Deployment of Universal ZTNA Solution

Universal ZTNA provides a secure and controlled way to access application based on zero trust principles. Aa discussed earlier, an administrator workflow includes setting up the infrastructure (onboarding Secure Access and Firewall to Security Cloud Control), configuring policies on Secure Access, deploying those policies to the enforcement point (Threat Defense devices), and monitoring the solution to ensure it is working as expected.

An administrator can deploy universal ZTNA solution to achieve the following outcomes:

  • Optimal path for traffic based on the user location

  • Private inspection for sensitive applications

Outcome 1: Optimal Path for User Traffic

Universal ZTNA uses the trusted network detection (TND) mechanism to detect whether a user is inside a trusted network (on-premises) or in an untrusted network (remote). Based on this location, universal ZTNA dynamically steers user traffic through the nearest enforcement point, ensuring security and optimal performance.

On-premises users: When a user logs in through the office network, user traffic is routed through the local Firewall (Threat Defense device), which acts as the enforcement point. This routing prevents unnecessary traffic through the cloud, avoiding latency and optimizing network performance.

Remote users: When a user is located ouside a trusted network, user traffic is proxied through the cloud-based Secure Access service, which evaluates policies and proxies traffic securely in the cloud.

Trusted Network Detection

Trusted network detection (TND) identifies if a user or device is connected to a trusted internal network, such as a corporate LAN, or to an untrusted external network, such as public Wi-Fi. TND determines the network context of a user or device before granting access to applications or resources.

Secure Access enables you to define a trusted network based on specific criteria, such as DNS server addresses, DNS domains, and trusted servers. These trusted networks are included in TND profiles, which are then updated on the Secure Client.

When a user requests access to network resources, the Secure Client installed on the user's device detects the network context of the user. It includes this network information in the access request to Secure Access. Secure Access evaluates the TND data and determines how to route the user's access request:

  • If the user is on a trusted network and the TND criteria match, the access request is routed through the on-premises firewall.

  • If the TND criteria do not match, Secure Access identifies the user as being on an untrusted network and fulfills the access request through the cloud.

This hybrid approach ensures secure and optimized access to private network resources.

Sample Scenario

For example, Lee works from the office campus, and John works from home. They intend to access their HR resource, available at https://workday.acme.com.

You will learn how traffic flow is optimized for both Lee and John.

Data Flow for an On-Premises User

For a user operating within the private network, traffic to an internal resource is directed to the on-premises Threat Defense device, rather than being routed through the cloud.

In the sample scenario, Lee is working from the office campus and tries to access the internal resource workday.acme.com through a browser.

Workflow

Figure 1. Universal ZTNA Data Flow for On-Premises User

This sequence of events occurs when Lee tries to access the internal resource, https://workday.acme.com, from the office campus (trusted network):

  1. Secure Client Request: The secure client installed on Lee’s laptop intercepts the connection and sends a connect request to Secure Access.

  2. Secure Access Policy Evaluation and Response: Secure Access evaluates the request based on the configured policies. These policies consider factors such as Lee’s identity, device posture, and the application being requested. Since Lee is entitled to access this application, Secure Access authenticates Lee’s credentials and authorizes the access request. It then sends a redirect message with a token as the response. Since Lee is within a trusted network, Secure Access redirects the Secure Client to the Threat Defense device.

  3. Secure Client Sends Access Request to Threat Defense: Secure Client sends a connect request to the Firewall Threat Defense device, providing the token and requesting access to workday.acme.com.

  4. Firewall Threat Defense Validates and Enforces Security Profiles: Threat Defense device uses its configured DNS server to resolve the internal resource’s FQDN to an IP address on the internal network. Threat Defense validates the token sent by Secure Client and responds with OK as the response. This establishes a connection between the Secure Client and the Threat Defense device. Threat Defense allows user access to https://workday.acme.com and enforces security policies, such as IPS, file, and malware protection on the user traffic.

Data Flow for a Remote User

For a user operating from outside the private network, traffic to an internal private resource is directed through the cloud.

Summary

In the sample scenario, John is working from home and tries to access the internal resource workday.acme.com through the browser.

Workflow

Figure 2. Universal ZTNA Data Flow for Remote User

This sequence of events ocurs when John tries to access the internal resource (https://workday.acme.com) from outside the office campus (untrusted network):

  1. Secure Client intercepts the request: The Secure Client on John’s laptop checks and finds that https://workday.acme.com is a ZTNA-enabled application. It sends a connect request to Secure Access.

  2. Secure Access Policy Evaluation and Response: Secure Access evaluates the policies and the user identity. Trusted Network Detection mechanism recognizes that the request has originated from an untrusted network. Secure Access Gateway establishes a connection to the Resource Connector, which then connects to workday.acme.com residing on the private network.

Traffic from John's laptop to the private resource is routed through the Secure Access cloud.

Data Flow for a Branch User

An enterprise network normally deploys multiple firewalls to enhance security and network segmentation. Consider one such scenario where the private resources in a large enterprise are protected by a firewall at the Data Center. The branch offices are protected by branch firewalls and connect to the main campus through site-to-site virtual private network (VPN).

Figure 3. Universal ZTNA Data Flow for a Branch User

As with any universal ZTNA user, authentication and authorization happen in Secure Access. The Secure Client on the branch user's device obtains the authentication token from Secure Access and redirects the user to the Data Center firewall for access to private resources.

Data traffic from a branch user terminates at the edge firewall, which then establishes a connection with the Data Center firewall to forward the traffic.

Configuration Workflow for Outcome 1

This table describes the key steps for enabling the optimal path for traffic. For detailed instructions, refer to the Universal Zero Trust Access Configuration Guide.


Note

Unless specified otherwise, the term Firewall Management Center refers to both the cloud-delivered and on-premises Firewall Management Center.

Configuration Task

Description

1. Onboard Secure Access and Security Cloud Control Firewall Management to Security Cloud Control

  1. In a Security Cloud Control organization, claim a subscription to activate Secure Access and Security Cloud Control Firewall Management.

    Enable the cloud-delivered Firewall Management Center if you have one.

  2. Configure user management in Secure Access: configure users and groups, either manually or integrate an identity provider.

  3. Configure one or more trusted networks through Secure Access. We recommend configuring a default trusted network. Secure Access automatically assigns a default trusted network to a universal ZTNA-enabled Firewall Threat Defense device.

  4. Update Secure Access with the CA certificate for the ZTNA user.

2. Prepare and set up Firewall Management Center and Firewall Threat Defense devices

  1. Install the universal ZTNA build on the devices. Ensure that the Firewall Management Center has a smart license registered.

  2. Specify these configurations on the Management Center for the Firewall Threat Defense device:

    1. Routed interfaces to route the traffic

    2. Platform settings

    3. Domain Name Server (DNS) to resolve the IP address of the internal resources.

  3. Onboard the on-premises Firewall Management Center to Security Cloud Control.

3. Configure the Threat Defense devices

  1. Enable universal zero trust network access settings for the Firewall Threat Defense device (Security Cloud Control > Security Devices > (Firewall Threat Defense device)):

    1. Configure the device FQDN, inside interface, outside interface, and PKCS #12 certificate to enable universal ZTNA.

    2. Deploy the changes.

    3. The device reboots for the system to reallocate resources for universal ZTNA components.

      During the reboot, traffic through this device is disrupted. If a High Availability pair of devices are deployed, both the devices are rebooted simultaneously, causing a traffic disruption.

      To see the events during the deployment process, click Device Actions > Workflows on the Security Devices page.

    After the devices reboots, it is connects to Secure Access.

  2. Check the availability of the Threat Defense device under Secure Access.

    1. Choose Secure Access > Connect > Network Connections .

    2. Click the FTD tab.

      Universal ZTNA-enabled devices are displayed.

For more information, see "Configure Security Devices" in the Universal Zero Trust Network Access Configuration Guide.

4. Configure a private resource (workday.acme.com ) on Secure Access

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Resources > Destinations > Private Resources and click +Add.

    Specify the internally reachable addresses of the resource. Secure Access uses this address, which can be an FQDN or an IP address, to communicate with the resource.

  2. Specify how users can access this private resource:

    Under Endpoint Connection Methods, choose Zero-trust connections > Client-based connection.

  3. Specify the enforcement points:

    Select Cloud or Local.

    From the Local enforcement points drop-down list, select a device to enforce the policies.

  4. Save your configuration.

For more information about creating a private resource, see "Configure Private Resource" in the Universal Zero Trust Network Access Configuration Guide.

5. Create an access policy to allow users access to the private resource

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Secure > Policy > Access Policy > Add Rule > Private Access.

  2. Specify the resources you created in the earlier steps. An endpoint can access these resources.

Next, follow the on-screen prompts to configure security such as Intrusion Prevention (IPS).

6. Associate the private resource to the Firewall Threat Defense Device

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Connect > Network Connections > FTDs.

  2. Click a device in the FTD Name column.

    A slide-in pane displays details of the selected Firewall Threat Defense device.

  3. Verify that the Threat defense device is associated with a trusted network. Assigning a trusted network to the device allows universal ZTNA to route user traffic to the correct Threat Defense device. Also, the device inspects and enforces security policies on traffic originating from or destined to that trusted network. This ensures that even trusted networks are continuously monitored for threats and policy compliance.

    To assign a trusted network to the Threat Defense device, perform these steps:

    1. Click Assign a Trusted Network.

    2. From the Trusted Networks drop-down list, select a trusted network to map to the device.

    3. Click Save.

  4. Under Associated Resources, click Associate Resource.

  5. In the Associate Private Resources with FTD window:

    Select the private resource from the Use this FTD to enforce policy for private resources only when a user is in a trusted network drop-down list.

  6. Click Save.

7. Wait for the UZTNA Configuration Status to display “Synced”.

Secure Access policy and access configurations are automatically deployed to the Firewall Threat Defense device. Successful configuration synchronization displays a "Synced" status.

8. End User Device Configuration

  1. Install Secure Client version 5.1.10 or later on the user devices.

    Ensure that the client runs on a platform that supports Trusted Platform Module (TPM), such as Windows 11.

  2. Enroll the user with Secure Access using the device enrollment certificate.

  3. Enable the Zero Trust Access module in Secure Client.

For information on setting up Secure Client, see Secure Client Administration Guide.

Outcome 2: Private Inspection for Sensitive Applications

Universal ZTNA enables private inspection of sensitive applications such as source code, and internal applications. It allows traffic destined for these applications to be inspected locally by the firewall instead of routing it through the cloud. This ensures that sensitive data remains within the trusted network perimeter and is subject to inspection policies, including Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) policies, file policies, and malware policies.

On-premises users and remote users: Traffic is routed through the local firewall (Threat Defense device), which acts as the enforcement point.

Data Flow to a Sensitive Application from a Remote User

For a user operating from outside the private network, the local firewall directs traffic to a sensitive private resource.

In the sample scenario, John is working from home and tries to access a sensitive internal resource, payroll.acme.com, through the browser.

Workflow

Figure 4. Universal ZTNA Traffic Flow for Remote User

This is the sequence of events that happen when John tries to access the internal resource (payroll.acme.com) from an untrusted network:

  1. Secure Client Request: The secure client installed on John's laptop intercepts the connection and sends a connect request to Secure Access.

  2. Secure Access Policy Evaluation and Response: Secure Access evaluates the request based on the configured policies. These policies consider factors like John's identity, device posture, and application being requested. Because John is an employee who is entitled to access his payroll information, Secure Access authenticates John's credentials and authorizes the access request. It then sends a response with a token, redirecting Secure Client to the Threat Defense device.

  3. Secure Client Sends Access Request to Threat Defense Device: Secure Client sends a connect request to the Firewall Threat Defense device, providing the token and requesting access to payroll.acme.com.

  4. Threat Defense Device Validates the Request: The Threat Defense device uses its configured DNS server to resolve the internal resource’s FQDN to an IP address on the internal network. It validates the token sent by Secure Client and responds with OK as the response.

  5. Threat Defense Device Enforces Security Policies: Threat Defense enforces the security policies, including IPS, file, and malware policies on the user traffic to payroll.acme.com.

Configuration Workflow for Outcome 2

This table lists the key steps to enable private inspection for sensitive applications. For detailed configuration steps, refer to the Universal Zero Trust Access Configuration Guide.


Note

Unless specified otherwise, the term Firewall Management Center refers to both cloud-delivered and on-premises Firewall Management Center.

Configuration Task

Description

1. Onboard Secure Access and Firewall in Security Cloud Control

  1. In a Security Cloud Control organization, claim a subscription to activate Secure Access and Security Cloud Control Firewall Management.

  2. Configure user management in Secure Access by setting up users and groups, either manually or by integrating with an identity provider.

    Enable the cloud-delivered Firewall Management Center if you have one.

  3. Update Secure Access with the CA certificate for the ZTNA user.

2. Prepare and set up Firewall Management Center and Firewall Threat Defense devices

  1. Install the universal ZTNA build on the devices. Ensure that the Firewall Management Center has a smart license registered.

  2. Specify these configurations on the Management Center for the Firewall Threat Defense device:

    1. Routed interfaces to route the traffic

    2. Platform settings

    3. Domain Name Server (DNS) to resolve the IP address of the internal resources

  3. Onboard the on-premises Firewall Management Center to Security Cloud Control.

3. Configure the Threat Defense devices

  1. Enable universal zero trust network access settings for the Firewall Threat Defense device (Security Cloud Control > Security Devices > (Firewall Threat Defense device)):

    1. Configure the device FQDN, inside interface, outside interface, and PKCS #12 certificate to enable universal ZTNA.

    2. Deploy the changes.

    3. The device reboots for the system to reallocate resources for universal ZTNA components.

      During the reboot, traffic through this device is disrupted. If a High Availability pair of devices are deployed, both the devices are rebooted simultaneously, causing a traffic disruption.

      To see the events during the deployment process, click Device Actions > Workflows on the Security Devices page.

    After the devices reboots, it is connected to Secure Access.

  2. Check the availability of the Threat Defense device under Secure Access.

    1. Choose Secure Access > Connect > Network Connections .

    2. Click the FTD tab.

      Universal ZTNA-enabled devices are displayed.

For more information, see "Configure Security Devices" in the Universal Zero Trust Network Access Configuration Guide.

4. Configure a private resource (payroll.acme.com ) on Secure Access

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Resources > Destinations > Private Resources and click +Add.

    Specify the method Secure Access uses to communicate with the resource.

  2. Specify how users can access this private resource: Under Endpoint Connection Methods, choose Zero-trust connections > Client-based connection.

  3. Specify the enforcement points: select Local only

    From the Local enforcement points drop-down list, select a device to enforce the policies.

  4. Save your configuration.

With this configuration, traffic to the selected private resource is proxied through the selected Threat Defense device, regardless of the user location.

5. Create an Access Policy to allow users access to the private resource.

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Secure > Policy > Access Policy > Add Rule > Private Access.

  2. Specify the resources that an endpoint can access.

Next, follow the on-screen prompts to configure security such as Intrusion Prevention (IPS).

6. Associate the private resource to the Firewall Threat Defense Device

In Security Cloud Control:

  1. Choose Secure Access > Connect > Network Connections > FTDs.

  2. Click a device in the FTDName column.

    A slide-in pane displays details of the selected Firewall Threat Defense device.

  3. Under Associated Resources, click Associate Resource.

  4. In the Associate Private Resources with FTD window:

    Select the private resource from the Always use this FTD to enforce policy for these private resources drop-down list.

  5. Click Save.

7. Wait for the UZTNA Configuration Status to display “Synced”.

Secure Access policy and access configurations are automatically deployed to the Firewall Threat Defense device. Successful configuration synchronization displays a "Synced" status.

8. End User Device Configuration

  1. Install Secure Client version 5.1.10 or later on the user devices.

  2. Enroll the user with Secure Access using the device enrollment certificate

  3. Enable Zero Trust Access in Secure Client.

For information on setting up Secure Client, refer to Secure Client Administration Guide.

Monitoring Events

After you deploy universal ZTNA, you can monitor the access events in real time. Traffic to and from the private resources that traverses the Firewall Threat Defense is sent to Secure Access. Secure Access aggregates event logs from all access points and provides a centralized monitoring dashboard.

To see a log of the universal ZTNA activities, do these steps:

  1. In Security Cloud Control, choose Secure Access > Monitor > Activity Search.

  2. Click All under the Filters menu and select ZTNA Client-based.

  3. Choose FTD to monitor the events and policies enforced by the Threat Defense device.