This feature enables you to provide the names of the database, for example LPM, EXT-TCAM, and LEM, in which any prefix of any packet is updated. With this feature, you can efficiently manage your network resources because it allows you to understand the scaling of prefixes. This feature also helps you to understand why a particular IP address configuration for a device fails and thereby helps you in debugging.

See Implementing Cisco Express Forwarding in the IP Addresses and Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

See Cisco Express Forwarding Commands in the IP Addresses and Services Command Reference for Cisco NCS 5500 Series and NCS 540 and NCS 560 Series Routers.

A congestion management system for telemetry data allows each destination a maximum of 4000 outstanding messages. The events are throttled when the outstanding messages exceed 3000; throttling of cadence messages happen when outstanding messages exceed 250. Events have higher priority than cadence messages.

See Telemetry Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Starting with Cisco IOS XR Release 7.1.1, DHCP IPv4 relay agent includes the remote IDs and circuit IDs in relay agent information for DHCP IPv4 relayed packets.

The DHCP IPv4 packets are relayed over a BVI interface, based on the relay information option policy for a relay-agent. The DHCPv4 application includes the Option-82 remote IDs and circuit IDs and forwards it to the server.

For more information see, Network Synchronization Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers, IOS XR Release 7.1.x.

A dying gasp event is a message (or signal) sent by the Host network equipment/router to the NMS element to notify the node is going down. Dying gasp event is triggered when one of the following unrecoverable/recoverable conditions has occurred:

• Complete power failure

• Removal of the input power supplies cable

In IOS XR NCS 540 router, dying gasp event is reported via SNMP trap packets only.

For more information see chapter, Dying Gasp for loss of Power via SNMP in the System Monitoring Configuration Guide, for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Currently, the router supports upto 2K labelled prefixes with Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP). From this release onwards, with the introduction of the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Destination-based Load Balancing (DLB) feature, the router can support higher scale of labelled prefixes.

For more information about the feature, see the chapter Implementing UCMP in the Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The EVPN Single-Active Multihoming for Anycast Gateway IRB feature supports single-active redundancy mode. In this mode, the provider edge (PE) nodes locally connected to an Ethernet Segment load balance traffic to and from the Ethernet Segment based on EVPN service instance (EVI). Within an EVPN service instance, only one PE forwards traffic to and from the Ethernet Segment (ES). This feature supports intersubnet scenario only.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure EVPN IRB chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The Flooding Disable feature prevents forwarding of Broadcast, Unknown-unicast and Multicast (BUM) traffic on the bridge domain. You can disable flooding of BUM traffic at the bridge level or at the interface level. By disabling flooding at the bridge level, you can prevent forwarding of BUM traffic on attachment circuit (AC) and pseudowire (PW).

You can also disable only unknown unicast traffic at the bridge level or at the interface level. By disabling flooding of unknown unicast traffic at the bridge level, you can prevent forwarding of unknown unicast traffic on attachment circuit (AC) and pseudowire (PW).

By disabling flooding of unknown unicast traffic at the interface level, you can prevent forwarding of unknown unicast traffic on AC alone.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Multipoint Layer 2 Services chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Beginning this release, you can:

• classify packets at the ingress on L3 subinterfaces for (CoS, DEI) for IPv4, IPv6, and MPLS flows.

• perform Layer 2 marking of Ethernet packets for (CoS, DEI) for IPv4, IPv6, and MPLS flows in the egress direction on L3 subinterfaces.

For more information, see the Packet Classification Overview and QoS Re-marking of Ethernet Packets in Egress Direction sections in the Modular QoS Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers and the hw-module profile qos ipv6 short command in the Modular QoS Command Reference for Cisco NCS 5500 Series, Cisco NCS 540 Series, and Cisco NCS 560 Series Routers.

With this feature, in addition to setting ingress action such as traffic class and QoS group, you can also mark DSCP in the packet header at ingress.

For more information, see the Ingress Short-Pipe section in the Modular QoS Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers and the match mpls disposition class-map command in the Modular QoS Command Reference for Cisco NCS 5500 Series, Cisco NCS 540 Series, and Cisco NCS 560 Series Routers.

The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is a Spanning tree protocols (STP) variant that allows you to create multiple and independent spanning trees over the same physical network. You can configure the parameters for each spanning tree separately. You can select different network devices as the root bridge or different paths to form the loop-free topology. Therefore, you can block a given physical interface for some of the spanning trees and unblocked for others.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The Multisegment Pseudowire feature allows you to extend L2VPN pseudowires across an inter-AS boundary or across two separate MPLS networks. A multisegment pseudowire connects two or more contiguous pseudowire segments to form an end-to-end multi-hop pseudowire as a single point-to-point pseudowire. These segments act as a single pseudowire, allowing you to:

• Manage the end-to-end service by separating administrative or provisioning domains.

• Keep IP addresses of provider edge (PE) nodes private across interautonomous system (inter-AS) boundaries. Use IP address of autonomous system boundary routers (ASBRs) and treat them as pseudowire aggregation routers. The ASBRs join the pseudowires of the two domains.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Point-to-Point Layer 2 Services chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Support for a notification mechanism using SNMP trap and syslog messages when a TLS certificate is approaching its expiry.

The notifications are sent at the following intervals:

• First notification—This notification is sent 60 days before the expiry of the certificate.

• Repeated notifications—After the first notification, subsequent notifications are sent every week until a week before the expiry of the certificate. In the last week, notifications are sent every day until the certificate expiry date.

See .

The OpenConfig (OC) data models are defined by the OC community to create configuration and retreive operational state data of the network. This release introduces support for the following OC models:

• The OC Bidirectional Forwarding Detection data model, oc-bfd, defines the BFD protocol in multi-vendor environment to configure and get operational state data for the BFD protocol.

• The oc-platform data model supports streaming operational and configuration state data that are related to the underlying characteristics of the device.

See Programmability Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The Per-VLAN Rapid Spanning Tree (PVRST) is the IEEE 802.1w (RSTP) standard implemented per VLAN. PVRST uses point-to-point wiring to provide rapid convergence of the spanning tree. The spanning tree reconfiguration occurs in less than one second with PVRST.

See Per-VLAN Rapid Spanning Tree.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The OpenConfig (OC) data models are defined by the OC community to create configuration and retreive operational state data of the network. The following data models are revised to provide additional capabilities:

• The OC Integrated Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System data model, oc-isis, is enahnced to provide support for additional paths in the data model.

• The oc-policy data model contains general data definitions for use in routing policy. It can be imported by modules that contain protocol-specific policy conditions and actions.

• Enhancement of gNMI specification to include updates from version 0.4.0 to version 0.6.0. Support is extended for the following gNMI features:

  • gNMI support for multiple client roles and primary arbitration

  • Path Target

  • gNMI service registration with the gRPC reflection service to allow clients to determine that gNMI is available on the target

See

For more information about OC models and instructions to use these models, see the Programmability Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The Rewrite of Priority Tag feature allows you to configure rewrite tag for a priority-tagged VLAN. This feature removes the priority-tagged VLAN in the ingress direction and adds the priority-tagged VLAN in the egress direction.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Virtual LANs in Layer 2 VPNs chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

This feature introduces support for “include-all” and “include-any” affinity constraints for configuring Segment Routing Flexible Algorithm for IS-IS.

See the Segment Routing Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

On ingress direction, after matching the traffic based on either the IP Precedence or DSCP value, you can set it to a particular discard-class. At the egress, a congestion avoidance technique such as weighted random early detection (WRED) then uses the assigned discard-class value to determine the probability that a packet is dropped. With the introduction of this feature, if you now set a discard-class of 3, the packet is dropped at ingress itself.

For more information, see the section Packet Marking in the Modular QoS Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) is supported. The HSRP is an IP routing redundancy protocol designed to allow for transparent failover at the first-hop IP router. HSRP provides high network availability, because it routes IP traffic from hosts on networks without relying on the availability of any single router. HSRP is used in a group of routers for selecting an active router and a standby router. An active router is the router of choice for routing packets whereas a standby router is a router that takes over the routing duties when an active router fails, or when pre-set routing conditions are met.

See Implementing HSRP in the IP Addresses and Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

See HSRP Commands in the IP Addresses and Services Command Reference for Cisco NCS 5500 Series and NCS 540 and NCS 560 Series Routers.

The VPLS VFI with BVI as Routed Interface feature allows you to route the VPLS PW traffic dynamically over BVI interface.

Integrated routing and bridging (IRB) enables you to route the packets received from a host on a bridge group and a routed interface using a Bridge-Group Virtual Interface (BVI). The BVI is a virtual interface configured on the router which acts as a gateway routed interface towards the core network.

For more information about this feature, see the Configure Multipoint Layer 2 Services chapter in the L2VPN and Ethernet Services Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Y.1564 or Ethernet Service Activation (or performance test methodology) is a testing procedure which tests service turn-up, installation and troubleshooting of Ethernet-based services.

Y.1564 allows simultaneous testing of multiple Ethernet services and measures. It validates the different service level agreements (SLAs) to ensure the service meets guaranteed performance settings in a controlled test time. It helps to ensure all the services carried by the network meet the SLA objectives at the maximum committed rate proving that under maximum load, the network devices and paths can support the traffic as designed, even under stress.

See System Management Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

IOS XR 540 Router now uses a satellite receiver, also called the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), as the new timing interface. GNSS capability simplifies network synchronization planning, provides flexibility and resilience in resolving network synchronization issues in the hierarchical network.

For more information see chapter, Global Navigation Satellite System in the Network Synchronization Configuration Guide, for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

PTP allows for separate profiles to be defined in order to adapt itself for use in different scenarios. A profile is a specific selection of PTP configuration options that are selected to meet the requirements of a particular application.

For more information see chapter, Understanding PTP in the Network Synchronization Configuration Guide, for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

The SR-TE MPLS Label Imposition Enhancement feature increases the maximum label imposition capabilities of the platform based on ASIC packet recirculation. This enhancement is enabled and disabled dynamically, as the label count changes. For example, if a path requires only 3 MPLS transport labels, the MPLS Label Imposition Enhancement feature is not enabled. You can disable labeled services for SR-TE policies. The label switching database (LSD) needs to know if labeled services are disabled on top of an SR-TE policy to perform proper label stack splitting.

For more information see chapter, Configure SR-TE Policies in the Segment Routing Configuration Guide, for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Starting Cisco IOS XR Release 7.1.1, Y.1731 SLM sessions scale is supported on the following variants on the NCS 540 routers.

• N540-28Z4C-SYS-A

• N540-28Z4C-SYS-D

• N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A

• N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-D

• N540-12Z20G-SYS-A

• N540-12Z20G-SYS-D

• N540X-12Z16G-SYS-A

• N540X-12Z16G-SYS-D

SLM is supported on all transport interfaces such as physical interfaces, bundle interfaces, Layer2 subinterfaces, pseudowire head-end interfaces or attachment circuits and Up and Down MEPs.

For more information, see Synthetic Loss Measurement in the Interface and Hardware Component Configuration Guide for Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers.

Following caveat is applicable to Cisco N540-24Z8Q2C-SYS, N540X-ACC-SYS, and N540-ACC-SYS variants.

Following caveat is applicable to Cisco N540-28Z4C-SYS-A/D, N540-12Z20G-SYS-A/D, N540X-12Z16G-SYS-A/D, and N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A/D variants.

This table lists the Cisco IOS XR Software feature set matrix (packages) with associated filenames.

This table lists the Cisco IOS XR Software feature set matrix (packages) with associated filenames.

Log in to the router and enter the show version command on the Cisco N540-24Z8Q2C-SYS, N540X-ACC-SYS, and N540-ACC-SYS variants:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show version 
Cisco IOS XR Software, Version 7.1.1
Copyright (c) 2013-2020 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Build Information:
Built By     : deenayak
Built On     : Mon Jan 27 01:37:09 PST 2020
Built Host   : iox-lnx-074
Workspace    : /auto/srcarchive15/prod/7.1.1/ncs540/ws
Version      : 7.1.1
Location     : /opt/cisco/XR/packages/
Label        : 7.1.1

cisco NCS-540 () processor
System uptime is 12 hours 46 minutes

Log in to the router and enter the show version command on the Cisco N540-28Z4C-SYS-A/D and N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A/D variants:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show version 
Cisco IOS XR Software, Version 7.1.1 LNT
Copyright (c) 2013-2020 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Build Information:
Built By     : deenayak
Built On     : Mon Jan 27 08:57:08 UTC 2020
Build Host   : iox-lnx-075
Workspace    : /auto/srcarchive15/prod/7.1.1/ncs540l/ws
Version      : 7.1.1
Label        : 7.1.1

cisco NCS540L (C3708 @ 1.70GHz)
System uptime is 12 hours, 9 minutes

Log in to the router and enter the show version command on the Cisco N540-12Z20G-SYS-A/D and N540X-12Z16G-SYS-A/D variants:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show version 
Cisco IOS XR Software, Version 7.1.1 LNT
Copyright (c) 2013-2020 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Build Information:
Built By     : deenayak
Built On     : Mon Jan 27 08:57:08 UTC 2020
Build Host   : iox-lnx-075
Workspace    : /auto/srcarchive15/prod/7.1.1/ncs540l/ws
Version      : 7.1.1
Label        : 7.1.1

cisco NCS540L (C3508 @ 1.60GHz)
System uptime is 12 hours, 9 minutes

Use the show command in EXEC mode to view the hardware components with their current FPD version and status. The status of the hardware must be CURRENT; Running and Programed version must be the same.

Log in to the router and enter the show fpd package and show hw-module fpd commands on the Cisco N540-24Z8Q2C-SYS, N540X-ACC-SYS, and N540-ACC-SYS variants:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show hw-module fpd 
                                                               FPD Versions
                                                               =================
Location   Card type             HWver FPD device       ATR Status   Running Programd
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0/RP0      N540-24Z8Q2C-M        1.0   MB-MIFPGA            CURRENT    0.05    0.05  
0/RP0      N540-24Z8Q2C-M        1.0   Bootloader           CURRENT    1.13    1.13  
0/RP0      N540-24Z8Q2C-M        1.0   CPU-IOFPGA           CURRENT    0.07    0.07  
0/RP0      N540-24Z8Q2C-M        1.0   MB-IOFPGA            CURRENT    0.20    0.20  
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show fpd package 

=============================== ================================================
                                        Field Programmable Device Package
                                ================================================
                                               Req     SW      Min Req   Min Req
Card Type            FPD Description           Reload  Ver     SW Ver  Board Ver
=================== ========================== ====== ======= ======== =========
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-24Z8Q2C-M       Bootloader(A)              YES     1.13    1.13    0.0  
                     CPU-IOFPGA(A)              YES     0.07    0.07    0.0  
                     MB-IOFPGA(A)               YES     0.20    0.20    0.0  
                     MB-MIFPGA                  YES     0.05    0.05    0.0  
                     SATA(A)                    NO      5.00    5.00    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-ACC-SYS         Bootloader(A)              YES     1.13    1.13    0.0  
                     CPU-IOFPGA(A)              YES     0.07    0.07    0.0  
                     MB-IOFPGA(A)               YES     0.20    0.20    0.0  
                     MB-MIFPGA                  YES     0.05    0.05    0.0  
                     SATA(A)                    NO      5.00    5.00    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-X-24Z8Q2C-M     Bootloader(A)              YES     1.13    1.13    0.0  
                     CPU-IOFPGA(A)              YES     0.07    0.07    0.0  
                     MB-IOFPGA(A)               YES     0.20    0.20    0.0  
                     MB-MIFPGA                  YES     0.05    0.05    0.0  
                     SATA(A)                    NO      5.00    5.00    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540X-ACC-SYS        Bootloader(A)              YES     1.13    1.13    0.0  
                     CPU-IOFPGA(A)              YES     0.07    0.07    0.0  
                     MB-IOFPGA(A)               YES     0.20    0.20    0.0  
                     MB-MIFPGA                  YES     0.05    0.05    0.0  
                     SATA(A)                    NO      5.00    5.00    0.0  

Log in to the router and enter the show fpd package and show hw-module fpd commands on the Cisco N540-28Z4C-SYS-A/D, N540-12Z20G-SYS-A/D, N540X-12Z16G-SYS-A/D and N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A/D variants:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show hw-module fpd 
Attribute codes: B golden, P protect, S secure
                                                               FPD Versions
                                                               =================
Location   Card type             HWver FPD device       ATR Status   Running Programd
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   IoFpga               CURRENT    2.03    2.03  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   IoFpgaGolden     B   NEED UPGD          1.31  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   Primary-BIOS      S  CURRENT    1.14    1.14  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   StdbyFpga         S  CURRENT    0.40    0.40  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   StdbyFpgaGolden  BS  NEED UPGD          0.37  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   TamFw             S  CURRENT    4.11    4.11  
0/RP0/CPU0 N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A     1.0   TamFwGolden      BS  CURRENT            4.11  
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:ROUTER#show fpd package 

=============================== ================================================
                                        Field Programmable Device Package
                                ================================================
                                               Req     SW      Min Req   Min Req
Card Type            FPD Description           Reload  Ver     SW Ver  Board Ver
=================== ========================== ====== ======= ======== =========
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-12Z20G-SYS-A    IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-12Z20G-SYS-D    IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-28Z4C-SYS-A     IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540-28Z4C-SYS-D     IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540X-12Z16G-SYS-A   IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540X-12Z16G-SYS-D   IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-A    IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N540X-16Z4G8Q2C-D    IoFpga                     YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     IoFpgaGolden               YES     2.03    2.03    0.0  
                     Primary-BIOS               YES     1.14    1.14    0.0  
                     StdbyFpga                  YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     StdbyFpgaGolden            YES     0.40    0.40    0.0  
                     TamFw                      YES     4.11    4.11    0.0  
                     TamFwGolden                YES     4.11    4.11    0.0