Cisco Converged Broadband Routers Software Configuration Guide For DOCSIS
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Supervisor redundancy
reduces unplanned downtime. It enables a quicker switchover between active and
standby
Supervisors in the event
of a fatal error on the active
Supervisor. When you
configure
Supervisor redundancy,
the standby
Supervisor is
synchronized with the active
Supervisor. In the event
of a fatal error on the active
Supervisor, the system
immediately switches to the standby
Supervisor.
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document.
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Contents
Hardware
Compatibility Matrix for Cisco cBR Series Routers
Note
The hardware
components introduced in a given Cisco IOS-XE Release are supported in all
subsequent releases unless otherwise specified.
Table 1. Hardware Compatibility Matrix for the Cisco cBR Series Routers
1 Effective with Cisco IOS-XE Release 3.17.0S, CBR-CCAP-SUP-60G supports 8 cable line cards. The total traffic rate is limited
to 60Gbps, the total number of downstream service flow is limited to 72268, and downstream unicast low-latency flow does not
count against the limits.
Prerequisites for
Supervisor Redundancy
Two
Supervisors (that is, two
Supervisor Cards and two
Supervisor PICs) must be
installed in the
Cisco cBR chassis.
Both
Supervisors must be
running identical software releases.
Information About
Supervisor Redundancy
The
Supervisor redundancy
feature enables the
Cisco cBR router to use
two
Supervisors in a
redundant configuration, so that if the active
Supervisor fails or
becomes inactive, the system automatically performs a switchover , where the
standby
Supervisor takes over and
assumes full responsibility for systems operations.
The
Supervisor redundancy
feature does not require a full reboot of the system to perform a switchover.
When the system boots up, the standby
Supervisor performs full
initialization, which includes self initialization, running configuration
synchronization from the active
Supervisor, and SSO
feature data synchronization from the active
Supervisor, then it
enters into hot standby state and monitors the active
Supervisor. If the
standby
Supervisor detects a
failure in the active
Supervisor, it can
quickly assume the active responsibility for systems operations.
Each
Supervisor contains all
the resources required to operate the router, such as bootflash memory, hard
disks, Ethernet ports, and console port. In the default operation, the standby
Supervisor also
synchronizes the major systems files, such as the running configuration file,
so that during a switchover, the standby
Supervisor can duplicate
the active
Supervisor’s
configuration.
You can use Cisco
IOS CLI commands to access the standby
Supervisor resources,
such as the bootflash and hard disk. For example, you can use the
dir command
to list the contents of a device, or use the
copy command
to transfer files between the active and standby
Supervisor.
Switchover
Procedure
A switchover occurs when the
standby
Supervisor
takes over responsibilities from the active
Supervisor.
The switchover can occur automatically if the standby
Supervisor
has determined that the active
Supervisor
has failed, or an operator can initiate a manual switchover whenever desired.
A switchover triggers the following events:
If this is a manual switchover, the active
Supervisor
verifies that the standby
Supervisor
is present and has entered into SSO. If so, it instructs the standby
Supervisor
to begin switchover procedures, and the active
Supervisor
either attempts to reload its configured Cisco IOS software image or enters ROM
monitor mode, depending on the setting of its configuration register.
The standby
Supervisor
assumes responsibility as the active
Supervisor
and brings the
Cisco cBR
chassis into active state, and continues the service as active
Supervisor.
The new active
Supervisor
begins normal systems operations, including passing traffic.
Note
The
Supervisor
does not begin functioning as a standby
Supervisor
until it is booted up with a proper Cisco IOS software.
Is
Supervisor
Switchover Failing?
The usual phenomenon for a
Supervisor
switchover to be affected is when the active
Supervisor
has these issues:
Supervisor
hangs
Login to
Supervisor
console or Telnet to chassis fails
Interface cards unable to connect to active
Supervisor,
hence crashing
Cable modems drop offline
Chassis reload required
Reset of active
Supervisor
required to restore service
Note
In case there is hardware issue with the
Supervisor,
do not reinsert the faulty
Supervisor
in the chassis. Inserting a faulty
Supervisor
(although a standby
Supervisor)
may cause the interface card to switch to the faulty
Supervisor
causing the interface card to crash and cable modems to go offline.
Using Redundant
File Systems
Both the active and
standby
Supervisors have active
file systems that can be accessed to store and transfer files. The table below
lists the available file systems, the filenames that you can use with CLI
commands to access the file systems,and a short description of each.
File
System
File Name
for CLI Commands
Description
Bootflash
Flash
Hard
disk
USB
Standby bootflash
Standby hard disk
Standby USB
bootflash:
flash:
harddisk:
usb0:
usb1:
stby-bootflash:
stby-harddisk:
stby-usb0:
stby-usb1:
Stores
image, crash file, core files, saved configuration files, and various user
files.
System
Temporary system
Null
Tar
Syslog
CNS
RCSF
system:
tmpsys:
null:
tar:
syslog:
cns:
revrcsf:
Stores the
running configuration and other system files.
NVRAM
Standby NVRAM
Standby RCSF
nvram:
stby-nvram:
stby-rcsf:
Typically stores the system default configuration file and
startup configuration file.
TFTP
RCP
PRAM
FTP
HTTP
SCP
HTTPS
tftp:
rcp:
pram:
ftp:
http:
scp:
https:
Protocols used to transfer files to and from remote devices.
You can use the
privileged EXEC commands
dir,
del, and
copy to
manage the contents of the file systems. You can also use the commands
mkdir and
rmdir to
create and remove directories on bootflash or hard disks.
Following is a
sample output of the
show file
systems command on the
Cisco cBRrouter:
When an active
Supervisor fails, and the
standby
Supervisor becomes the
active
Supervisor, you must use
the console port on the new active
Supervisor to give CLI
commands and display statistics for the router. The standby
Supervisor
console is disabled by default and cannot be used to run any CLI commands.
Following is an sample output of the standby
Supervisor
console:
To access the
console, move the PC or terminal's serial cable to the console port on the
other
Supervisor, which is now
acting as the active
Supervisor.
Benefits
The
Supervisor is not a
single point of hardware failure. If a permanent hardware failure in the active
Supervisor occurs, the
standby
Supervisor recovers the
system, increasing the level of network service and reliability.
The standby
Supervisor can become the
active
Supervisor without the
manual intervention of a system operator. This reduces the recovery time and
the need for an instant response from the network administrators.
The active
Supervisor
continues to dynamically synchronize the changed configuration and feature data
with the standby
Supervisor
after the system reaches SSO. Therefore, the standby
Supervisor
always operates as a hot standby and ready to take over.
How to Configure
Supervisor Redundancy
The
Supervisor redundancy
feature is automatically enabled when two
Supervisor are installed
in the
Cisco cBR chassis. The
active
Supervisor
automatically synchronizes the running configuration file with the standby
Supervisor
during the bootup of standby
Supervisor.
Note
The
Cisco cBR router
supports only the SSO mode for
Supervisor redundancy.
The default redundancy mode is SSO and this mode does not need any new
configurations.
This section
contains the following:
Forcing
Switchover
To manually force
a switchover, so that the standby
Supervisor becomes
active, use the
redundancy
force-switchover command in privileged EXEC mode on the active
Supervisor. Manually
forcing a switchover is useful in the following situations:
You need to
remove, replace, or upgrade the currently active
Supervisor.
A previous
switchover has activated the standby
Supervisor and you now
want to restore the previously active
Supervisor.
Tip
Simply removing
the active
Supervisor also triggers
a switchover, but using the
redundancy
force-switchover command does not generate a hardware alarm.
Before you begin
Ensure that the
standby
Supervisor is in the SSO
state using the
show
redundancy command. For more information, see
Verifying Supervisor Redundancy.
Procedure
Step 1
Set the
configuration register as 0x02 and the load the appropriate image on both the
Supervisors
Example:
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# config-register 0x02
Router(config)# boot system bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-08_01.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin
Note
Do not
perform this step if you want to set the previous active
Supervisor to stay in ROM
monitor mode or manually boot it up after the switchover.
Step 2
Use the
redundancy
force-switchover command to force the switchover.
Example:
Router# redundancy force-switchover
Proceed with switchover to standby RP? [confirm]
Manual Swact = enabled
Jan 1 19:23:22.483 R0/0: %PMAN-5-EXITACTION: Process manager is exiting: process exit with reload fru code
Initializing Hardware ...
System Bootstrap, Version 12.2(20141120:061458) [153], DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1994-2014 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 11/20/2014 18:04:24.91 by xxxxx
The standby
Supervisor becomes the
active
Supervisor.
Step 3
(Optional) If
you have not performed
Step 1,
the previous active
Supervisor is put into
the ROM monitor mode after the switchover. To enable the previous active
Supervisor to become the
new standby
Supervisor, manually boot
up the new standby
Supervisor to enter into
SSO mode.
Changing the
System Boot Behavior
This section
describes how to change the Cisco IOS software configuration register to modify
how the system behaviors at power-on or reboot. The software configuration
register is a 16-bit register in NVRAM that controls the following boot
functions:
Specifies the source of
the Cisco IOS software image to be loaded
Specifies whether the
Cisco IOS software should ignore the contents of the saved configuration file
in NVRAM memory
Enables or disables the
use of the Break function
Use the following
procedure to change the software configuration register settings:
Procedure
Step 1
Enter global
configuration mode and use the
config-registercommand to set the contents of the software configuration
register to a new value. You must specify the new value as a 16-bit hexadecimal
bitmask, using the values shown in the table below.
Table 2. Definition
of Bits in the Software Configuration Register
Bit
No.
Hex
Value
Meaning/Function
00 to
03
0x0000 to 0x000F
Defines the source of a default Cisco IOS software image required to run the
router:
00—On powerup, the system
remains at the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>), awaiting a user command to boot
the system manually by means of the rommon
boot command.
01—On powerup, the system
automatically boots the first system image found in the Flash memory single
inline memory module (SIMM) on the
Supervisor.
02 to 0F—On powerup, the
system automatically boots from a default Cisco IOS software image stored on a
TFTP server in the network. For this setting, the Network Management Ethernet
port on the
Supervisor must be
configured and operational. This setting also enables boot system commands that
override the default filename.
06
0x0040
Causes system software to ignore the contents of the NVRAM configuration file.
07
0x0080
Enables the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) bit.
08
0x0100
Disables the Break function after 30 seconds.
09
0x0200
Not
used.
10
0x0400
Specifies that broadcast packets are based on the 0.0.0.0 IP address.
11
and 12
0x0800 to 0x1000
Defines the console baud rate (the default setting is 9600 baud).
13
0x2000
Boots
an image from the bootflash memory.
14
0x4000
Specifies that broadcast packets use the subnet broadcast address.
15
0x8000
Enables diagnostic messages and ignores the contents of the NVRAM configuration
file.
For
example, to configure the router to boot to the ROM monitor prompt, set the
configuration register to
0x2100 with
the following commands:
Example:
Router# config t
Router(config)# config-register 0x2100
Router(config)#
Tip
The
typical bitmask for normal use is 0x2102, which specifies that the router loads
the Cisco IOS software from the Flash memory and boots to the Cisco IOS CLI
prompt. The Break key is enabled for only 30 seconds, so that the user can
break to the ROM monitor prompt if desired.
Step 2
Exit the
global configuration mode by entering the
exit
command.
Example:
Router(config)# exit
Router#
Step 3
Display the
new software configuration register setting using the
show
version command. The last line shows the settings of the
configuration register:
Example:
Router# show version
Cisco IOS XE Software, Version 2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx
Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental \
Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
Cisco IOS-XE software, Copyright (c) 2005-2015 by cisco Systems, Inc.
All rights reserved. Certain components of Cisco IOS-XE software are
licensed under the GNU General Public License ("GPL") Version 2.0. The
software code licensed under GPL Version 2.0 is free software that comes
with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You can redistribute and/or modify such
GPL code under the terms of GPL Version 2.0. For more details, see the
documentation or "License Notice" file accompanying the IOS-XE software,
or the applicable URL provided on the flyer accompanying the IOS-XE
software.
ROM: IOS-XE ROMMON
Router uptime is 14 minutes
Uptime for this control processor is 17 minutes
System returned to ROM by SSO Switchover
System image file is "bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin"
Last reload reason: Reload Command
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cisco cBR1013 (CBR) processor (revision CBR) with 3647635K/6147K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID CSJ13152101
16 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
32768K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
50331648K bytes of physical memory.
7739391K bytes of eUSB flash at bootflash:.
97620247K bytes of SATA hard disk at harddisk:.
979258K bytes of USB flash at usb1:.
Configuration register is 0x2
When you
change the configuration register, the
show
version command shows both the current value of the register, as
well as the value that will be used on the next reboot or reload.
Step 4
Perform one
of the following to save the configuration file to preserve the new software
configuration register settings:
Use the
copy running-config
startup-config command.
Use the
write
command.
Example:
Router# copy running-config startup-config
Router# write
Building configuration...
[OK]
Step 5
The changes
to the software configuration register will take effect the next time the
router is rebooted or restarted. To manually reboot the router, use the
reload
command:
Example:
Router# reload
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: yes
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
Saving a
Configuration File to the Bootflash or Hard Disk
This section
describes how to copy a configuration file to a bootflash or hard disk and
configure the
Cisco cBR router.
Procedure
Step 1
Copy the
configuration file to the bootflash or hard disks in both
Supervisors.
Display the startup
configuration and verify that the lines configuring redundancy appear:
Example:
Router# show startup-config
...
redundancy
mode sso
...
Step 2
Display the current
Supervisor
redundancy state using the
show redundancy command. The active
Supervisor
typically is shown in slot 4 (SUP0):
Router# show redundancy
Redundant System Information :
------------------------------
Available system uptime = 28 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 0
Standby failures = 0
Last switchover reason = none
Hardware Mode = Duplex
Configured Redundancy Mode = sso
Operating Redundancy Mode = sso
Maintenance Mode = Disabled
Communications = Up
Current Processor Information :
-------------------------------
Active Location = slot 4
Current Software state = ACTIVE
Uptime in current state = 28 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
BOOT = bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin,12;
CONFIG_FILE = bootflash:startup_config1419513118
Configuration register = 0x2
Peer Processor Information :
----------------------------
Standby Location = slot 5
Current Software state = STANDBY HOT
Uptime in current state = 24 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
BOOT = bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin,12;
CONFIG_FILE = bootflash:startup_config1419513118
Configuration register = 0x2
If a switchover has occurred,
the
show redundancy command will produce a display similar to
the following, showing that the active
Supervisor
has changed slots that is, moving from slot 4 (SUP0) to slot 5 (SUP1).
Router# show redundancy
Redundant System Information :
------------------------------
Available system uptime = 39 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 1
Standby failures = 0
Last switchover reason = user forced
Hardware Mode = Duplex
Configured Redundancy Mode = sso
Operating Redundancy Mode = sso
Maintenance Mode = Disabled
Communications = Up
Current Processor Information :
-------------------------------
Active Location = slot 5
Current Software state = ACTIVE
Uptime in current state = 10 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
BOOT = bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin,12;
CONFIG_FILE = bootflash:startup_config1419513118
Configuration register = 0x2
Peer Processor Information :
----------------------------
Standby Location = slot 4
Current Software state = STANDBY HOT
Uptime in current state = 4 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
BOOT = bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin,12;
CONFIG_FILE = bootflash:startup_config1419513118
Configuration register = 0x2
If the standby
Supervisor
is not installed or is not operational, the
show redundancy command will produce a display similar to
the following:
Router# show redundancy
Redundant System Information :
------------------------------
Available system uptime = 31 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 1
Standby failures = 0
Last switchover reason = user forced
Hardware Mode = Simplex
Configured Redundancy Mode = sso
Operating Redundancy Mode = Non-redundant
Maintenance Mode = Disabled
Communications = Down Reason: Failure
Current Processor Information :
-------------------------------
Active Location = slot 5
Current Software state = ACTIVE
Uptime in current state = 2 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (X86_64_LINUX_IOSD-UNIVERSALK9-M), Experimental Version 15.5(20150302:044048) [v155_2_s_xe315_throttle-xxxxx-XE315_0301 121]
This software is an Engineering Special
Copyright (c) 1986-2015 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Mar-15 00:21 by xxxxx
BOOT = bootflash:cbrsup-universalk9.2015-03-04_00.38_xxxxx.SSA.bin,12;
CONFIG_FILE = bootflash:startup_config1419513118
Configuration register = 0x2
Peer (slot: 4) information is not available because it is in 'DISABLED' state
Note
The
show redundancy command shows the
redundancy state, software state, system uptime, image version, boot,
configuration file, and configuration register information.
Verifying
Supervisor Switchover
Procedure
Step 1
Verify the
LEDs on the
Supervisor Card. When a
Supervisor
becomes active, the RP ACT and FP ACT LEDs on the
Supervisor Card illuminate
green to indicate that they have initialized and acting as the active
Supervisor. The RP ACT
and FP ACT on standby
Supervisor Card are off. For
more information, see
Monitoring the Supervisor in
the Cisco cBR Chassis.
Step 2
To verify that
a switchover has occurred, use the
show redundancy switchover
history command. Assuming that the original
Supervisor had been in
slot 4 (SUP0), and that the standby
Supervisor is in slot 5
(SUP1), the following is the sample output:
Example:
Router# show redundancy switchover history
Index Previous Current Switchover Switchover
active active reason time
----- -------- ------- ---------- ----------
1 48 49 user forced 19:23:11 CST Sun Jan 1 2012
where, 48
indicates SUP0 and 49 indicates SUP1.
Configuration
Example for Supervisor Redundancy
The following example shows the
relevant portion of the Cisco IOS configuration file for the default
configuration for the
Supervisor
redundancy feature, which should be used for most applications:
Router# show running-config | sec redundancy
redundancy
mode sso
Router#
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Note
The below table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train.
Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
Table 3. Feature Information for
Supervisor
Redundancy
Feature
Name
Releases
Feature
Information
Supervisor Redundancy
Cisco
IOS-XE Release 3.15.0S
This
feature was introduced on the
Cisco cBR Series Converged Broadband Routers.