Configuring Web-Based Authentication

This chapter describes how to configure web-based authentication on the switch. It contains these sections:

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Web-Based Authentication Overview

Use the web-based authentication feature, known as web authentication proxy, to authenticate end users on host systems that do not run the IEEE 802.1x supplicant.

Note

You can configure web-based authentication on Layer 2 and Layer 3 interfaces.

When you initiate an HTTP session, web-based authentication intercepts ingress HTTP packets from the host and sends an HTML login page to the users. The users enter their credentials, which the web-based authentication feature sends to the authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server for authentication.

If authentication succeeds, web-based authentication sends a Login-Successful HTML page to the host and applies the access policies returned by the AAA server.

If authentication fails, web-based authentication forwards a Login-Fail HTML page to the user, prompting the user to retry the login. If the user exceeds the maximum number of attempts, web-based authentication forwards a Login-Expired HTML page to the host, and the user is placed on a watch list for a waiting period.

Note

HTTPS traffic interception for central web authentication redirect is not supported.

Note

You should use global parameter-map (for method-type, custom, and redirect) only for using the same web authentication methods like consent, web consent, and webauth, for all the clients and SSIDs. This ensures that all the clients have the same web-authentication method.

If the requirement is to use Consent for one SSID and Web-authentication for another SSID, then you should use two named parameter-maps. You should configure Consent in first parameter-map and configure webauth in second parameter-map.

Note

The traceback that you receive when webauth client tries to do authentication does not have any performance or behavioral impact. It happens rarely when the context for which FFM replied back to EPM for ACL application is already dequeued (possibly due to timer expiry) and the session becomes ‘unauthorized’.

Device Roles

With web-based authentication, the devices in the network have these specific roles:

Client—The device (workstation) that requests access to the LAN and the services and responds to requests from the switch. The workstation must be running an HTML browser with Java Script enabled.
Authentication server—Authenticates the client. The authentication server validates the identity of the client and notifies the switch that the client is authorized to access the LAN and the switch services or that the client is denied.
Switch—Controls the physical access to the network based on the authentication status of the client. The switch acts as an intermediary (proxy) between the client and the authentication server, requesting identity information from the client, verifying that information with the authentication server, and relaying a response to the client.

Figure 1. Web-Based Authentication Device Roles. This figure shows the roles of these devices in a network.

Host Detection

The switch maintains an IP device tracking table to store information about detected hosts.

Note

By default, the IP device tracking feature is disabled on a switch. You must enable the IP device tracking feature to use web-based authentication.

For Layer 2 interfaces, web-based authentication detects IP hosts by using these mechanisms:

ARP based trigger—ARP redirect ACL allows web-based authentication to detect hosts with a static IP address or a dynamic IP address.
Dynamic ARP inspection
DHCP snooping—Web-based authentication is notified when the switch creates a DHCP-binding entry for the host.

Session Creation

When web-based authentication detects a new host, it creates a session as follows:

Reviews the exception list.

If the host IP is included in the exception list, the policy from the exception list entry is applied, and the session is established.
Reviews for authorization bypass

If the host IP is not on the exception list, web-based authentication sends a nonresponsive-host (NRH) request to the server.

If the server response is access accepted, authorization is bypassed for this host. The session is established.
Sets up the HTTP intercept ACL

If the server response to the NRH request is access rejected, the HTTP intercept ACL is activated, and the session waits for HTTP traffic from the host.

Authentication Process

When you enable web-based authentication, these events occur:

The user initiates an HTTP session.
The HTTP traffic is intercepted, and authorization is initiated. The switch sends the login page to the user. The user enters a username and password, and the switch sends the entries to the authentication server.
If the authentication succeeds, the switch downloads and activates the user’s access policy from the authentication server. The login success page is sent to the user.
If the authentication fails, the switch sends the login fail page. The user retries the login. If the maximum number of attempts fails, the switch sends the login expired page, and the host is placed in a watch list. After the watch list times out, the user can retry the authentication process.
If the authentication server does not respond to the switch, and if an AAA fail policy is configured, the switch applies the failure access policy to the host. The login success page is sent to the user.
The switch reauthenticates a client when the host does not respond to an ARP probe on a Layer 2 interface, or when the host does not send any traffic within the idle timeout on a Layer 3 interface.

The feature applies the downloaded timeout or the locally configured session timeout.

Note

Beginning with Cisco IOS XE Denali 16.1.1 and later, the default session timeout value for web-based authentication on WLC is 1800 seconds. The default session timeout value was infinite seconds, prior to Cisco IOS XE Denali 16.1.1.

If the terminate action is RADIUS, the feature sends a nonresponsive host (NRH) request to the server. The terminate action is included in the response from the server.
If the terminate action is default, the session is dismantled, and the applied policy is removed.

Local Web Authentication Banner

With Web Authentication, you can create a default and customized web-browser banners that appears when you log in to a switch.

The banner appears on both the login page and the authentication-result pop-up pages. The default banner messages are as follows:

Authentication Successful
Authentication Failed
Authentication Expired

The Local Web Authentication Banner can be configured in legacy and new-style (Session-aware) CLIs as follows:

Legacy mode—Use the ip admission auth-proxy-banner http global configuration command.
New-style mode—Use the parameter-map type webauth global bannerglobal configuration command.

The default banner Cisco Systems and Switch host-name Authentication appear on the Login Page. Cisco Systems appears on the authentication result pop-up page.

Figure 2. Authentication Successful Banner

The banner can be customized as follows:

Add a message, such as switch, router, or company name to the banner:
- Legacy mode—Use the ip admission auth-proxy-banner http banner-text global configuration command.
- New-style mode—Use the parameter-map type webauth global bannerglobal configuration command
Add a logo or text file to the banner :
- Legacy mode—Use the ip admission auth-proxy-banner http file-path global configuration command.
- New-style mode—Use the parameter-map type webauth global banner global configuration command
Figure 3. Customized Web Banner

If you do not enable a banner, only the username and password dialog boxes appear in the web authentication login screen, and no banner appears when you log into the switch.

For more information, see the Session Aware Networking Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3SE (Catalyst 3850 Switches) Session Aware Networking Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3SE (Catalyst 3850 Switches) and the Web Authentication Enhancements - Customizing Authentication Proxy Web Pages.

Web Authentication Customizable Web Pages

During the web-based authentication process, the switch internal HTTP server hosts four HTML pages to deliver to an authenticating client. The server uses these pages to notify you of these four-authentication process states:

Login—Your credentials are requested.
Success—The login was successful.
Fail—The login failed.
Expire—The login session has expired because of excessive login failures.

Guidelines

You can substitute your own HTML pages for the default internal HTML pages.
You can use a logo or specify text in the login, success, failure, and expire web pages.
On the banner page, you can specify text in the login page.
The pages are in HTML.
You must include an HTML redirect command in the success page to access a specific URL.
The URL string must be a valid URL (for example, http://www.cisco.com). An incomplete URL might cause page not found or similar errors on a web browser.
If you configure web pages for HTTP authentication, they must include the appropriate HTML commands (for example, to set the page time out, to set a hidden password, or to confirm that the same page is not submitted twice).
The CLI command to redirect users to a specific URL is not available when the configured login form is enabled. The administrator should ensure that the redirection is configured in the web page.
If the CLI command redirecting users to specific URL after authentication occurs is entered and then the command configuring web pages is entered, the CLI command redirecting users to a specific URL does not take effect.
Configured web pages can be copied to the switch boot flash or flash.
On stackable switches, configured pages can be accessed from the flash on the stack master or members.
The login page can be on one flash, and the success and failure pages can be another flash (for example, the flash on the stack master or a member).
You must configure all four pages.
The banner page has no effect if it is configured with the web page.
All of the logo files (image, flash, audio, video, and so on) that are stored in the system directory (for example, flash, disk0, or disk) and that must be displayed on the login page must use web_auth_<filename> as the file name.
The configured authentication proxy feature supports both HTTP and SSL.

You can substitute your HTML pages for the default internal HTML pages. You can also specify a URL to which users are redirected after authentication occurs, which replaces the internal Success page.

Figure 5. Customizable Authentication Page

Authentication Proxy Web Page Guidelines

When configuring customized authentication proxy web pages, follow these guidelines:

To enable the custom web pages feature, specify all four custom HTML files. If you specify fewer than four files, the internal default HTML pages are used.
The four custom HTML files must be present on the flash memory of the switch. The maximum size of each HTML file is 8 KB.
Any images on the custom pages must be on an accessible HTTP server. Configure an intercept ACL within the admission rule.
Any external link from a custom page requires configuration of an intercept ACL within the admission rule.
To access a valid DNS server, any name resolution required for external links or images requires configuration of an intercept ACL within the admission rule.
If the custom web pages feature is enabled, a configured auth-proxy-banner is not used.
If the custom web pages feature is enabled, the redirection URL for successful login feature is not available.
To remove the specification of a custom file, use the no form of the command.

Because the custom login page is a public web form, consider these guidelines for the page:

The login form must accept user entries for the username and password and must show them as uname and pwd.
The custom login page should follow best practices for a web form, such as page timeout, hidden password, and prevention of redundant submissions.

Redirection URL for Successful Login Guidelines

When configuring a redirection URL for successful login, consider these guidelines:

If the custom authentication proxy web pages feature is enabled, the redirection URL feature is disabled and is not available in the CLI. You can perform redirection in the custom-login success page.
If the redirection URL feature is enabled, a configured auth-proxy-banner is not used.
To remove the specification of a redirection URL, use the no form of the command.
If the redirection URL is required after the web-based authentication client is successfully authenticated, then the URL string must start with a valid URL (for example, http://) followed by the URL information. If only the URL is given without http://, then the redirection URL on successful authentication might cause page not found or similar errors on a web browser.

Custom Web Authentication Guidelines

You cannot specify a directory path of a file when downloading a tar bundle from the controller GUI. The tar file is stored in the default flash path.
You can provide any image name for web authentication and the image name need not be webauth.

Web-based Authentication Interactions with Other Features

Port Security

You can configure web-based authentication and port security on the same port. Web-based authentication authenticates the port, and port security manages network access for all MAC addresses, including that of the client. You can then limit the number or group of clients that can access the network through the port.

LAN Port IP

You can configure LAN port IP (LPIP) and Layer 2 web-based authentication on the same port. The host is authenticated by using web-based authentication first, followed by LPIP posture validation. The LPIP host policy overrides the web-based authentication host policy.

If the web-based authentication idle timer expires, the NAC policy is removed. The host is authenticated, and posture is validated again.

Gateway IP

You cannot configure Gateway IP (GWIP) on a Layer 3 VLAN interface if web-based authentication is configured on any of the switch ports in the VLAN.

You can configure web-based authentication on the same Layer 3 interface as Gateway IP. The host policies for both features are applied in software. The GWIP policy overrides the web-based authentication host policy.

ACLs

If you configure a VLAN ACL or a Cisco IOS ACL on an interface, the ACL is applied to the host traffic only after the web-based authentication host policy is applied.

For Layer 2 web-based authentication, it is more secure, though not required, to configure a port ACL (PACL) as the default access policy for ingress traffic from hosts connected to the port. After authentication, the web-based authentication host policy overrides the PACL. The Policy ACL is applied to the session even if there is no ACL configured on the port.

You cannot configure a MAC ACL and web-based authentication on the same interface.

You cannot configure web-based authentication on a port whose access VLAN is configured for VACL capture.

Context-Based Access Control

Web-based authentication cannot be configured on a Layer 2 port if context-based access control (CBAC) is configured on the Layer 3 VLAN interface of the port VLAN.

EtherChannel

You can configure web-based authentication on a Layer 2 EtherChannel interface. The web-based authentication configuration applies to all member channels.

How to Configure Web-Based Authentication

Default Web-Based Authentication Configuration

The following table shows the default web-based authentication configuration.

Table 1. Default Web-based Authentication Configuration
Feature	Default Setting
AAA	Disabled
RADIUS server IP address UDP authentication port Key	None specified 1645 None specified
Default value of inactivity timeout	3600 seconds
Inactivity timeout	Enabled

Web-Based Authentication Configuration Guidelines and Restrictions

Web-based authentication is an ingress-only feature.
You can configure web-based authentication only on access ports. Web-based authentication is not supported on trunk ports, EtherChannel member ports, or dynamic trunk ports.
You cannot authenticate hosts on Layer 2 interfaces with static ARP cache assignment. These hosts are not detected by the web-based authentication feature because they do not send ARP messages.
By default, the IP device tracking feature is disabled on a switch. You must enable the IP device tracking feature to use web-based authentication.
You must configure at least one IP address to run the switch HTTP server. You must also configure routes to reach each host IP address. The HTTP server sends the HTTP login page to the host.
Hosts that are more than one hop away might experience traffic disruption if an STP topology change results in the host traffic arriving on a different port. This occurs because the ARP and DHCP updates might not be sent after a Layer 2 (STP) topology change.
Web-based authentication does not support VLAN assignment as a downloadable-host policy.
Web-based authentication supports IPv6 in Session-aware policy mode. IPv6 Web-authentication requires at least one IPv6 address configured on the switch and IPv6 Snooping configured on the switchport.
Web-based authentication and Network Edge Access Topology (NEAT) are mutually exclusive. You cannot use web-based authentication when NEAT is enabled on an interface, and you cannot use NEAT when web-based authentication is running on an interface.
Web-based authentication NRH (Non-Responsive Host) is not supported for voice devices.
Only the Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) is supported for web-based RADIUS authentication on controllers. The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is not supported for web-based RADIUS authentication on controllers.
Identify the following RADIUS security server settings that will be used while configuring switch-to-RADIUS-server communication:
- Host name
- Host IP address
- Host name and specific UDP port numbers
- IP address and specific UDP port numbers
The combination of the IP address and UDP port number creates a unique identifier, that enables RADIUS requests to be sent to multiple UDP ports on a server at the same IP address. If two different host entries on the same RADIUS server are configured for the same service (for example, authentication) the second host entry that is configured functions as the failover backup to the first one. The RADIUS host entries are chosen in the order that they were configured.

When you configure the RADIUS server parameters:

Specify the key string on a separate command line.
For key string , specify the authentication and encryption key used between the switch and the RADIUS daemon running on the RADIUS server. The key is a text string that must match the encryption key used on the RADIUS server.
When you specify the key string , use spaces within and at the end of the key. If you use spaces in the key, do not enclose the key in quotation marks unless the quotation marks are part of the key. This key must match the encryption used on the RADIUS daemon.

You can globally configure the timeout, retransmission, and encryption key values for all RADIUS servers by using with the radius-server host global configuration command. If you want to configure these options on a per-server basis, use the radius-server timeout , radius-server transmit, and the radius-server key global configuration commands. For more information, see the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 and the Cisco IOS Security Command Reference, Release 12.4.

Note

You need to configure some settings on the RADIUS server, including: the switch IP address, the key string to be shared by both the server and the switch, and the downloadable ACL (DACL). For more information, see the RADIUS server documentation.

Web-Based Authentication Configuration Task List

Configuring the Authentication Rule and Interfaces

Examples in this section are legacy-style configurations. For new-style configurations, see the Session Aware Networking Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3SE (Catalyst 3850 Switches)

Follow these steps to configure the authentication rule and interfaces:

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip admission name `name` proxy http Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission name webauth1 proxy http`	Configures an authentication rule for web-based authorization.
Step 4	interface `type` `slot/port` Example: `Switch(config)# interface gigabitEthernet1/0/1`	Enters interface configuration mode and specifies the ingress Layer 2 or Layer 3 interface to be enabled for web-based authentication. type can be fastethernet, gigabit ethernet, or tengigabitethernet.
Step 5	ip access-group `name` Example: `Switch(config-if)# ip access-group webauthag`	Applies the default ACL.
Step 6	ip admission `name` Example: `Switch(config-if)# ip admission webauth1`	Configures web-based authentication on the specified interface.
Step 7	exit Example: `Switch(config-if)# exit`	Returns to configuration mode.
Step 8	ip device tracking Example: `Switch(config)# ip device tracking`	Enables the IP device tracking table.
Step 9	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 10	show ip admission status Example: `Switch# show ip admission status`	Displays the configuration.
Step 11	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Configuring AAA Authentication

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	aaa new-model Example: `Switch(config)# aaa new-model`	Enables AAA functionality.
Step 4	aaa authentication login default group {tacacs+ \| radius} Example: `Switch(config)# aaa authentication login default group tacacs+`	Defines the list of authentication methods at login. named_authentication_list refers to any name that is not greater than 31 characters. AAA_group_name refers to the server group name. You need to define the server-group server_name at the beginning itself.
Step 5	aaa authorization auth-proxy default group {tacacs+ \| radius} Example: `Switch(config)# aaa authorization auth-proxy default group tacacs+`	Creates an authorization method list for web-based authorization.
Step 6	tacacs server `server-name` Example: `Switch(config)# tacacs server yourserver`	Specifies an AAA server.
Step 7	address {ipv4 \| ipv6} `ip address` Example: `Switch(config-server-tacacs)# address ipv4 10.0.1.12`	Configures the IP address for the TACACS server.
Step 8	key `string` Example: `Switch(config-server-tacacs)# key cisco123`	Configures the authorization and encryption key used between the switch and the TACACS server.
Step 9	exit Example: `Switch(config-server-tacacs)# exit`	Exits the TACACS server mode and enters the global configuration mode.
Step 10	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 11	show running-config Example: `Switch# show running-config`	Verifies your entries.
Step 12	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Configuring Switch-to-RADIUS-Server Communication

Follow these steps to configure the RADIUS server parameters:

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip radius source-interface vlan `vlan interface number` Example: `Switch(config)# ip radius source-interface vlan 80`	Specifies that the RADIUS packets have the IP address of the indicated interface.
Step 4	radius server `server name` Example: `Switch(config)# radius server rsim address ipv4 124.2.2.12`	(Optional) Specifies the IP address of the RADIUS server.
Step 5	address {ipv4 \| ipv6} `ip address` Example: `Switch(config-radius-server)# address ipv4 10.0.1.2 auth-port 1550 acct-port 1560`	Configures the IP address for the RADIUS server.
Step 6	key `string` Example: `Switch(config-radius-server)# key rad123`	(Optional) Specifies the authentication and encryption key used between the switch and the RADIUS daemon running on the RADIUS server.
Step 7	exit Example: `Switch(config-radius-server)# exit`	Exits the RADIUS server mode and enters the global configuration mode.
Step 8	radius-server dead-criteria tries `num-tries` Example: `Switch(config)# radius-server dead-criteria tries 30`	Specifies the number of unanswered sent messages to a RADIUS server before considering the server to be inactive. The range of `num-tries` is 1 to 100.
Step 9	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Configuring the HTTP Server

To use web-based authentication, you must enable the HTTP server within the Switch. You can enable the server for either HTTP or HTTPS.

Note

The Apple psuedo-browser will not open if you configure only the ip http secure-server command. You should also configure the ip http server command.

Follow these steps to enable the server for either HTTP or HTTPS:

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:


Switch> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal

Example:


Switch# configure terminal

Enters the global configuration mode.

Step 3

ip http server

Example:


Switch(config)# ip http server

Enables the HTTP server. The web-based authentication feature uses the HTTP server to communicate with the hosts for user authentication.

Step 4

ip http secure-server

Example:


Switch(config)# ip http secure-server

Enables HTTPS.

You can configure custom authentication proxy web pages or specify a redirection URL for successful login.

Note

To ensure secure authentication when you enter the ip http secure-server command, the login page is always in HTTPS (secure HTTP) even if the user sends an HTTP request.

Step 5

end

Example:


Switch(config)# end

Returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Customizing the Authentication Proxy Web Pages

You can configure web authentication to display four substitute HTML pages to the user in place of the Switch default HTML pages during web-based authentication.

For the equivalent Session Aware Networking configuration example for this feature, see the section "Configuring a Parameter Map for Web-Based Authentication" in the chapter, "Configuring Identity Control Policies." of the book, "Session Aware Networking Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3SE (Catalyst 3850 Switches)."

Follow these steps to specify the use of your custom authentication proxy web pages:

Before you begin

Store your custom HTML files on the Switch flash memory.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip admission proxy http login page file `device:login-filename` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission proxy http login page file disk1:login.htm`	Specifies the location in the Switch memory file system of the custom HTML file to use in place of the default login page. The `device:` is flash memory.
Step 4	ip admission proxy http success page file `device:success-filename` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission proxy http success page file disk1:success.htm`	Specifies the location of the custom HTML file to use in place of the default login success page.
Step 5	ip admission proxy http failure page file `device:fail-filename` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission proxy http fail page file disk1:fail.htm`	Specifies the location of the custom HTML file to use in place of the default login failure page.
Step 6	ip admission proxy http login expired page file `device:expired-filename` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission proxy http login expired page file disk1:expired.htm`	Specifies the location of the custom HTML file to use in place of the default login expired page.
Step 7	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Specifying a Redirection URL for Successful Login

Follow these steps to specify a URL to which the user is redirected after authentication, effectively replacing the internal Success HTML page:

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip admission proxy http success redirect `url-string` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission proxy http success redirect www.example.com`	Specifies a URL for redirection of the user in place of the default login success page.
Step 4	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Configuring the Web-Based Authentication Parameters

Follow these steps to configure the maximum number of failed login attempts before the client is placed in a watch list for a waiting period:

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip admission max-login-attempts `number` Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission max-login-attempts 10`	Sets the maximum number of failed login attempts. The range is 1 to 2147483647 attempts. The default is 5.
Step 4	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 5	show running-config Example: `Switch# show running-config`	Verifies your entries.
Step 6	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Configuring a Web-Based Authentication Local Banner

Follow these steps to configure a local banner on a switch that has web authentication configured.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	ip admission auth-proxy-banner http [`banner-text` \| `file-path`] Example: `Switch(config)# ip admission auth-proxy-banner http C My Switch C`	Enables the local banner.  (Optional) Create a custom banner by entering `C banner-text C` (where C is a delimiting character), or file-path that indicates a file (for example, a logo or text file) that appears in the banner.
Step 4	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 5	show running-config Example: `Switch# show running-config`	Verifies your entries.
Step 6	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Configuring Web-Based Authentication without SVI

You configure the web-based authentication without SVI feature to redirect the HTML login page to the client without creating an IP address in the routing table. These steps are optional.

You configure the web-based authentication without SVI feature to redirect the HTML login page to the client. This is done without creating an IP address in the SVI interface which then would be applied to the WebAuth enabled interface. These steps are optional.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	parameter-map type webauth global Example: `Switch (config)# parameter-map type webauth global`	Creates a parameter map and enters parameter-map webauth configuration mode. The specific configuration commands supported for a global parameter map defined with the global keyword differ from the commands supported for a named parameter map defined with the parameter-map-name argument.
Step 4	l2-webauth-enabled Example: `Switch (config-params-parameter-map)# l2-webauth-enabled`	Enables the web-based authentication without SVI feature
Step 5	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 6	show running-config Example: `Switch# show running-config`	Verifies your entries.
Step 7	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Configuring Web-Based Authentication with VRF Aware

You configure the web-based authentication with VRF aware to redirect the HTML login page to the client. These steps are optional.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	enable Example: `Switch> enable`	Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters the global configuration mode.
Step 3	parameter-map type webauth global Example: `Switch (config)# parameter-map type webauth global`	Creates a parameter map and enters parameter-map webauth configuration mode. The specific configuration commands supported for a global parameter map defined with the global keyword differ from the commands supported for a named parameter map defined with the parameter-map-name argument.
Step 4	webauth-vrf-aware Example: `Switch (config-params-parameter-map)# webauth-vrf-aware`	Enables the web-based authentication VRF aware feature on SVI.
Step 5	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 6	show running-config Example: `Switch# show running-config`	Verifies your entries.
Step 7	copy running-config startup-config Example: `Switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Removing Web-Based Authentication Cache Entries

Follow these steps to remove web-based authentication cache entries:

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

enable

Example:


Switch> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

clear ip auth-proxy cache {* | host ip address}

Example:


Switch# clear ip auth-proxy cache 192.168.4.5

Delete authentication proxy entries. Use an asterisk to delete all cache entries. Enter a specific IP address to delete the entry for a single host.

Step 3

clear ip admission cache {* | host ip address}

Example:


Switch# clear ip admission cache 192.168.4.5

Delete authentication proxy entries. Use an asterisk to delete all cache entries. Enter a specific IP address to delete the entry for a single host.

Downloading Web Authentication Tar Bundle (CLI)

You can download a tar bundle (.tar) containing all personalized files from the FTP or TFTP server.

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	archive tar /xtract <transfer mode> ://<IP> /<location>/<login filename> < DIRECTORY> Example: Switch# archive tar /xtract tftp://9.1.0.100/user1/login.tar flash2 Switch# show flash: 59 4096 Jan 08 2014 13:19:33.0000000000 +00:00 flash 60 2574 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/aup.html 61 4082 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/login.html 62 70123 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/yourlogo.jpg 63 344 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/failed.html 64 1653 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/logout.html 64 1653 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/expired.html	Specifies to download a tar bundle (.tar) from the FTP or TFTP server.
Step 2	archive tar /xtract <transfer mode> ://<IP> /<location>/<login filename> < DIRECTORY> flash-1: Example: `Switch# archive tar /xtract tftp://10.20.10.10/asd/login.tar abc flash-1: Switch# show flash-1: 29 4096 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 30 2574 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 aup.html 31 344 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 abc/failed.html 32 4082 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 alogin.html 33 1653 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 logout.html 34 70123 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 yourlogo.jpg`	Specifies to download a tar bundle (.tar) from the FTP or TFTP server in high availability environment.

Step 1

archive tar /xtract <transfer mode> ://<IP> /<location>/<login filename> < DIRECTORY>

Example:


Switch# archive tar /xtract tftp://9.1.0.100/user1/login.tar  flash2
Switch# show flash:
59       4096 Jan 08 2014 13:19:33.0000000000 +00:00 flash
60       2574 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/aup.html
61       4082 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/login.html
62      70123 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/yourlogo.jpg
63        344 Jan 08 2014 13:19:51.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/failed.html
64       1653 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/logout.html
64       1653 Jan 08 2014 13:19:52.0000000000 +00:00 flash2/expired.html

Specifies to download a tar bundle (.tar) from the FTP or TFTP server.

Step 2

archive tar /xtract <transfer mode> ://<IP> /<location>/<login filename> < DIRECTORY> flash-1:

Example:


Switch# archive tar /xtract tftp://10.20.10.10/asd/login.tar abc flash-1:
Switch# show flash-1:
29       4096 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 
30       2574 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 aup.html
31        344 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 abc/failed.html
32       4082 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 alogin.html
33       1653 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 logout.html
34      70123 Jan 09 2014 17:08:49.0000000000 +00:00 yourlogo.jpg

Specifies to download a tar bundle (.tar) from the FTP or TFTP server in high availability environment.

Downloading Web Authentication Tar Bundle (GUI)

Procedure

Step 1	Choose Configuration > Commands > Download File to open the Download File to Controller page.
Step 2	From the File Type drop-down list, choose Webauth Bundle.
Step 3	From the Transfer Mode drop-down list, choose from the following options: TFTP FTP
Step 4	In theIP Address text box, enter the IP address of the server.
Step 5	In theFile Path text box, enter the directory path of the software.
Step 6	In theFile Name text box, enter the name of the controller software file (filename.aes).

Integrating Customized Web Authentication Pages into a Parameter Map (CLI)

You can configure the personalized pages into a parameter map. Using the parameter map, you can configure all the personalized pages in one shot. This minimizes the need of configuring all the four custom pages separately. Even if you want to configure only some pages, the others pages use the defaults.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	parameter-map type webauth `name` type `webauth` Example: `Switch(config)# parameter-map type webauth WEB type webauth`	Creates a parameter map.
Step 3	custom-page login device flash:flash2/login.html Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page login device flash:flash2/login.html`	Configures the personalized pages into a parameter map.
Step 4	custom-page success device flash: flash2/logout.html Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page success device flash: flash2/logout.html`	Configures the personalized pages into a parameter map.
Step 5	custom-page failure device flash: flash2/failed.html Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page failure device flash: flash2/failed.html`	Configures the personalized pages into a parameter map.
Step 6	custom-page login expired device flash: flash2/expired.html Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page login expired device flash: flash2/expired.html`	Configures the personalized pages into a parameter map.
Step 7	end Example: `Switch(config)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode. Alternatively, you can also press Ctrl-Z to exit global configuration mode.
Step 8	show parameter-map type webauth name `name` Example: `Switch# show parameter-map type webauth name WEB Parameter Map Name : WEB Type : webauth Custom Page: Auth-proxy login : flash: flash2/login.html Auth-proxy Init State time : 120 sec Auth-proxy Fin Wait time : 3000 milliseconds Webauth max-http connection : 30 Webauth logout-window : Enabled Consent Email : Disabled`	Configures the personalized pages into a parameter map.

Linking Image in Custom Pages

In custom pages, you can also send back images.

In releases earlier to software release 3E, the custom page had to contain the link to the image as an entire path, in the form of: <img src="http://<ip-addresss>/flash:web_auth_image.jpg" alt="name">. The IP address is the management IP address of the controller.

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

Example:

Switch# <img src="./flash:web_auth_image.jpg" alt="name”>

Specifies to link image to the custom page. The virtual IP address is automatically used as a source. The logical link implies that you define the virtual IP address in the global parameter map.

Note

You can still define the image full path (with controller IP address). In such case, the IP address is either the management IP or the virtual IP (if configured).

Step 2

Example:

Switch# show run |  sec parameter-map
parameter-map type webauth global
 virtual-ip ipv4 192.0.2.1
Sample Webauth_login HTML

Specifies to link image to the custom page. The virtual IP address is automatically used as a source. The logical link implies that you define the virtual IP address in the global parameter map.

Note

You can still define the image full path (with controller IP address). In such case, the IP address is either the management IP or the virtual IP (if configured).

Sample Web Authentication Login HTML

You can use the sample web authentication login page (webauth_login). If you want to modify or customize the sample page, you need to involve a developer who knows HTML, which is not covered by the Cisco Technical Assistance Center.


<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>Authentication Proxy Login Page</TITLE>
<script type="text/javascript">
var pxypromptwindow1;
var pxysubmitted = false;
function submitreload() {
    if (pxysubmitted == false) {
        pxypromptwindow1=window.open('', 'pxywindow1', 'resizable=no,width=350,
         height=350,scrollbars=yes');
        pxysubmitted = true;
        return true;
    } else {
        alert("This page can not be submitted twice.");
        return false;
    }
}
</script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<style type="text/css">
body {
    background-color: #ffffff;
}
</style>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1><img src="http://192.168.2.91/flash:web_auth_logo.png" width="75" height="50"
alt="Cisco Logo" longdesc="http://www.cisco.com"></H1>
<center>
<H2> Wireless Guest Access Web Authentication</H2>
<center>
<iframe src="http://192.168.2.91/flash:web_auth_aup.html" width="950" height="250"
scrolling="auto"></iframe><BR><BR>

<FORM method=post action="/" target="pxywindow1">
  Username: <input type=text name=uname><BR><BR>
  Password: <input type=password name=pwd><BR><BR>
  <input type=submit name=ok value=OK   onClick="return submitreload();">
</FORM><noscript>
<BR>
<UL>
  <H2><FONT COLOR="red">Warning!</FONT></H2>
  <p>JavaScript should be enabled in your Web browser 
     for secure authentication</p>
  <LI>Follow the instructions of your Web browser to enable 
      JavaScript if you would like to have JavaScript enabled 
      for secure authentication</LI>
  <BR>OR<BR><BR>
  <LI> Follow these steps if you want to keep JavaScript
       disabled or if your browser does not support JavaScript
    <OL><BR>
      <LI> Close this Web brower window</LI>
      <LI> Click on Reload button of the original browser window</LI>
    </OL></LI>
</UL>
</noscript>
<center>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<img src="http://192.168.2.91/flash:web_auth_cisco.png" alt="Cisco Powered" width="215"
height="136" align="middle" longdesc="http://www.cisco.com">
</center>
</BODY></HTML>

Configuring a Parameter Map for Local Web Authentication (CLI)

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	configure terminal Example: `Switch# configure terminal`	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	parameter-map type webauth global Example: `Switch(config)# parameter-map type webauth global`	Creates a parameter map and enters parameter-map webauth configuration mode. The specific configuration commands supported for a global parameter map defined with the global keyword differ from the commands supported for a named parameter map defined with the parameter-map-name argument.
Step 3	virtual-ip ipv4`ip-address` [virtual-host`fqdn`] Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# virtual-ip ipv4 1.1.1.1 virtual-host host.cisco.com`	Configures the virtual IP address and redirects users to a virtual host. Optionally, you can also configure a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for the virtual IP, along with the DNS services.
Step 4	banner {`file` \| `text`} Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# banner`	Displays a banner on the local web-authentication login web page.
Step 5	custom-page Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page`	Specifies the custom page such as login, expired, success, or failure page.
Step 6	max-http-conns Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# max-http-conns`	Specifies the maximum number of HTTP connections per clients.
Step 7	intercept-https-enable Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# intercept-https-enable`	Specifies to enable intercept of HTTPS traffic.
Step 8	ratelimit Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# ratelimit`	Specifies to rate limit on the number of web authentication sessions.
Step 9	redirect Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# redirect`	Specifies to redirect the URL.
Step 10	timeout Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# timeout`	Specifies to timeout for the initial state of web authentication.
Step 11	watch-list Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# watch-list`	Specifies the watch list of web authentication clients.
Step 12	virtual-ip ipv4 `virtual -IP-address` Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# virtual-ip ipv4 172.16.16.16`	(Optional) Specifies a virtual IP address for web-based authentication clients. This command is supported in the global parameter map only.
Step 13	exit Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# exit`	Specifies to exit from parameter-map params configuration mode.
Step 14	no Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# no`	Specifies to negate a command or set its defaults.
Step 15	parameter-map type webauth `name` type `webauth` `test` Example: `Switch(config)# parameter-map type webauth user1 type webauth test`	Specifies parameter map user-defined name for local web-based authentication clients. This command is supported in the global parameter map only.
Step 16	banner `bannet-text` Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# banner`	(Optional) Displays a banner on the local web-authentication login web page.
Step 17	consent email Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# consent email`	(Optional) Requests a user’s e-mail address on the local web-authentication login web page. This command is supported in named parameter maps only.
Step 18	custom-page Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# custom-page`	Specifies the custom page such as login, expired, success, or failure page.
Step 19	max-http-conns Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# max-http-conns`	Specifies the maximum number of HTTP connections per clients.
Step 20	redirect Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# redirect`	Specifies to redirect the URL.
Step 21	timeout Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# timeout`	Specifies to timeout for the initial state of web authentication.
Step 22	type Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# virtual-ip ipv4 172.16.16.16`	(Optional) Specifies the parameter type such as web authentication or consent, or both.
Step 23	exit Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# exit`	Specifies to exit from parameter-map params configuration mode.
Step 24	no Example: `Switch(config-params-parameter-map)# no`	Specifies to negate a command or set its defaults.

Monitoring Web-Based Authentication Status

Use the commands in this topic to display the web-based authentication settings for all interfaces or for specific ports.

Table 2. Privileged EXEC show Commands
Command	Purpose
show authentication sessions method webauth	Displays the web-based authentication settings for all interfaces for fastethernet, gigabitethernet, or tengigabitethernet
show authentication sessions  interface `type slot/port`[details]	Displays the web-based authentication settings for the specified interface for fastethernet, gigabitethernet, or tengigabitethernet. In Session Aware Networking mode, use the show access-session interface command.

Feature Information for Web-Based Authentication


Release	Feature Information
Cisco IOS XE 3.2SECisco IOS XE 3.3SE Cisco IOS XE 3.3SE	This feature is introduced.

Consolidated Platform Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE 3.7E and Later (Catalyst 3650 Switches)

Bias-Free Language

Results

Chapter: Configuring Web-Based Authentication

Configuring Web-Based Authentication

Finding Feature Information

Web-Based Authentication Overview

Device Roles

Host Detection

Session Creation

Authentication Process

Local Web Authentication Banner

Web Authentication Customizable Web Pages

Guidelines

Authentication Proxy Web Page Guidelines

Redirection URL for Successful Login Guidelines

Custom Web Authentication Guidelines

Web-based Authentication Interactions with Other Features

Port Security

LAN Port IP

Gateway IP

ACLs

Context-Based Access Control

EtherChannel

Default Web-Based Authentication Configuration

Web-Based Authentication Configuration Guidelines and Restrictions

Web-Based Authentication Configuration Task List

Configuring the Authentication Rule and Interfaces

Procedure

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Configuring AAA Authentication

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Configuring Switch-to-RADIUS-Server Communication

Procedure

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Configuring the HTTP Server

Procedure

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Customizing the Authentication Proxy Web Pages

Before you begin

Procedure

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