Configure Local EAP Authentication on Catalyst 9800 WLC

Introduction

This document describes the configuration of Local EAP on Catalyst 9800 WLCs (Wireless LAN Controllers).

Prerequisites

Requirements

This document describes the configuration of Local EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) on Catalyst 9800 WLCs; that is, the WLC perform as RADIUS authentication server for the wireless clients.

This document assumes you are familiar with the basic configuration of a WLAN on the 9800 WLC and only focuses on the WLC operating as Local EAP server for wireless clients.

Components Used

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command.

Catalyst 9800 on version 16.12.1s

Configure

Network Diagram

Main Local EAP configuration

Step 1. Local EAP profile

Go to Configuration > Security > Local EAP in the 9800 web UI.

Select Add

Enter a profile name.

It is not advised to use LEAP at all due to its weak security. Any of the other 3 EAP methods requires you to configure a trustpoint. This is because the 9800, which acts as authenticator has to send a certificate for the client to trust it.

Clients do not trust the WLC default certificate, so you would need to deactivate server certificate validation on the client side (not advised) or install a certificate trustpoint on the 9800 WLC that the client trusts (or import it manually in the client trust store).

CLI:

(config)#eap profile mylocapeap
(config-eap-profile)#method peap
(config-eap-profile)#pki-trustpoint admincert

Step 2. AAA authentication method

You need to configure a AAA dot1x method that points locally as well in order to use the local database of users (but you could use external LDAP lookup for example).

Go to Configuration> Security > AAA and go to the AAA method list tab for Authentication. Select Add.

Choose "dot1x" type and local group type.

Step 3. Configure a AAA authorization method

Go to Authorization sub-tab and create a new method for type credential-download and point it to local.

Do the same for network authorization type

CLI:

(config)#aaa new-model
(config)#aaa authentication dot1x default local
(config)#aaa authorization credential-download default local 
(config)#aaa local authentication default authorization default
(config)#aaa authorization network default local

Step 4. Configure local advanced methods

Go to the AAA advanced tab.

Define the local authentication and authorization method. Since this exampled used the "default" credential-download and "Default" dot1x method, you need to set default for both local authentication and authorization drop down boxes here.

In case you defined named methods, pick "method list" in the dropdown and another field allows you to enter your method name.

CLI:

aaa local authentication default authorization default 

Step 5. Configure a WLAN

You can then configure your WLAN for 802.1x security against the local EAP profile and AAA authentication method defined in the previous step.

Go to Configuration > Tags and Profiles > WLANs > + Add >

Provide SSID and Profile Name.

Dot1x security is selected by default under Layer 2. 

Under AAA, select Local EAP Authentication and choose Local EAP profile and AAA Authentication list from drop-down.

(config)#wlan localpeapssid 1 localpeapssid
(config-wlan)#security dot1x authentication-list default
(config-wlan)#local-auth mylocaleap

Step 6. Create one or more users

In CLI, the users have to be of type network-user. Here is an example user created in CLI:

(config)#user-name 1xuser
 creation-time 1572730075
 description 1xuser
 password 0 Cisco123
 type network-user description 1xuser

Once created in CLI, this user is visible in the web UI, but if created in the web UI, there are no methods to make it a network-user as of 16.12

Step 7. Create policy profile. Create policy tag to map this WLAN profile to policy profile

Go Configuration > Tags and profiles > Policy

Create a policy profile for your WLAN.

This example shows a flexconnect local switching but central authentication scenario on vlan 1468 but this depends on your network.

Go to Configuration> Tags and profiles > Tags

Assign your WLAN to a policy profile inside your tag.

Step 8. Deploy the policy tag to Access Points.

In this case, for a single AP, you can assign the tags directly on the AP.

Go to Configuration > Wireless >Access points and select the AP you want to configure.

Make sure the tags assigned are the ones you configured.

Verify

The main configuration lines are as shown:

aaa new-model
aaa authentication dot1x default local
aaa authorization credential-download default local
aaa local authentication default authorization default
eap profile mylocaleap
method peap
pki-trustpoint admincert
user-name 1xuser
creation-time 1572730075 description 1xuser
password 0 Cisco123
type network-user description 1xuser
wlan ndarchis_leap 1 ndarchis_leap
local-auth mylocaleap
security dot1x authentication-list default
no shutdown

Troubleshoot

Note that Cisco IOS® XE 16.12 and earlier releases only support TLS 1.0 for local eap authentication which could cause issues if your client supports only TLS 1.2 as is more and more the norm. Cisco IOS® XE 17.1 and later support TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.0.

In order to troubleshoot a specific client which has trouble connecting, use RadioActive Tracing. Go to Troubleshooting > RadioActive Trace and add the client mac address.

Select Start to enable the tracing for that client.

Once the problem is reproduced, you can select the Generate button in order to produce a file that contains the debugging output.

Example of a client that fails to connect due to wrong password

2019/10/30 14:54:00.781 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 8, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.781 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0x5 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.784 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 204, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.784 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0x5 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.785 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.788 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 85, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.788 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0x6 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.791 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 6, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.791 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0x6 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.791 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.792 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 59, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.792 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0x7 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.795 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 75, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.795 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0x7 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.795 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.796 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 91, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.796 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0x8 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.804 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 123, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.804 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0x8 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.804 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.805 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 139, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.805 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0x9 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 75, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0x9 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [eap] [23294]: (info): FAST:EAP_FAIL from inner method MSCHAPV2
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Sent EAPOL packet - Version : 3,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 59, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.808 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - REQUEST, ID : 0xa 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.811 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Received EAPOL packet - Version : 1,EAPOL Type : EAP, Payload Length : 59, EAP-Type = EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.811 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] EAP Packet - RESPONSE, ID : 0xa 
2019/10/30 14:54:00.811 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [caaa-authen] [23294]: (info): [CAAA:AUTHEN:66000006] DEBUG: mlist=(null) for type=0
2019/10/30 14:54:00.812 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [eap-auth] [23294]: (info): FAIL for EAP method name: EAP-FAST on handle 0xBD000006
2019/10/30 14:54:00.812 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [dot1x] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Raised identity update event for eap method EAP-FAST
2019/10/30 14:54:00.813 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [errmsg] [23294]: (note): %DOT1X-5-FAIL: Authentication failed for client (e836.171f.a162) with reason (Cred Fail) on Interface capwap_90000004 AuditSessionID 00000000000000101D28423A Username: fakeuser
2019/10/30 14:54:00.813 {wncd_x_R0-0}{2}: [auth-mgr] [23294]: (info): [e836.171f.a162:capwap_90000004] Authc failure from Dot1X, Auth event fail

Trace on failure

It is possible to check the list of failure events for a given mac address with the trace-on-failure command, even when no debugs are enabled.

In the next example, the AAA method was absent at first (AAA server down event) and then the client used wrong credentials a few minutes later.

The command is show logging trace-on-failure summary in release 16.12 and before and is show logging profile wireless (filter mac <mac>) trace-on-failure in Cisco IOS® XE 17.1 and later. There is no technical difference apart that 17.1 and later allows you to filter for the client mac address.

Nico9800#show logging profile wireless filter mac e836.171f.a162 trace-on-failure
Displaying logs from the last 0 days, 0 hours, 10 minutes, 0 seconds
executing cmd on chassis 2 ...
sending cmd to chassis 1 ...
Collecting files on current[1] chassis.
# of files collected = 30
Collecting files on current[2] chassis.
# of files collected = 30
Collecting files from chassis 1.
Time                        UUID                 Log

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


2019/10/30 14:51:04.438     0x0      SANET_AUTHC_FAILURE - AAA Server Down username , audit session id 000000000000000F1D260BB0,
2019/10/30 14:58:04.424     0x0      e836.171f.a162 CLIENT_STAGE_TIMEOUT State = AUTHENTICATING, WLAN profile = ndarchis_leap, Policy profile = leap, AP name = LABap_2802