- Preface
- Using the Command-Line Interface
- Using the Web Graphical User Interface
- Administering the System
- Performing Switch Setup Configuration
- Configuring Right-To-Use Licenses
- Configuring Administrator Usernames and Passwords
- Configuring 802.11 parameters and Band Selection
- Configuring Client Roaming
- Configuring Application Visibility and Control
- Configuring Voice and Video Parameters
- Configuring RFID Tag Tracking
- Configuring Location Settings
- Monitoring Flow Control
- Configuring SDM Templates
- Configuring System Message Logs
- Configuring Online Diagnostics
- Managing Configuration Files
- Configuration Replace and Configuration Rollback
- Working with the Flash File System
- Working with Cisco IOS XE Software Bundles
- Troubleshooting the Software Configuration
- Index
- Information About the Flash File System
- Displaying Available File Systems
- Setting the Default File System
- Displaying Information About Files on a File System
- Changing Directories and Displaying the Working Directory (CLI)
- Creating Directories (CLI)
- Copying Files
- Creating, Displaying and Extracting Files (CLI)
- Additional References
Working with the Flash File System
Information About the Flash File System
The flash file system is a single flash device on which you can store files. It also provides several commands to help you manage software bundles and configuration files. The default flash file system on the switch is named flash:.
As viewed from the active switch, or any stack member, flash: refers to the local flash device, which is the device attached to the same switch on which the file system is being viewed. In a switch stack, each of the flash devices from the various stack members can be viewed from the active switch. The names of these flash file systems include the corresponding switch member numbers. For example, flash-3:, as viewed from the active switch, refers to the same file system as does flash: on stack member 3. Use the show file systems privileged EXEC command to list all file systems, including the flash file systems in the switch stack.
Only one user at a time can manage the software bundles and configuration files for a switch stack.
Displaying Available File Systems
To display the available file systems on your switch, use the show file systems privileged EXEC command as shown in this example for a standalone switch:
SwitchControllerDevice# show file systems
File Systems:
Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes
* 15998976 5135872 flash rw flash:
- - opaque rw bs:
- - opaque rw vb:
524288 520138 nvram rw nvram:
- - network rw tftp:
- - opaque rw null:
- - opaque rw system:
- - opaque ro xmodem:
- - opaque ro ymodem:
This example shows a switch stack. In this example, the active switch is stack member 1; the file system on stack member 2 is displayed as flash-2:, the file system on stack member 3 is displayed as flash-3: and so on up to stack member 9, displayed as flash-9: for a 9-member stack. The example also shows the crashinfo directories and a USB flash drive plugged into the active switch:
SwitchControllerDevice# show file systems
File Systems:
Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes
145898496 5479424 disk rw crashinfo:crashinfo-1:
248512512 85983232 disk rw crashinfo-2:stby-crashinfo:
146014208 17301504 disk rw crashinfo-3:
146014208 0 disk rw crashinfo-4:
146014208 1572864 disk rw crashinfo-5:
248512512 30932992 disk rw crashinfo-6:
146014208 6291456 disk rw crashinfo-7:
146276352 15728640 disk rw crashinfo-8:
146276352 73400320 disk rw crashinfo-9:
* 741621760 481730560 disk rw flash:flash-1:
1622147072 1360527360 disk rw flash-2:stby-flash:
729546752 469762048 disk rw flash-3:
729546752 469762048 disk rw flash-4:
729546752 469762048 disk rw flash-5:
1622147072 1340604416 disk rw flash-6:
729546752 469762048 disk rw flash-7:
1749549056 1487929344 disk rw flash-8:
1749549056 1487929344 disk rw flash-9:
0 0 disk rw unix:
- - disk rw usbflash0:usbflash0-1:
- - disk rw usbflash0-2: stby-usbflash0:
- - disk rw usbflash0-3:
- - disk rw usbflash0-4:
- - disk rw usbflash0-5:
- - disk rw usbflash0-6:
- - disk rw usbflash0-7:
- - disk rw usbflash0-8:
- - disk rw usbflash0-9:
0 0 disk ro webui:
- - opaque rw system:
- - opaque rw tmpsys:
2097152 2055643 nvram rw stby-nvram:
- - nvram rw stby-rcsf:
- - opaque rw null:
- - opaque ro tar:
- - network rw tftp:
2097152 2055643 nvram rw nvram:
- - opaque wo syslog:
- - network rw rcp:
- - network rw http:
- - network rw ftp:
- - network rw scp:
- - network rw https:
- - opaque ro cns:
- - opaque rw revrcsf:
Field |
Value |
---|---|
Size(b) |
Amount of memory in the file system in bytes. |
Free(b) |
Amount of free memory in the file system in bytes. |
Type |
Type of file system. disk—The file system is for a flash memory device, USB flash, and crashinfo file. network—The file system for network devices; for example, an FTP server or and HTTP server. nvram—The file system is for a NVRAM device. opaque—The file system is a locally generated pseudo file system (for example, the system) or a download interface, such as brimux. unknown—The file system is an unknown type. |
Flags |
Permission for file system. ro—read-only. rw—read/write. wo—write-only. |
Prefixes |
Alias for file system. crashinfo:—Crashinfo file. flash:—Flash file system. ftp:—FTP server. http:—HTTP server. https:—Secure HTTP server. nvram:—NVRAM. null:—Null destination for copies. You can copy a remote file to null to find its size. rcp:—Remote Copy Protocol (RCP) server. scp:—Session Control Protocol (SCP) server. system:—Contains the system memory, including the running configuration. tftp:—TFTP network server. usbflash0:—USB flash memory. xmodem:—Obtain the file from a network machine by using the Xmodem protocol. ymodem:—Obtain the file from a network machine by using the Ymodem protocol. |
Setting the Default File System
You can specify the file system or directory that the system uses as the default file system by using the cd filesystem: privileged EXEC command. You can set the default file system to omit the filesystem: argument from related commands. For example, for all privileged EXEC commands that have the optional filesystem: argument, the system uses the file system specified by the cd command.
By default, the default file system is flash:.
You can display the current default file system as specified by the cd command by using the pwd privileged EXEC command.
Displaying Information About Files on a File System
You can view a list of the contents of a file system before manipulating its contents. For example, before copying a new configuration file to flash memory, you might want to verify that the file system does not already contain a configuration file with the same name. Similarly, before copying a flash configuration file to another location, you might want to verify its filename for use in another command. To display information about files on a file system, use one of the privileged EXEC commands listed in the following table.
Command |
Description |
---|---|
dir [/all] [filesystem:filename] |
Displays a list of files on a file system. |
show file systems |
Displays more information about each of the files on a file system. |
show file information file-url |
Displays information about a specific file. |
show file descriptors |
Displays a list of open file descriptors. File descriptors are the internal representations of open files. You can use this command to see if another user has a file open. |
For example, to display a list of all files in a file system, use the dir privileged EXEC command:
switch# dir flash: Directory of flash:/ 7386 -rwx 2097152 Jan 23 2013 14:06:49 +00:00 nvram_config 7378 drwx 4096 Jan 23 2013 09:35:11 +00:00 mnt 7385 -rw- 221775876 Jan 23 2013 14:15:13 +00:00 cat3k_caa-universalk9.SSA.03.12.02.EZP.150-12.02.EZP.150-12.02.EZP.bin 7389 -rwx 556 Jan 21 2013 20:47:30 +00:00 vlan.dat 712413184 bytes total (445063168 bytes free) switch#
Changing Directories and Displaying the Working Directory (CLI)
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to change directories and to display the working directory:
1.
dir
filesystem:
2.
cd
directory_name
3.
pwd
4.
cd
DETAILED STEPS
Creating Directories (CLI)
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to create a directory:
1.
dir
filesystem:
2.
mkdir
directory_name
3.
dir
filesystem:
DETAILED STEPS
Removing Directories
To remove a directory with all its files and subdirectories, use the delete /force /recursive filesystem:/file-url privileged EXEC command.
Use the /recursive keyword to delete the named directory and all subdirectories and the files contained in it. Use the /force keyword to suppress the prompting that confirms a deletion of each file in the directory. You are prompted only once at the beginning of this deletion process.
For filesystem, use flash: for the system board flash device. For file-url, enter the name of the directory to be deleted. All of the files in the directory and the directory are removed.
Caution | When directories are deleted, their contents cannot be recovered. |
Copying Files
To copy a file from a source to a destination, use the copy source-url destination-url privileged EXEC command. For the source and destination URLs, you can use running-config and startup-config keyword shortcuts. For example, the copy running-config startup-config command saves the currently running configuration file to the NVRAM section of flash memory to be used as the configuration during system initialization.
You can also copy from special file systems (xmodem:, ymodem:) as the source for the file from a network machine that uses the Xmodem or Ymodem protocol.
Network file system URLs include ftp:, rcp:, and tftp: and have these syntaxes:
FTP—ftp:[[//username [:password]@location]/directory]/filename
RCP—rcp:[[//username@location]/directory]/filename
TFTP—tftp:[[//location]/directory]/filename
Local writable file systems include flash:.
Some invalid combinations of source and destination exist. Specifically, you cannot copy these combinations:
- Copying Files from One SwitchControllerDevice in a Stack to Another SwitchControllerDevice in the Same Stack
- Deleting Files
Copying Files from One SwitchControllerDevice in a Stack to Another SwitchControllerDevice in the Same Stack
To copy a file from one switch in a stack to another switch in the same stack, use the flash-X: notation, where X is the switch number.
To view all switches in a stack, use the show switch command in privileged EXEC mode, as in the following example of a 9-member switch stack:
SwitchControllerDevice# show switch
Switch/Stack Mac Address : 0006.f6b9.b580 - Local Mac Address Mac persistency wait time: Indefinite
H/W Current
Switch# Role Mac Address Priority Version State
------------------------------------------------------------
*1 Active 0006.f6b9.b580 15 P3B Ready
2 Standby 0006.f6ba.0c80 14 P3B Ready
3 Member 0006.f6ba.3300 7 P3B Ready
4 Member 0006.f6b9.df80 6 P3B Ready
5 Member 0006.f6ba.3880 13 P1A Ready
6 Member 1ce6.c7b6.ef00 4 PP Ready
7 Member 2037.06ce.2580 3 P2A Ready
8 Member 2037.0653.7e00 2 P5A Ready
9 Member 2037.0653.9280 1 P5B Ready
To view all file systems available to copy on a specific switch, use the copy command as in the following example of a 5-member stack:
SwitchControllerDevice# copy flash: ? crashinfo-1: Copy to crashinfo-1: file system crashinfo-2: Copy to crashinfo-2: file system crashinfo-3: Copy to crashinfo-3: file system crashinfo-4: Copy to crashinfo-4: file system crashinfo-5: Copy to crashinfo-5: file system crashinfo: Copy to crashinfo: file system flash-1: Copy to flash-1: file system flash-2: Copy to flash-2: file system flash-3: Copy to flash-3: file system flash-4: Copy to flash-4: file system flash-5: Copy to flash-5: file system flash: Copy to flash: file system ftp: Copy to ftp: file system http: Copy to http: file system https: Copy to https: file system null: Copy to null: file system nvram: Copy to nvram: file system rcp: Copy to rcp: file system revrcsf: Copy to revrcsf: file system running-config Update (merge with) current system configuration scp: Copy to scp: file system startup-config Copy to startup configuration stby-crashinfo: Copy to stby-crashinfo: file system stby-flash: Copy to stby-flash: file system stby-nvram: Copy to stby-nvram: file system stby-rcsf: Copy to stby-rcsf: file system stby-usbflash0: Copy to stby-usbflash0: file system syslog: Copy to syslog: file system system: Copy to system: file system tftp: Copy to tftp: file system tmpsys: Copy to tmpsys: file system usbflash0-1: Copy to usbflash0-1: file system usbflash0-2: Copy to usbflash0-2: file system usbflash0-3: Copy to usbflash0-3: file system usbflash0-4: Copy to usbflash0-4: file system usbflash0-5: Copy to usbflash0-5: file system usbflash0: Copy to usbflash0: file system SwitchControllerDevice#
This example shows how to copy a config file stored in the flash partition of switch 2 to the flash partition of switch 4. It assumes that switch 2 and switch 4 are in the same stack.
SwitchControllerDevice# copy flash-2:config.txt flash-4:config.txt
Deleting Files
When you no longer need a file on a flash memory device, you can permanently delete it. To delete a file or directory from a specified flash device, use the delete [/force] [/recursive] [filesystem:]/file-url privileged EXEC command.
Use the /recursive keyword for deleting a directory and all subdirectories and the files contained in it. Use the /force keyword to suppress the prompting that confirms a deletion of each file in the directory. You are prompted only once at the beginning of this deletion process. Use the /force and /recursive keywords for deleting old software images that were installed by using the archive download-sw command but are no longer needed.
If you omit the filesystem: option, the switch uses the default device specified by the cd command. For file-url, you specify the path (directory) and the name of the file to be deleted.
When you attempt to delete any files, the system prompts you to confirm the deletion.
Caution | When files are deleted, their contents cannot be recovered. |
SwitchControllerDevice# delete myconfig
Creating, Displaying and Extracting Files (CLI)
You can create a file and write files into it, list the files in a file, and extract the files from a file as described in the next sections.
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to create a file, display the contents, and extract it:
1.
archive tar
/create
destination-url
flash:
/file-url
2.
archive tar
/table
source-url
3.
archive
tar /xtract
source-url flash:/file-url [dir/file...]
4.
more [
/ascii | /binary | /ebcdic] /file-url
DETAILED STEPS
Additional References
Related Documents
Related Topic |
Document Title |
---|---|
Commands for managing flash: file systems |
Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference |
Error Message Decoder
Description | Link |
---|---|
To help you research and resolve system error messages in this release, use the Error Message Decoder tool. |
https://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/Errordecoder/index.cgi |
Standards
Standards |
Title |
---|---|
No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature. |
-- |
MIBs
MIBs |
MIBs Link |
---|---|
No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature. |
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: |
RFCs
RFCs |
Title |
---|---|
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been modified by this feature. |
-- |
Technical Assistance
Description |
Link |
---|---|
The Cisco Support website provides extensive online resources, including documentation and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. To receive security and technical information about your products, you can subscribe to various services, such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. |