Configuring Security Features

This chapter provides an overview of authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA), which is the primary Cisco framework for implementing selected security features that can be configured on the Cisco 860 and Cisco 880 series Integrated Services Routers (ISRs).

This chapter contains the following sections:

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

AAA network security services provide the primary framework through which you set up access control on your router. Authentication provides the method of identifying users, including login and password dialog, challenge and response, messaging support, and depending on the security protocol you choose, encryption. Authorization provides the method for remote access control, including one-time authorization or authorization for each service; per-user account list and profile; user group support; and support of IP, Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), AppleTalk Remote Access (ARA), and Telnet. Accounting provides the method for collecting and sending security server information used for billing, auditing, and reporting, such as user identities, start and stop times, executed commands (such as PPP), number of packets, and number of bytes.

AAA uses protocols such as RADIUS, TACACS+, or Kerberos to administer its security functions. If your router is acting as a network access server, AAA is the means through which you establish communication between your network access server and your RADIUS, TACACS+, or Kerberos security server.

For information about configuring AAA services and supported security protocols, see the following sections of http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_user_services/​configuration/​guide/​12_4T/​sec_​securing_​user_​services_​12.4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing User Services, Release 12.4T :

  • Configuring Authentication
  • Configuring Authorization
  • Configuring Accounting
  • RADIUS and TACACS + Attributes
  • Configuring Kerberos

Configuring AutoSecure

The AutoSecure feature disables common IP services that can be exploited for network attacks and enables IP services and features that can aid in the defense of a network when under attack. These IP services are all disabled and enabled simultaneously with a single command, which simplifies security configuration on your router. For a complete description of the AutoSecure feature, see AutoSecure .

Configuring Access Lists

Access lists permit or deny network traffic over an interface based on source IP address, destination IP address, or protocol. Access lists are configured as standard or extended. A standard access list either permits or denies passage of packets from a designated source. An extended access list allows designation of both the destination and the source, and it allows designation of individual protocols to be permitted or denied passage.

For more complete information on creating access lists, see the “Access Control Lists (ACLs)” section in http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​12_4t/​sec_​data_​plane_​12_​4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing the Data Plane, Release 12.4T.

An access list is a series of commands with a common tag to bind them together. The tag is either a number or a name. Table below lists the commands used to configure access lists.

Table 1 Access List Configuration Commands

ACL Type

Configuration Commands

Numbered

Standard

access-list 1-99}{permit | deny} source-addr [source-mask]

Extended

access-list 100-199}{permit | deny} protocol source-addr [source-mask] destination-addr [destination-mask]

Named

Standard

ip access-list standard name deny {source | source-wildcard | any}

Extended

ip access-list extended name {permit | deny} protocol {source-addr[source-mask] | any}{destination-addr [destination-mask] | any}

To create, refine, and manage access lists, see the “Access Control Lists (ACLs)” section in http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​12_4t/​sec_​data_​plane_​12_​4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing the Data Plane, Release 12.4T :

  • Creating an IP Access List and Applying It to an Interface
  • Creating an IP Access List to Filter IP Options, TCP Flags, Noncontiguous Ports, or TTL Values
  • Refining an IP Access List
  • Displaying and Clearing IP Access List Data Using ACL Manageability

Access Groups

An access group is a sequence of access list definitions bound together with a common name or number. This group is enabled for an interface during interface configuration. Use the following guidelines when creating access groups.

  • The order of access list definitions is significant. A packet is compared against the first access list in the sequence. If there is no match (that is, if neither a permit nor a deny occurs), the packet is compared with the next access list, and so on.
  • All parameters must match the access list before the packet is permitted or denied.
  • There is an implicit “deny all” at the end of all sequences.

For information on configuring and managing access groups, see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​12_4t/​sec_​data_​plane_​12_​4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing the Data Plane, Release 12.4T.

Configuring Cisco IOS Firewall

The Cisco IOS Firewall lets you configure a stateful firewall in which packets are inspected internally and the state of network connections is monitored. A stateful firewall is superior to static access lists because access lists can only permit or deny traffic based on individual packets, not based on streams of packets. Also, because Cisco IOS Firewall inspects the packets, decisions to permit or deny traffic can be made by examining application layer data, which static access lists cannot examine.

To configure a Cisco IOS Firewall, specify which protocols to examine by using the following command in interface configuration mode:

ip inspect name inspection-name protocol timeout seconds

When inspection detects that the specified protocol is passing through the firewall, a dynamic access list is created to allow the passage of return traffic. The timeout parameter specifies the length of time the dynamic access list remains active without return traffic passing through the router. When the timeout value is reached, the dynamic access list is removed, and subsequent packets (possibly valid ones) are not permitted.

Use the same inspection name in multiple statements to group them into one set of rules. This set of rules can be activated elsewhere in the configuration by using the ip inspect inspection-name {in | out} command when you configure an interface at the firewall.

For additional information about configuring a Cisco IOS Firewall, see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​12_4t/​sec_​data_​plane_​12_​4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing the Data Plane, Release 12.4T .

The Cisco IOS Firewall may also be configured to provide voice security in Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) applications. SIP inspection provides basic inspect functionality (SIP packet inspection and detection of pin-hole openings), as well protocol conformance and application security. For more information, see Cisco IOS Firewall: SIP Enhancements: ALG and AIC .

Configuring Cisco IOS IPS

Cisco IOS Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) technology is available on Cisco 880 series ISRs and enhances perimeter firewall protection by taking appropriate action on packets and flows that violate the security policy or represent malicious network activity.

Cisco IOS IPS identifies attacks using “signatures” to detect patterns of misuse in network traffic. Cisco IOS IPS acts as an in-line intrusion detection sensor, watching packets and sessions as they flow through the router, scanning each to match known IPS signatures. When Cisco IOS IPS detects suspicious activity, it responds before network security can be compromised, it logs the event, and, depending on configuration, it does one of the following:

  • Sends an alarm
  • Drops suspicious packets
  • Resets the connection
  • Denies traffic from the source IP address of the attacker for a specified amount of time
  • Denies traffic on the connection for which the signature was seen for a specified amount of time

For additional information about configuring Cisco IOS IPS, see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​12_4t/​sec_​data_​plane_​12_​4t_​book.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing the Data Plane, Release 12.4T .

URL Filtering

Cisco 860 series and Cisco 880 series ISRs provide category based URL filtering. The user provisions URL filtering on the ISR by selecting categories of websites to be permitted or blocked. An external server, maintained by a third party, is used to check for URLs in each category. Permit and deny policies are maintained on the ISR. The service is subscription based, and the URLs in each category are maintained by the third-party vendor.

For additional information about configuring URL filtering, see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​en/​US/​docs/​ios/​sec_data_plane/​configuration/​guide/​sec_​url_​filtering.html Subscription-based Cisco IOS Content Filtering guide .

Configuring VPN

A VPN connection provides a secure connection between two networks over a public network such as the Internet. Cisco 860 and Cisco 880 series ISRs support two types of VPNs; site-to-site and remote access. Site-to-site VPNs are used to connect branch offices to corporate offices, for example. Remote access VPNs are used by remote clients to log into a corporate network. Two examples are given in this section: remote access VPN and site-to-site VPN.

Remote Access VPN

The configuration of a remote access VPN uses Cisco Easy VPN and an IP Security (IPSec) tunnel to configure and secure the connection between the remote client and the corporate network. Figure below shows a typical deployment scenario.

Figure 1. Remote Access VPN Using IPSec Tunnel

1

Remote networked users

2

VPN client—Cisco 880 series access router

3

Router—Providing the corporate office network access

4

VPN server—Easy VPN server; for example, a Cisco VPN 3000 concentrator with outside interface address 210.110.101.1

5

Corporate office with a network address of 10.1.1.1

6

IPSec tunnel

The Cisco Easy VPN client feature eliminates much of the tedious configuration work by implementing the Cisco Unity Client protocol. This protocol allows most VPN parameters, such as internal IP addresses, internal subnet masks, DHCP server addresses, Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) server addresses, and split-tunneling flags to be defined at a VPN server, such as a Cisco VPN 3000 series concentrator that is acting as an IPSec server.

A Cisco Easy VPN server-enabled device can terminate VPN tunnels initiated by mobile and remote workers who are running Cisco Easy VPN Remote software on PCs. Cisco Easy VPN server-enabled devices allow remote routers to act as Cisco Easy VPN Remote nodes.

The Cisco Easy VPN client feature can be configured in one of two modes: client mode or network extension mode. Client mode is the default configuration and allows only devices at the client site to access resources at the central site. Resources at the client site are unavailable to the central site. Network extension mode allows users at the central site (where the VPN 3000 series concentrator is located) to access network resources on the client site.

After the IPSec server has been configured, a VPN connection can be created with minimal configuration on an IPSec client, such as a supported Cisco 880 series ISR. When the IPSec client initiates the VPN tunnel connection, the IPSec server pushes the IPSec policies to the IPSec client and creates the corresponding VPN tunnel connection.


Note
The Cisco Easy VPN client feature supports configuration of only one destination peer. If your application requires creation of multiple VPN tunnels, you must manually configure the IPSec VPN and Network Address Translation/Peer Address Translation (NAT/PAT) parameters on both the client and the server.

Cisco 860 and Cisco 880 series ISRs can also be configured to act as Cisco Easy VPN servers, letting authorized Cisco Easy VPN clients establish dynamic VPN tunnels to the connected network. For information on the configuration of Cisco Easy VPN servers see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​c/​en/​us/​support/​docs/​cloud-systems-management/​configuration-professional/​112037-easyvpn-router-config-ccp-00.html.

Site-to-Site VPN

The configuration of a site-to-site VPN uses IPSec and the generic routing encapsulation (GRE) protocol to secure the connection between the branch office and the corporate network. Figure below shows a typical deployment scenario.

Figure 2. Site-to-Site VPN Using an IPSec Tunnel and GRE

1

Branch office containing multiple LANs and VLANs

2

Fast Ethernet LAN interface—With address 192.165.0.0/16 (also the inside interface for NAT)

3

VPN client—Cisco 860 or Cisco 880 series ISR

4

Fast Ethernet or ATM interface—With address 200.1.1.1 (also the outside interface for NAT)

5

LAN interface—Connects to the Internet; with outside interface address of 210.110.101.1

6

VPN client—Another router, which controls access to the corporate network

7

LAN interface—Connects to the corporate network, with inside interface address of 10.1.1.1

8

Corporate office network

9

IPSec tunnel with GRE

For more information about IPSec and GRE configuration, see http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​c/​en/​us/​td/​docs/​ios-xml/​ios/​security/​config_library/​12-4t/​secon-12-4t-library.html Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Secure Connectivity, Release 12.4T .

Configuration Examples

Each example configures a VPN over an IPSec tunnel, using the procedure given in the Configuring a VPN over an IPSec Tunnel. The specific procedure for a remote access configuration is given, followed by the specific procedure for a site-to-site configuration.

The examples shown in this chapter apply only to the endpoint configuration on the Cisco 860 and Cisco 880 ISRs. Any VPN connection requires both endpoints be configured properly to function. See the software configuration documentation as needed to configure the VPN for other router models.

VPN configuration information must be configured on both endpoints. You must specify parameters, such as internal IP addresses, internal subnet masks, DHCP server addresses, and Network Address Translation (NAT).

Configuring a VPN over an IPSec Tunnel

Perform the following tasks to configure a VPN over an IPSec tunnel:

Configuring the IKE Policy

To configure the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) policy, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

SUMMARY STEPS

    1.    crypto isakmp policy priority

    2.    encryption {des | 3des | aes | aes 192 | aes 256}

    3.    hash {md5 | sha}

    4.    authentication {rsa-sig | rsa-encr | pre-share}

    5.    group {1 | 2 | 5}

    6.    lifetime seconds

    7.    exit


DETAILED STEPS
     Command or ActionPurpose
    Step 1crypto isakmp policy priority


    Example: 
    Router(config)# crypto isakmp policy 1
     

    Creates an IKE policy that is used during IKE negotiation. The priority is a number from 1 to 10000, with 1 being the highest.

    Also enters the Internet Security Association Key and Management Protocol (ISAKMP) policy configuration mode.

     
    Step 2encryption {des | 3des | aes | aes 192 | aes 256}


    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# encryption 3des
     

    Specifies the encryption algorithm used in the IKE policy.

    The example specifies 168-bit data encryption standard (DES).

     
    Step 3hash {md5 | sha}


    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# hash md5
     

    Specifies the hash algorithm used in the IKE policy.

    The example specifies the Message Digest 5 (MD5) algorithm. The default is Secure Hash standard (SHA-1).

     
    Step 4authentication {rsa-sig | rsa-encr | pre-share}

    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# authentication pre-share
     

    Specifies the authentication method used in the IKE policy.

    The example specifies a pre-shared key.

     
    Step 5group {1 | 2 | 5}

    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# group 2
     

    Specifies the Diffie-Hellman group to be used in an IKE policy.

     
    Step 6 lifetime seconds

    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# lifetime 480
     

    Specifies the lifetime, in seconds, for an IKE security association (SA).

    Acceptable values are from 60 to 86400.

     
    Step 7 exit

    Example: 
    Router(config-isakmp)# exit
     

    Exits ISAKMP policy configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

     

    Configuring Group Policy Information

    To configure the group policy, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

    SUMMARY STEPS

      1.    crypto isakmp client configuration group {group-name | default}

      2.    key name

      3.    dns primary-server

      4.    domain name

      5.    exit

      6.    ip local pool {default | poolname} [low-ip-address [high-ip-address]]


    DETAILED STEPS
       Command or ActionPurpose
      Step 1crypto isakmp client configuration group {group-name | default}

      Example: 
      Router(config)# crypto isakmp client configuration group rtr-remote
       

      Creates an IKE policy group containing attributes to be downloaded to the remote client.

      Also enters the Internet Security Association Key and Management Protocol (ISAKMP) group policy configuration mode.

       
      Step 2key name


      Example: 
      Router(config-isakmp-group)# key secret-password
       

      Specifies the IKE pre-shared key for the group policy.

       
      Step 3dns primary-server


      Example: 
      Router(config-isakmp-group)# dns 10.50.10.1
       

      Specifies the primary Domain Name System (DNS) server for the group.

      Note    To specify Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) servers for the group, use the wins command.
       
      Step 4domain name


      Example: 
      Router(config-isakmp-group)# domain company.com
       

      Specifies group domain membership.

       
      Step 5exit


      Example: 
      Router(config-isakmp-group)# exit
Router(config)#
       

      Exits ISAKMP group policy configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

       
      Step 6ip local pool {default | poolname} [low-ip-address [high-ip-address]]

      Example: 
      Router(config)# ip local pool dynpool 30.30.30.20 30.30.30.30
       

      Specifies a local address pool for the group.

      For details about this command and additional parameters that can be set, see Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Command Reference .

       

      Applying Mode Configuration to the Crypto Map

      To apply mode configuration to the crypto map, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

      SUMMARY STEPS

        1.    crypto map map-name isakmp authorization list list-name

        2.    crypto map tag client configuration address [initiate | respond]


      DETAILED STEPS
         Command or ActionPurpose
        Step 1crypto map map-name isakmp authorization list list-name


        Example: 
        Router(config)# crypto map dynmap isakmp authorization list rtr-remote
         

        Applies mode configuration to the crypto map and enables key lookup (IKE queries) for the group policy from an authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server.

         
        Step 2crypto map tag client configuration address [initiate | respond]


        Example: 
        Router(config)# crypto map dynmap client configuration address respond
         

        Configures the router to reply to mode configuration requests from remote clients.

         

        Enabling Policy Lookup

        To enable policy lookup through AAA, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

        SUMMARY STEPS

          1.    aaa new-model

          2.    aaa authentication login {default | list-name} method1 [method2...]

          3.    aaa authorization {network | exec | commands level | reverse-access | configuration} {default | list-name} [method1 [method2...]]

          4.    username name {nopassword | password password | password encryption-type encrypted-password}


        DETAILED STEPS
           Command or ActionPurpose
          Step 1aaa new-model


          Example: 
          Router(config)# aaa new-model
           

          Enables the AAA access control model.

           
          Step 2aaa authentication login {default | list-name} method1 [method2...]


          Example: 
          Router(config)# aaa authentication login rtr-remote local
           

          Specifies AAA authentication of selected users at login, and specifies the method used.

          • This example uses a local authentication database.
          Note    You could also use a RADIUS server. For details, see Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing User Services, Release 12.4T and Cisco IOS Security Command Reference .
           
          Step 3aaa authorization {network | exec | commands level | reverse-access | configuration} {default | list-name} [method1 [method2...]]


          Example: 
          Router(config)# aaa authorization network rtr-remote local
           

          Specifies AAA authorization of all network-related service requests, including PPP, and specifies the method of authorization.

          • This example uses a local authorization database.
          Note    You could also use a RADIUS server. For details, see Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Securing User Services, Release 12.4T and Cisco IOS Security Command Reference .
           
          Step 4username name {nopassword | password password | password encryption-type encrypted-password}


          Example: 
          Router(config)# username username1 password 0 password1
           

          Establishes a username-based authentication system.

           

          Configuring IPSec Transforms and Protocols

          A transform set represents a certain combination of security protocols and algorithms. During IKE negotiation, the peers agree to use a particular transform set for protecting data flow.

          During IKE negotiations, the peers search in multiple transform sets for a transform that is the same at both peers. When a transform set is found that contains such a transform, it is selected and applied to the protected traffic as a part of both configurations.

          To specify the IPSec transform set and protocols, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

          SUMMARY STEPS

            1.    crypto ipsec profile profile-name

            2.    crypto ipsec transform-set transform-set-name transform1 [transform2] [transform3] [transform4]

            3.    crypto ipsec security-association lifetime {seconds seconds | kilobytes kilobytes}


          DETAILED STEPS
             Command or ActionPurpose
            Step 1crypto ipsec profile profile-name


            Example: 
            Router(config)# crypto ipsec profile pro1
             

            Configures IPSec profile to apply protection on the tunnel for encryption.

             
            Step 2crypto ipsec transform-set transform-set-name transform1 [transform2] [transform3] [transform4]


            Example: 
            Router(config)# crypto ipsec transform-set vpn1 esp-3des esp-sha-hmac
             

            Defines a transform set—an acceptable combination of IPSec security protocols and algorithms.

            See Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide: Secure Connectivity, Release 12.4T for details about the valid transforms and combinations.

             
            Step 3crypto ipsec security-association lifetime {seconds seconds | kilobytes kilobytes}


            Example: 
            Router(config)# crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 86400
             

            Specifies global lifetime values used when IPSec security associations are negotiated.

             

            Configuring the IPSec Crypto Method and Parameters

            A dynamic crypto map policy processes negotiation requests for new security associations from remote IPSec peers, even if the router does not know all the crypto map parameters (for example, IP address).

            To configure the IPSec crypto method, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

            SUMMARY STEPS

              1.    crypto dynamic-map dynamic-map-name dynamic-seq-num

              2.    set transform-set transform-set-name [transform-set-name2...transform-set-name6]

              3.    reverse-route

              4.    exit

              5.    crypto map map-name seq-num [ipsec-isakmp] [dynamic dynamic-map-name] [discover] [profile profile-name]


            DETAILED STEPS
               Command or ActionPurpose
              Step 1crypto dynamic-map dynamic-map-name dynamic-seq-num


              Example: 
              Router(config)# crypto dynamic-map dynmap 1
               

              Creates a dynamic crypto map entry and enters crypto map configuration mode.

              See Cisco IOS Security Command Reference for more details about this command.

               
              Step 2set transform-set transform-set-name [transform-set-name2...transform-set-name6]


              Example: 
              Router(config-crypto-map)# set transform-set vpn1
               

              Specifies which transform sets can be used with the crypto map entry.

               
              Step 3reverse-route


              Example: 
              Router(config-crypto-map)# reverse-route
               

              Creates source proxy information for the crypto map entry.

              See Cisco IOS Security Command Reference for details.

               
              Step 4exit


              Example: 
              Router(config-crypto-map)# exit
               

              Exits crypto map configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

               
              Step 5crypto map map-name seq-num [ipsec-isakmp] [dynamic dynamic-map-name] [discover] [profile profile-name]


              Example: 
              Router(config)# crypto map static-map 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap
               

              Creates a crypto map profile.

               

              Applying the Crypto Map to the Physical Interface

              The crypto maps must be applied to each interface through which IPSec traffic flows. Applying the crypto map to the physical interface instructs the router to evaluate all the traffic against the security associations database. With the default configurations, the router provides secure connectivity by encrypting the traffic sent between remote sites. However, the public interface still allows the rest of the traffic to pass and provides connectivity to the Internet.

              To apply a crypto map to an interface, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

              SUMMARY STEPS

                1.    interface type number

                2.    crypto map map-name

                3.    exit


              DETAILED STEPS
                 Command or ActionPurpose
                Step 1interface type number


                Example: 
                Router(config)# interface fastethernet 4
                 

                Enters the interface configuration mode for the interface to which the crypto map will be applied.

                 
                Step 2crypto map map-name


                Example: 
                Router(config-if)# crypto map static-map
                 

                Applies the crypto map to the interface.

                 
                Step 3exit


                Example: 
                Router(config-crypto-map)# exit
Router(config)#
                 

                Exits interface configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

                 
                What to Do Next

                Where to Go Next

                If you are creating a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration, go to the Creating a Cisco Easy VPN Remote Configuration.

                If you are creating a site-to-site VPN using IPSec tunnels and GRE, go to the Configuring a Site-to-Site GRE Tunnel.

                Creating a Cisco Easy VPN Remote Configuration

                The router acting as the Cisco Easy VPN client must create a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration and assign it to the outgoing interface.

                To create the remote configuration, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

                SUMMARY STEPS

                  1.    crypto ipsec client ezvpn name

                  2.    group group-name key group-key

                  3.    peer {ipaddress | hostname}

                  4.    mode {client | network-extension | network extension plus}

                  5.    exit

                  6.    crypto isakmp keepalive seconds

                  7.    interface type number

                  8.    crypto ipsec client ezvpn name [outside | inside]

                  9.    exit


                DETAILED STEPS
                   Command or ActionPurpose
                  Step 1crypto ipsec client ezvpn name


                  Example: 
                  Router(config)# crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpnclient
                   

                  Creates a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration, and enters Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration mode.

                   
                  Step 2group group-name key group-key


                  Example: 
                  Router(config-crypto-ezvpn)# group ezvpnclient key secret-password
                   

                  Specifies the IPSec group and IPSec key value for the VPN connection.

                   
                  Step 3peer {ipaddress | hostname}


                  Example: 
                  Router(config-crypto-ezvpn)# peer 192.168.100.1
                   

                  Specifies the peer IP address or hostname for the VPN connection.

                  • A hostname can be specified only when the router has a DNS server available for hostname resolution.
                  Note    Use this command to configure multiple peers for use as backup. If one peer goes down, the Easy VPN tunnel is established with the second available peer. When the primary peer comes up again, the tunnel is reestablished with the primary peer.
                   
                  Step 4mode {client | network-extension | network extension plus}

                  Example: 
                  Router(config-crypto-ezvpn)# mode client
                   

                  Specifies the VPN mode of operation.

                   
                  Step 5exit


                  Example: 
                  Router(config-crypto-ezvpn)# exit
                   

                  Exits Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

                   
                  Step 6crypto isakmp keepalive seconds


                  Example: 
                  Router(config)# crypto isakmp keepalive 10
                   

                  Enables dead peer detection messages.

                  • seconds—Sets the time between messages. The range is from 10 to 3600.
                   
                  Step 7interface type number


                  Example: 
                  Router(config)# interface fastethernet 4
                   

                  Enters the interface configuration mode for the interface to which the Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration will be applied.

                  Note    For routers with an ATM WAN interface, this command would be interface atm 0.
                   
                  Step 8crypto ipsec client ezvpn name [outside | inside]


                  Example: 
                  Router(config-if)# crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpnclient outside
                   

                  Assigns the Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration to the WAN interface.

                  • This command causes the router to automatically create the NAT or port address translation (PAT) and access list configuration needed for the VPN connection.
                   
                  Step 9exit


                  Example: 
                  Router(config-crypto-ezvpn)# exit
                   

                  Exits interface configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

                   
                  What to Do Next

                  Configuration Example

                  The following configuration example shows a portion of the configuration file for the VPN and IPSec tunnel described in this chapter. 

                  !
aaa new-model
!
aaa authentication login rtr-remote local
aaa authorization network rtr-remote local
aaa session-id common
!
username Cisco password 0 Cisco
!
crypto isakmp policy 1
	encryption 3des
	authentication pre-share
	group 2
	lifetime 480
!
crypto isakmp client configuration group rtr-remote
	key secret-password
	dns 10.50.10.1 10.60.10.1
	domain company.com
	pool dynpool
!
crypto ipsec transform-set vpn1 esp-3des esp-sha-hmac
!
crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 86400
!
crypto dynamic-map dynmap 1
	set transform-set vpn1
	reverse-route
!
crypto map static-map 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap
crypto map dynmap isakmp authorization list rtr-remote
crypto map dynmap client configuration address respond
crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpnclient
	connect auto
	group 2 key secret-password
	mode client
	peer 192.168.100.1
!
interface fastethernet 4
	crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpnclient outside
	crypto map static-map
!
interface vlan 1
	crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpnclient inside
!

                  Configuring a Site-to-Site GRE Tunnel

                  To configure a GRE tunnel, perform these steps, beginning in global configuration mode:

                  SUMMARY STEPS

                    1.    interface type number

                    2.    ip address ip-address mask

                    3.    tunnel source interface-type number

                    4.    tunnel destination default-gateway-ip-address

                    5.    crypto map map-name

                    6.    exit

                    7.    ip access-list {standard | extended}access-list-name

                    8.    permit protocol source source-wildcard destination destination-wildcard

                    9.    exit


                  DETAILED STEPS
                     Command or ActionPurpose
                    Step 1interface type number


                    Example: 
                    Router(config)# interface tunnel 1
                     

                    Creates a tunnel interface and enters interface configuration mode.

                     
                    Step 2ip address ip-address mask


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-if)# 10.62.1.193 255.255.255.252
                     

                    Assigns an address to the tunnel.

                     
                    Step 3tunnel source interface-type number


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-if)# tunnel source fastethernet 0
                     

                    Specifies the source endpoint of the router for the GRE tunnel.

                     
                    Step 4tunnel destination default-gateway-ip-address


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-if)# tunnel destination 192.168.101.1
                     

                    Specifies the destination endpoint of the router for the GRE tunnel.

                     
                    Step 5crypto map map-name


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-if)# crypto map static-map
                     

                    Assigns a crypto map to the tunnel.

                    Note    Dynamic routing or static routes to the tunnel interface must be configured to establish connectivity between the sites.
                     
                    Step 6exit


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-if)# exit
                     

                    Exits interface configuration mode, and returns to global configuration mode.

                     
                    Step 7ip access-list {standard | extended}access-list-name

                    Example: 
                    Router(config)# ip access-list extended vpnstatic1
                     

                    Enters ACL configuration mode for the named ACL that is used by the crypto map.

                     
                    Step 8permit protocol source source-wildcard destination destination-wildcard


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-acl)# permit gre host 192.168.100.1 host 192.168.101.1
                     

                    Specifies that only GRE traffic is permitted on the outbound interface.

                     
                    Step 9exit


                    Example: 
                    Router(config-acl)# exit
Router(config)#
                     

                    Exits ACL configuration mode and returns to global configuration mode.

                     
                    What to Do Next

                    Configuration Example

                    The following configuration example shows a portion of the configuration file for a VPN using a GRE tunnel scenario described in the preceding sections. 

                    !
aaa new-model
!
aaa authentication login rtr-remote local
aaa authorization network rtr-remote local
aaa session-id common
!
username cisco password 0 cisco
!
interface tunnel 1
	ip address 10.62.1.193 255.255.255.252
tunnel source fastethernet 0
tunnel destination interface 192.168.101.1
ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.0 tunnel 1
crypto isakmp policy 1
	encryption 3des
	authentication pre-share
	group 2
!
crypto isakmp client configuration group rtr-remote
	key secret-password
	dns 10.50.10.1 10.60.10.1
	domain company.com
	pool dynpool
!
crypto ipsec transform-set vpn1 esp-3des esp-sha-hmac
!
crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 86400
!
crypto dynamic-map dynmap 1
	set transform-set vpn1
	reverse-route
!
crypto map static-map 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap
crypto map dynmap isakmp authorization list rtr-remote
crypto map dynmap client configuration address respond
!
! Defines the key association and authentication for IPsec tunnel.
crypto isakmp policy 1	 
hash md5 
authentication pre-share
crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 200.1.1.1
!
!
! Defines encryption and transform set for the IPsec tunnel.
crypto ipsec transform-set set1 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac 
!
! Associates all crypto values and peering address for the IPsec tunnel.
crypto map to_corporate 1 ipsec-isakmp 	
 set peer 200.1.1.1
 set transform-set set1 
 match address 105
!
!
! VLAN 1 is the internal home network.
interface vlan 1
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat inside
 ip inspect firewall in	 ! Inspection examines outbound traffic.
	crypto map static-map
	no cdp enable
!
! FE4 is the outside or Internet-exposed interface
interface fastethernet 4
 ip address 210.110.101.21 255.255.255.0
 ! acl 103 permits IPsec traffic from the corp. router as well as 
 ! denies Internet-initiated traffic inbound. 
 ip access-group 103 in	 
 ip nat outside
 no cdp enable
 crypto map to_corporate 	! Applies the IPsec tunnel to the outside interface.
!
! Utilize NAT overload in order to make best use of the 
! single address provided by the ISP.
ip nat inside source list 102 interface Ethernet1 overload
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 210.110.101.1
no ip http server
!
!
! acl 102 associated addresses used for NAT.
access-list 102 permit ip 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 any
! acl 103 defines traffic allowed from the peer for the IPsec tunnel.
access-list 103 permit udp host 200.1.1.1 any eq isakmp
access-list 103 permit udp host 200.1.1.1 eq isakmp any
access-list 103 permit esp host 200.1.1.1 any
! Allow ICMP for debugging but should be disabled because of security implications.
access-list 103 permit icmp any any	 
access-list 103 deny ip any any	 ! Prevents Internet-initiated traffic inbound.
! acl 105 matches addresses for the IPsec tunnel to or from the corporate network.
access-list 105 permit ip 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
no cdp run

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