IPv6 Perception vs Reality Separating Fact from Fiction

Oh, everyone, once again, thank you so much for joining our expert insight series and in this specific series we are going to talk about the IPv six adoption across the world.00:00And with that, I have an honor and privilege to introduce.00:20Nicole, she is fantastic. She has been the distinguished speaker in the recent Cisco live for more than three sessions, let's say and it's an honor to introduce her a little bit about Nicole. She's a technical solutions architect. She takes care of enterprise networking apart from that.00:24Within Cisco, she also leads a couple of other projects and she's really close to her heritage since she's coming from Netherlands, so.00:44Nicole, can we move to the next slide? Just wanted to show them a few more things about you. So, yeah, so I think it would be better if you start from here, so passing it on to you. Yes, Pradeep, thank you so much and and good day everybody where you are in these worlds. As Pradeep said.00:54That right, so my name is Nicole and my surname is Via Nicole Buyer, and as you notice already by my accent that I come from, well.01:14I come from somewhere else that is not English native, so I come from the Netherlands and I'm also known within, let's say in Cisco, but also when you join or see me at Cisco live, I'm the chief stopper officer. And besides the stopper for the cookie that I'm holding, I also have these ribbons.01:24That I give out to you to every event. So if you see me somewhere at Cisco Live and you are hungry or you want a ribbon, definitely, you know, say hello to me and and be Dutch direct saying, hey, can I have a stop baffle, please? So CSO of Cisco.01:44But I also love to talk about IPv six and I can talk well.02:04I can talk forever. That's not related to that subject itself. I can talk on any given subject and my enthusiasm will definitely, you know, will go off the room. Besides IPV six, I'm also a Formula One fan.02:09So I'm already happy because last weekend Cisco live Cisco Live. Well, also Cisco Live Melbourne but formula one in Melbourne happened with new regulations so and and regulations changed stuff even in IPV six. So, I am already excited on that part and.02:26Seriously looking forward to China this coming weekends. So what will we cover in this session depending on how fast I speak or how slow I will, but we are, you know, coming a little bit of the differences, you know, real world versus perception, because that's the thing. I mean when I'm talking.02:46Talking to people about IPv six, a lot of, you know, well, I would not say bias, but people have ideas. People have ideas and I would like to go through with you all of them and.03:06Maybe you will still remain in your choice of IPV six world or maybe not. Maybe you still in remain in the legacy world because we don't talk about IPv four anymore because we ran out. So that's the legacy, we call that.03:21But I want to really make you, you know, make the decision saying, you know what, we really must go and deploy IPv six. So this is the 1st of the 4th series of the in the the expert series and.03:38One of the things, every session I would say, I mean, if you need to remember one thing, I would say IPv six is brococaly. It's the green cool thing. And you know what, you probably look at this and you go like what hold on Nicole, I was here for for a technical talk and now you're gonna bring is this the.03:55Is this vegetable? Yes.04:15IPv six is brokely and I'll come back to you at the end of this session to explain why IPv six is brokely and then you can always come back because then you will remember it's all about repetition. But like I said, I mean, when I talk about IPv six, I mean everybody, you know, will go like, well.04:18Well, you know what, nobody's using IPV six. Well.04:37And that's your perception. So a perception means that you have a feeling, you think this is the truth because that's what your got is saying. I mean if I am eating a strawberry, you know, maybe it, it tastes like chocolate or a very good one as an example is salantro. For some people.04:41Tastes like soap. Well, for other people it tastes like like proper, you know, spice. I am on the on the last one, so but there are people that really, really don't like Salantro. I just came out of Malaysia for for a couple of days and one of the other things there, for instance, the equivalent of solamp.05:02Which is your fruit?05:23Again, Nicole loves it, the fruit, but there are tons of people when they can't stand the smell and and there are reasons in hotels where you cannot use them. So that's the perception, but then again, you also have the reality. So by the end of the day, I mean, what is the world really looking, you know?05:25You know, from a data's perspective, you know, if the sun is shining, is it always warm?05:45If if coffee, you know, if you keep it, you drink it immediately, is it still hot? Yes or NO, right? So, and that's sort of the reality. But the reality in order for to change from perception towards reality, you need to show why this is happening. And then again it's still, you know, depends.05:52Because at the end of the day, you know.06:12If you are ready to take that leap towards reality. Because perception, I would say, because nobody's using IPv six, I mean, I don't have IPv six and for sure when you are listening to here and you haven't deployed IPv six for sure, you're probably gonna like Nicole I don't use.06:14IPv six at all. Well.06:34You know what, I would disagree, because although the the reason is that I remember in 2018 when Epnic actually asked me saying hey Nicole, you know, you wanna write about IPV six and back in the day I was presenting.06:36At Cisco Live in Orlando and I was standing in the the CCA party line and of course people were, well, we were started talking and then people said, hey, so what do you do? I said, well, you know what, I present on IPV six and everybody said, ah.06:56But nobody's using IPv six and I'm like, hold on, have you looked recently on your mobile device? Have you, have you looked under the hood? Are you really sure? And of course then people go like and then I tell them I said, well, you are using IPv six because.07:11Every device, even now, has IPv six enabled by default. Yeah, but Nicole, that doesn't mean I'm using IPv six. I said, Well, I disagree because.07:31When you are turning on your machine, you have a so called link local address, a fox echo eight zero on your machine, that's an IPv six address. And what it basically does, that everybody who's on the local link, you are communicating with each other.07:45On IPV six. Okay, ok, Nicole, now you're going a little bit too far but how again, right? So we go a little bit deeper under the hood. There's something that's called RFC 6724, where.08:05IPV six takes precedence over the legacy protocol. So 1st I'm gonna try to communicate on IPv six and if it doesn't work, I'll use the legacy protocol. That was specifically done for the reason that we need to move to IPv six in order to.08:20You know, control or or grow in a magnitude of the AI error, we need more addresses and you cannot do that with the legacy protocol anymore. So, I mean that's sort of the reality.08:40Because nobody's using IPv six, ok? So the fox echo eight zero link local is one example. So we have, you know, data examples from a Google view perspective. So here you see that on 10 January this year.08:57Natively, Google saw 49 point oh seven, so we're almost at the 50 %. Worldwide traffic is IPv six only. So that means we're almost leaving the legacy protocol behind from a world perspective on a Google on a Google level. So.09:14But this means, you know, people that are going to Google and any Google services are based on IPv six because mobile operators.09:34They have IPv six already on there, so that means you connect with Google on IPv six. Again, if you're on the mobile and you're updating your, your, your iOS or your iPhone or you're updating an app while you are on the mobile operator.09:43IPv six because Apple also mandates IPv six, you know, connectivity, so the guarantee. So this is where, you know, what do you mean? Nobody's using IPv six? Well, we are, and you know what? It it is sort of working.10:00And so even the internet society, they already see that the legacy protocol is behind us. So more, so 51 %, you know, of the thousand websites that are globally that supports you know IPV six.10:17I mean are are the traffic is happening. So you sort of cannot say, well, nobody's using IPv six. The reason is more that you don't have, you don't see it, you don't see it happening, and of course on your phone, there's NO app saying wap, wap wap, wap. Ipv six is happening. No.10:33Oh it's it's silent and it, it just works.10:53The best thing also is that what happens is that if it doesn't work, there's a fallback mechanism. Specifically, if you are running in a dual stack environment, if you have also a legacy protocol towards your websites, if for somehow on IPv six it doesn't work properly, the mechanism is there to follow.10:56Go back to the legacy. So that's also why you don't notice.11:16But that's sort of the cool thing. Though well Nicole, yeah, yeah. He did say, you know, in the AI error and we really need to go to this IPv six, but you know what? I mean, I have nets, I don't need anything and because this works perfectly fine. Well.11:22That was actually created to, let's say not be in the panic mode anymore to immediately go to IPV six. So it was related to, ok, hold on for in the meantime, you know, instead of.11:41Three months from now, we have a little bit more air to breathe to make the transition to IPV six. Unfortunately, that didn't happen because the guy, you know, on the the person the older person on the on the right hand side, you know, you know what this network's perfectly fine. I am happy.11:57The whole hunky dory and oh by the way, in security. Yeah.12:17It's not. So because basically the reason why it's not is that, you know, in reality, it's quite painful. Network address translation, if you need to figure out who's connecting to where, makes it quite painful. And so.12:22Yes, but they don't know then my address in the intercite in the inside and then they cannot hack me. Well, ideally hope that you don't allow connections from the outside through your firewall internally anyway. That's rule number one. So it doesn't matter, you know, what's address they have on the inside.12:39And as sadly enough or you know.12:59I'm not sure if you are aware, but 80 % of malware are living behind the nets. Because in the security world, I mean people, I mean, hackers go with, you know, the social, the, the social way of getting people you know compromised. Click on this PDF. Oh, and or.13:02Or can you please tell me, you know, your password? Oh yeah, please fill it in because I need the ticket. It's all about social engineering. So that is not a security feature at all. It's more a pain in a very dark area I would say. And over the years now I've been talking to a lot of the system administrators when I'm talking.13:22Every six, everybody's not is they're they're nodding towards me saying, Oh Nicole, this is this is so much painful.13:42And so with IPv six, you know, this eliminates, you know, still you need your firewall. Still, you need to make your firewall rules and make sure that connections from the outside are not allowed to go in but.13:49It's it's all about, you know, being more aware of it. So Nat, not the security. I mean, then again, you know, I mean, my, my colleagues really love me so dearly. So they sent me this photo a couple of years ago saying, hey Nicole.14:06But it actually resonates quite well because this is what everybody's trying to do, you know, trying to run on the network, you know, with nets. And I mean, I would say even looking at the cars, I mean, I would definitely like that, that lower one. The top one, I mean I like bicycles, it's good for your health and all those.14:24Things, but you know for for driving on the, on the roads, I mean definitely that bottom one. I mean, we all can agree to it saying, you know what, I like this and let's let's go with this.14:44Yeah, but Nicole, I mean this this this IPV six it's, it's really difficult, you know, security risk configuration training, you know, I am use this this legacy, it's so much easier. I mean, why, you know.14:58If I look at this IPv six, you know, this makes it more difficult. Well, thinking really about legacy, you know, Clippy comes back. Remember, AI, my clippy Avid I love it. AI is back.15:16Redivention and more than ever. So, because reality is funny enough that once you get, you know, your toes into the water, we, when you really get into the little nitty gritty details.15:34It's so much easier because we don't have network addresses anymore. We don't have broadcast addresses anymore, and you will soon will see the why even for address planning, it's so much easier. And then I remembered this was not this year at Cisco Live in Amsterdam, but last year a a.15:50A student came to me and said, Nicole, I've been doing this this IPv six now for a while, and oh boy, this is so much easier than IPV four. Why didn't I think about this in the 1st place? And now we're like.16:10Yeah exactly. But of course it's scary because that hundred and 28 bit address, it's so long and oh my god, how am I going to remember this? I'm never gonna remember this. Well, think back on day number one when you joined the company X, Y or Z.16:23And you were had to configure the legacy IP addresses in the system.16:43I remember, I thought how I am I ever going to remember this IP address? Well, nowadays I've got like oh I know those addresses. Well, same for IPv six because address planning is really made easy.16:48I mean, it's it's almost a NO brainer, and once you get your head around it, it's it's really cool. And it's it's not so difficult because you know what? Let me go you back. I mean, I joke about this. So I mean an IPV six four address, right? Ten 99136.five easy. IPV six address.17:06Oh my god, how am I even going to remember this?17:26But then, I would say to you Pradeep, right? So if I have a subnet mouse 255255.192.zero, hey, what's the prefix? You know, how many addresses do I have? And so.17:29For sure, you know, you got like, oh, I need to calculate this. In IPv six/sixty four, NO brainer. It's seriously a NO brainer and you got like, I've got this. But then.17:46You know what, once you really get started, you think, oh, I can do this Nicole. I'm really ready to go and, you know, do this address planning. Think about this one because I did four years ago for I wrote this, this article about let go of traditional strategies.18:02Because for sure, for sure, when you start your address planning on IPv six, you will use your legacy thinking because oh, I need to be careful. Ooh, I need to, you know, make sure that I don't waste IP addresses because that's how we brought up in through the year.18:22Years.18:42You know when a student came, oh, I want to deploy a new service, sir, can I have five IP addresses, you know, to you as a IT administrator? You go like five IP addresses, what do you mean? You get maybe one if you make a really good proposal why you need the one? Why can't you use another one, e.g.?18:43That's sort of where we are in the legacy world. Then when that same student comes to me, I would say, you need five addresses? I'll give you a/sixty four. I'll give you 18.4 quintile. It addresses. Come back when you need more and probably the person goes like? 18.4.19:03But for sure, I can safely say that when you are making an an address plan on IPV six, you still have that mindset, you know, I would say go for a walk 1st. Clear your brain, think about Nicole about Brookly and think, ok, Nicole said.19:23I have a green field. I can do this, I must not think on how did we do this in the past? No, this is the moment where you are in the, in the the the candy, the candy shop, and you have all the candy as a kids you want or equivalent if you have whatever you want to buy, you know, in that shop.19:43You can have it and it's possible. What do you want? Do you want X amount addresses? You can have it. It's Greenfield and that's from an IT perspective the best because greenfields, you know, you cannot go wrong.20:04And if you can go wrong, you try again because there's options there as well. And so that makes it cool. So you don't have to think about the legacy environment. So that makes it really nice. So remember, right? So this hundred and 28 bit address, it's it's quite, you know, well daunting and scary.20:21Because like I said, I mean, how am I gonna remember this? Well, you know, we have, I mean through over the years, you know, it has been, you know, the initially when you look at this, you go like oh 2001 zero DB 80046A1D 10 000-000-0001.20:41Yes, I did all of them zeros, correct? How am I remember? Well wait, there are some rules because you can actually make this really easier because one of the things you are allowed to do in an IPv six world is that every leading zero.21:01You can take out. So now all of a sudden, 2001 zero DB eight because 2001 DB eight, so the 00446. So the machine, when you're looking at this, the machine knows because of course on under the hood it will make a hundred and 28 bit drink.21:18Yes, it will know, it has to have zeros in front of there because you always know there's four hecks there in order to make that hundred and 28 in the, in the end.21:38So, but yeah, I see three zeros still there, Nicole and and what are we going to do with that? Well, there is another rule because once, once in the whole IPv six request, you're allowed to have that when you have consecutive zeros, you can squeeze.21:50Them in and do double color.22:10So in this case, when we're looking at 2001 DBA 46A1D1 colon colon one, you will know where the zero comes in front of the D and the two zeros in front of the 6th and you know in order to make that hundred and 28 bit address, you rest in between those two ones.22:13Are all zeros. That's why you can only do the double colon once. Because if you do it twice, you don't know where, how many zeros there are. So that's the reason why there's only once.22:33Double colon. So here's the cool thing is that one of the best practices I always tell them if you make an address plan, don't use the double colon on the left side of your IP addresses so in the so called.22:50Prefix area, use them in the addresses space. So, ok, Nicole, what do you mean with the, you know, the prefix and the addresses space? So if you're looking at this number, you, I colored them. So you see this light blue 2001 DB 80046 and I'll tell the reason I say it out loud as well.23:06For the people that might be color blind. And then I have a different color A1D1 that's purple because that's.23:25Basically, they're also known as prefix. And then the last 64, so all the zeros in one, that's your host interface. That's your interface address and that's mainly where you are automatically generate addresses.23:35So in order to create addresses, you will play in that 1st part, in that first/sixty four, you will get a prefix from your service provider or from your region, from your LR or rear depending on on what you are in the world. And then so let's say if you have in this case.23:52To/forty eight, you will have four hecks to play with in order to create VLANs. You will have 65536.24:11Options to create. That's, that's insane. From a/forty eight, that's lot already. If you're an enterprise, you can ask for a/twenty nine already from Aaron, for instance, if you're in Americas, if you're in Ripe as well, they will give it out.24:24Like Candy, I keep you not. They just, you need to write down, you will, they will never say, oh, you don't need that much. No, they will give it to you and you're off to the races. So a small address, and so like I said, on the left hand side.24:42We'll see the prefix and where the 1st, you know, 32 bits or the 48 bits, you know, will be your prefix that we're given by your, your service providers, in my case here in the Netherlands where I'm based, I actually have an IPv six prefix at home. I have, I get you not I have a/forty eight for years.25:00Okay, seriously Nicole, do you need a/forty eight? Probably not, but the service provider gave it to me because there's also one other caveat if you are using BGP, whatever, the minimum or the shortest prefix you can announce is only/forty eight. So/fifty.25:218250 et cetera, is not allowed. So 48 and bigger.25:41Goes towards the internet. So I have a/forty eight works perfectly fine. Currently I'm not running out and I'll show you that I'll probably never run out nor any enterprise. The last 64 bits interface ID.25:46So because that's used where to generate, you know, your host addresses. So from a practical view, I always look at this like, ok, you know, in the middle where you have on your left hand side your control area. So this is where you control your.26:03Areas, so you could have various prefixes if you have a right prefix and an error, then you can have them already, ok, continent wise, the Americas versus Europe for instance, so control, but you can also then for depending on how big the.26:21Prefixes, you can control am I wireless, which branches, do I have.26:41The countryside, do I have printers? Do I have IoT? I mean all of those things you can do in the control area. There's a cool book on, on from oh Reilly. It's called IPv six address planning by Tom Confine.26:50And highly recommend because she can go, you know, either way on address planning. I mean when you ask me saying Nicole, how what's the best address plan? I mean, my, my answer would be unfortunately, it depends. It all depends on your business, but keep in mind, it's greenfield.27:07Field, so you, you're in the candy store. You can do whatever you like.27:27Best thing is, do talk to your security people because maybe with alterations in the address plan firewall rules also became become more sensible than now the 500 lines or maybe 2500 lines you have in your firewall nowadays.27:33And so on the right hand side you have the influencing part. The influencing part will be the where the host addresses will be generated. And if you are talking with clients, normally you would use them and you won't touch it is because you, that's something called stateless address auto configuration where an address.27:50As on the influencing parties automatically generated.28:10So I get a host, I get a prefix from my router, my router will say, hey, this is your prefix with stateless address out the configuration, generate your address, and then so the influencing part, because that part then needs 64 bits.28:15In order to generate. So, ok, remember perception versus reality, right? So IPv six only data centers because I mean you just also said to me, I had Nicole, nobody's using IPv six well.28:31Guess what? You'll be highly surprised because Netflix has an IPv six only data center because they understood, you know, that, you know, it makes so much easier every single user that starts to show.28:49A IPv six container will be started. And then when I turn off the show, that container will be thrown away. But not only that, I mean even meta. So we also used google, right? As an example, but also Disney plus. They have IPv six in their environment and Google. So.29:05These are a couple of big, you know, names that are already using IPv six only data center. And now the other thing comes to play is that, so if you are still stuck in the legacy worlds, how does that work then Nicole?29:24Well, you go through that something is called carry great nuts. And that means that if you are looking at a very heavy show, hello, there were some, you know, last year, a year and a half ago, there was a, a, a boxing fight on Netflix from Mike Tyson and Jake Paul.29:41And I know that a lot of people, a lot of my friends, you know, they were, they were so on social media, they were telling me Nicole, I need to, you know, better on my mobile phone because now otherwise I can't see it. And I said, well, tell your service provider to turn on IPV six and then they said Nicole, what do you mean? I said, well, everybody's watching the.30:01Rights.30:21So and all the legacy people, they go through and carry a great nuts, ok, you just imagine booth! It just goes on. So the cool thing, even LinkedIn. LinkedIn even has IPv six only data center for, for gold knows how long. So these are and they're.30:21There are more, by the way, but these are big examples.30:41And even in India and in in the Middle East as well, they are very actively busy, you know, with deploying IPv six because it scales quicker. I mean 18.4 quintailing addresses on the/sixty four. If you need to create, you know, more AI data centers, well.30:45Guess what? It goes a little bit quicker with IPv six. Yeah, but because I mean for sure we ran out of the legacy protocol, so for sure we're gonna run out of IPv six as well because it's.31:06We've I've been there, you know, for sure we run out of IPv six. Well, let me, let me show you, you know, let me challenge you. So always joke about well meet my husband and meet my meet meet Milan because Milan is not my kids.31:21Elam now is, by the way, 13 years old. The parents still give me permission to use this.31:41This picture, but this was one of my, you know, visualizations to show, you know what, this is how tall, you know, the legacy protocols looks, you know, and, and, and on the on the left hand side, you know, this is how tall IPv six look, you know, so.31:46This is how I normally, you know, visualization and then I go like, yeah, yeah, I can see it, but we are in IT here, so so let's do some math, right? So let's do some calculations because that makes it maybe a little bit more.32:04Real versus ok because that kid, you know, probably has grown a little bit further now in 13 years. So yes I agree, but IPV four will not grow. So remember Netflix as an example, right? You know, every, we have containers and every container.32:19You know which I'm spinning up, you know, will have one global address.32:40And so now I am going to spin up 10 million containers per second. So Pradeep gets a 10 million addresses. David gets 10 million addresses, you know, and then, you know, offer a windfrey salt, and he gets 10 million addresses. I mean, can you just imagine, you know, in an.32:46In IPV four world, you know, that that's like what are you in saying you're not you're not getting 10 million addresses? No way. Remember? One, if you're lucky. No, and here comes nicole. I'll give you 10 million addresses per second.33:06So, let's see. If I do 10 million addresses per second, how long does it take, you know, to deplete or so also known exhaust is/sixty four?33:21And so for your information, so this/sixty four has 18.4 quintillion addresses. I'm too lazy to, to, to, to say it out loud, so 18.4 quintillion. And we are just going to exhaust.33:38Trying to see, you know, how long does it really take, you know, for this/sixty four. So 10 million addresses per second, 31536000 s in a year. So that makes it that amount of addresses in a year which we'll be using.33:53So that's a full year. Okay, so dividing 18.4 quintillion by 315, you know, normally I would say, you know, raise of hands, how long they do you think, but people, you know, they they understand a little bit. Well, yeah, maybe a little bit longer.34:1130 years, I had 30 years, I had, a hundred years, a hundred and 15 years, then, you know, people, some people really did quick math, so they came to 10000 and and so not bad, not bad at all, but at least I always then acknowledge that at least I'm happy that they are trying to give a number.34:31But you know what, it takes 58494 years to exhaust this one/sixty four. And so I can safely say.34:52I will not be alive to even see my/sixty four with 10 million addresses per second, right? 10 million addresses. I mean that's in the Netherlands we have 18 million people living. So that's, you know, every 2 s. So.35:0758494 years, but you know what? We need to scale. I mean in the data center, we don't have/sixty fours, NO, we have/forty eights. So that takes a little bit longer. So.35:25Remember/forty eight has 65530 six/sixty fours, as I said that amount of VLANs, so 58494 times 65536.35:41Because that's how long you know this my my home will take. This will mean it will take 3.8 billion years to exhaust my home.35:57That's definitely me, probably by that end. Although I'm not sure if I'm hanging on my my desk then at that red light like that moment and I'm not sure if the, if my clock will still be properly working. So I can make the statement you will not run out of IPV six addresses.36:14For the people that, you know, did, you know, the quick calculation and think about for a second thinking, hey, hold on Nicole, you did not calculate leap years. Well, I did the work for you there, but in order to have a clean mathematical here, for/sixty four, it's only 200 years left.36:36So can you just imagine even for/forty eight, that's we called it peanuts. That's, we called it a rounding error. So I did do I did do that, but yeah. So, you know what, this youngster, this youngster really understands, you know, I want to really, you know.36:55But nobody's using this, this IPv six. Well, remember, I have reality, I have data as well because of course seeing is believing, not only me telling and being enthusiastic saying, Oh yes, it's happening and look at this graph. Nope.37:15Even with my colleague Jason Davis, he, he was working in a knock in the various knocks at Cisco live. So in 2024 in Amsterdam we had 46.8 % IPV six traffic. So.37:32Already happening. So we are, and that was a dual stack environment. Last year, we ran something that's called IPv six mostly and I'll show you what's happened there. But then again, I mean, we even went down under because I mean although, you know, in Americas you probably think, hey, hold on how.37:49Actually that, but even in Australia, 54 % of the traffic at cisco live, it was IPV six. So again, the legacy protocol it's behind us. So this is the time to think now.38:08The one of the things, so Cisco Live Amsterdam last year, so we had two numbers and as you can see, we have 50.4 % and we had 72 points, seven. And that's because we were doing something new last year for the 1st time and this year we did the same.38:25And we had 50.4 IPv six traffic, so also at Cisco Live in Amsterdam, we left the legacy protocol behind. There's less IPv four traffic than there is IPv six.38:45So we were running last year and this year something that's called IPv six mostly and I'll come back to you what that really means because it basically, it's your next step for a comfortable transition to IPv six only because you really need to think about, ok, I have this legacy.39:04World, I really want to go to IPv six only, but to make that transition, what if something is not working? And so there are nice steps.39:23In order to help you. And so the mostly in the ITF Google came with RFC 8925 and we called it IPv six mostly. And well, how does it work? Because.39:34Here we are, we have a client. And so in this case, I have a client in the in the network and let's say this client is only a legacy client. Normally you would say it's an IoT device, but now even at my house, my IoT devices actually have IPv six, but let's say.39:51It's running Windows 95. That's really an IoT. So in an IPv six mostly environment, the IPv six only will still get a legacy IP from the DHCP before server. Because in an IPv six mostly environment, you will run.40:11Legacy and IPv six and then what you also do, you will have something that's called DNS six four and net six four in action because you need it for the next one environment. Because in this case now I have a client that has.40:30As IPV six and it's actually sending to the DCP V four server option one oh eight. And basically what that means is that I'm the cool kid here. I don't need that legacy stuff. So please.40:50You know, I can talk to your DHCP before server but just hold my legacy IP address. Don't give it to me because I I can run, you know, as one would say a kid, you know, on this little tricycle, you know, I can, I can.41:07Do my bike without the little wheels next to it. That's basically what the client is saying. I don't need the wheels. I can do this by myself. So the client will only get through stateless address auto configuration. It will generate their addresses and then also the client will have some application that.41:22What's called seat.41:42Client led. Why? Well, because, you know, by the end of the day, we still need to go to these legacy environments. So we need to go, if you really want to go to X or GitHub, it's still, you know, legacy only connections. So then the client.41:44And needs to synthesize, you know.42:04Play along and do feet four to six and this is where DNS six four and net six four comes into play in your network because you need to before you go exit your towards the internet because the internal it will go over IPv six and this is where you saw the intra, the.42:0770 % of Cisco lives.42:27Because that's the intra traffic you need to traverse over IPv six and then exit legacy world, so that's why net six four comes in. Apple, Linux, Android, all the clients, also your Mac.42:30So your laptop has this so called c Let function working. At this moment almost by the end of the year because Windows Microsoft is testing with Clat and so it's a matter of of time, maybe well very soon I don't, I don't own.42:49The the roadmap of Microsoft, but I can safely say there there have been tests, so for sure somewhere in 2026, even Windows will have this as well. So we even will see more IPv six traffic happening.43:09But ok, right now, right, Nicole, but I don't, you know, my application or my client doesn't have, you know, this option and that's currently my Windows machine as an example. What it basically does is that because when I'm sending out, you know, to find addresses, I don't have the option one oh eight for D.43:23BGP three four.43:42So that means I will generate my IPv six addresses with slack, stateless address out of configuration, and the DHCP V four will give me give me a legacy IP address. So I will have IPv six addresses and I will have a legacy address.43:44And so what you will see here because I said RFC 6724, because remember IPv six takes precedence over the legacy protocol. I always try IPv six 1st and then if it doesn't work or if there's NO response on IPV six.44:04Up, I will go over the legacy protocol. So this is one how IPv six mostly works. So this is the, your next step. Sometimes people are comfortable with duel stack. They do the IPv six mostly, and your next goal, by the way.44:24Is IPv six only because of course running two address families has challenges that has, you know, some nice implications. You can see, you know, oh, you need to do a firewall rules double, you need to make sure that you're up to date with all the latest on every.44:41Address family.45:01But as you can see, I mean that this IPv six mostly is a really nice path, a next nice comfortable step because you don't want to have your manager next to you saying, why is it not working? And then you can say, well, you don't want to say well because of IPv six, but you know what, it's really working.45:03Okay, but really, right? I mean, is there actually a business case or you could safely say is there you know a killer app, there are killer apps, but there is actually a business case. Because already for.45:22Year and a half or two years already. It's in 2023, in 24 actually in January 24, cloud prof in this case Amazon is charging for a legacy IP address. So for one legacy IP address, you know, you will pay well right now 42 years.45:40Those are $0.20 or if you're in a dollar country, it's, it's almost $50 per year.46:00For one legacy IP address, if you are taking services from AWS, yet IPv six is free. I mean Undutch and we Dutch really like free. I mean, and if you can save money, I mean, why not save money, right? Deploy IPV six.46:07It's a win win situation. There are customers that came to me and that said, Nicole, my CFO really wants to sell off this legacy stuff. And I said, help me, what should I do? I was like, embrace it because it's so much easier.46:26You know, in the IPV six world, and you can scale because if you need the new services, you will, you know, have 10 million addresses just like that available for your services. I mean right now if you need to scrape left and right IP addresses in the legacy world, oh my god, that's painful.46:42That's that's almost cruel, you would say. I think I'm talking so much or so quicker, you know, I can just imagine because you know what, after 47 min, you know, still perception versus reality.47:00I mean still, I mean, I want to show you here that, you know, IPv six is really brochly and why is then IPv six brokely? Because you know what? It's good for you in the long run, but you don't get an immediate, you know, sugarage by deploying.47:16IPV six now, but it will benefit you greatly, you know, in so many levels, and it will be less painful and quicker to to turn around. So that's why I would say, you know, IPv six is internet brocaly.47:33So what should you remember? You know, think about, you know, reality versus perception. Am I seeing is believing? I mean definitely in this AI world, I mean it's always, ok, what am I looking at or is somebody saying, well, nobody's using IPv six? Well, that's your perception.47:50But have you really looked? Are you really sure, you know, if you.48:11Don't look at the data. Don't be afraid to deploy IPv six. I mean that's the thing. Once you ask questions and there are opportunities to ask lots of questions, there are NO stupid questions and it makes so much sense.48:16And there is tons of positive things, you know, to do for to to create the list, you know, on why you should deploy IPv six. It's healthy because IPv six is brokely and that's definitely the last and most important point to remember.48:34So we do have a future session next week, March 18, and then I'm going to talk about RFCs. So standards uncovered. We are going into the nitty gritty details and that would be, I would highly, you know, recommend you guys joining. But you know what? If you're really already thinking, hey Nicole.48:49So you know what?49:09I am ready to join and I am ready to ask questions or learn. I created a Webex space. You can create, you can put your phone against the QR code and join this space. I'll be very active there in, in showing what's happening in the world as well.49:10But everybody it's a community based, there's a lot of people that are very active if you ask specific questions.49:30And like I said, there, there is definitely not a stupid question at all, not at all because you're, it's here to learn and many have gone before you. You are not the 1st anymore. In 2012, a lot of people would have still be scared and thinking, Yeah, but I don't want to be the 1st, well.49:38I can safely say, you're definitely not the 1st. I mean, you would almost be, you know, running behind the pack. If you really love to learn more about or listen, you know, about IPv six stuff and, and posts, I mean follow me on LinkedIn.49:56You're more than welcome. I encourage you and, I'll post a lot of stuff based on IPV six here as well. And so with that, I would say Pradeep, are there, are there any questions in the room or do you have a question Pradeep?50:13Oh hi Nicole Barna here. Hi presentation, Nicole and I personally have learned quite a few things here and I'm looking forward to attending the next one, but I did NO questions on the Q and A panel or on the chat window.50:35But we'll give it a little bit time for anybody to be.50:54To raise the hand so I can unmute you if you have, if you want to ask anything. So as you remember, right, IPV six is brookly. It's good for you in the long run. Yep.50:59Especially since we are, we will be running out of IPV four you know soon it's ideal to start looking into prioritizing IPv six for the network. Yes, and so one of the other things, so besides that, I call it the legacy protocol. I always talk about transitioning to IPv six.51:16Six. It's not a migration because birds migrate and so I don't want you to come back. Berts come back in summer or winter, so we transition to IPv six. I don't want to you to migrate.51:36Right, of course. And that's a good point, Nicole. Yep. So I don't see any hands raised either so far. Questions on the chat as well.51:50Yeah. So, I think we can wrap the session for today and we'll see you all next week for 2nd session on the series at the same time. And thank you everybody.52:08The recording will be on the community page for you to go back and review in the, at a future time. Until we see you again. Thank you all. Thank you Nicole for taking the time you know of off hours and doing this for America's region. Thank you so much. Appreciate the time. Thank you so much.52:25Week. Yeah. Bye.52:45