- Securing User Services Overview
- Autosecure
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- Configuring RADIUS
- AAA Dead-Server Detection
- ACL Default Direction
- Attribute Screening for Access Requests
- Enable Multilink PPP via RADIUS for Preauthentication User
- Enhanced Test Command
- Framed-Route in RADIUS Accounting
- Offload Server Accounting Enhancement
- Per VRF AAA
- RFC-2867 RADIUS Tunnel Accounting
- RADIUS Attribute Screening
- RADIUS Centralized Filter Management
- RADIUS Debug Enhancements
- RADIUS Logical Line ID
- RADIUS NAS-IP-Address Attribute Configurability
- RADIUS Route Download
- RADIUS Support of 56-Bit Acct Session-Id
- RADIUS Tunnel Preference for Load Balancing and Fail-Over
- RADIUS Server Reorder on Failure
- Tunnel Authentication via RADIUS on Tunnel Terminator
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- RADIUS Attributes Overview and RADIUS IETF Attributes
- RADIUS Vendor-Proprietary Attributes
- Vendor-Specific Attributes (VSA) and RADIUS Disconnect-Cause Attribute Values
- Connect-Info RADIUS Attribute 77
- Encrypted Vendor Specific Attributes
- Local AAA Server
- Per-User QoS via AAA Policy Name
- RADIUS Attribute 5 (NAS-Port) Format Specified on a Per-Server Group Level
- RADIUS Attribute 8 (Framed-IP-Address) in Access Requests
- RADIUS Attribute 82: Tunnel Assignment ID
- RADIUS Attribute 104
- RADIUS Progress Codes
- RADIUS Timeout Set During Pre-Authentication
- RADIUS Tunnel Attribute Extensions
- V.92 Reporting Using RADIUS Attribute v.92-info
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- Cisco IOS Login Enhancements (Login Block)
- Cisco IOS Resilient Configuration
- Image Verification
- IP Source Tracker
- Role-Based CLI Access
- Finding Feature Information
- Contents
- Prerequisites for Role-Based CLI Access
- Restrictions for Role-Based CLI Access
- Information About Role-Based CLI Access
- How to Use Role-Based CLI Access
- Configuration Examples for Role-Based CLI Access
- Additional References
- Feature Information for Role-Based CLI Access
Role-Based CLI Access
The Role-Based CLI Access feature allows the network administrator to define "views," which are a set of operational commands and configuration capabilities that provide selective or partial access to Cisco IOS EXEC and configuration (config) mode commands. Views restrict user access to Cisco IOS command-line interface (CLI) and configuration information; that is, a view can define what commands are accepted and what configuration information is visible. Thus, network administrators can exercise better control over access to Cisco networking devices.
Finding Feature Information
Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the "Feature Information for Role-Based CLI Access" section.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Contents
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Prerequisites for Role-Based CLI Access
•Restrictions for Role-Based CLI Access
•Information About Role-Based CLI Access
•How to Use Role-Based CLI Access
•Configuration Examples for Role-Based CLI Access
•Feature Information for Role-Based CLI Access
Prerequisites for Role-Based CLI Access
Your image must support CLI views.
Restrictions for Role-Based CLI Access
Lawful Intercept Images Limitation
Because CLI views are a part of the Cisco IOS parser, CLI views are a part of all platforms and Cisco IOS images. However, the lawful intercept view is available only in images that contain the lawful intercept subsystem.
Maximum Number of Allowed Views
The maximum number of CLI views and superviews, including one lawful intercept view, that can be configured is 15. (This does not include the root view.)
Information About Role-Based CLI Access
•View Authentication via a New AAA Attribute
Benefits of Using CLI Views
Views: Detailed Access Control
Although users can control CLI access via both privilege levels and enable mode passwords, these functions do not provide network administrators with the necessary level of detail needed when working with Cisco IOS routers and switches. CLI views provide a more detailed access control capability for network administrators, thereby, improving the overall security and accountability of Cisco IOS software.
As of Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)T, network administrators can also specify an interface or a group of interfaces to a view; thereby, allowing access on the basis of specified interfaces.
Root View
When a system is in "root view," it has all of the access privileges as a user who has level 15 privileges. If the administrator wishes to configure any view to the system (such as a CLI view, a superview, or a lawful intercept view), the system must be in root view.
The difference between a user who has level 15 privileges and a root view user is that a root view user can configure a new view and add or remove commands from the view. Also, when you are in a CLI view, you have access only to the commands that have been added to that view by the root view user.
About Lawful Intercept Views
Like a CLI view, a lawful intercept view restricts access to specified commands and configuration information. Specifically, a lawful intercept view allows a user to secure access to lawful intercept commands that are held within the TAP-MIB, which is a special set of simple network management protocol (SNMP) commands that store information about calls and users.
Commands available in lawful intercept view belong to one of the these categories:
•Lawful intercept commands that should not be made available to any other view or privilege level
•CLI views that are useful for lawful intercept users but do not have to be excluded from other views or privilege levels
About Superviews
A superview consists of one or more CLI views, which allow users to define what commands are accepted and what configuration information is visible. Superviews allow a network administrator to easily assign all users within configured CLI views to a superview instead of having to assign multiple CLI views to a group of users.
Superviews contain these characteristics:
•A CLI view can be shared among multiple superviews.
•Commands cannot be configured for a superview; that is, you must add commands to the CLI view and add that CLI view to the superview.
•Users who are logged into a superview can access all of the commands that are configured for any of the CLI views that are part of the superview.
•Each superview has a password that is used to switch between superviews or from a CLI view to a superview.
•If a superview is deleted, all CLI views associated with that superview will not be deleted too.
View Authentication via a New AAA Attribute
View authentication is performed by an external authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server via the new attribute "cli-view-name."
AAA authentication associates only one view name to a particular user; that is, only one view name can be configured for a user in an authentication server.
How to Use Role-Based CLI Access
•Configuring a CLI View (required)
•Configuring a Lawful Intercept View (optional)
•Configuring a Superview (optional)
•Monitoring Views and View Users (optional)
Configuring a CLI View
Perform this task to create a CLI view and add commands or interfaces to the view, as appropriate.
Prerequisites
Before you create a view, you must perform the following tasks:
•Enable AAA via the aaa new-model command.
•Ensure that your system is in root view—not privilege level 15.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable view
2. configure terminal
3. parser view view-name
4. secret 5 encrypted-password
5. commands parser-mode {include | include-exclusive | exclude} [all] [interface interface-name | command]
6. exit
7. exit
8. enable [privilege-level] [view view-name]
9. show parser view [all]
DETAILED STEPS
Troubleshooting Tips
After you have successfully created a view, a system message such as the following is displayed:
%PARSER-6-VIEW_CREATED: view `first' successfully created.
After you have successfully deleted a view, a system message such as the following is displayed:
%PARSER-6-VIEW_DELETED: view `first' successfully deleted.
You must associate a password with a view. If you do not associate a password, and you attempt to add commands to the view via the commands command, a system message such as the following will be displayed:
%Password not set for view <viewname>.
Configuring a Lawful Intercept View
Perform this task to initialize and configure a view for lawful-intercept-specific commands and configuration information.
Prerequisites
Before you initialize a lawful intercept view, ensure that the privilege level is set to 15 via the privilege command.
Restrictions
Only an administrator or a user who has level 15 privileges can initialize a lawful intercept view.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable view
2. configure terminal
3. li-view li-password user username password password
4. username [lawful-intercept] name [privilege privilege-level | view view-name] password password
5. parser view view-name
6. secret 5 encrypted-password
7. name new-name
DETAILED STEPS
Troubleshooting Tips
To display information for all users who have access to a lawful intercept view, issue the show users lawful-intercept command. (This command is available only to authorized lawful intercept view users.)
Configuring a Superview
Perform this task to create a superview and add at least one CLI view to the superview.
Prerequisites
Before adding a CLI view to a superview, ensure that the CLI views that are added to the superview are valid views in the system; that is, the views have been successfully created via the parser view command.
Restrictions
You can add a view to a superview only after a password has been configured for the superview (via the secret 5 command). Thereafter, issue the view command in view configuration mode to add at least one CLI view to the superview.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable view
2. configure terminal
3. parser view superview-name superview
4. secret 5 encrypted-password
5. view view-name
6. exit
7. exit
8. show parser view [all]
DETAILED STEPS
Monitoring Views and View Users
To display debug messages for all views—root, CLI, lawful intercept, and super—use the debug parser view command in privileged EXEC mode.
Configuration Examples for Role-Based CLI Access
•Example: Configuring a CLI View
•Example: Verifying a CLI View
•Example: Configuring a Lawful Intercept View
•Example: Configuring a Superview
Example: Configuring a CLI View
The following example shows how to configure two CLI views, "first" and "second." Thereafter, you can verify the CLI view in the running configuration.
Router(config)# parser view first
00:11:40:%PARSER-6-VIEW_CREATED:view 'first' successfully created.
Router(config-view)# secret 5 firstpass
Router(config-view)# command exec include show version
Router(config-view)# command exec include configure terminal
Router(config-view)# command exec include all show ip
Router(config-view)# exit
Router(config)# parser view second
00:13:42:%PARSER-6-VIEW_CREATED:view 'second' successfully created.
Router(config-view)# secret 5 secondpass
Router(config-view)# command exec include-exclusive show ip interface
Router(config-view)# command exec include logout
Router(config-view)# exit
!
!
Router(config-view)# do show run | beg view
parser view first
secret 5 $1$MCmh$QuZaU8PIMPlff9sFCZvgW/
commands exec include configure terminal
commands exec include configure
commands exec include all show ip
commands exec include show version
commands exec include show
!
parser view second
secret 5 $1$iP2M$R16BXKecMEiQesxLyqygW.
commands exec include-exclusive show ip interface
commands exec include show ip
commands exec include show
commands exec include logout
!
Example: Verifying a CLI View
After you have configured the CLI views "first" and "second," you can issue the enable view command to verify which commands are available in each view. The following example shows which commands are available inside the CLI view "first" after the user has logged into this view. (Because the show ip command is configured with the all option, a complete set of suboptions is shown, except the show ip interface command, which is using the include-exclusive keyword in the second view.)
Router# enable view first
Password:
00:28:23:%PARSER-6-VIEW_SWITCH:successfully set to view 'first'.
Router# ?
Exec commands:
configure Enter configuration mode
enable Turn on privileged commands
exit Exit from the EXEC
show Show running system information
Router# show ?
ip IP information
parser Display parser information
version System hardware and software status
Router# show ip ?
access-lists List IP access lists
accounting The active IP accounting database
aliases IP alias table
arp IP ARP table
as-path-access-list List AS path access lists
bgp BGP information
cache IP fast-switching route cache
casa display casa information
cef Cisco Express Forwarding
community-list List community-list
dfp DFP information
dhcp Show items in the DHCP database
drp Director response protocol
dvmrp DVMRP information
eigrp IP-EIGRP show commands
extcommunity-list List extended-community list
flow NetFlow switching
helper-address helper-address table
http HTTP information
igmp IGMP information
irdp ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
.
.
.
Example: Configuring a Lawful Intercept View
The following example shows how to configure a lawful intercept view, add users to the view, and verify the users that were added:
!Initialize the LI-View.
Router(config)# li-view lipass user li_admin password li_adminpass
00:19:25:%PARSER-6-LI_VIEW_INIT:LI-View initialized.
Router(config)# end
! Enter the LI-View; that is, check to see what commands are available within the view.
Router# enable view li-view
Password:
Router#
00:22:57:%PARSER-6-VIEW_SWITCH:successfully set to view 'li-view'.
Router# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# parser view li-view
Router(config-view)# ?
View commands:
commands Configure commands for a view
default Set a command to its defaults
exit Exit from view configuration mode
name New LI-View name ===This option only resides in LI View.
no Negate a command or set its defaults
password Set a password associated with CLI views
Router(config-view)#
! NOTE:LI View configurations are never shown as part of `running-configuration'.
! Configure LI Users.
Router(config)# username lawful-intercept li-user1 password li-user1pass
Router(config)# username lawful-intercept li-user2 password li-user2pass
! Displaying LI User information.
Router# show users lawful-intercept
li_admin
li-user1
li-user2
Router#
Example: Configuring a Superview
The following sample output from the show running-config command shows that "view_one" and "view_two" have been added to superview "su_view1," and "view_three" and "view_four" have been added to superview "su_view2":
!
parser view su_view1 superview
secret 5 <encoded password>
view view_one
view view_two
!
parser view su_view2 superview
secret 5 <encoded password>
view view_three
view view_four
!
Additional References
Related Documents
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Cisco IOS commands |
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Security commands |
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SNMP, MIBs, CLI configuration |
Cisco IOS Network Management Configuration Guide, Release 15.0. |
Privilege levels |
MIBs
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None |
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: |
Technical Assistance
Feature Information for Role-Based CLI Access
Table 1 lists the release history for this feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and software image support. Cisco Feature Navigator enables you to determine which software images support a specific software release, feature set, or platform. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Note Table 1 lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
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