or static IP information

  • restricts internet access for static IP clients whose addresses do not match the VLAN’s IP list, and

  • applies only to IPv4 clients with automatic enablement unless explicitly disabled by configuration.

  • The VLAN Group to support DHCP and Static IP clients feature manages network access for DHCP and static IP clients.

  • Ensure that the ipv4 dhcp required command is not configured on the wireless policy profile. If this command is present, the feature is disabled, and the client remains in the IP learn state. Ensure that the ip mac-binding command is configured on the wireless policy profile. This command associates VLAN information with the MAC address and IP address assigned to the client, whether assigned statically or through DHCP.

Feature history

This table provides release and related information about the feature explained in this section.

This feature is also available in all the releases subsequent to the one in which they are introduced in, unless noted otherwise.

Table 1. Feature history for VLAN group support for DHCP and static IP clients

Feature Name

Release Information

Feature Description

VLAN group support for DHCP and static IP clients

Cisco IOS XE 17.9.1

From this release VLAN group support for DHCP and static IP clients enhances network segmentation by allowing controllers to assign both DHCP and IPv4 static IP clients to VLANs using computed logic.

Prerequisites and restrictions of VLAN Group support for DHCP and static IP clients

Prerequisites of VLAN Group support for DHCP and static IP clients

  • Ensure that a switch VLAN interface (SVI) is configured with the IP address.

  • Ensure that IP MAC-binding is configured on the target Policy Profile(s).

Restrictions of VLAN Group support for DHCP and static IP clients

  • FlexConnect local switching and FlexConnect local authentication are not supported. Only local mode, FlexConnect central switching, and FlexConnect central authentication are supported.

  • IPv6 is not supported.

  • The peer controller cannot have a VLAN group in the policy profile, because a VLAN group with static IP mobility is not supported.

Supported features

This table provides details about supported features for VLAN group support for DHCP and static IP clients.

  • Configure SVI with an IP address in the same subnet as the client’s IP address.

  • Clients are excluded if there is no matching SVI.

Feature Support
Guest Anchor Yes
Mobility Yes
RLAN Yes
SVI

Yes

Ensure that you configure SVI with an IP address in the same subnet as that of the client's IP address.
IRCM support: Guest AireOS as anchor and Cisco Catalyst 9800 controller as foreign Yes
IRCM support : Guest AireOS as foreign and Cisco Catalyst 9800 controller as anchor

Yes

The client is excluded if there is no match for the SVI.