Requirements and Prerequisites for the System Configuration
Model Support
FMC
Some settings also apply to 7000 & 8000 Series devices.
Supported Domains
Global
User Roles
Admin
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The following topics explain how to configure system configuration settings on Firepower Management Centers and managed devices:
FMC
Some settings also apply to 7000 & 8000 Series devices.
Global
Admin
System configuration settings apply to either a Firepower Management Center or a Classic managed device (7000 and 8000 Series, ASA FirePOWER, NGIPSv):
For the Firepower Management Center these configuration settings are part of a "local" system configuration. Note that system configuration on the Firepower Management Center is specific to a single system, and changes to a FMC's system configuration affect only that system.
For a Classic managed device, you apply a configuration from the Firepower Management Center as part of a platform settings policy. You create a shared policy to configure a subset of the system configuration settings, appropriate for managed devices, that are likely to be similar across a deployment.
Tip |
For 7000 and 8000 Series devices, you can perform limited system configuration tasks from the local web interface, such as console configuration and remote management. These are not the same configurations that you apply to a 7000 or 8000 Series device using a platform settings policy. |
The system configuration identifies basic settings for a Firepower Management Center.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Use the navigation panel to choose configurations to change; see Table 1 for more information. |
Note that for managed devices, many of these configurations are handled by a platform settings policy applied from the FMC; see Platform Settings Policies. For 7000/8000 series devices, you can also log into the local web interface for non-policy based system configurations; see Local System Configuration for 7000/8000 Series Devices.
Setting |
Description |
---|---|
Access Control Preferences |
Configure the system to prompt users for a comment when they add or modify an access control policy; see Policy Change Comments. |
Access List |
Control which computers can access the system on specific ports; see Access List. |
Audit Log |
Configure the system to send an audit log to an external host; see Audit Logs. |
Change Reconciliation |
Configure the system to send a detailed report of changes to the system over the last 24 hours; see Change Reconciliation. |
Console Configuration |
Configure console access via VGA or serial port, or via Lights-Out Management (LOM); see Remote Console Access Management. |
Dashboard |
Enable Custom Analysis widgets on the dashboard; see Dashboard Settings. |
Database |
Specify the maximum number of each type of event that the Firepower Management Center can store; see Database Event Limits. |
DNS Cache |
Configure the system to resolve IP addresses automatically on event view pages; see DNS Cache. |
Email Notification |
Configure a mail host, select an encryption method, and supply authentication credentials for email-based notifications and reporting; see Email Notifications. |
External Database Access |
Enable external read-only access to the database, and provide a client driver to download; see External Database Access Settings. |
HTTPS Certificate |
Request an HTTPS server certificate, if needed, from a trusted authority and upload certificates to the system; see HTTPS Certificates. |
Information |
View current information about the appliance and edit the display name; see Appliance Information. |
Intrusion Policy Preferences |
Configure the system to prompt users for a comment when they modify an intrusion policy; see Policy Change Comments. |
Language |
Specify a different language for the web interface; see Language Selection. |
Login Banner |
Create a custom login banner that appears when users log in; see Login Banners. |
Management Interfaces |
Change options such as the IP address, hostname, and proxy settings of the appliance; see Management Interfaces. |
Network Analysis Policy Preferences |
Configure the system to prompt users for a comment when they modify a network analysis policy; see Policy Change Comments. |
Process |
Shut down, reboot, or restart Firepower processes; see Shut Down or Restart. |
Remote Storage Device |
Configure remote storage for backups and reports; see Remote Storage Management. |
Shell Timeout |
Configure the amount of idle time, in minutes, before a user’s login session times out due to inactivity; see Session Timeouts. |
SNMP |
Enable Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) polling; see SNMP Polling. |
STIG Compliance |
Enable compliance with specific requirements set out by the United States Department of Defense; see STIG Compliance. |
Time |
View and change the current time setting; see Time and Time Synchronization. |
Time Synchronization |
Manage time synchronization on the system; see Time and Time Synchronization. |
VMware Tools |
Enable and use VMware Tools on a Firepower Management Center Virtual; see VMware Tools and Virtual Systems. |
Vulnerability Mapping |
Map vulnerabilities to a host IP address for any application protocol traffic received or sent from that address; see Vulnerability Mapping. |
The System > Configuration page of the web interface includes the information listed in the table below. Unless otherwise noted, all fields are read-only.
Note |
See also the Help > About page, which includes similar but slightly different information. |
Field |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
A descriptive name you assign to the FMCappliance. Although you can use the host name as the name of the appliance, entering a different name in this field does not change the host name. |
Product Model |
The model name of the appliance. |
Serial Number |
The serial number of the appliance. |
Software Version |
The version of the software currently installed on the appliance. |
Prohibit Packet Transfer to the Firepower Management Center |
Specifies whether the managed device sends packet data with events, allowing the data to be stored on the Firepower Management Center. This setting is available on the local web interface on 7000 and 8000 Series devices. |
Operating System |
The operating system currently running on the appliance. |
Operating System Version |
The version of the operating system currently running on the appliance. |
IPv4 Address |
The IPv4 address of the default ( |
IPv6 Address |
The IPv6 address of the default ( |
Current Policies |
The system-level policies currently deployed. If a policy has been updated since it was last deployed, the name of the policy appears in italics. |
Model Number |
The appliance-specific model number stored on the internal flash drive. This number may be important for troubleshooting. |
Choose . |
The About page displays information about your appliance, including the model, serial number, and version information for various components of the Firepower System. It also includes Cisco copyright information.
Step 1 |
Click Help in the toolbar at the top of the page. |
Step 2 |
Choose About. |
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/TLS certificates enable Firepower Management Centers and 7000 and 8000 Series devices to establish an encrypted channel between the system and a web browser. A default certificate is included with all Firepower devices, but it is not generated by a certificate authority (CA) trusted by any globally known CA. For this reason, consider replacing it with a custom certificate signed by a globally known or internally trusted CA.
If you use the default server certificate provided with an appliance, do not configure the system to require a valid HTTPS client certificate for web interface access because the default server certificate is not signed by the CA that signs your client certificate.
The default server certificate provided with an appliance expires 20 years from when it was first generated.
You can use the Firepower Management Center web interface to generate a server certificate request based on your system information and the identification information you supply. You can use that request to sign a certificate if you have an internal certificate authority (CA) installed that is trusted by your browser. You can also send the resulting request to a certificate authority to request a server certificate. After you have a signed certificate from a certificate authority (CA), you can import it.
You can restrict access to the Firepower System web server using client browser certificate checking. When you enable user certificates, the web server checks that a user’s browser client has a valid user certificate selected. That user certificate must be generated by the same trusted certificate authority that is used for the server certificate. The browser cannot load the web interface under any of the following circumstances:
The user selects a certificate in the browser that is not valid.
The user selects a certificate in the browser that is not generated by the certificate authority that signed the server certificate.
The user selects a certificate in the browser that is not generated by a certificate authority in the certificate chain on the device.
You can also load a certificate revocation list (CRL) for the server. The CRL lists any certificates that the certificate authority has revoked, so the web server can verify that the client browser certificate is valid. If the user selects a certificate that is listed in the CRL as a revoked certificate, the browser cannot load the web interface.
You can only view server certificates for the appliance you are logged into.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click HTTPS Certificate. |
When you generate a certificate request through the local configuration HTTPS Certificate page using this procedure, you can only generate a certificate for a single system. Similarly, if you install a certificate that is not signed by a globally known or internally trusted CA, you receive a security warning when you connect to the system.
The key generated for the certificate request is in Base-64 encoded PEM format.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
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Step 2 |
Click HTTPS Certificate. |
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Step 3 |
Click Generate New CSR. |
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Step 4 |
Enter a country code in the Country Name (two-letter code) field. |
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Step 5 |
Enter a state or province postal abbreviation in the State or Province field. |
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Step 6 |
Enter a Locality or City. |
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Step 7 |
Enter an Organization name. |
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Step 8 |
Enter an Organizational Unit (Department) name. |
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Step 9 |
Enter the fully qualified domain name of the server for which you want to request a certificate in the Common Name field.
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Step 10 |
Click Generate. |
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Step 11 |
Open a text editor. |
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Step 12 |
Copy the entire block of text in the certificate request,
including the
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Step 13 |
Save the file as
|
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Step 14 |
Click Save. |
Upload the signed server certificate; see Uploading Server Certificates.
If the signing authority that generated the certificate requires you to trust an intermediate CA, you must also supply a certificate chain, sometimes referred to as a certificate path. If you require user certificates, they must be generated by a certificate authority whose intermediate authority is included in the certificate chain.
If the signing authority that generated the certificate requires you to trust an intermediate CA, you must also supply a certificate chain, sometimes referred to as a certificate path. If you require user certificates, they must be generated by a certificate authority whose intermediate authority is included in the certificate chain.
Generate a certificate signing request; see Generating and Submitting a Certificate Signing Request.
Upload the CSR file to the certificate authority where you want to request a certificate, or use the CSR to create a self-signed certificate.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click HTTPS Certificate. |
Step 3 |
Click Import HTTPS Certificate. |
Step 4 |
Open the server certificate in a text editor, copy the entire
block of text, including the
|
Step 5 |
If you want to upload a private key, open the private key file,
copy the entire block of text, including the
|
Step 6 |
Open any intermediate certificates you need to provide, copy the entire block of text, for each, and paste it into the Certificate Chain field. |
Step 7 |
Click Save. |
The system supports upload of CRLs in Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) format. You can only load one CRL for a server.
To ensure that the list of revoked certificates stays current, you can create a scheduled task to update the CRL. The most recent refresh of the CRL is listed in the interface.
Note |
You must have a valid user certificate present in your browser (or a CAC inserted in your reader) to enable user certificates and to access the web interface after doing so. |
Use the same certificate authority used for the server certificate to generate the user certificate.
Upload the intermediate certificate for the certificates; see Server Certificate Upload.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
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Step 2 |
Click HTTPS Certificate. |
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Step 3 |
Choose Enable User Certificates. If prompted, select the appropriate certificate from the drop-down list. |
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Step 4 |
If you want to retrieve the CRL, choose Enable Fetching of CRL. |
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Step 5 |
Enter a valid URL to an existing CRL file and click Refresh CRL. The current CRL at the supplied URL loads to the server.
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Step 6 |
Verify that you have a valid user certificate generated by the same certificate authority that created the server certificate.
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Step 7 |
Click Save. |
You can configure the Firepower Management Center to allow read-only access to its database by a third-party client. This allows you to query the database using SQL using any of the following:
industry-standard reporting tools such as Actuate BIRT, JasperSoft iReport, or Crystal Reports
any other reporting application (including a custom application) that supports JDBC SSL connections
the Cisco-provided command-line Java application called RunQuery, which you can either run interactively or use to obtain comma-separated results for a single query
Use the Firepower Management Center's system configuration to enable database access and create an access list that allows selected hosts to query the database. Note that this access list does not also control appliance access.
You can also download a package that contains the following:
RunQuery, the Cisco-provided database query tool
InstallCert, a tool you can use to retrieve and accept the SSL certificate from the Firepower Management Center you want to access
the JDBC driver you must use to connect to the database
See the Firepower System Database Access Guide for information on using the tools in the package you downloaded to configure database access.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
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Step 2 |
Click External Database Access. |
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Step 3 |
Select the Allow External Database Access check box. |
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Step 4 |
Enter an appropriate value in the Server Hostname field. Depending on your third-party application requirements, this value can be either the fully qualified domain name (FQDN), IPv4 address, or IPv6 address of the Firepower Management Center.
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Step 5 |
Next to
Client JDBC Driver, click
Download and follow your browser’s prompts to
download the
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Step 6 |
To add database access for one or more IP addresses, click Add Hosts. An IP Address field appears in the Access List field. |
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Step 7 |
In the
IP Address field, enter an IP address or address
range, or
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Step 8 |
Click Add. |
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Step 9 |
Click Save.
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To manage disk space, the FMC periodically prunes the oldest intrusion events, audit records, Security Intelligence data, and URL filtering data from the event database. For each event type, you can specify how many records the FMC retains after pruning; never rely on the event database containing more records of any type than the retention limit configured for that type. To improve performance, tailor the event limits to the number of events you regularly work with. You can optionally choose to receive email notifications when pruning occurs. For some event types, you can disable storage.
To manually delete individual events, use the event viewer. You can also manually purge the database; see Data Storage.
If you want to receive email notifications when events are pruned from the Firepower Management Center's database, you must configure an email server; see Configuring a Mail Relay Host and Notification Address.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Choose Database. |
Step 3 |
For each of the databases, enter the number of records you want to store. For information on how many records each database can maintain, see Database Event Limits. |
Step 4 |
Optionally, in the Data Pruning Notification Address field, enter the email address where you want to receive pruning notifications. |
Step 5 |
Click Save. |
The following table lists the minimum and maximum number of records for each event type that you can store on a Firepower Management Center.
Event Type |
Upper Limit |
Lower Limit |
---|---|---|
Intrusion events |
10 million (FMC Virtual) 20 million (FMC750) 30 million (FMC1500, ) 60 million (FMC2000,) 150 million (FMC3500) 300 million (FMC4000, ) |
10,000 |
Discovery events |
10 million (FMC Virtual) 20 million (FMC2000, FMC4000, ) |
Zero (disables storage) |
Connection events Security Intelligence events |
50 million (FMC Virtual, FMC750) 100 million (FMC1500, ) 300 million (FMC2000, ) 500 million (FMC3500) 1 billion (FMC4000, ) Limit is shared between connection events and Security Intelligence events. The sum of the configured maximums cannot exceed this limit. |
Zero (disables storage) Setting Maximum Connection Events to zero immediately purges existing connection events. Note that disabling connection event storage on the Firepower Management Center does not affect connection summaries or correlation. The system still uses connection event information for features like traffic profiles, correlation policies, and dashboard displays. |
Connection summaries (aggregated connection events) |
50 million (FMC Virtual, FMC750) 100 million (FMC1500, ) 300 million (FMC2000, ) 500 million (FMC3500) 1 billion (FMC4000, ) |
Zero (disables storage) |
Correlation events and compliance white list events |
1 million (FMC Virtual) 2 million (FMC2000, , FMC4000) |
One |
Malware events |
10 million (FMC Virtual) 20 million (FMC2000,, FMC4000) |
10,000 |
File events |
10 million (FMC Virtual) 20 million (FMC2000, , FMC4000) |
Zero (disables storage) |
Health events |
1 million |
Zero (disables storage) |
Audit records |
100,000 |
One |
Remediation status events |
10 million |
One |
White list violation history |
a 30-day history of violations |
One day’s history |
User activity (user events) |
10 million |
One |
User logins (user history) |
10 million |
One |
Intrusion rule update import log records |
1 million |
One |
After setup, you can change the management network settings, including adding more management interfaces, hostname, search domains, DNS servers, and HTTP proxy on the FMC.
By default, the FMC manages all devices on a single management interface. You can also perform initial setup on the management interface and log into the FMC on this interface as an administrator. The management interface is also used to communicate with the Smart Licensing server, to download updates, and to perform other management functions.
For information about device management interfaces, see About Device Management Interfaces.
The FMC uses the eth0 interface for initial setup, HTTP access for administrators, management of devices, as well as other management functions such as licensing and updates.
You can also configure additional management interfaces on the same network, or on different networks. When the FMC manages large numbers of devices, adding more management interfaces can improve throughput and performance. You can also use these interfaces for all other management functions. You might want to use each management interface for particular functions; for example, you might want to use one interface for HTTP administrator access and another for device management.
For device management, the management interface carries two separate traffic channels: the management traffic channel carries all internal traffic (such as inter-device traffic specific to managing the device), and the event traffic channel carries all event traffic (such as web events). You can optionally configure a separate event-only interface on the FMC to handle event traffic; you can configure only one event interface. Event traffic can use a large amount of bandwidth, so separating event traffic from management traffic can improve the performance of the FMC. For example, you can assign a 10 GigabitEthernet interface to be the event interface, if available, while using 1 GigabitEthernet interfaces for management. You might want to configure an event-only interface on a completely secure, private network while using the regular management interface on a network that includes Internet access, for example. You can also use both management and event interfaces on the same network if the goal is only to take advantage of increased throughput. Managed devices will send management traffic to the FMC management interface and event traffic to the FMCs event-only interface. If the managed device cannot reach the event-only interface, then it will fall back to sending events to the management interface.
Note |
All management interfaces support HTTP administrator access as controlled by your Access List configuration. Conversely, you cannot restrict an interface to only HTTP access; management interfaces always support device management (management traffic, event traffic, or both). |
Note |
Only the eth0 interface supports DHCP IP addressing. Other management interfaces only support static IP addresses. |
See the hardware installation guide for your model for the management interface locations.
See the following table for supported management interfaces on each FMC model.
Model |
Management Interfaces |
---|---|
MC750, MC1500, MC3500 |
eth0 (Default) eth1 |
MC2000, MC4000 |
eth0 (Default) eth1 eth2 eth3 |
Firepower Management Center Virtual |
eth0 (Default) |
Management interfaces (including event-only interfaces) support only static routes to reach remote networks. When you set up your FMC, the setup process creates a default route to the gateway IP address that you specify. You cannot delete this route; you can only modify the gateway address.
The default route always uses the lowest-numbered management interface (e.g. eth0).
At least one static route is recommended per management interface to access remote networks. We recommend placing each interface on a separate network to avoid potential routing problems, including routing problems from other devices to the FMC. If you do not experience problems with interfaces on the same network, then be sure to configure static routes correctly. For example, on the FMC both eth0 and eth1 are on the same network, but you want to manage a different group of devices on each interface. The default gateway is 192.168.45.1. If you want eth1 to manage devices on the remote 10.6.6.0/24 destination network, you can create a static route for 10.6.6.0/24 through eth1 with the same gateway of 192.168.45.1. Traffic to 10.6.6.0/24 will hit this route before it hits the default route, so eth1 will be used as expected.
If you want to use two FMC interfaces to manage remote devices that are on the same network, then static routing on the FMC may not scale well, because you need separate static routes per device IP address.
Another example includes separate management and event-only interfaces on both the FMC and the managed device. The event-only interfaces are on a separate network from the management interfaces. In this case, add a static route through the event-only interface for traffic destined for the remote event-only network, and vice versa.
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of transmitting and receiving network traffic through a router that involves reassigning the source or destination IP address. The most common use for NAT is to allow private networks to communicate with the internet. Static NAT performs a 1:1 translation, which does not pose a problem for FMC communication with devices, but port address translation (PAT) is more common. PAT lets you use a single public IP address and unique ports to access the public network; these ports are dynamically assigned as needed, so you cannot initiate a connection to a device behind a PAT router.
Normally, you need both IP addresses (along with a registration key) for both routing purposes and for authentication: the FMC specifies the device IP address when you add a device, and the device specifies the FMC IP address. However, if you only know one of the IP addresses, which is the minimum requirement for routing purposes, then you must also specify a unique NAT ID on both sides of the connection to establish trust for the initial communication and to look up the correct registration key. The FMC and device use the registration key and NAT ID (instead of IP addresses) to authenticate and authorize for initial registration.
For example, you add a device to the FMC, and you do not know the device IP address (for example, the device is behind a PAT router), so you specify only the NAT ID and the registration key on the FMC; leave the IP address blank. On the device, you specify the FMC IP address, the same NAT ID, and the same registration key. The device registers to the FMC's IP address. At this point, the FMC uses the NAT ID instead of IP address to authenticate the device.
Although the use of a NAT ID is most common for NAT environments, you might choose to use the NAT ID to simplify adding many devices to the FMC. On the FMC, specify a unique NAT ID for each device you want to add while leaving the IP address blank, and then on each device, specify both the FMC IP address and the NAT ID. Note: The NAT ID must be unique per device.
The following example shows three devices behind a PAT IP address. In this case, specify a unique NAT ID per device on both the FMC and the devices, and specify the FMC IP address on the devices.
The following example shows the FMC behind a PAT IP address. In this case, specify a unique NAT ID per device on both the FMC and the devices, and specify the device IP addresses on the FMC.
The following example shows the Firepower Management Center and managed devices using only the default management interfaces.
The following example shows the Firepower Management Center using separate management interfaces for devices; and each managed device using 1 management interface.
The following example shows the Firepower Management Center and managed devices using a separate event interface.
The following example shows a mix of multiple management interfaces and a separate event interface on the Firepower Management Center and a mix of managed devices using a separate event interface, or using a single management interface.
Caution |
Do NOT push the FMC deployments over a VPN tunnel that is terminating directly on the Firepower Threat Defense. Pushing the FMC deployments can potentially inactivate the tunnel and disconnect the FMC and the Firepower Threat Defense. Recovering the device from this situation can be very disruptive and require executing the disaster recovery procedure. This procedure resets the Firepower Threat Defense configuration to factory defaults by changing manager from FMC to local and configuring the device from beginning. For more information, see Deploying the FMC Policy Configuration over VPN Tunnel. |
Modify the management interface settings on the Firepower Management Center. You can optionally enable additional management interfaces or configure an event-only interface.
Caution |
Be careful when making changes to the management interface to which you are connected; if you cannot re-connect because of a configuration error, you need to access the FMC console port to re-configure the network settings in the Linux shell. You must contact Cisco TAC to guide you in this operation. |
Note |
If you change the FMC IP address, then see the following tasks to ensure device management connectivity depending on how you added the device to the FMC:
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For information about how device management works, see About Device Management Interfaces.
If you use a proxy:
Proxies that use NT LAN Manager (NTLM) authentication are not supported.
If you use or will use Smart Licensing, the proxy FQDN cannot have more than 64 characters.
Step 1 |
Choose , and then choose Management Interfaces. |
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Step 2 |
In the Interfaces area, click Edit next to the interface that you want to configure. All available interfaces are listed in this section. You cannot add more interfaces. You can configure the following options on each management interface:
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Step 3 |
In the Routes area, edit a static route by clicking Edit (), or add a route by clicking Add (). View the route table by clicking . You need a static route for each additional interface to reach remote networks. For more information about when new routes are needed, see Network Routes on FMC Management Interfaces.
You can configure the following settings for a static route:
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Step 4 |
In the Shared Settings area, set network parameters shared by all interfaces.
You can configure the following shared settings:
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Step 5 |
In the Proxy area, configure HTTP proxy settings. The FMC is configured to directly-connect to the internet on ports TCP/443 (HTTPS) and TCP/80 (HTTP). You can use a proxy server, to which you can authenticate via HTTP Digest. See proxy requirements in the prerequisites to this topic. |
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Step 6 |
Click Save. |
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Step 7 |
If you change the FMC IP address, then see If you change the FMC IP address, then see the following tasks to ensure device management connectivity depending on how you added the device to the FMC:
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Use the web interface to control the shut down and restart of processes on the FMC. You can:
Shut down: Initiate a graceful shutdown of the appliance.
Caution |
Do not shut off Firepower appliances using the power button; it may cause a loss of data. Using the web interface (or CLI) prepares the system to be safely powered off and restarted without losing configuration data. |
Reboot: Shut down and restart gracefully.
Restart the console: Restart the communications, database, and HTTP server processes. This is typically used during troubleshooting.
Tip |
For information on shutting down/restarting a 7000/8000 series device, including restarting the Snort process, see Shut Down or Restart a 7000/8000 Series Device. For virtual devices, refer to the documentation for your virtual platform. For VMware in particular, custom power options are part of VMware Tools. |
Step 1 |
Choose . |
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Step 2 |
Choose Process. |
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Step 3 |
Do one of the following:
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On Firepower Management Centers, you can use the following for local or remote storage for backups and reports:
Network File System (NFS)
Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS)
Secure Shell (SSH)
You cannot send backups to one remote system and reports to another, but you can choose to send either to a remote system and store the other on the Firepower Management Center.
Tip |
After configuring and selecting remote storage, you can switch back to local storage only if you have not increased the connection database limit. |
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Choose Remote Storage Device. |
Step 3 |
Choose Local (No Remote Storage) from the Storage Type drop-down list. |
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
Ensure that your external remote storage system is functional and accessible from your FMC.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Remote Storage Device. |
Step 3 |
Choose NFS from the Storage Type drop-down list. |
Step 4 |
Add the connection information:
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Step 5 |
Optionally, check the Use Advanced Options check box and enter any required command line options; see Remote Storage Management Advanced Options. |
Step 6 |
Under System Usage:
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Step 7 |
To test the settings, click Test. |
Step 8 |
Click Save. |
Ensure that your external remote storage system is functional and accessible from your FMC:
The system recognizes top-level SMB shares, not full file paths. You must use Windows to share the exact directory you want to use.
Make sure the Windows user you will use to access the SMB share from the FMC has ownership of and read/change access to the share location.
To ensure security, you should install SMB 2.0 or greater.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Remote Storage Device. |
Step 3 |
Choose SMB from the Storage Type drop-down list. |
Step 4 |
Add the connection information:
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Step 5 |
Optionally, check the Use Advanced Options check box and enter any required command line options; see Remote Storage Management Advanced Options. |
Step 6 |
Under System Usage:
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Step 7 |
To test the settings, click Test. |
Step 8 |
Click Save. |
Caution |
If you enable STIG compliance on an appliance, you cannot use SSH for remote storage for that appliance. |
Ensure that your external remote storage system is functional and accessible from your Firepower Management Center.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Remote Storage Device. |
Step 3 |
Choose SSH from the Storage Type drop-down list. |
Step 4 |
Add the connection information:
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Step 5 |
Optionally, check the Use Advanced Options check box and enter any required command line options; see Remote Storage Management Advanced Options. |
Step 6 |
Under System Usage:
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Step 7 |
If you want to test the settings, you must click Test. |
Step 8 |
Click Save. |
If you select the Network File System (NFS) protocol, Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, or SSH
to use secure file transfer protocol (SFTP) to store your reports and backups, you can select the Use Advanced Options check box to use one of the mount binary options as documented in an NFS, SMB, or SSH mount main page.
If you select SMB or NFS storage type, you can specify the version number of the remote storage in the Command Line Option field using the following format:
vers=version
where version
is the version number of SMB or NFS remote storage you want to use. For example, to select NFSv4, enter vers=4.0
.
vers=3.0
where you select encrypted SMBv3 to copy or save backup files from the FMC to the encrypted SMB file server.
To monitor the changes that users make and ensure that they follow your organization’s preferred standard, you can configure the system to send, via email, a detailed report of changes made over the past 24 hours. Whenever a user saves changes to the system configuration, a snapshot is taken of the changes. The change reconciliation report combines information from these snapshots to present a clear summary of recent system changes.
The following sample graphic displays a User section of an example change reconciliation report and lists both the previous value for each configuration and the value after changes. When users make multiple changes to the same configuration, the report lists summaries of each distinct change in chronological order, beginning with the most recent.
You can view changes made during the previous 24 hours.
Configure an email server to receive emailed reports of changes made to the system over a 24 hour period; see Configuring a Mail Relay Host and Notification Address for more information.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
||
Step 2 |
Click Change Reconciliation. |
||
Step 3 |
Check the Enable check box. |
||
Step 4 |
Choose the time of day you want the system to send out the change reconciliation report from the Time to Run drop-down lists. |
||
Step 5 |
Enter email addresses in the Email to field.
|
||
Step 6 |
If you want to include policy changes, check the Include Policy Configuration check box. |
||
Step 7 |
If you want to include all changes over the past 24 hours, check the Show Full Change History check box. |
||
Step 8 |
Click Save. |
The Include Policy Configuration option controls whether the system includes records of policy changes in the change reconciliation report. This includes changes to access control, intrusion, system, health, and network discovery policies. If you do not select this option, the report will not show changes to any policies. This option is available on Firepower Management Centers only.
The Show Full Change History option controls whether the system includes records of all changes over the past 24 hours in the change reconciliation report. If you do not select this option, the report includes only a consolidated view of changes for each category.
Note |
The change reconciliation report does not include changes to Firepower Threat Defense interfaces and routing settings. |
You can configure the Firepower System to track several policy-related changes using the comment functionality when users modify access control, intrusion, or network analysis policies.
With policy change comments enabled, administrators can quickly assess why critical policies in a deployment were modified. Optionally, you can have changes to intrusion and network analysis policies written to the audit log.
You can configure the Firepower System to prompt users for comments when they modify an access control policy, intrusion policy, or network analysis policy. You can use comments to track users’ reasons for policy changes. If you enable comments on policy changes, you can make the comment optional or mandatory. The system prompts the user for a comment when each new change to a policy is saved.
Step 1 |
Choose . The system configuration options appear in the left navigation panel. |
Step 2 |
Configure the policy comment preferences for any of the following:
|
Step 3 |
You have the following choices for each policy type:
|
Step 4 |
Optionally for intrusion or network analysis policy comments:
|
Step 5 |
Click Save. |
You can limit access to the FMC by IP address and port. By default, the following ports are enabled for any IP address:
443 (HTTPS) for web interface access.
22 (SSH) for CLI access.
You can also add access to poll for SNMP information over port 161. Because SNMP is disabled by default, you must first enable SNMP before you can add SNMP access rules. For more information, see Configure SNMP Polling.
Caution |
By default, access is not restricted. To operate in a more secure environment, consider adding access for specific IP addresses and then deleting the default any option. |
This access list does not control external database access. See Enabling External Access to the Database.
Caution |
If you delete access for the IP address that you are currently using to connect
to the FMC, and there is no entry for “ |
To configure access lists for Classic devices, use device platform settings. See Configure Access Lists for Classic Devices.
By default, the access list includes rules for HTTPS and SSH. To add SNMP rules to the access list, you must first enable SNMP. For more information, see Configure SNMP Polling.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
(Optional) Click SNMP to configure SNMP if you want to add SNMP rules to the access list. By default, SNMP is disabled; see Configure SNMP Polling. |
Step 3 |
Click Access List. |
Step 4 |
To add access for one or more IP addresses, click Add Rules. |
Step 5 |
In the IP Address field, enter an IP address or address range, or |
Step 6 |
Choose SSH, HTTPS, SNMP, or a combination of these options to specify which ports you want to enable for these IP addresses. |
Step 7 |
Click Add. |
Step 8 |
Click Save. |
The Firepower Management Center records user activity in read-only audit logs. You can review audit log data in several ways:
Use the web interface: Auditing the System.
Audit logs are presented in a standard event view where you can view, sort, and filter audit log messages based on any item in the audit view. You can easily delete and report on audit information and you can view detailed reports of the changes that users make.
Stream audit log messages to the syslog.
Stream audit log messages to an HTTP server.
Streaming audit log data to an external server allows you to conserve space on the FMC; see Configure Audit Log Streaming.
Classic devices also maintain audit logs. To stream audit logs from a Classic devices, see Stream Audit Logs from Classic Devices.
The following is an example of the output structure:
Date Time Host [
Tag] Sender:
[
User_Name]@[
User_IP], [
Subsystem],
[
Action]
where the local date, time, and hostname precede the bracketed optional tag, and the sending device name precedes the audit log message.
For example:
Mar 01 14:45:24 localhost [
TAG]
Dev-DC3500: admin@10.1.1.2, Operations > Monitoring, Page View
Ensure that the external host is functional and accessible from the system sending the audit log.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
||
Step 2 |
Click Audit Log. |
||
Step 3 |
Choose Enabled from the Send Audit Log to Syslog drop-down menu. |
||
Step 4 |
Designate the destination host for the audit information by using the IP address or the fully qualified name of the host in the Host field. The default port (514) is used.
|
||
Step 5 |
Choose a syslog Facility. |
||
Step 6 |
Choose a Severity. |
||
Step 7 |
Optionally, insert a reference tag in the Tag (optional) field. |
||
Step 8 |
To send regular audit log updates to an external HTTP server, choose Enabled from the Send Audit Log to HTTP Server drop-down list. |
||
Step 9 |
In the URL to Post Audit field, designate the URL where you want to send audit information. You must enter an URL that corresponds to a listener program that expects the HTTP POST variables as listed:
|
||
Step 10 |
Click Save. |
Dashboards provide you with at-a-glance views of current system status through the use of widgets: small, self-contained components that provide insight into different aspects of the Firepower System. The Firepower System is delivered with several predefined dashboard widgets.
You can configure the Firepower Management Center so that Custom Analysis widgets are enabled on the dashboard.
Use Custom Analysis dashboard widgets to create a visual representation of events based on a flexible, user-configurable query.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Dashboard. |
Step 3 |
Check the Enable Custom Analysis Widgets check box to allow users to add Custom Analysis widgets to dashboards. |
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
You can configure the system to resolve IP addresses automatically on the event view pages. You can also configure basic properties for DNS caching performed by the appliance. Configuring DNS caching allows you to identify IP addresses you previously resolved without performing additional lookups. This can reduce the amount of traffic on your network and speed the display of event pages when IP address resolution is enabled.
DNS resolution caching is a system-wide setting that allows the caching of previously resolved DNS lookups.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Choose DNS Cache. |
Step 3 |
From the DNS Resolution Caching drop-down list, choose one of the following:
|
Step 4 |
In the DNS Cache Timeout (in minutes) field, enter the number of minutes a DNS entry remains cached in memory before it is removed for inactivity. The default setting is 300 minutes (five hours). |
Step 5 |
Click Save. |
Configure a mail host if you plan to:
Email event-based reports
Email status reports for scheduled tasks
Email change reconciliation reports
Email data-pruning notifications
Use email for discovery event, impact flag, correlation event alerting, intrusion event alerting, and health event alerting
When you configure email notification, you can select an encryption method for the communication between the system and mail relay host, and can supply authentication credentials for the mail server if needed. After configuring, you can test the connection.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
||
Step 2 |
Click Email Notification. |
||
Step 3 |
In the Mail Relay Host field, enter the hostname or IP address of the mail server you want to use. The mail host you enter must allow access from the appliance. |
||
Step 4 |
In the Port Number field, enter the port number to use on the email server. Typical ports include:
|
||
Step 5 |
Choose an Encryption Method:
|
||
Step 6 |
In the From Address field, enter the valid email address you want to use as the source email address for messages sent by the appliance. |
||
Step 7 |
Optionally, to supply a user name and password when connecting to the mail server, choose Use Authentication. Enter a user name in the Username field. Enter a password in the Password field. |
||
Step 8 |
To send a test email using the configured mail server, click Test Mail Server Settings. A message appears next to the button indicating the success or failure of the test. |
||
Step 9 |
Click Save. |
You can use the Language page to specify a different language for the web interface.
The language you specify here is used for the web interface for every user. You can choose from:
English
Japanese
To set the language for 7000/8000 series devices, use device platform settings: Set the Language for the 7000/8000 Series Web Interface.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Language. |
Step 3 |
Choose the language you want to use. |
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
You can use the Login Banner page to specify session, login, or custom message banners for a security appliance or shared policy.
You can use ASCII characters and carriage returns to create a custom login banner. The system does not preserve tab spacing. If your login banner is too large or causes errors, Telnet or SSH sessions can fail when the system attempts to display the banner.
To customize login banners for Classic devices, use device platform settings. See Customize the Login Banner for Classic Devices.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Choose Login Banner. |
Step 3 |
In the Custom Login Banner field, enter the login banner text you want to use. |
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
You can enable Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) polling. This feature supports use of versions 1, 2, and 3 of the SNMP protocol. This feature allows access to the standard management information base (MIB), which includes system details such as contact, administrative, location, service information, IP addressing and routing information, and transmission protocol usage statistics.
Note |
When selecting SNMP versions for the SNMP protocol, note that SNMPv2 only supports read-only communities and SNMPv3 only supports read-only users. SNMPv3 also supports encryption with AES128. |
Enabling SNMP polling does not cause the system to send SNMP traps; it only makes the information in the MIBs available for polling by your network management system.
To configure SNMP polling on Classic managed devices, use the device platform settings. See Configure SNMP Polling on Classic Devices.
Add SNMP access for each computer you plan to use to poll the system. See Configure an Access List.
Note |
The SNMP MIB contains information that could be used to attack your deployment. We recommend that you restrict your access list for SNMP access to the specific hosts that will be used to poll for the MIB. We also recommend you use SNMPv3 and use strong passwords for network management access. |
Step 1 |
Choose . |
||
Step 2 |
Click SNMP. |
||
Step 3 |
From the SNMP Version drop-down list, choose the SNMP version you want to use:
|
||
Step 4 |
Enter a Username. |
||
Step 5 |
Choose the protocol you want to use for authentication from the Authentication Protocol drop-down list. |
||
Step 6 |
Enter the password required for authentication with the SNMP server in the Authentication Password field. |
||
Step 7 |
Re-enter the authentication password in the Verify Password field. |
||
Step 8 |
Choose the privacy protocol you want to use from the Privacy Protocol list, or choose None to not use a privacy protocol. |
||
Step 9 |
Enter the SNMP privacy key required by the SNMP server in the Privacy Password field. |
||
Step 10 |
Re-enter the privacy password in the Verify Password field. |
||
Step 11 |
Click Add. |
||
Step 12 |
Click Save. |
Organizations within the United States federal government sometimes need to comply with a series of security checklists set out in Security Technical Implementation Guides (STIGs). Firepower supports compliance with STIG requirements established by the United States Department of Defense.
If you enable STIG compliance on any appliances in your deployment, you must enable it on all appliances. Non-compliant managed devices cannot be registered to STIG-compliant Firepower Management Centers and STIG-compliant devices cannot be registered to non-compliant FMCs.
Enabling STIG compliance does not guarantee strict compliance to all applicable STIGs.
When you enable STIG compliance, password complexity and retention rules for local shell access accounts change. In addition, you cannot use SSH remote storage when in STIG compliance mode.
Caution |
You cannot disable this setting without assistance from Cisco TAC. In addition, this setting may substantially impact the performance of your system. We do not recommend enabling STIG compliance except to comply with Department of Defense security requirements. |
This configuration applies to either a Firepower Management Center or a Classic managed device (7000 and 8000 Series, ASA FirePOWER, and NGIPSv):
For the Firepower Management Center, this configuration is part of the system configuration.
For a Classic managed device, you apply this configuration from the Firepower Management Center as part of a platform settings policy.
In either case, the configuration does not take effect until you save your system configuration changes or deploy the shared platform settings policy.
Caution |
If you enable STIG compliance on any appliances in your deployment, you must enable it on all appliances. You cannot disable this setting without assistance from Support. In addition, this setting may substantially impact the performance of your system. Cisco does not recommend enabling STIG compliance except to comply with Department of Defense security requirements. |
Step 1 |
Depending on whether you are configuring a Firepower Management Center or a Classic managed device:
|
||
Step 2 |
Click STIG Compliance.
|
||
Step 3 |
If you want to permanently enable STIG compliance on the appliance, choose Enable STIG Compliance. |
||
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
Deploy configuration changes; see Deploy Configuration Changes.
If your appliances were updated from versions earlier than Version 5.2.0, enabling STIG compliance regenerates appliance certificates. After you enable STIG compliance across your deployment, re-register managed devices to the Firepower Management Center.
Synchronizing the system time on your Firepower Management Center (FMC) and its managed devices is essential to successful operation of your Firepower System. We recommend that you specify NTP servers during FMC initial configuration, but you can use the information in this section to establish or change time sychronization settings after intial configuration is complete.
Use a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server to synchronize system time on the FMC and all devices.
Caution |
Unintended consequences can occur when time is not synchronized between the FMC and managed devices. |
To synchronize time on FMC and managed devices, see:
Recommended: Synchronize Time on the FMC with an NTP Server
This topic provides instructions for configuring your FMC to synchronize with an NTP server or servers and includes links to instructions on configuring managed devices to synchronize with the same NTP server or servers.
Otherwise: Synchronize Time Without Access to a Network NTP Server
This topic provides instructions for setting the time on your FMC, configuring your FMC to serve as an NTP server, and links to instructions on configuring managed devices to synchronize with the FMC NTP server.
Time synchronization among all of the components of your system is critically important.
The best way to ensure proper time synchronization between FMC and all managed devices is to use an NTP server on your network.
The FMC supports NTPv4.
You must have Admin or Network Admin privileges to do this procedure.
Note the following:
If your FMC and managed devices cannot access a network NTP server, do not use this procedure. Instead, see Synchronize Time Without Access to a Network NTP Server.
Do not specify an untrusted NTP server.
Connections to NTP servers do not use configured proxy settings.
Firepower 4100 Series devices and Firepower 9300 devices cannot use this procedure to set the system time. Instead, configure those devices to use the same NTP server(s) that you configure using this procedure. For instructions, see the documentation for your hardware model.
Caution |
If the FMC is rebooted and your DHCP server sets an NTP server record different than the one you specify here, the DHCP-provided NTP server will be used instead. To avoid this situation, configure your DHCP server to use the same NTP server. |
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Time Synchronization. |
Step 3 |
If Serve Time via NTP is Enabled, choose Disabled to disable the FMC as an NTP server. |
Step 4 |
For the Set My Clock option, choose Via NTP from and enter the hostname or IP address of an NTP server. If your organization has corroborative NTP servers, enter multiple NTP servers as a comma-separated list. |
Step 5 |
Click Save. |
Set managed devices to synchronize with the same NTP server or servers:
Configure device platform settings: Configure NTP Time Synchronization for Threat Defense and Synchronize Time on Classic Devices with an NTP Server.
Deploy configuration changes; see Deploy Configuration Changes.
If your devices cannot directly reach the network NTP server, or your organization does not have a network NTP server, a physical-hardware FMC can serve as an NTP server.
Important |
|
To change the time manually after configuring the FMC as an NTP server, you must disable the NTP option, change the time manually, and then re-enable the NTP option.
Step 1 |
Manually set the system time on the FMC:
|
Step 2 |
Set the FMC to serve as an NTP server:
|
Step 3 |
Set managed devices to synchronize with the FMC NTP server:
For instructions:
|
Your Firepower Management Center and its managed devices are heavily dependent on accurate time. The system clock is a system facility that maintains the time of the Firepower System. The system clock is set to Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), which is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CHANGE THE SYSTEM TIME. Changing the system time zone from UTC is NOT supported, and doing so will require you to reimage the device to recover from an unsupported state.
If you configure the FMC to serve time using NTP, and then later disable it, the NTP service on managed devices still attempts to synchronize time with the FMC. You must update and redeploy any applicable platform settings policies to establish a new time source.
To change the time manually after configuring the Firepower Management Center as an NTP server, you must disable the NTP option, change the time manually, and then re-enable the NTP option.
Time settings are displayed on most pages in local time using the time zone you set on the Time Zone page in User Preferences (the default is America/New York), but are stored on the appliance using UTC time.
Restriction |
The Time Zone function (in User Preferences) assumes that the default system clock is set to UTC time. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CHANGE THE SYSTEM TIME. Be advised that changing the system time from UTC is NOT supported, and doing so will require you to reimage the device to recover from an unsupported state. |
Note |
To view time and time source information on your 7000- and 8000-Series hardware device, see View System Time for 7000/8000 Series Devices. |
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Time. The current time is displayed using the time zone specified for your account in User Preferences. If your appliance uses an NTP server: For information about the table entries, see NTP Server Status. |
If you are synchronizing time from an NTP server, you can view connection status on the Time page (choose System > Configuration).
Column |
Description |
---|---|
NTP Server |
The IP address or name of the configured NTP server. |
Status |
The status of the NTP server time synchronization:
|
Offset |
The number of milliseconds of difference between the time on the appliance and the configured NTP server. Negative values indicate that the appliance is behind the NTP server, and positive values indicate that it is ahead. |
Last Update |
The number of seconds that have elapsed since the time was last synchronized with the NTP server. The NTP daemon automatically adjusts the synchronization times based on a number of conditions. For example, if you see larger update times such as 300 seconds, that indicates that the time is relatively stable and the NTP daemon has determined that it does not need to use a lower update increment. |
Unattended login sessions may be security risks. You can configure the amount of idle time before a user’s login session times out due to inactivity.
Note that you can exempt specific web interface users from timeout, for scenarios where you plan to passively, securely monitor the system for long periods of time. Users with the Administrator role, whose complete access to menu options poses an extra risk if compromised, cannot be made exempt from session timeouts.
To configure session timeouts for Classic devices, use device platform settings. See Configure Session Timeouts for Classic Devices.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Shell Timeout. |
Step 3 |
Configure session timeouts:
|
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
The Firepower System automatically maps vulnerabilities to a host IP address for any application protocol traffic received or sent from that address, when the server has an application ID in the discovery event database and the packet header for the traffic includes a vendor and version.
For any servers which do not include vendor or version information in their packets, you can configure whether the system associates vulnerabilities with server traffic for these vendor and versionless servers.
For example, a host serves SMTP traffic that does not have a vendor or version in the header. If you enable the SMTP server on the Vulnerability Mapping page of a system configuration, then save that configuration to the Firepower Management Center managing the device that detects the traffic, all vulnerabilities associated with SMTP servers are added to the host profile for the host.
Although detectors collect server information and add it to host profiles, the application protocol detectors will not be used for vulnerability mapping, because you cannot specify a vendor or version for a custom application protocol detector and cannot select the server for vulnerability mapping.
This procedure requires any Smart License or the Protection classic license.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
||
Step 2 |
Choose Vulnerability Mapping. |
||
Step 3 |
You have the following choices:
|
||
Step 4 |
Click Save. |
You can use a Linux system console for remote access on supported systems via either the VGA port (which is the default) or the serial port on the physical appliance. Use the Console Configuration page to choose the option most suitable to the physical layout of your organization’s Firepower deployment.
On supported physical-hardware-based
Firepower systems, you can use Lights-Out Management (LOM) on a Serial Over LAN (SOL)
connection on the default (eth0
) management
interface to remotely monitor or manage the system without logging into the management
interface of the system. You can perform limited tasks, such as viewing the chassis
serial number or monitoring such conditions as fan speed and temperature, using a
command line interface on an out-of-band management connection. For information about
the cable connection to support LOM, see the Firepower Management Center Getting
Started Guide for your hardware model.
You must enable LOM for both the system and the user you want to manage the system. After you enable the system and the user, you use a third-party Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) utility to access and manage your system.
You must be an Admin user to perform this procedure.
Disable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) on any third-party switching equipment connected to the device’s management interface.
If you plan to enable Lights-Out Management see the Getting Started Guide for your appliance for information about installing and using an Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) utility.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click Console Configuration. |
Step 3 |
Click Save. |
Step 4 |
The system displays the following warning: "You will have to reboot your system for these changes to take effect." Click OK to reboot now or Cancel to reboot later. |
If you configured serial access, be sure the rear-panel serial port is connected to a local computer, terminal server, or other device that can support remote serial access over ethernet as described in the Getting Started Guide for your FMC model.
If you configured Lights-Out Management, enable a Lights-Out Management user; see Lights-Out Management User Access Configuration.
You must explicitly grant Lights-Out Management permissions to users who will use the feature. LOM users also have the following restrictions:
You must assign the Administrator role to the user.
The username may have up to 16 alphanumeric characters. Hyphens and longer user names are not supported for LOM users.
A user’s LOM password is the same as that user’s system password. Cisco recommends that you use a complex, non-dictionary-based password of the maximum supported length for your appliance and change it every three months.
If LOM is enabled on a Firepower 7110, 7115, 7120, or 7125 device, the password may have up to 16 alphanumeric characters.
Physical Firepower Management Centers and 8000 Series devices can have up to 13 LOM users. 7000 Series devices can have up to eight LOM users.
Note that if you deactivate, then reactivate, a user with LOM while a
that user is logged in, or restore a user from a backup during that user’s login
session, that user may need to log back into the web interface to regain access to
impitool
commands.
You must be an Admin user to perform this procedure.
You configure LOM and LOM users on a per-system basis using each system’s local web interface. You cannot use the Firepower Management Center to configure LOM on a managed device. Similarly, because users are managed independently per appliance, enabling or creating a LOM-enabled user on the Firepower Management Center does not transfer that capability to users on managed devices.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
To grant LOM user access to an existing user, click Edit () next to a user name in the list. |
Step 3 |
Under User Configuration, enable the Administrator role. |
Step 4 |
Check the Allow Lights-Out Management Access check box. |
Step 5 |
Click Save. |
You use a third-party IPMI utility on your computer to create a Serial Over LAN connection to the appliance. If your computer uses a Linux-like or Mac environment, use IPMItool; for Windows environments, you can use IPMIutil or IPMItool, depending on your Windows version.
Note |
Cisco recommends using IPMItool version 1.8.12 or greater. |
IPMItool is standard with many distributions and is ready to use.
You must install IPMItool on a Mac. First, confirm that your Mac has Apple's XCode Developer tools installed, making sure that the optional components for command line development are installed (UNIX Development and System Tools in newer versions, or Command Line Support in older versions). Then you can install macports and the IPMItool. Use your favorite search engine for more information or try these sites:
https://developer.apple.com/technologies/tools/
http://www.macports.org/
http://github.com/ipmitool/ipmitool/
For Windows Versions 10 and greater with Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) enabled, as well as some older versions of Windows Server, you can use IPMItool. Otherwise, you must compile IPMIutil on your Windows system; you can use IPMIutil itself to compile. Use your favorite search engine for more information or try this site:
http://ipmiutil.sourceforge.net/man.html#ipmiutil
Commands used for IPMI utilities are composed of segments as in the following example for IPMItool on Mac:
ipmitool -I lanplus -H
IP_address
-U
user_name
command
where:
ipmitool
invokes the utility.
-I lanplus
specifies to use an
encrypted IPMI v2.0 RMCP+ LAN Interface for the session.
-H
IP_address
indicates the IP address you have
configured for Lights-Out Management on the appliance you want to
access.
-U
user_name
is the name of an authorized remote
session user.
command
is the name of the command you want to
use.
Note |
Cisco recommends using IPMItool version 1.8.12 or greater. |
The same command for IMPIutil on Windows looks like this:
ipmiutil
command -V 4 -J 3 -N
IP_address
-U
user_name
This command connects you to the command line on the appliance where you can log in as if you were physically present at the appliance. You may be prompted to enter a password.
You must be an Admin user with LOM access to perform this procedure.
Using IPMItool, enter the following command, and a password if prompted:
|
You must be an Admin user with LOM access to perform this procedure.
Using IPMIutil, enter the following command, and a password if prompted:
|
Lights-Out Management (LOM) provides the ability to perform a limited set of actions over an SOL connection on the default
(eth0
) management interface without the need to log into the system. You use the command to create a SOL connection followed by
one of the LOM commands. After the command is completed, the connection ends. Note that not all power control commands are valid on 70xx Family devices.
Note |
The baseboard management controller (BMC) for a Firepower 71xx, Firepower 82xx, or a Firepower 83xx device is only accessible via 1 Gbps link speeds when the host is powered on. When the device is powered down, the BMC can only establish Ethernet link at 10 and 100 Mbps. Therefore if LOM is being used to remotely power the device, connect the device to the network using 10 and 100 Mbps link speeds only. |
Caution |
In rare cases, if your computer is on a different subnet than the system's management interface and the system is configured for DHCP, attempting to access LOM features can fail. If this occurs, you can either disable and then re-enable LOM on the system, or use a computer on the same subnet as the system to ping its management interface. You should then be able to use LOM. |
Caution |
Cisco is aware of a vulnerability inherent in the Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) standard (CVE-2013-4786). Enabling Lights-Out Management (LOM) on an system exposes this vulnerability. To mitigate this vulnerability, deploy your systems on a secure management network accessible only to trusted users and use a complex, non-dictionary-based password of the maximum supported length for your system and change it every three months. To prevent exposure to this vulnerability, do not enable LOM. |
If all attempts to access your system have failed, you can use LOM to restart your system remotely. Note that if a system is restarted while the SOL connection is active, the LOM session may disconnect or time out.
Caution |
Do not restart your system unless it does not respond to any other attempts to restart. Remotely restarting does not gracefully reboot the system and you may lose data. |
IPMItool |
IPMIutil |
Description |
---|---|---|
(not applicable) |
|
Enables admin privileges for the IPMI session |
|
|
Enables encryption for the IPMI session |
|
|
Indicates the LOM IP address or hostname for the FMC |
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Indicates the username of an authorized LOM account |
|
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Starts the SOL session |
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Ends the SOL session |
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Restarts the appliance (not valid on 70xx Family devices) |
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Powers up the appliance |
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Powers down the appliance (not valid on 70xx Family devices) |
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Displays appliance information, such as fan speeds and temperatures |
For example, to display a list of appliance information, the IPMItool command is:
ipmitool -I lanplus -H
IP_address -U
user_name sdr
Note |
Cisco recommends using IPMItool version 1.8.12 or greater. |
The same command with the IPMIutil utility is:
ipmiutil sensor -V 4 -J 3 -N
IP_address -U
user_name
You must be an Admin user with LOM access to perform this procedure.
Enter the following command for IPMItool and a password if prompted:
|
You must be an Admin user with LOM access to perform this procedure.
Enter the following command for IPMIutil and a password if prompted:
|
VMware Tools is a suite of performance-enhancing utilities intended for virtual machines. These utilities allow you to make full use of the convenient features of VMware products. Firepower virtual appliances running on VMware support the following plugins:
guestInfo
powerOps
timeSync
vmbackup
You can also enable VMware Tools on all supported versions of ESXi. For a list of supported versions, see the Cisco Firepower NGIPSv Quick Start Guide for VMware. For information on the full functionality of VMware Tools, see the VMware website (http://www.vmware.com/).
Smart License |
Classic License |
Supported Devices |
Supported Domains |
Access |
---|---|---|---|---|
Any |
Any |
Firepower Management Center |
Global only |
Admin |
Because NGIPSv does not have a web interface, you must use the CLI to enable VMware Tools on that platform; see the Cisco Firepower NGIPSv Quick Start Guide for VMware.
Step 1 |
Choose . |
Step 2 |
Click VMware Tools. |
Step 3 |
Click Enable VMware Tools. |
Step 4 |
Click Save. |