Cisco Security Advisory
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CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:X/RL:X/RC:X
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A vulnerability in the Web Authentication feature of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a reflected cross-site scripting attack (XSS) on an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper sanitization of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to click a malicious link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute a reflected XSS attack and steal user cookies from the affected device.
Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
This advisory is available at the following link:
https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-webui-xss-VWyDgjOUThis advisory is part of the September 2025 release of the Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software Security Advisory Bundled Publication. For a complete list of the advisories and links to them, see Cisco Event Response: September 2025 Semiannual Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software Security Advisory Bundled Publication.
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Vulnerable Products
At the time of publication, this vulnerability affected Cisco IOS XE Software if HTTP or HTTPS is enabled and the Web Authentication feature is enabled.
For information about which Cisco software releases are vulnerable, see the Fixed Software section of this advisory.
Determine the HTTP Server Configuration
To determine whether the HTTP Server feature is enabled for a device, log in to the device and use the show running-config | include ip http server|secure|active command in the CLI to check for the presence of the ip http server command or the ip http secure-server command in the global configuration. If either command is present, the HTTP Server feature is enabled for the device.
The following example shows the output of the show running-config | include ip http server|secure|active command for a device that has the HTTP Server feature enabled:
Switch# show running-config | include ip http server|secure|active
ip http server
ip http secure-serverNote: The presence of either command or both commands in the device configuration indicates that the web-based management interface feature is enabled.
If the ip http server command is present and the configuration also contains ip http active-session-modules none, the vulnerability is not exploitable over HTTP.
If the ip http secure-server command is present and the configuration also contains ip http secure-active-session-modules none, the vulnerability is not exploitable over HTTPS.
Determine the Web Authentication Configuration for Switches
To determine whether the Web Authentication feature is enabled for a device in legacy mode, log in to the device and use the show running-config | include proxy http command in the CLI to check for the presence of the proxy http command. If the command is present, the Web Authentication feature is enabled for the device, as shown in the following example:
Switch# show running-config | include proxy http
ip admission proxy http success redirect http://www.cisco.com
ip admission name webauth1 proxy httpTo determine whether the Web Authentication feature is enabled for a device in cEdge mode, log in to the device and use the show running-config | section parameter-map command in the CLI to check for the presence of the parameter-map type webauth. If the parameter-map type webauth is present, the Web Authentication feature is enabled for the device, as shown in the following example:
Switch# show running-config | section parameter-map
parameter-map type webauth webauthtest
policy-map type control subscriber WEB_POL
10 authenticate using webauth webauthtestDetermine the Web Authentication Configuration for Wireless Devices
To determine whether the Web Authentication feature is enabled for a device, log in to the device and use the show running-config | include parameter-map command in the CLI to check for the presence of the parameter-map type webauth. If the parameter-map type webauth is present, the Web Authentication feature is enabled for the device, as shown in the following example:
WLC# show running-config | include parameter-map
parameter-map type webauth global
parameter-map type webauth webauthtest
security web-auth parameter-map webauthtestProducts Confirmed Not Vulnerable
Only products listed in the Vulnerable Products section of this advisory are known to be affected by this vulnerability.
Cisco has confirmed that this vulnerability does not affect the following Cisco products:
- IOS Software
- IOS XR Software
- NX-OS Software
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There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
Disabling the HTTP Server feature eliminates the attack vector for these vulnerabilities and may be a suitable mitigation until affected devices can be upgraded. To disable the HTTP Server feature, use the no ip http server or no ip http secure-server command in global configuration mode. If both the HTTP server and HTTPS server are in use, both commands are required to disable the HTTP Server feature.
Note: Disabling the HTTP/HTTPS server could impact other device functionality, such as the Web Management Interface, as well as the Web Authentication feature, which could impact client logins that are dependent on this feature.
While this mitigation has been deployed and was proven successful in a test environment, customers should determine the applicability and effectiveness in their own environment and under their own use conditions. Customers should be aware that any workaround or mitigation that is implemented may negatively impact the functionality or performance of their network based on intrinsic customer deployment scenarios and limitations. Customers should not deploy any workarounds or mitigations before first evaluating the applicability to their own environment and any impact to such environment.
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Cisco considers any workarounds and mitigations to be temporary solutions until an upgrade to a fixed software release is available. To fully remediate this vulnerability and avoid future exposure as described in this advisory, Cisco strongly recommends that customers upgrade to the fixed software indicated in this advisory.
Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software
To help customers determine their exposure to vulnerabilities in Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software, Cisco provides the Cisco Software Checker. This tool identifies any Cisco security advisories that impact a specific software release and the earliest release that fixes the vulnerabilities that are described in each advisory (“First Fixed”). If applicable, the tool also returns the earliest release that fixes all the vulnerabilities that are described in all the advisories that the Software Checker identifies (“Combined First Fixed”).
To use the tool, go to the Cisco Software Checker page and follow the instructions. Alternatively, use the following form to determine whether a release is affected by any Cisco Security Advisory. To use the form, follow these steps:
- Choose which advisories the tool will search—only this advisory, only advisories with a Critical or High Security Impact Rating (SIR), or all advisories.
- Enter a release number—for example, 15.9(3)M2 or 17.3.3.
- Click Check.
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The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is aware that proof-of-concept exploit code is available for the vulnerability described in this advisory.
The Cisco PSIRT is not aware of any malicious use of the vulnerability that is described in this advisory.
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Cisco would like to thank Aswin M Guptha and Abhinand N of Traboda CyberLabs for reporting this vulnerability.
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To learn about Cisco security vulnerability disclosure policies and publications, see the Security Vulnerability Policy. This document also contains instructions for obtaining fixed software and receiving security vulnerability information from Cisco.
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Show LessVersion Description Section Status Date 1.1 Updated the title and summary to be more descriptive. Added configuration examples. Updated workarounds. Title, Summary, Vulnerable Products, Workarounds. Final 2025-SEP-26 1.0 Initial public release. — Final 2025-SEP-24
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SOFTWARE DOWNLOADS AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT
The Cisco Support and Downloads page on Cisco.com provides information about licensing and downloads. This page can also display customer device support coverage for customers who use the My Devices tool. Please note that customers may download only software that was procured from Cisco directly or through a Cisco authorized reseller or partner and for which the license is still valid.
Customers who purchase directly from Cisco but do not hold a Cisco service contract and customers who make purchases through third-party vendors but are unsuccessful in obtaining fixed software through their point of sale should obtain upgrades by contacting the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC). Customers should have the product serial number available and be prepared to provide the URL of this advisory as evidence of entitlement to a free upgrade.
When considering software upgrades, customers are advised to regularly consult the advisories for the relevant Cisco products to determine exposure and a complete upgrade solution. In all cases, customers should ensure that the devices to be upgraded contain sufficient memory and confirm that current hardware and software configurations will continue to be supported properly by the new release. If the information is not clear, customers are advised to contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) or their contracted maintenance providers.
LEGAL DISCLAIMER DETAILS
CISCO DOES NOT MAKE ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, CISCO DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THIS INFORMATION. THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. YOUR USE OF THE INFORMATION ON THE DOCUMENT OR MATERIALS LINKED FROM THE DOCUMENT IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. CISCO RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE OR UPDATE THIS DOCUMENT AT ANY TIME.
Copies or summaries of the information contained in this Security Advisory may lack important information or contain factual errors. Customers are advised to visit the Cisco Security Advisories page for the most recent version of this Security Advisory. The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) assesses only the affected and fixed release information that is documented in this advisory. See the Cisco Security Vulnerability Policy for more information.