Table Of Contents
Cisco's Next Generation of Routers
Features of the Cisco 12008 Router
AC-Input and DC-Input Power Supplies
Operating Modes of the Power Supplies
Features of the Power Supplies
Characteristics of the Power Supplies
AC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
DC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
Upper Card Cage and Associated Components
Switch Fabric of the Cisco 12008
Lower Card Cage and Associated Components
Power Distribution System in the Cisco 12008
Cisco 12008 Environmental Monitoring Facility
Product Overview
This chapter presents an overview of the Cisco 12008 Gigabit Switch Router.
The following sections are included in this chapter:
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Cisco's Next Generation of Routers
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Cisco's Next Generation of Routers
Cisco Systems' new family of Internet switching and routing products, referred to collectively as the Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Routers, consists of the following models:
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The architecture of the Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Routers provides the following networking capabilities and features:
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The networking capabilities and features of the Cisco 12000 series of routers make them ideally suited to meet the needs of the following classes of users:
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Features of the Cisco 12008 Router
The Cisco 12008 router incorporates a high-speed switching fabric that provides high data-handling capacities for IP-based local- and wide-area networks. is a front view of the Cisco 12008 router.
All of the router's major components and FRUs are accessible from the front of the router enclosure, making the router easy to install, configure, and maintain.
Figure 1-1 Cisco 12008 Gigabit Switch Router
The Cisco 12008 supports the following features:
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The power supplies of both types are hot-swappable, load-sharing units. In a system equipped with two AC-input power supplies or two DC-input power supplies, if one of the units fails or if the power source for one of the units fails, the surviving power supply continues to operate to sustain normal router operations.
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However, the functions performed by the removed card are lost to the system temporarily until the card is either reinstalled or replaced by a like (and identically configured) line card.
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An RP must be installed and operational at all times for normal system operations to be sustained.
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One CSC must be present and operational at all times to maintain normal system operations.
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Any one or all of the SFCs can be removed and replaced at any time without system operations being disrupted or the router being powered down.
For the length of time that any SFC is not functional, its switch fabric is lost to the router as a potential data path for the router's data handling and switching functions.
Separately orderable documents called configuration notes or replacement instructions are available for each of the FRUs described previously. These documents provide installation, removal, replacement, and configuration instructions for the FRUs.
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MBus software running in the RP, in combination with LEDs on the CSC faceplate, keep site personnel informed regarding the operational state of the router.
By signaling alarm conditions, such as component overheating or out-of-tolerance voltages, the router enables you to resolve adverse environmental conditions before operational limits are exceeded, thus preventing the router from shutting down.
The MBus facility of the router is described in greater detail in the section entitled "Cisco 12008 Environmental Monitoring Facility" on page 75.
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Overview of the Cisco 12008
The Cisco 12008 is a modular system consisting of the elements shown in .
The following sections describe the major elements of the Cisco 12008 in greater detail.
Figure 1-2 Major Components of the Cisco 12008
Router Enclosure
The outer shell of the Cisco 12008 is a rigid, sheet metal structure with the following dimensions:
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This enclosure, which houses all of the router's internal components, can be mounted in a telco rack or a four-post equipment rack, or the enclosure can be used as a freestanding unit.
The design of the enclosure permits front accessibility of all router components. All router components plug into a backplane that provides operating power for the components and interconnects them with each other.
The backplane, which is covered by a sheet metal panel that helps to completely enclose the rear of the router, incorporates a nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM) module that stores the backplane serial number for identification and revision control purposes. The contents of the NVRAM module are accessible from any line card slot.
Cable-Management System
The cable-management system provides an orderly and convenient way for you to manage the network interface cables running to and from the receive and transmit ports of installed line cards.
Consisting of a cable-management tray and a vertical cable-management bracket (one bracket for each installed line card), the cable-management system (see ) secures the network interface cables neatly in place. The cable management system helps to optimize optical cable performance by eliminating any kinks or sharp bends in the cables. Extreme curvatures in optical cables tend to degrade their performance.
The elements of the cable-management system are shown in and described briefly in the following sections:
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The cable management tray enables you to route the line card interface cables to or from the system through the left side of the tray, keeping the cables organized, out of the way, and free of kinks or sharp bends.
You direct the cables down to the individual ports on each line card, gauging cable length appropriately to minimize slack in the cable before connecting it to a given port.
Figure 1-3 Cable-Management System
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Once an interface cable is connected to its intended line card port, you loop the cable through the cable keeper clip nearest the port of connection and seat the cable in the bottom of the bracket raceway.
Thus, the vertical cable-management bracket enables you to neatly "dress" all the interface cables in place as you connect them to the individual line card ports.
Later, when you remove or replace a line card, you need only disconnect the cables from the individual line card ports (leaving the cables intact within the vertical cable-management bracket) and detach the bracket from the line card to be replaced.
When you install the new line card, you merely reattach the vertical cable-management bracket to the new line card and reconnect the interface cables to the appropriate line card port(s).
Card Cage Fan Tray
The card cage fan tray is located in the lower card cage behind the air filter assembly (see ). This fan tray maintains the operating temperature of the router's electronic circuitry within an acceptable range.
Designed for simplicity, the card cage fan tray incorporates six fans mounted on a sheet metal carrier. The assembly also contains associated wiring and a connector in the back of the unit that enables it to draw operating power through the backplane from a DC-DC converter on the CSC.
Guide rails in the sides of the lower card cage facilitate insertion and removal of the fan tray assembly, which is secured in place by means of a captive installation screw on each side of the metal carrier.
Under normal operating conditions, the variable-speed fans in the card cage fan tray operate at a reduced rate to
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If an overtemperature condition or a fan failure is detected within the router, the master MBus module on the RP directs the MBus module on the clock and scheduler card (CSC) to increase the operating voltage being delivered to the fan tray, causing the card cage fans to run at "maximum" speed. This increases the volume of cooling air flowing through the router.
If the increased fan speed does not alleviate the overtemperature condition in the affected board, the MBus module on the board shuts down the board's power supply, taking the board offline to protect it from thermal damage.
The MBus facility of the Cisco 12008 router is described in greater detail in the section entitled "Cisco 12008 Environmental Monitoring Facility" on page 75.
Power Supply Fan Tray
The power supply fan tray is in the bottom of the power supply bays (see ). This fan tray maintains the temperature of the installed power supply(ies) within an acceptable range.
Also designed for simplicity, the power supply fan tray incorporates four fans mounted on a sheet metal carrier. The fan tray assembly contains associated wiring and a connector in the back of the unit that enables it to draw operating power through the backplane from a DC-DC converter on the CSC.
A captive installation screw mounted on the fan tray faceplate and guide rails in the sides of the power supply bay facilitate insertion and removal of the unit. Once the unit is inserted, you secure it in place by tightening the captive installation screw clockwise.
Similar to the card cage fan tray, the power supply fan tray is closely tied to the router's overall environmental monitoring system. If an overheating condition or a fan failure is detected within the router, the voltage being delivered to the power supply fans by the CSC is also increased, thereby causing the power supply fans to run at "maximum speed" to increase the volume of cooling passing through the power supply bays.
AC-Input and DC-Input Power Supplies
The Cisco 12008 router can be configured to operate with AC source power or DC source power. You can install one or two AC-input power supplies or one or two DC-input power supplies in the power supply bays located in the right side of the router enclosure (see ).
A single power supply of either type is the standard router configuration. In such a configuration, it is recommended that you install the power supply in the lower bay.
You can install a second (optional and redundant) power supply of the same type for backup purposes.
CautionA vacant power supply bay must be covered with a blank filler panel to ensure proper flow of cooling air through the power supply bays and to satisfy EMI compliance requirements.
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shows an AC-input power supply; shows a DC-input power supply.
Figure 1-4 AC-Input Power Supply
Figure 1-5 DC-Input Power Supply
Operating Modes of the Power Supplies
The AC-input and DC-input power supplies operate in either of two modes:
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The online insertion and removal (OIR) capability of the router enables you to add or remove a redundant power supply without introducing noise in the DC operating voltages being supplied to the backplane.
Features of the Power Supplies
The AC-input and DC-input power supplies incorporate the following features:
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The environmental monitoring system includes identical MBus modules on all of the router circuit boards, including the RP. This system enables you to perform router functions and to respond to alarm conditions (such as overtemperature or overvoltage conditions).
An alarm condition in the router causes the MBus module on the CSC to illuminate an appropriate LED on the card faceplate, providing a visible notification of the alarm condition.
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Characteristics of the Power Supplies
The AC-input and the DC-input power supplies have the following characteristics:
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AC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
This section describes the functional elements built into the faceplate of the AC-input power supply (see ).
Figure 1-6 AC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
Rotary Power Switch
The rotary power switch on the power supply faceplate (see ) applies a source AC voltage to the power supply. This switch also actuates an onboard circuit breaker and a latching mechanism that prevents the power supply from being inserted into or removed from the power supply bay when the switch is in the ON (1) position.
When you rotate the rotary power switch 90 degrees to the ON position, the following DC operating voltages are supplied to the backplane:
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Source AC Input Connector
The source AC receptacle on the power supply faceplate (see ) enables an external AC power source to be connected to the power supply. This connector is equipped with a latch that prevents accidental or unintended removal of the AC power cord.
The power specifications for the AC-input power supplies, as well as the source AC power cables available for use with the Cisco 12008 router, are described in Chapter 2 in the section entitled "AC-Powered Systems."
AC-Input Power Supply LEDs
The AC-input power supply faceplate incorporates two LEDs (see ) that provide the following status indications:
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DC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
This section describes the functional elements built into the faceplate of the DC-input power supply (see ).
Figure 1-7 DC-Input Power Supply Faceplate
Rotary Power Switch
The rotary power switch on the DC-input power supply performs the same functions as those described in the section entitled "Rotary Power Switch" on page 18 for the AC-input power supply.
Circuit Breaker Alarm Terminal Block
The onboard power supply circuit breaker actuated by the rotary power switch on the DC-input power supply incorporates an auxiliary switch that is mechanically linked to (but electrically isolated from) the power supply circuit breaker.
When the power supply circuit breaker is tripped by an overcurrent condition in the power supply, this auxiliary switch moves in unison, sending a signal to the circuit breaker alarm terminal block on the power supply faceplate (see ).
To remotely sense when the power supply circuit breaker has been tripped during an overcurrent condition, you can attach an external alarm-monitoring facility to the alarm terminal block. When the power supply circuit breaker is tripped, power is no longer delivered to the backplane and the router ceases to operate. Hence, if you have attached an external alarm monitoring facility to the alarm terminal block, site personnel can be instantly alerted to this serious fault condition.
Typically, an external alarm-monitoring system incorporates a light panel (visible alarm) or a klaxon (audible alarm) as the means for alerting site personnel to an alarm condition.
To reset the alarm contacts on the alarm terminal block, you must turn the rotary power switch on the power supply OFF and then ON again, much as you would reset any circuit breaker.
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The three contacts on the alarm terminal block are labeled as follows:
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summarizes the status of the contacts on the alarm terminal block during an overcurrent condition in the power supply.
Table 1-1 Circuit Breaker Status Indicated by the Alarm Terminal Block
If you decide to use an external alarm-monitoring facility in conjunction with the alarm terminal block, note that the contacts on the alarm terminal block have a rating of 60 VDC at 1A maximum.
Source DC Input Connectors
The faceplate of the DC-input power supply incorporates three sets of terminals for connecting source DC power to the power supply (see ). From top to bottom, these terminals are identified as follows:
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The power specifications for the DC-input power supplies, as well as the specifications of the source DC power cables for use with the Cisco 12008 router, are presented in the section entitled "DC-Powered Systems" on page 16 in Chapter 2.
DC-Input Power Supply LEDs
The DC-input power supply faceplate incorporates two LEDs (see ) that provide the following status indications:
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Upper Card Cage and Associated Components
The upper card cage (see ) contains ten slots that accommodate the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
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Two dedicated slots in the middle of the upper card cage (CSC0 and CSC1) are reserved for the CSCs. Because the backplane connector of a CSC differs significantly from all other card types, you cannot install a CSC in any other slot.
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Although you can install a line card in slot 0, the recommended convention is for the RP to occupy this slot.
Figure 1-8 Upper Card Cage of the Cisco 12008 Router
A minimally configured Cisco 12008 contains the following cards in the upper card cage:
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A Cisco 12008 that is configured for full redundancy contains the following cards in the upper card cage:
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The following sections briefly describe the cards that you can use to populate the upper card cage.
Gigabit Route Processor
Each Cisco 12008 GSR has one main system (or route) processor. The route processor (RP) processes the network routing protocols and distributes updates to the Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) tables on the line cards. The RP also performs general maintenance functions, such as diagnostics, console support, and line card monitoring.
Two types of RPs are available for the Cisco 12008 GSR:
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When not explicitly specified, this document uses the term route processor (RP) to indicate either the GRP or the PRP.
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This section describes the GRP and includes the following information:
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If you have a PRP, see the Performance Route Processor section.
The faceplate of the GRP is shown in .
Figure 1-9 GRP Faceplate (Horizontal Orientation Shown)
It is recommended that you install the GRP in the left-most slot (slot 0) in the upper card cage. However, you need not abide by this recommendation. You can install the GRP in any upper card cage slot, except for the two slots in the middle in the upper card cage (CSC0 and CSC1), which are reserved for the CSCs.
The GRP performs the following functions:
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The GRP communicates with the line cards either through the switch fabric or through a maintenance bus (MBus). The switch fabric connection is the main data path for routing table distribution as well as for packets that are sent between the line cards and the GRP. The MBus connection allows the GRP to download a system bootstrap image, collect or load diagnostic information, and perform general, internal system maintenance operations. The GRP plugs into any slot in the upper card cage in the Cisco 12008 except the rightmost slot, which is reserved for the alarm card.
The GRP contains the following components:
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The Cisco IOS software images that run the Cisco 12008 reside in Flash memory, which is located on the GRP in the form of a single in-line memory module (SIMM), and on up to two Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) cards (called Flash memory cards) that insert in the two PCMCIA slots (slot 0 and slot 1) on the front of the GRP. (See .) Storing the Cisco IOS images in Flash memory enables you to download and boot from upgraded Cisco IOS images remotely or from software images resident in GRP Flash memory.
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The Cisco 12008 supports downloadable system software for most Cisco IOS software upgrades, enabling you to remotely download, store, and boot from a new Cisco IOS software image.
GRP Memory Components
lists the memory components on the GRP. shows the location of the two DRAM SIMMs and the Flash SIMM on the GRP.
Table 1-2 GRP Memory Components
DRAM
641 to 256 MB
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64- or 128-MB DIMMs (based on DRAM required) for main Cisco IOS software functions
SRAM
512 KB (fixed)2
SRAM for secondary CPU cache memory functions
NVRAM
512 KB (fixed)3
MVRAM for the system configuration file
Flash memory SIMM4
8 MB
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Contains Cisco IOS software images and other user-defined files on the GRP
Flash memory (card)
20 MB5
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Contains Cisco IOS software images and other user-defined files on up to two PCMCIA-based Flash memory cards6
Flash boot ROM
512 KB
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Flash EPROM for the ROM monitor program boot image
1 64 MB of DRAM is the default DRAM configuration for the GRP.
2 SRAM is not user configurable or field upgradeable.
3 NVRAM is not user configurable or field upgradeable.
4 The SIMM socket is wired according to Cisco's own design and does not accept industry-standard 80-pin Flash SIMMs.
5 20-MB Flash memory card is the default shipping configuration for the Cisco 12008.
6 A Type 1 or Type 2 PCMCIA card can be used in either PCMCIA slot.
Figure 1-10 Locations of GRP Memory
DRAM
The extended data output (EDO) dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) on the GRP stores routing tables, protocols, and network accounting applications, and runs the Cisco IOS software. The standard (default) GRP DRAM configuration is 64 megabytes (MB) of EDO DRAM, which you can increase up to 256 MB through DRAM upgrades. The Cisco IOS software runs from within GRP DRAM.
Two DRAM DIMM sockets are incorporated into the GRP, as shown in . These sockets, labeled U39 (P4 DRAM bank 1) and U42 (P4 DRAM bank 2), enable you to configure DRAM in increments ranging from 64 MB to 256 MB. lists the available upgrade configurations for DRAM on the GRP.
Table 1-3 DRAM Configurations
64 MB1
MEM-GRP/LC-64(=)
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1 64-MB DIMM
128 MB
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U39 (bank 1) and U42 (bank 2)
2 64-MB DIMMs
128 MB
MEM-GRP/LC-128(=)
U39 (bank 1)
1 128-MB DIMM
256 MB
MEM-GRP/LC-256(=)
U39 (bank 1) and U42 (bank 2)
2 128-MB DIMMs
1 64 MB is the standard (default) DRAM configuration for the GRP.
CautionTo prevent memory problems, DRAM DIMMs must be 3.3 V, 60-nanosecond (ns) devices. Do not attempt to install memory devices in the DIMM sockets that do not meet these requirements.
SRAM
SRAM provides secondary CPU cache memory. The standard GRP configuration is 512 KB. Its principle function is to act as a staging area for routing tables update information to and from the line cards. SRAM is not user configurable or field-upgradeable.
NVRAM
The system configuration, software configuration register settings, and environmental monitoring logs are contained in the 512-KB NVRAM, which is backed up with built-in lithium batteries that retain the contents for a minimum of five years. NVRAM is not user configurable or field-upgradeable.
CautionBefore you replace the GRP in the system, back up the running configuration to a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) file server or an installed Flash memory card so you can retrieve it later. If the configuration is not saved, the entire configuration will be lost—inside the NVRAM on the removed GRP—and you will have to reenter the entire configuration manually. This procedure is not necessary if you are temporarily removing a GRP; lithium batteries retain the configuration in memory until you replace the GRP in the system.
Flash Memory
Both the onboard and PCMCIA card-based Flash memory allow you to remotely load and store multiple Cisco IOS software and microcode images. You can download a new image over the network or from a local server and then add the new image to Flash memory or replace the existing files. You can then boot the routers either manually or automatically from any of the stored images. Flash memory also functions as a TFTP server to allow other servers to boot remotely from stored images or to copy them into their own Flash memory.
System Status LEDs
This section describes the two types of system status LEDs used on the GRP: the LED indicators and the alphanumeric LED displays.
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These alphanumeric displays provide information about the following:
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During the boot process, the alphanumeric LED displays are controlled directly by the MBus. After the boot process, they are controlled by the Cisco IOS software (via the MBus), and display messages designated by the Cisco IOS software.
The following levels of system operation are displayed:
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Soft Reset Switch
A soft reset switch is provided on the GRP faceplate to enable you to reset the software running on the R5000 RISC processor of the GRP. You access this switch through a small aperture in the GRP faceplate. To activate the switch, you can press a ball-point pen or similar pointed instrument into the opening.
CautionTo prevent system problems or loss of data, use the soft reset switch only at the advice of Cisco service personnel.
PCMCIA Slots
The GRP has two PCMCIA slots available. Either slot can support a Flash memory card or an input/output (I/O) device as long as the device requires only +5 VDC. The GRP supports Type 1 and Type 2 devices; it does not support +3.3 VDC PCMCIA devices. Each PCMCIA slot has an ejector button for ejecting a PCMCIA card from the slot.
Asynchronous Serial Ports
Two asynchronous serial ports are provided on the GRP faceplate—a console port and an auxiliary port. These ports enable you to connect external devices that you can use to monitor and manage the system.
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Ethernet Port
The GRP has one Ethernet port that you can access using either of the following connection types:
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Performance Route Processor
Each Cisco 12012 GSR has one main system (or route) processor. The route processor (RP) processes the network routing protocols and distributes updates to the Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) tables on the line cards. The RP also performs general maintenance functions, such as diagnostics, console support, and line card monitoring.
Two types of RPs are available for the Cisco 12012 GSR:
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When not explicitly specified, this document uses the term route processor (RP) to indicate either the GRP or the PRP.
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The section describes the Performance Route Processor (PRP) and includes the following information:
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If you have a GRP, see the Gigabit Route Processor section.
shows the front panel view of the PRP.
Figure 1-11 Performance Route Processor (Front Panel View, Horizontal Orientation Shown)
The PRP is available as Product Number PRP-1=, which includes one PRP with 512 MB of synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) and one 64-MB advanced technology attachment (ATA) Flash disk.
The primary functions of the PRP are as follows:
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The MBus connection allows the PRP to download a system bootstrap image, collect or load diagnostic information, and perform general, internal system maintenance operations. The switch fabric connection is the main data path for routing table distribution as well as for packets that are sent between line cards and the PRP.
The PRP contains the following components:
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The Cisco IOS software images that run the Cisco 12000 series Internet Router system are stored in Flash memory. Two types of Flash memory ship with the PRP:
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Storing the Cisco IOS images in Flash memory enables you to download and boot from upgraded Cisco IOS software images remotely, or from software images that reside in PRP Flash memory.
Cisco 12000 series Internet Routers support downloadable system software for most Cisco IOS software upgrades. This enables you to remotely download, store, and boot from a new Cisco IOS software image. The Cisco IOS software runs from within the PRPs SDRAM.
shows the locations of the various hardware components on the PRP.
Figure 1-12 PRP (Horizontal Orientation)
PRP Memory Components
lists the memory components on the PRP.
Table 1-4
SDRAM1
512 MB, 1 GB, or 2 GB
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512-MB and 1-GB DIMMs (based on desired SDRAM configuration) for main Cisco IOS software functions
SRAM2
2 MB (fixed)
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Secondary CPU cache memory functions
NVRAM3
2 MB (fixed)
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System configuration files, register settings, and logs
Flash memory
64 MB SIMM4
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Cisco IOS boot image (bootflash), crash information, and other user-defined files
Flash disks5
1 or 2
Cisco IOS software images, system configuration files, and other user-defined files on up to two Flash disks
Flash boot ROM
512 KB
1
Flash EPROM for the ROM monitor program boot image
1 Default SDRAM configuration is 512 MB. Bank 1 (U15) must be populated first. You can use one or both banks to
configure SDRAM combinations of 512 MB, 1 GB, or 2 GB. 1.5-GB configurations are not supported.2 SRAM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
3 NVRAM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
4 Flash memory SIMM is not user configurable or field replaceable.
5 ATA Flash disks and Type I and Type II linear Flash memory cards are supported. See the
"Flash Memory" for Flash disk information.
PRP Memory Components
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SDRAM
SDRAM stores routing tables, protocols, and network accounting applications, and runs the Cisco IOS software. The default PRP configuration includes 512 MB of error checking and correction (ECC) SDRAM. DIMM upgrades of 512 MB and 1 GB are available. You cannot mix memory sizes. If two DIMMS are installed, they must be the same memory size.
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SRAM
SRAM provides 2 MB of parity-protected, secondary CPU cache memory. Its principal function is to act as a staging area for routing table updates and for information sent to and received from line cards. SRAM is not user configurable and cannot be upgraded in the field.
NVRAM
NVRAM provides 2 MB of memory for system configuration files, software configuration register settings, and environmental monitoring logs. This information is backed up with built-in lithium batteries that retain the contents for a minimum of 5 years. NVRAM is not user configurable and cannot be upgraded in the field.
Flash Memory
Flash memory allows you to remotely load and store multiple Cisco IOS software and microcode images. You can download a new image over the network or from a local server and then add the new image to Flash memory or replace the existing files. You then can boot the routers either manually or automatically from any of the stored images.
Flash memory also functions as a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server to allow other servers to boot remotely from stored images or to copy them into their own Flash memory. The onboard Flash memory (called bootflash) contains the Cisco IOS boot image, and the Flash disk contains the Cisco IOS software image. A 64-MB ATA Flash disk ships by default with the PRP. lists the supported Flash disk sizes and their Cisco product numbers.
Table 1-5
64 MB2
MEM-12KRP-FD64=
128 MB
MEM-12KRP-FD128=
1 GB
MEM-12KRP-FD1G=
1 Standard Type 1 and Type 2 linear Flash memory cards also are supported, although they may not have the capacity to meet the requirements of your configuration.
2 64-MB ATA Flash disk is the default shipping configuration.
Supported Flash Disk Sizes and Product Numbers
System Status LEDs
The sections describes the two types of system status LEDs used on the PRP: LED indicators and alphanumeric LED displays.
The device or port activity indicators consist of the following functional groups:
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The alphanumeric display LEDs are organized as two rows of four characters each and are located at one end of the card. These LEDs provide system status and error messages that are displayed during and after the boot process. The boot process and the content displayed are controlled by the PRPs MBus module software.
At the end of the boot process, the LEDs are controlled by the Cisco IOS software (via the MBus), and the content displayed is designated by the Cisco IOS software.
The alphanumeric display LEDs provide information about the following:
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Soft Reset Switch
The soft reset switch causes a nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) and places the PRP in ROM monitor mode. When the PRP enters ROM monitor mode, its behavior depends on the setting of the PRP software configuration register. (For more information on the software configuration register, refer to the Configuring the Software Configuration Register section in Chapter 4) For example, when the boot field of the software configuration register is set to 0x0, and you press the NMI switch, the PRP remains at the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>) and waits for a user command to boot the system manually. But if the boot field is set to 0x1, the system automatically boots the first IOS image found in the onboard Flash memory SIMM on the PRP.
CautionThe soft reset (NMI) switch is not a mechanism for resetting the PRP and reloading the IOS image. It is intended for software development use. To prevent system problems or loss of data, use the soft reset switch only on the advice of Cisco service personnel.
Access to the soft reset switch is through a small opening in the PRP faceplate. To press the switch, you must insert a paper clip or similar small pointed object into the opening.
Flash Disk Slots
The PRP includes two Flash disk (PCMCIA) slots. Either slot can support an ATA Flash disk or a Type 1 or Type 2 linear Flash memory card. The PRP ships by default with one 64-MB ATA Flash disk.
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All combinations of different Flash devices are supported by the PRP. You can use ATA Flash disks, Type 1 or Type 2 linear Flash memory cards, or a combination of the two. Each Flash disk slot has an ejector button for ejecting a card from the slot.
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Asynchronous Serial Ports
The PRP has two asynchronous serial ports, the console and auxiliary ports. These allow you to connect external serial devices to monitor and manage the system. Both ports use RJ-45 receptacles.
The console port provides a data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) interface for connecting a console terminal. The auxiliary port provides a data terminal equipment (DTE) interface and supports flow control. It is often used to connect a modem, a channel service unit (CSU), or other optional equipment for Telnet management.
Ethernet Ports
The PRP includes two Ethernet ports, both using an 8-pin RJ-45 receptacle for either IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T (10 Mbps) or IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX (100 Mbps) connections.
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Switch Fabric of the Cisco 12008
The heart of the Cisco 12008 is the switch fabric circuitry, which provides synchronized gigabit speed interconnections between the line cards and the RP. The switch fabric circuitry for the router is incorporated into two cards:
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To achieve a fully redundant switch fabric with a switching capacity of 40 Gbps, you can install two CSCs and three SFCs in the router; the second CSC provides redundancy of CSC functions, as well as redundant switch fabric in the event of CSC or SFC failure.
Each CSC or SFC supports an OC-12 switching rate for the router (622 Mbps). By adding the set of three optional SFC cards, you can increase the switching capacity of the router to an OC-48 rate (2.4 Gbps).
lists the switch fabric bandwidth and the switch card configurations needed to support an OC-12 switching rate or an OC-48 switching rate.
Table 1-6 Switch Fabric Configurations
OC-12 nonredundant
11
0
1
OC-12 redundant
2
0
2
OC-48 nonredundant
1
3
4
OC-48 redundant
2
3
5
1 A CSC is a required router component.
A minimally configured router (one with a single CSC and no SFCs) supports an OC-12 data rate, but provides no redundancy of CSC functions. Adding a second CSC to a system, as well as the three optional SFCs, has the following effects:
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Clock and Scheduler Card
The CSC is a multi-function circuit board that can be installed in one or both of two reserved slots (CSC0 and CSC1) in the middle of the upper card cage (see ). The standard router configuration requires one CSC in either slot CSC0 or slot CSC1. If you configure your router with a single CSC, it is recommended that you install it in CSC1.
Each CSC is mounted on its own card carrier and incorporates an onboard power supply that takes the -48 VDC supplied by the backplane and converts it into the 3.3 VDC operating voltage required by the card's electronics.
As a multi-function board, the CSC provides the following system services:
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These functions are described in the following sections.
