Como configurar um IPSec de LAN para LAN entre um roteador e um PIX usando certificados digitais
Contents
Introduction
Este documento ilustra como configurar um roteador Cisco e um firewall Cisco Secure PIX para executar um IPsec de LAN para LAN usando certificados digitais. Para chegar a essa configuração, é preciso executar as seguintes tarefas:
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Configure o roteador e o PIX.
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Obtenha certificados digitais no roteador e no PIX.
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Configure as políticas de IKE e IPSec no roteador e no PIX e defina que tráfego (tráfego interessante) será criptografado usando IPSec através de uma lista de acesso.
Antes de Começar
Conventions
Para obter mais informações sobre convenções de documento, consulte as Convenções de dicas técnicas Cisco.
Prerequisites
Não existem requisitos específicos para este documento.
Componentes Utilizados
As informações neste documento são baseadas nas versões de software e hardware abaixo.
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Cisco 1700 Router
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Cisco IOS® Software Versão 12.2(6)
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Cisco PIX Firewall 520
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PIX Firewall versão 6.0.1.
As informações neste documento foram criadas a partir de dispositivos em um ambiente de laboratório específico. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. Se você estiver trabalhando em uma rede ativa, certifique-se de que entende o impacto potencial de qualquer comando antes de utilizá-lo.
Material de Suporte
Em nosso exemplo, definimos o endereço de rede do host A (endereço de origem) e o endereço de rede do host B (endereço de destino) como o tráfego que o IPSec criptografará no PIX. A lista de acesso no roteador é a imagem espelhada da lista de acesso no PIX.
Configuramos o PIX e o roteador de modo que os hosts que residem na LAN interna dos dois dispositivos usem seus endereços privados enquanto passam pelo túnel IPSec. No PIX, os comandos access-list e nat 0 trabalham juntos. Quando o host A na rede 192.168.4.0 vai para a rede 1.1.1.0, a lista de acesso permite que o tráfego de rede 192.168.4.0 seja criptografado sem a NAT (Network Address Translation). No entanto, quando alguns desses usuários vão para algum outro lugar, eles são convertidos no endereço 172.16.172.57 por meio de Conversão de Endereço de Porta (PAT). No roteador, os comandos route-map e access-list permitem que o tráfego de rede 1.1.1.0 seja criptografado sem NAT. No entanto, quando o mesmo Host B vai para qualquer outro lugar, eles são convertidos para o endereço 172.16.172.39 através do PAT.
Para testar a configuração, fizemos ping do host A atrás do PIX Firewall para o host B atrás do roteador. Quando o pacote IP chegou ao PIX Firewall, ele correspondeu à lista de acesso e, portanto, iniciou a negociação de IPSec. Assim, o PIX é o iniciador e o roteador é o respondente durante a negociação de IPSec. Para fins de identificação e solução de problemas, você precisa examinar as depurações de criptografia do PIX e do roteador.
Diagrama de Rede
Este documento utiliza a instalação de rede mostrada no diagrama abaixo.
Configurando o roteador e o firewall de PIX
Configurações
Nesta seção, você encontrará informações para configurar os recursos descritos neste documento.
| Configuração de exemplo do roteador |
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1720-1#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 8694 bytes ! ! Last configuration change at 20:17:48 PST Thu Jan 10 2002 ! NVRAM config last updated at 20:19:27 PST Thu Jan 10 2002 ! version 12.2 no parser cache service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname 1720-1 ! no logging buffered enable secret 5 $1$6jAs$tNxI1a/2DYFAtPLyCDXjo/ enable password ww ! username cisco password 0 cisco username all memory-size iomem 15 clock timezone PST -8 ip subnet-zero no ip domain-lookup ip domain-name cisco.com ! ip ssh time-out 120 ip ssh authentication-retries 3 ! ! ! crypto ca identity vpn enrollment retry count 20 enrollment mode ra enrollment url http://171.69.89.16:80 query url ldap://171.69.89.16 crypto ca certificate chain vpn certificate 3B2FD652 308202C4 3082022D A0030201 0202043B 2FD65230 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010105 0500302D 310B3009 06035504 06130275 73310E30 0C060355 040A1305 63697363 6F310E30 0C060355 040B1305 736A7670 6E301E17 0D303230 31313130 33303631 345A170D 30333031 31313033 33363134 5A304E31 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 311F301D 06092A86 4886F70D 01090216 10313732 302D312E 63697363 6F2E636F 6D305C30 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 0500034B 00304802 4100A085 B4A756F8 CEB91F2E 52E2A23F 847EC95F 44F65AF2 EBC1F816 081CC61F AB077482 F1FAD124 2444B9F6 6B9EC48E 1B1EB5B9 D0E802BA B9A57048 EBB8CD18 773F0203 010001A3 82011230 82010E30 0B060355 1D0F0404 030205A0 301B0603 551D1104 14301282 10313732 302D312E 63697363 6F2E636F 6D302B06 03551D10 04243022 800F3230 30323031 31313033 30363134 5A810F32 30303230 39323331 35333631 345A304F 0603551D 1F044830 463044A0 42A040A4 3E303C31 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 310D300B 06035504 03130443 524C3130 1F060355 1D230418 30168014 46C1609C DBEA53EE 80A48060 1A96583B 0DF80D2F 301D0603 551D0E04 160414B1 2707AB30 F7CFDC79 C554D1AE 3208EF16 CF96ED30 09060355 1D130402 30003019 06092A86 4886F67D 07410004 0C300A1B 0456352E 30030204 B0300D06 092A8648 86F70D01 01050500 03818100 E82DE82B AE5C7F80 EB9CED1A 306F36E6 437DA791 81D53CF3 0E561C8A 7A168EDE 6728F371 3EB90B21 CC40E1F3 CA4ED98F CDFA6E15 A2C0AA38 4AE137C7 281AA7EC AD26D550 4E4AAA0B E0C588F8 661C4031 ACF35F7B 28330B64 667E00E3 832AED7F 08D5EA3D 33CCB2BE E73DC41A B40A9B64 4CD2D98C 6943AE84 55605741 E136A6BD quit certificate ra-sign 3B2FD319 308202FF 30820268 A0030201 0202043B 2FD31930 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010105 0500302D 310B3009 06035504 06130275 73310E30 0C060355 040A1305 63697363 6F310E30 0C060355 040B1305 736A7670 6E301E17 0D303130 36313932 32303333 315A170D 30343036 31393232 33333331 5A304531 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 31163014 06035504 03130D46 69727374 204F6666 69636572 30819F30 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000381 8D003081 89028181 00E85434 395790E9 416ED13D 72F1A411 333A0984 66B8F68A 0ECA7E2B CBC40C39 A21E2D8A 5F94772D 69846720 73227891 E43D46B6 B2D1DDC5 385C5135 DB2075F1 4D252ACF AC80DA4C 2111946F 26F7193B 8EA1CA66 8332D2A1 5310B2D7 07C985A8 0B44CE37 BC95EAFF C328D4C6 73B3B35E 0F6D25F5 DCAC6AFA 2DAAD6D1 47BB3396 E1020301 0001A382 01123082 010E300B 0603551D 0F040403 02078030 2B060355 1D100424 3022800F 32303031 30363139 32323033 33315A81 0F323030 33303732 37303233 3333315A 301B0603 551D0904 14301230 1006092A 864886F6 7D07441D 31030201 00304F06 03551D1F 04483046 3044A042 A040A43E 303C310B 30090603 55040613 02757331 0E300C06 0355040A 13056369 73636F31 0E300C06 0355040B 1305736A 76706E31 0D300B06 03550403 13044352 4C31301F 0603551D 23041830 16801446 C1609CDB EA53EE80 A480601A 96583B0D F80D2F30 1D060355 1D0E0416 04147BD2 620C611F 3AC69FB3 155FD8F9 8A7CF353 3A583009 0603551D 13040230 00301906 092A8648 86F67D07 4100040C 300A1B04 56352E30 030204B0 300D0609 2A864886 F70D0101 05050003 8181003A A6431D7D 1979DDF9 CC99D8F8 CC987F67 DBF67280 2A9418E9 C6255B08 DECDE1C2 50FCB1A6 544F1D51 C214162E E2403DAB 2F1294C4 841240ED FD6F799C 130A0B24 AC74DD74 C60EB5CD EC648631 E0B88B3F 3D19A2E1 6492958E 9F64746E 45C080AE E5A6C245 7827D7B1 380A6FE8 A01D9022 7F52AD9C B596743A 853549C5 771DA2 quit certificate ra-encrypt 3B2FD318 308202D0 30820239 A0030201 0202043B 2FD31830 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010105 0500302D 310B3009 06035504 06130275 73310E30 0C060355 040A1305 63697363 6F310E30 0C060355 040B1305 736A7670 6E301E17 0D303130 36313932 32303333 315A170D 30343036 31393232 33333331 5A304531 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 31163014 06035504 03130D46 69727374 204F6666 69636572 30819F30 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000381 8D003081 89028181 00BFC427 727E15E9 30CB1BCB C0EFFB2F 3E4916D4 EC365F57 C13D1356 6388E66D 7BCCBCB9 04DA2E7C C9639F31 AF15E7B1 E698A33C 0EB447E4 B3B72EC8 766EADCF 9883E612 AD782E39 B0603A90 0322CE78 D6735E07 BDC022F1 1164EC9E 31FC5309 9AA9DC1D 69ECC316 8727A6CB ADCFB488 FF904D6D 9D9E5778 05B24D4B BB5B4F5F 4D020301 0001A381 E43081E1 300B0603 551D0F04 04030205 20301B06 03551D09 04143012 30100609 2A864886 F67D0744 1D310302 0100304F 0603551D 1F044830 463044A0 42A040A4 3E303C31 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 310D300B 06035504 03130443 524C3130 1F060355 1D230418 30168014 46C1609C DBEA53EE 80A48060 1A96583B 0DF80D2F 301D0603 551D0E04 16041400 A7C3DD9F 9FAB0A25 E1485FC7 DB88A63F 78CE4830 09060355 1D130402 30003019 06092A86 4886F67D 07410004 0C300A1B 0456352E 30030204 B0300D06 092A8648 86F70D01 01050500 03818100 69105382 0BE0BA59 B0CD2652 9C6A4585 940C7882 DCEB1D1E 610B8525 0C032A76 2C8758C2 F5CA1EF4 B946848A C49047D5 6D1EF218 FA082A00 16CCD9FC 42DF3B05 A8EF2AAD 151637DE 67885BB2 BA0BB6A1 308F63FF 21C3CB00 9272257A 3C292645 FD62D486 C247F067 301C2FEE 5CF6D12B 6CFA1DAA E74E8B8E 5B017A2E 5BB6C5F9 quit certificate ca 3B2FD307 308202E4 3082024D A0030201 0202043B 2FD30730 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010105 0500302D 310B3009 06035504 06130275 73310E30 0C060355 040A1305 63697363 6F310E30 0C060355 040B1305 736A7670 6E301E17 0D303130 36313932 32303234 305A170D 32313036 31393232 33323430 5A302D31 0B300906 03550406 13027573 310E300C 06035504 0A130563 6973636F 310E300C 06035504 0B130573 6A76706E 30819F30 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000381 8D003081 89028181 00E8C25B EDF4A6EE A352B142 C16578F4 FBDAF45E 4F2F7733 8D2B8879 96138C63 1DB713BF 753BF845 2D7E600F AAF4D75B 9E959513 BB13FF13 36696F48 86C464F2 CF854A66 4F8E83F8 025F216B A44D4BB2 39ADD1A5 1BCCF812 09A19BDC 468EEAE1 B6C2A378 69C81348 1A9CD61C 551216F2 8B168FBB 94CBEF37 E1D9A8F7 80BBC17F D1020301 0001A382 010F3082 010B3011 06096086 480186F8 42010104 04030200 07304F06 03551D1F 04483046 3044A042 A040A43E 303C310B 30090603 55040613 02757331 0E300C06 0355040A 13056369 73636F31 0E300C06 0355040B 1305736A 76706E31 0D300B06 03550403 13044352 4C31302B 0603551D 10042430 22800F32 30303130 36313932 32303234 305A810F 32303231 30363139 32323332 34305A30 0B060355 1D0F0404 03020106 301F0603 551D2304 18301680 1446C160 9CDBEA53 EE80A480 601A9658 3B0DF80D 2F301D06 03551D0E 04160414 46C1609C DBEA53EE 80A48060 1A96583B 0DF80D2F 300C0603 551D1304 05300301 01FF301D 06092A86 4886F67D 07410004 10300E1B 0856352E 303A342E 30030204 90300D06 092A8648 86F70D01 01050500 03818100 7E3DBAC4 8CAE7D5A B19C0625 8780D222 F965A1A2 C0C25B84 CBC5A203 BF50FAC4 9656699A 52D8CB46 40776237 87163118 8F3C0F47 D2CAA36B 6AB34F99 AB71269E 78C0AC10 DA0B9EC5 AE448B46 701254CF 3EBC64C1 5DBB2EE5 56C0140B B0C83497 D79FB148 80018F51 3A4B6174 590B85AA 9CE3B391 629406AA 7CE9CC0D 01593E6B quit ! crypto isakmp policy 10 hash md5 crypto isakmp identity hostname ! ! crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! ! crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp set peer 172.16.172.34 set transform-set myset match address 130 ! ! ! ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Loopback1 ip address 121.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Loopback88 ip address 88.88.88.88 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.16.172.39 255.255.255.240 ip nat outside speed auto crypto map vpn ! interface Serial0 ip nat inside ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ! ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0 overload ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.172.33 no ip http server ip pim bidir-enable ! access-list 120 deny ip 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 120 permit ip 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 130 permit ip 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 120 ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 exec-timeout 0 0 password cisco no login line vty 5 15 login ! no scheduler allocate end |
| Configuração de exemplo de PIX |
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pix520-1# write terminal Building configuration... : Saved : PIX Version 6.0(1) nameif ethernet0 outside security0 nameif ethernet1 inside security100 enable password 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted hostname pix520-1 domain-name vpn.com fixup protocol ftp 21 fixup protocol http 80 fixup protocol h323 1720 fixup protocol rsh 514 fixup protocol smtp 25 fixup protocol sqlnet 1521 fixup protocol sip 5060 fixup protocol skinny 2000 names access-list 130 permit ip 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 access-list 140 permit ip 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 no pager logging on logging monitor debugging logging buffered debugging logging trap debugging logging history debugging logging host outside 192.168.2.6 interface ethernet0 auto interface ethernet1 auto mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 ip address outside 172.16.172.34 255.255.255.240 ip address inside 192.168.4.50 255.255.255.0 ip audit info action alarm ip audit attack action alarm no failover failover timeout 0:00:00 failover poll 15 failover ip address outside 0.0.0.0 failover ip address inside 0.0.0.0 pdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 172.16.172.57 netmask 255.255.255.255 nat (inside) 0 access-list 140 nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.172.33 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute aaa-server TACACS+ protocol tacacs+ aaa-server RADIUS protocol radius aaa-server mytest protocol tacacs+ aaa-server nasir protocol radius snmp-server host outside 192.168.2.6 no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server community public snmp-server enable traps floodguard enable sysopt connection permit-ipsec no sysopt route dnat crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto map mymap 5 ipsec-isakmp crypto map mymap 5 match address 130 crypto map mymap 5 set peer 172.16.172.39 crypto map mymap 5 set transform-set myset crypto map mymap interface outside isakmp enable outside isakmp policy 10 authentication rsa-sig isakmp policy 10 encryption des isakmp policy 10 hash md5 isakmp policy 10 group 1 isakmp policy 10 lifetime 86400 ca identity cisco 171.69.89.16:/cgi-bin 171.69.89.16 ca configure cisco ra 20 5 telnet 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 inside telnet 171.69.89.82 255.255.255.255 inside telnet 192.168.4.3 255.255.255.255 inside telnet timeout 5 ssh 172.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 outside ssh 171.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 outside ssh 171.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 outside ssh 171.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 inside ssh timeout 60 terminal width 80 Cryptochecksum:c2d5976fc87875678356cf83b135bb8c : end [OK] pix520-1# |
Obter certificados
Obter certificados no roteador
Esta seção descreve como obter certificados digitais no roteador.
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Configure o nome de host e o nome de domínio IP do roteador, se isso ainda não tiver sido feito.
1720-1# hostname 1720-1 1720-1# ip domain-name cisco.com
Observação: o nome do host e o nome do domínio são necessários porque o roteador atribui um nome de domínio totalmente qualificado (FQDN) às chaves e certificados usados pelo IPSec, com base no nome do host e no nome de domínio IP que você atribui ao roteador. Por exemplo, um certificado é chamado "router.cisco.com" com base em um nome de host do roteador "router" e um nome de domínio IP do roteador "cisco.com".
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Gere o par de chaves RSA para o roteador, que é usado para assinar e criptografar mensagens de gerenciamento de chaves IKE. Você precisa gerar o par de chaves para obter um certificado para o roteador.
1720-1(config)#crypto key generate rsa The name for the keys will be: 1720-1.cisco.com Choose the size of the key modulus in the range of 360 to 2048 for your General Purpose Keys. Choosing a key modulus greater than 512 may take a few minutes. How many bits in the modulus [512]: Generating RSA keys ... [OK] 1720-1(config)#
Use o comando show crypto key mypubkey rsa para ver o par de chaves RSA do roteador.
1720-1#sh cr key mypubkey rsa % Key pair was generated at: 19:26:22 PST Jan 10 2002 Key name: 1720-1.cisco.com Usage: General Purpose Key Key Data: 305C300D 06092A86 4886F70D 01010105 00034B00 30480241 00A085B4 756F8CE B91F2E52 E2A23F84 7EC95F44 F65AF2EB C1F81608 1CC61FAB 077482F1 FAD12424 44B9F66B 9EC48E1B 1EB5B9D0 E802BAB9 A57048EB B8CD1877 3F020301 0001 % Key pair was generated at: 19:26:24 PST Jan 10 2002 Key name: 1720-1.cisco.com.server Usage: Encryption Key Key Data: 307C300D 06092A86 4886F70D 01010105 00036B00 30680261 00C653F7 2AE7E397 0041E273 BFCC0E35 E7AF9874 A73B77E8 B15EF54A CA2417AD AB75BAD9 BA1540F4 3DB849BD B70DF4D8 EBBBE7ED AB93BE4B 5C1E9E6A 560A9C8A 12D7CBE3 060DBE7E 8C1667AE 93993049 DA362602 4E4D9EF8 2F8C4777 30F9F958 7F020301 0001 1720-1#
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Declare o servidor da autoridade de certificação (CA) para configurar os parâmetros de comunicação entre o roteador e a CA. Se estamos usando uma autoridade de registro, também especificamos o modo de autoridade de registro (RA). Use o comando crl opcional se desejar que os certificados dos outros colegas sejam aceitos pelo roteador mesmo que a lista de revogação de certificados (CRL) apropriada não esteja acessível ao roteador.
1720-1(config)# crypto ca identity vpn 1720-1(ca-identity)#enrollment url http://171.69.89.16:80 1720-1(ca-identity)# query url ldap://171.69.89.16 1720-1(ca-identity)# enrollment retry count 20 1720-1(ca-identity)# enrollment retry period 5 1720-1(ca-identity)# enrollment mode ra 1720-1(ca-identity)#exit
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O roteador precisa autenticar a CA obtendo o certificado autoassinado da CA que contém a chave pública da CA. Como a CA assina seu próprio certificado, a chave pública da CA deve ser manualmente autenticada ao entrar em contato com o administrador da CA para comparar a impressão digital do certificado da CA.
Neste exemplo, autenticamos manualmente a chave pública comparando as duas impressões digitais depois de recebermos o certificado da CA, em vez de inseri-lo com uma declaração de comando.
1720-1(config)#cr ca authenticate vpn Certificate has the following attributes: Fingerprint: 1FCDF2C8 2DEDA6AC 4819D4C4 B4CFF2F5 % Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: y 1720-1(config)#
Use o comando sh crypto ca cert para exibir os certificados CA e RA e verificar se a autenticação foi bem-sucedida.
1720-1#sh cr ca cert RA Signature Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD319 Key Usage: Signature Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn RA KeyEncipher Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD318 Key Usage: Encryption Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn CA Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD307 Key Usage: General Purpose Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:02:40 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:32:40 PST Jun 19 2021 Associated Identity: vpn -
Obtenha um certificado assinado da CA para cada um dos pares de chaves RSA do roteador. Se você gerou chaves RSA de propósito geral, o roteador tem um par de chaves RSA e precisa de apenas um certificado. Se você gerou chaves RSA de uso especial, o roteador tem dois pares de chaves RSA e precisa de dois certificados.
Você deve entrar em contato com o administrador da CA para conceder manualmente os certificados do roteador se ele estiver configurado no servidor da CA. Além disso, se o servidor de CA estiver configurado para que você tenha que fornecer a senha no momento da inscrição, entre em contato com o administrador de CA para obter essa senha.
Neste exemplo, o servidor CA foi configurado para que não precisássemos fornecer uma senha durante a inscrição.
1720-1(config)#cr ca enroll vpn % % Start certificate enrollment .. % Create a challenge password. You will need to verbally provide this password to the CA Administrator in order to revoke your certificate. For security reasons your password will not be saved in the configuration. Please make a note of it. Password: Re-enter password: % The subject name in the certificate will be: 1720-1.cisco.com % Include the router serial number in the subject name? [yes/no]: n % Include an IP address in the subject name? [yes/no]: n Request certificate from CA? [yes/no]: y % Certificate request sent to Certificate Authority % The certificate request fingerprint will be displayed. % The 'show crypto ca certificate' command will also show the fingerprint. 1720-1(config)# Fingerprint: A1D6C28B 6575AD08 F0B656D4 7161F76F 3d09h: CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending
Depois de executar os comandos para inscrição, o roteador se comunica com o servidor CA e tenta obter seu certificado. Durante esse período, se o servidor de CA estiver configurado para exigir uma autenticação manual dos certificados, você precisará entrar em contato com o administrador de CA.
Use o comando sh crypto ca cert para exibir o certificado do roteador e verificar se a inscrição foi bem-sucedida.
No exemplo a seguir, os certificados não foram aprovados.
1720-1#sh crypto ca cert RA Signature Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD319 Key Usage: Signature Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn RA KeyEncipher Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD318 Key Usage: Encryption Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn CA Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD307 Key Usage: General Purpose Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:02:40 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:32:40 PST Jun 19 2021 Associated Identity: vpn Certificate Subject Name Contains: Name: 1720-1.cisco.com Status: Pending !--- The certificate is still pending. Key Usage: General Purpose Fingerprint: A1D6C28B 6575AD08 F0B656D4 7161F76F Associated Identity: vpnA saída de exemplo a seguir mostra que o certificado foi recebido da CA.
3d09h: %CRYPTO-6-CERTRET: Certificate received from Certificate Authority 1720-1#sh crypto ca cert Certificate Status: Available !--- This status indicates that the certificates were successfully received. Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD652 Key Usage: General Purpose Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject Name Contains: Name: 1720-1.cisco.com CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 19:06:14 PST Jan 10 2002 end date: 19:36:14 PST Jan 10 2003 Associated Identity: vpn RA Signature Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD319 Key Usage: Signature Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn RA KeyEncipher Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD318 Key Usage: Encryption Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us Subject: CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:03:31 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:33:31 PST Jun 19 2004 Associated Identity: vpn CA Certificate Status: Available Certificate Serial Number: 3B2FD307 Key Usage: General Purpose Issuer: OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 14:02:40 PST Jun 19 2001 end date: 14:32:40 PST Jun 19 2021 Associated Identity: vpn -
Você pode solicitar manualmente a CA para a CRL. Para atualizar a CRL no roteador, use o seguinte comando:
1720-1(config)#crypto ca crl request vpn 1720-1(config)#exit
Use o comando show crypto ca crls para exibir a CRL.
1720-1#sh crypto ca crls CRL Issuer Name: OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us LastUpdate: 16:17:34 PST Jan 10 2002 NextUpdate: 17:17:34 PST Jan 11 2002 Retrieved from CRL Distribution Point: LDAP: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us 1720-1# -
Emita um comando write mem para salvar a configuração.
1720-1# wr m Building configuration? [OK] 1720-1#
Obter certificados no PIX
Para obter os certificados em um PIX Firewall, você seguirá as mesmas etapas do roteador. No entanto, a sintaxe do comando PIX é diferente.
-
Defina o nome do host e o nome do domínio IP.
hostname pix520-1 domain-name vpn.com
-
Gere o par de chaves RSA.
pix520-1(config)# ca generate rsa key 512
Use o comando show ca mypubkey rsa para exibir o par de chaves RSA.
pix520-1(config)# sh ca mypubkey rsa % Key pair was generated at: 04:54:34 Jan 11 2002 Key name: pix520-1.vpn.com Usage: General Purpose Key Key Data: 305c300d 06092a86 4886f70d 01010105 00034b00 30480241 009d95d5 e1147546 1f9ef873 81a36256 4b81388b 188fbcb6 40fc4c56 c1801311 ff450cca e8d715c3 ffb8fa28 d347120f aeba9972 3a88321c a71c1c7f ef29b810 2f020301 0001 pix520-1(config)#
-
Declare o servidor CA.
pix520-1(config)# ca identity cisco 171.69.89.16 171.69.89.16 pix520-1(config)# ca configure cisco ra 20 5
-
Autentique a CA.
pix520-1(config)# ca authenticate cisco Certificate has the following attributes: Fingerprint: 1fcdf2c8 2deda6ac 4819d4c4 b4cff2f5 pix520-1(config)#
Use o comando show ca cert para exibir o certificado CA no PIX.
pix520-1(config)# sh ca cert CA Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd307 Key Usage: General Purpose OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:02:40 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:32:40 Jun 19 2021 RA Signature Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd319 Key Usage: Signature CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004 RA KeyEncipher Certificate Status: Available !--- The authentication was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd318 Key Usage: Encryption CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004 -
Solicite a CA para a CRL.
pix520-1(config)# ca enroll cisco 171.69.89.16 % % Start certificate enrollment .. % The subject name in the certificate will be: pix520-1.vpn.com % Certificate request sent to Certificate Authority % The certificate request fingerprint will be displayed. pix520-1(config)# Fingerprint: 6961df68 d3b5e667 8903a66b 969eee64 CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending
O certificado foi concedido pela CA!
pix520-1(config)# pix520-1(config)# show ca cert Certificate Status: Available !--- The enrollment was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd653 Key Usage: General Purpose Subject Name Name: pix520-1.vpn.com CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 04:13:45 Jan 11 2002 end date: 04:43:45 Jan 11 2003 RA Signature Certificate Status: Available !--- The enrollment was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd319 Key Usage: Signature CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004 CA Certificate Status: Available !--- The enrollment was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd307 Key Usage: General Purpose OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:02:40 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:32:40 Jun 19 2021 RA KeyEncipher Certificate Status: Available !--- The enrollment was successful. Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd318 Key Usage: Encryption CN = First Officer OU = sjvpn O = cisco C = us CRL Distribution Point: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Validity Date: start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001 end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004 pix520-1(config)# pix520-1(config)# ca crl request cisco -
Use o comando sh ca crl para exibir a CRL.
pix520-1(config)# sh ca crl CRL: CRL Issuer Name: OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us LastUpdate: 00:17:34 Jan 11 2002 NextUpdate: 01:17:34 Jan 12 2002 pix520-1(config)# -
Para salvar os certificados no PIX, use o seguinte comando:
pix520-1(config)# ca save all pix520-1(config)#
Verificar
Esta seção fornece informações que você pode usar para confirmar se sua configuração está funcionando adequadamente.
A Output Interpreter Tool (somente clientes registrados) oferece suporte a determinados comandos show, o que permite exibir uma análise da saída do comando show.
Os comandos show podem ser executados no PIX e no roteador.
-
show crypto isakmp sa - Ver todas as associações de segurança (SAs) IKE atuais no correspondente.
-
show crypto ipsec sa - Mostra as configurações usadas pelas associações de segurança IPSec atuais.
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show crypto engine connections active - (Apenas roteador) Exibe as conexões atuais e as informações sobre pacotes codificados e decodificados.
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show crypto ca crls - (somente roteador) Mostra a CRL atual no roteador.
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show crypto ca certificate - (somente roteador) Mostra o roteador, o servidor CA e os certificados RA no roteador. Ele também mostra o ponto de distribuição do certificado (CDP).
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show ca certificate - (somente PIX) Mostra os certificados PIX, CA e RA. Ao contrário do roteador, ele não mostra o CDP.
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show ca crl - (somente PIX) Mostra a CRL no PIX.
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show clock - Mostra a hora atual no roteador/PIX (no modo de ativação).
Exemplo de saída dos comandos show do roteador
1720-1#sh cr isa sa
dst src state conn-id slot
172.16.172.39 172.16.172.34 QM_IDLE 110 0
1720-1#sh cr map
Interfaces using crypto map mymap:
Crypto Map "vpn" 10 ipsec-isakmp
Peer = 172.16.172.34
Extended IP access list 130
access-list 130 permit ip 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
Current peer: 172.16.172.34
Security association lifetime: 4608000 kilobytes/3600 seconds
PFS (Y/N): N
Transform sets={ myset, }
Interfaces using crypto map vpn:
FastEthernet0
Interfaces using crypto map certificate:
1720-1#sh cr isa policy
Protection suite of priority 10
encryption algorithm: DES - Data Encryption Standard
(56 bit keys).
hash algorithm: Message Digest 5
authentication method: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Signature
Diffie-Hellman group: #1 (768 bit)
lifetime: 86400 seconds, no volume limit
Default protection suite
encryption algorithm: DES - Data Encryption Standard
(56 bit keys).
hash algorithm: Secure Hash Standard
authentication method: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Signature
Diffie-Hellman group: #1 (768 bit)
lifetime: 86400 seconds, no volume limit
1720-1#
1720-1#sh cr ipsec sa
interface: FastEthernet0
Crypto map tag: vpn, local addr. 172.16.172.39
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port):
(1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port):
(192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
current_peer: 172.16.172.34
PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
#pkts encaps: 3, #pkts encrypt: 3, #pkts digest 3
#pkts decaps: 3, #pkts decrypt: 3, #pkts verify 3
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0,
#pkts decompress failed: 0
#send errors 0, #recv errors 0
local crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.39,
remote crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.34
path mtu 1500, media mtu 1500
current outbound spi: 3803A0C1
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0xD740971C(3611334428)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel, }
slot: 0, conn id: 200, flow_id: 1,
crypto map: vpn
sa timing: remaining key lifetime
(k/sec): (4607999/3150)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0x3803A0C1(939761857)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel, }
slot: 0, conn id: 201, flow_id: 2,
crypto map: vpn
sa timing: remaining key lifetime
(k/sec): (4607999/3141)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
1720-1#
1720-1# sh cr en conn ac
ID Interface IP-Address State Algorithm Encrypt Decrypt
110 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
114 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 alloc NONE 0 0
115 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 alloc NONE 0 0
116 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 alloc NONE 0 0
117 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 alloc NONE 0 0
200 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 3
201 FastEthernet0 172.16.172.39 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 3 0
1720-1#sh clock
01:06:41.786 PST Fri Jan 11 2002
Saída de exemplo de comandos show de PIX
pix520-1# sh cr isa sa
Total : 1
Embryonic : 0
dst src state pending created
172.16.172.39 172.16.172.34 QM_IDLE 0 1
pix520-1#
pix520-1# sh cr map
Crypto Map: "mymap" interfaces: { outside }
Crypto Map "mymap" 5 ipsec-isakmp
Peer = 172.16.172.39
access-list 130 permit ip
192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 (hitcnt=91)
Current peer: 172.16.172.39
Security association lifetime:
4608000 kilobytes/28800 seconds
PFS (Y/N): N
Transform sets={ myset, }
pix520-1# sh cr isa policy
Protection suite of priority 10
encryption algorithm: DES - Data Encryption Standard (
56 bit keys).
hash algorithm: Message Digest 5
authentication method: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Signature
Diffie-Hellman group: #1 (768 bit)
lifetime: 86400 seconds, no volume limit
Default protection suite
encryption algorithm: DES - Data Encryption Standard
(56 bit keys).
hash algorithm: Secure Hash Standard
authentication method: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman Signature
Diffie-Hellman group: #1 (768 bit)
lifetime: 86400 seconds,
no volume limit
pix520-1#
pix520-1# sh cr ipsec sa
interface: outside
Crypto map tag: mymap, local addr. 172.16.172.34
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port):
(192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port):
(1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
current_peer: 172.16.172.39
PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
#pkts encaps: 3, #pkts encrypt: 3, #pkts digest 3
#pkts decaps: 3, #pkts decrypt: 3, #pkts verify 3
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0,
#pkts decompress failed: 0
#send errors 2, #recv errors 0
local crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.34, remote
crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.39
path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 56, media mtu 1500
current outbound spi: d740971c
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0x3803a0c1(939761857)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel, }
slot: 0, conn id: 4, crypto map: mymap
sa timing: remaining key lifetime
(k/sec): (4607999/2971)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0xd740971c(3611334428)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel, }
slot: 0, conn id: 3, crypto map: mymap
sa timing: remaining key lifetime
(k/sec): (4607999/2971)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
pix520-1# pix520-1# sh cr en
Crypto Engine Connection Map:
size = 8, free = 6, used = 2, active = 2
pix520-1#
pix520-1# sh clock
09:27:54 Jan 11 2002
pix520-1#
Troubleshoot
Esta seção fornece informações que podem ser usadas para o troubleshooting da sua configuração.
Comandos para Troubleshooting
A Output Interpreter Tool (somente clientes registrados) oferece suporte a determinados comandos show, o que permite exibir uma análise da saída do comando show.
Observação: antes de emitir comandos debug, consulte Informações importantes sobre comandos debug.
As depurações a seguir devem ser executadas em ambos os correspondentes de IPSec:
-
debug crypto isakmp - (Router & PIX) Exibe erros durante a Fase 1.
-
debug crypto ipsec - (Router & PIX) Exibe erros durante a Fase 2.
-
debug crypto engine - (somente roteador) Exibe informações sobre o mecanismo de criptografia
-
debug crypto pki transactions - (Somente roteador) Mostra informações sobre as transações da infraestrutura de chave pública (PKI) do roteador.
-
debug crypto pki messages - (somente roteador) Mostra informações sobre as mensagens de entrada/saída PKI.
-
debug crypto ca - (somente PIX) Exibe informações sobre transações PKI e mensagens de entrada/saída.
A limpeza de associações de segurança deve ser feita em ambos os correspondentes. Os comandos PIX são executados no modo enable; os comandos do roteador são executados no modo não habilitado.
-
clear crypto isakmp sa - (PIX) Limpa as associações de segurança da Fase 1.
-
clear crypto ipsec sa - (PIX) Limpa as associações de segurança da Fase 2.
-
clear crypto isakmp - (Roteador) Limpa as associações de segurança da Fase 1.
-
clear crypto sa - (Roteador) Limpa as associações de segurança da Fase 2.
Exemplo de depuração de certificado do roteador
Estas seções mostram as depurações do roteador quando executamos os seguintes comandos de depuração PKI ao obter certificados de um servidor CA. Essas depurações foram obtidas durante uma sessão bem-sucedida.
1720-1#debug cr pki transactions Crypto PKI Trans debugging is on 1720-1#debug cr pki messages Crypto PKI Msg debugging is on 1720-1(config)#cr ca authenticate vpn Certificate has the following attributes: Fingerprint: 1FCDF2C8 2DEDA6AC 4819D4C4 B4CFF2F5 % Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: 08:48:10: CRYPTO_PKI: Sending CA Certificate Request: GET /cgi-bin/pkiclient.exe?operation=GetCACert&message =vpn HTTP/1.0 08:48:10: CRYPTO_PKI: can not resolve server name/IP address 08:48:10: CRYPTO_PKI: Using unresolved IP Address 171.69.89.16 08:48:10: CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: HTTP response header: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 19:10:53 Pacific Standard Time Server: Entrust/VPNConnector v5.0 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-x509-ra-ca-certs Content-Type indicates we have received CA and RA certificates. 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI:CA and RA certs: 08:48:11: 30 82 08 EA 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 08:48:11: 82 08 DB 30 82 08 D7 02 01 01 31 00 30 0B 06 09 08:48:11: 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 01 A0 82 08 BF 30 82 02 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:48:11: 14 06 03 55 04 03 13 0D 46 69 72 73 74 20 4F 66 08:48:11: 66 69 63 65 72 30 81 9F 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 08:48:11: 80 01 8F 51 3A 4B 61 74 59 0B 85 AA 9C E3 B3 91 08:48:11: 62 94 06 AA 7C E9 CC 0D 01 59 3E 6B 31 00 08:48:11: 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: Error: Certificate, private key or CRL was not found while selecting certificate chain 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: A certificate chain could not be constructed while selecting certificate status 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: Error: Certificate, private key or CRL was not found while selecting certificate chain 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: A certificate chain could not be constructed while selecting certificate status 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: crypto_process_ra_certs() For:vpn 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: crypto_set_ra_pubkey() (using global_auth_context) 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: crypto_set_ra_pubkey() (using global_auth_context) 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: transaction GetCACert completed 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: CA certificate received. 08:48:11: CRYPTO_PKI: CA certificate received. % Please answer 'yes' or 'no'. % Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: y 1720-1(config)# 08:49:08: CRYPTO_PKI: crypto_process_ra_certs() For:vpn 1720-1(config)#cr ca enroll vpn % % Start certificate enrollment .. % Create a challenge password. You will need to verbally provide this password to the CA Administrator in order to revoke your certificate. For security reasons your password will not be saved in the configuration. Please make a note of it. Password: Re-enter password: % The subject name in the certificate will be: 1720-1.cisco.com % Include the router serial number in the subject name? [yes/no]: n % Include an IP address in the subject name? [yes/no]: n Request certificate from CA? [yes/no]: y % Certificate request sent to Certificate Authority % The certificate request fingerprint will be displayed. % The 'show crypto ca certificate' command will also show % the fingerprint. 1720-1(config)# Fingerprint: CB9730B0 5EAAEBCB CC04C77B 2B7F253D 08:51:09: CRYPTO_PKI: transaction PKCSReq completed 08:51:09: CRYPTO_PKI: status: 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI:Write out pkcs#10 content:272 08:51:10: 30 82 01 0C 30 81 B7 02 01 00 30 21 31 1F 30 1D 08:51:10: 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 09 02 16 10 31 37 32 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:10: 8F 87 32 4A 25 27 2A 9B 17 F1 1F C5 67 1E 2A D2 08:51:10: 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI:Enveloped Data ... 08:51:10: 30 80 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 03 A0 80 30 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:10: 2F C8 94 16 FE 2F 1B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08:51:10: 00 08:51:10: 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI:Signed Data 1311 bytes 08:51:10: 30 80 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 80 30 08:51:10: 80 02 01 01 31 0E 30 0C 06 08 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:10: D0 56 7D 24 59 9C DE 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08:51:10: 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI: can not resolve server name/IP address 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI: Using unresolved IP Address 171.69.89.16 08:51:10: CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: received msg of 656 bytes 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: HTTP response header: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 19:13:55 Pacific Standard Time Server: Entrust/VPNConnector v5.0 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-pki-message 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI:Received pki message: 487 types 08:51:13: 30 82 01 E3 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:13: E6 E3 CC 8B 6C 5E 74 9E 6A 0B 7D E1 B7 31 A0 EF 08:51:13: 02 1B C6 F3 C2 B9 86 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-message-type: 13 01 33 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-status: 13 01 33 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-recipient-nonce: 08:51:13: 04 20 32 46 37 30 36 35 37 45 39 44 43 31 36 31 08:51:13: 39 31 34 39 30 32 33 34 46 35 42 44 30 46 41 31 08:51:13: 46 34 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-transaction-id: 08:51:13: 13 20 35 33 43 46 43 31 35 30 37 36 42 33 35 42 08:51:13: 37 30 42 43 42 39 39 36 44 36 42 46 39 32 38 30 08:51:13: 37 35 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI:Write out getcert initial content:84 08:51:13: 30 52 30 2D 31 0B 30 09 06 03 55 04 06 13 02 75 08:51:13: 73 31 0E 30 0C 06 03 55 04 0A 13 05 63 69 73 63 08:51:13: 6F 31 0E 30 0C 06 03 55 04 0B 13 05 73 6A 76 70 08:51:13: 6E 30 21 31 1F 30 1D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 08:51:13: 09 02 16 10 31 37 32 30 2D 31 2E 63 69 73 63 6F 08:51:13: 2E 63 6F 6D 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI:Enveloped Data ... 08:51:13: 30 80 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 03 A0 80 30 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:13: 08:51:13: CRYPTO_PKI:Signed Data 1738 bytes 08:51:13: 30 80 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 80 30 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:14: 59 DA 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08:51:14: 08:51:14: CRYPTO_PKI: can not resolve server name/IP address 08:51:14: CRYPTO_PKI: Using unresolved IP Address 171.69.89.16 08:51:14: CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: received msg of 656 bytes 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: HTTP response header: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 19:13:58 Pacific Standard Time Server: Entrust/VPNConnector v5.0 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-pki-message 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI:Received pki message: 487 types 08:51:36: 30 82 01 E3 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 08:51:36: 82 01 D4 30 82 01 D0 02 01 01 31 0E 30 0C 06 08 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:51:36: E6 E3 CC 8B 6C 5E 74 9E 6A 0B 7D E1 B7 31 A0 EF 08:51:36: 02 1B C6 F3 C2 B9 86 08:51:36: 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-message-type: 13 01 33 08:51:36: 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-status: 13 01 33 08:51:36: 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-recipient-nonce: 08:51:36: 04 20 32 46 37 30 36 35 37 45 39 44 43 31 36 31 08:51:36: 39 31 34 39 30 32 33 34 46 35 42 44 30 46 41 31 08:51:36: 46 34 08:51:36: 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-transaction-id: 08:51:36: 13 20 35 33 43 46 43 31 35 30 37 36 42 33 35 42 08:51:36: 37 30 42 43 42 39 39 36 44 36 42 46 39 32 38 30 08:51:36: 37 35 08:51:36: 08:51:36: CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending 08:51:46: CRYPTO_PKI: All sockets are closed. 08:51:56: CRYPTO_PKI: All sockets are closed. 08:52:36: CRYPTO_PKI: resend GetCertInitial, 1 08:52:36: CRYPTO_PKI: resend GetCertInitial for session: 0 08:52:36: CRYPTO_PKI: can not resolve server name/IP address 08:52:36: CRYPTO_PKI: Using unresolved IP Address 171.69.89.16 08:52:36: CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: received msg of 1647 bytes 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: HTTP response header: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 19:15:20 Pacific Standard Time Server: Entrust/VPNConnector v5.0 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-pki-message 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI:Received pki message: 1478 types 08:52:38: 30 82 05 C2 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:52:38: B4 0D EC 6D 61 9B 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-message-type: 13 01 33 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-status: 13 01 30 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-recipient-nonce: 08:52:38: 04 20 32 41 35 44 31 31 42 34 43 39 46 31 34 32 08:52:38: 30 30 38 34 32 43 35 45 38 36 44 44 43 41 45 44 08:52:38: 33 34 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-transaction-id: 08:52:38: 13 20 35 33 43 46 43 31 35 30 37 36 42 33 35 42 08:52:38: 37 30 42 43 42 39 39 36 44 36 42 46 39 32 38 30 08:52:38: 37 35 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI: status = 100: certificate is granted !--- Certificate is granted by the CA. 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI:Verified signed data 985 bytes: 08:52:38: 30 82 03 D5 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 03 A0 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:52:38: 39 DE 0A 10 3B D1 17 30 79 83 E0 54 D9 59 47 13 08:52:38: 86 9A E5 5D F8 45 3D 61 63 08:52:38: 08:52:38: CRYPTO_PKI:Decrypted enveloped content: 08:52:38: 30 82 02 F3 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 07 02 A0 08:52:38: 82 02 E4 30 82 02 E0 02 01 01 31 00 30 0B 06 09 !--- Hex data omitted. 08:52:39: CE 33 54 B3 4A 62 23 65 6E B1 83 D9 7C 24 87 A5 08:52:39: E8 FF D8 50 6F 31 00 08:52:39: 08:52:39: CRYPTO_PKI: All enrollment requests completed. 08:52:39: %CRYPTO-6-CERTRET: Certificate received from Certificate Authority 08:52:49: CRYPTO_PKI: All enrollment requests completed.
Exemplo de depuração de certificado do PIX
Estas seções mostram as depurações do PIX quando executamos os seguintes comandos de depuração PKI ao obter certificados de um servidor CA. Essas depurações foram obtidas durante uma sessão bem-sucedida.
pix520-1(config)#
pix520-1(config)# debug cr ca
pix520-1(config)#
pix520-1(config)# ca configure cisco ra 20 5
pix520-1(config)# ca authenticate cisco
CI thread sleeps!
Crypto CA thread wakes up!
CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened
Certificate has the following attributes:
Fingerprint: 1fcdf2c8 2deda6ac 4819d4c4 b4cff2f5
PKI: key process suspended and continued
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: A certificate chain could not
be constructed while selecting certificate status
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: A certificate chain could not
be constructed while selecting certificate status
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: transaction GetCACert completed
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Crypto CA thread sleeps!
pix520-1(config)# !
pix520-1(config)# sh ca cert
CA
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = First Officer, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us Certificate
Status: Available
Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd307
Key Usage: General Purpose
OU = sjvpn
O = cisco
C = us
CRL Distribution Point:
CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Validity Date:
start date: 22:02:40 Jun 19 2001
end date: 22:32:40 Jun 19 2021
RA Signature Certificate
Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd319
Key Usage: Signature
CN = First Officer
OU = sjvpn
O = cisco
C = us
CRL Distribution Point:
CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Validity Date:
start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001
end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004
RA KeyEncipher Certificate
Status: Available
Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd318
Key Usage: Encryption
CN = First Officer
OU = sjvpn
O = cisco
C = us
CRL Distribution Point:
CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Validity Date:
start date: 22:03:31 Jun 19 2001
end date: 22:33:31 Jun 19 2004
pix520-1(config)#
Status: Available
pix520-1(config)# ca enroll cisco 171.69.89.16
CI thread sleeps!
% Crypto CA thread wakes up!
% Start certificate enrollment ..
% The subject name in the certificate will be: pix520-1.vpn.com
% Certificate request sent to Certificate Authority
% The certificate request fingerprint will be displayed.
pix520-1(config)# Fingerprint: bc923bc0 ee66b336 08a513b1 a226c5c8
CRYPTO_PKI: transaction PKCSReq completed
CRYPTO_PKI: status:
Crypto CA thread sleeps!
PKI: key process suspended and continued
CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened
CRYPTO_PKI: received msg of 656 bytes
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: Certificate, private key or CRL was
not found while selecting CRL
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-message-type:
13 01 33
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-status:
13 01 33
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-recipient-nonce:
04 20 30 36 38 33 34 44 35 46 30 44 31 37 42 39 42 30 30 44
37 37 42 33 44 37 39 42 45 43 43 43 41 41
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-transaction-id:
13 20 64 38 32 36 37 37 34 33 31 39 62 65 65 31 62 65 34 36
65 33 63 32 38 37 66 61 65 31 31 36 64 32
CRYPTO_PKI: status = 102: certificate request pending
CRYPTO_PKI: All sockets are closed.
CRYPTO_PKI: All sockets are closed.
CRYPTO_PKI: resend GetCertInitial for session: 0
CRYPTO_PKI: http connection opened
!--- The certificate has been granted by CA!
CRYPTO_PKI: received msg of 1720 bytes
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: Certificate, private key or
CRL was not found while selecting CRL
PKI: key process suspended and continued
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-message-type:
13 01 33
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-status:
13 01 30
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-recipient-nonce:
04 20 34 42 41 36 31 31 31 42 42 35 42 38 42 43 44 31 36 31
34 30 34 44 45 34 45 33 33 41 34 41 46 36
CRYPTO_PKI: signed attr: pki-transaction-id:
13 20 64 38 32 36 37 37 34 33 31 39 62 65 65 31 62 65 34 36
65 33 63 32 38 37 66 61 65 31 31 36 64 32
CRYPTO_PKI: status = 100: certificate is granted
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: Certificate, private key or CRL was not found
while selecting CRL
CRYPTO_PKI: All enrollment requests completed.
CRYPTO_PKI: All enrollment requests completed.
CRYPTO_PKI: WARNING: Certificate, private key or CRL was not found
while selecting CRL
Exemplo de depuração de IPSec do roteador
Esta seção mostra as depurações de IPSec no roteador durante o tempo em que ambos os pares de IPSec estão negociando o túnel de IPSec.
1720-1#debug crypto ipsec
1720-1#debug crypto isakmp
1720-1#debug crypto engine
1720-1#sh debug
Cryptographic Subsystem:
Crypto ISAKMP debugging is on
Crypto Engine debugging is on
Crypto IPSEC debugging is on
1720-1#
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:0): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (N) NEW SA
3d11h: ISAKMP: local port 500, remote port 500
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing SA payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against
priority 10 policy
3d11h: ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC
3d11h: ISAKMP: hash MD5
3d11h: ISAKMP: default group 1
3d11h: ISAKMP: auth RSA sig
!--- IKE phase one is accepting certificates as the authentication method.
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 3
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_DH_CREATE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): SA is doing RSA signature authentication using
id type ID_FQDN
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): sending packet to 172.16.172.34 (R) MM_SA_SETUP
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (R) MM_SA_SETUP
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing KE payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_DH_SHARE_SECRET(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: calculate pkey hmac for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: create ISAKMP SKEYID for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_SA_CREATE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): SKEYID state generated
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing CERT_REQ payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): peer wants a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): peer want cert issued by OU = sjvpn,
O = cisco, C = us
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing vendor id payload
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing vendor id payload
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing vendor id payload
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): speaking to another IOS box!
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): sending packet to 172.16.172.34 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_DECRYPT(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing ID payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing CERT payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing SIG payload. message ID = 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (110): sa->peer.name = , sa->peer_id.id.id_fqdn.fqdn =
pix520-1.vpn.com
3d11h: Crypto engine 0: RSA decrypt with public key
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_RSA_PUB_DECRYPT
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): SA has been authenticated with 172.16.172.34
3d11h: ISAKMP (110): ID payload
next-payload : 6
type : 2
protocol : 17
port : 500
length : 20
3d11h: ISAKMP (110): Total payload length: 24
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: Crypto engine 0: RSA encrypt with private key
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_RSA_PRIV_ENCRYPT
3d11h: CRYPTO_ENGINE: key process suspended and continued
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: clear dh number for conn id 1
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_DH_DELETE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_ENCRYPT(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): sending packet to 172.16.172.34 (R) QM_IDLE
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (R) QM_IDLE
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_DECRYPT(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing HASH payload. message ID = -140325145
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing SA payload. message ID = -140325145
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): Checking IPSec proposal 1
3d11h: ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES
3d11h: ISAKMP: attributes in transform:
3d11h: ISAKMP: encaps is 1
3d11h: ISAKMP: SA life type in seconds
3d11h: ISAKMP: SA life duration (basic) of 28800
3d11h: ISAKMP: SA life type in kilobytes
3d11h: ISAKMP: SA life duration (VPI) of 0x0 0x46 0x50 0x0
3d11h: ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5
3d11h: validate proposal 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): atts are acceptable.
3d11h: IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1,
(key eng. msg.) INBOUND local= 172.16.172.39, remote= 172.16.172.34,
local_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
remote_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 0s and 0kb,
spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4
3d11h: validate proposal request 0
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing NONCE payload. message ID = -140325145
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing ID payload. message ID = -140325145
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): processing ID payload. message ID = -140325145
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): asking for 1 spis from ipsec
3d11h: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event...
3d11h: IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 3611334428 for SA
from 172.16.172.39 to 172.16.172.34 for prot 3
3d11h: ISAKMP: received ke message (2/1)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_ENCRYPT(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): sending packet to 172.16.172.34 (R) QM_IDLE
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (R) QM_IDLE
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_DECRYPT(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 110
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IKE_HMAC(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ipsec allocate flow 0
3d11h: ipsec allocate flow 0
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IPSEC_KEY_CREATE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_IPSEC_KEY_CREATE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): Creating IPSec SAs
3d11h: inbound SA from 172.16.172.34 to 172.16.172.39
(proxy 192.168.4.0 to 1.1.1.0)
3d11h: has spi 0xD740971C and conn_id 200 and flags 4
3d11h: lifetime of 28800 seconds
3d11h: lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes
3d11h: outbound SA from 172.16.172.39 to 172.16.172.34
(proxy 1.1.1.0 to 192.168.4.0 )
3d11h: has spi 939761857 and conn_id 201 and flags C
3d11h: lifetime of 28800 seconds
3d11h: lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:110): deleting node -140325145 error FALSE
reason "quick mode done (await()"
3d11h: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event...
3d11h: IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
(key eng. msg.) INBOUND local= 172.16.172.39,
remote= 172.16.172.34,
local_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
remote_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb,
spi= 0xD740971C(3611334428), conn_id= 200,
keysize= 0, flags= 0x4
3d11h: IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
(key eng. msg.) OUTBOUND local= 172.16.172.39,
remote= 172.16.172.34,
local_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
remote_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb,
spi= 0x3803A0C1(939761857), conn_id= 201, keysize= 0,
flags= 0xC
3d11h: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created,
(sa) sa_dest= 172.16.172.39, sa_prot= 50,
sa_spi= 0xD740971C(3611334428),
sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 200
3d11h: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created,
(sa) sa_dest= 172.16.172.34, sa_prot= 50,
sa_spi= 0x3803A0C1(939761857),
sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 201
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:108): purging SA., sa=811A823C,
delme=811A823C
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: delete connection 108
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_SA_DELETE(hw)(ipsec)
3d11h: ISAKMP (0:107): purging SA., sa=811FE440,
delme=811FE440
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: delete connection 107
3d11h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_SA_DELETE(hw)(ipsec)
1720-1#
Exemplos de depurações de IPSec do PIX
Esta seção mostra as depurações de IPSec no PIX durante o tempo em que ambos os pares de IPSec estão negociando o túnel de IPSec.
pix520-1# debug crypto ipsec
pix520-1# debug crypto isakmp
pix520-1# sh debug
debug crypto ipsec 1
debug crypto isakmp 1
debug fover status
tx Off
rx Off
open Off
cable Off
txdmp Off
rxdmp Off
ifc Off
rxip Off
txip Off
get Off
put Off
verify Off
switch Off
fail Off
fmsg Off
ISAKMP (0): beginning Main Mode exchange
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39,
dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against
priority 10 policy
ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC
ISAKMP: hash MD5
ISAKMP: default group 1
ISAKMP: auth RSA sig
ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0
ISAKMP (0): SA is doing RSA signature authentication
using id type ID_FQDN
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39,
dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing KE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing CERT_REQ payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): peer wants a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): speaking to another IOS box!
ISAKMP (0): ID payload
next-payload : 6
type : 2
protocol : 17
port : 500
length : 20
ISAKMP (0): Total payload length: 24
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39,
dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing CERT payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
ISAKMP (0): processing SIG payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): sa->peer.name = , sa->peer_id.id.id_fqdn.fqdn =
1720-1.cisco.com
ISAKMP (0): SA has been authenticated
ISAKMP (0): beginning Quick Mode exchange,
M-ID of -140325145:f7a2cee7IPSEC(key_engine):
got a queue event...
IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 0x3803a0c1(939761857)
for SA from 172.16.172.39 to 172.16.172.34 for prot 3
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39,
dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_QM exchange
oakley_process_quick_mode:
OAK_QM_IDLE
ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload.
message ID = 4154642151
ISAKMP : Checking IPSec proposal 1
ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES
ISAKMP: attributes in transform:
ISAKMP: encaps is 1
ISAKMP: SA life type in seconds
ISAKMP: SA life duration (basic) of 28800
ISAKMP: SA life type in kilobytes
ISAKMP: SA life duration (VPI)
of 0x0 0x46 0x50 0x0
ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5
ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable.
IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1,
(key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.39,
src= 172.16.172.34,
dest_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
src_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 0s and 0kb,
spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4
ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload.
message ID = 4154642151
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload.
message ID = 4154642151
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload.
message ID = 4154642151
ISAKMP (0): processing NOTIFY payload 24576
protocol 3 spi 3611334428,
message ID = 4154642151
ISAKMP (0): processing responder lifetime
ISAKMP (0): responder lifetime of 3600s
ISAKMP (0): Creating IPSec SAs
inbound SA from 172.16.172.39 to
172.16.172.34 (proxy 1.1.1.0 to 192.168.4.0)
has spi 939761857 and conn_id 4 and flags 4
lifetime of 3600 seconds
lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes
outbound SA from 172.16.172.34 to
172.16.172.39 (proxy 192.168.4.0 to 1.1.1.0)
has spi 3611334428 and conn_id 3 and flags 4
lifetime of 3600 seconds
lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes
IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event...
IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
(key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.34, src= 172.16.172.39,
dest_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
src_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 3600s and 4608000kb,
spi= 0x3803a0c1(939761857), conn_id= 4, keysize= 0,
flags= 0x4
IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
(key eng. msg.) src= 172.16.172.34, dest= 172.16.172.39,
src_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
dest_proxy= 1.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
lifedur= 3600s and 4608000kb,
spi= 0xd740971c(3611334428), conn_id= 3, keysize= 0,
flags= 0x4
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
pix520-1(config)#
Problemas potenciais
Esta seção discute os sintomas, as causas e as resoluções de erros comuns que são cometidos durante a obtenção de certificados no roteador e no PIX.
Incompatibilidade de identidade ISAKMP
O roteador e o PIX atribuem um FQDN às chaves e aos certificados usados pelo IPSec. Durante a negociação de IKE ou fase 1, o roteador/IOS verifica o FQDN no certificado. Portanto, temos que usar a identidade de ISAKMP como nome de host, em vez de endereço no PIX e no roteador. No exemplo a seguir, o roteador/IOS está verificando o FQDN no certificado.
ISAKMP (0): SA is doing RSA signature authentication using
id type ID_FQDN return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39, d
est 172.16.172.34
Depurações de roteador:
3d15h: CryptoEngine0: CRYPTO_ISA_DH_CREATE(hw)(ipsec)
3d15h: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0
3d15h: ISAKMP (152): My ID configured as IPv4 Addr,
but Addr not in Cert!
3d15h: ISAKMP (152): Using FQDN as My ID
3d15h: ISAKMP (0:152): SA is doing RSA signature
authentication using id type ID _FQDN
3d15h: ISAKMP (0:152): sending packet to 172.16.172.34 (R)
MM_SA_SETUP
3d15h: ISAKMP (0:152): received packet from 172.16.172.34 (R)
MM_SA_SETUP
3d15h: ISAKMP (0:162): processing a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
3d15h: %CRYPTO-6-IKMP_NO_ID_CERT_ADDR_MATCH: ID of
172.16.172.34 (type 1) an
certificate addr with 172.16.172.34
3d15h: ISAKMP (0:162): processing SIG payload.
message ID = 0
3d15h: Crypto engine 0: RSA decrypt with public key
Depurações de PIX:
ISAKMP (0): beginning Main Mode exchange
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39, dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 10 policy
ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC
ISAKMP: hash MD5
ISAKMP: default group 1
ISAKMP: auth RSA sig
ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0
ISAKMP (0): SA is doing RSA signature authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39, dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing KE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): speaking to another IOS box!
ISAKMP (0): ID payload
next-payload : 9
type : 1
protocol : 17
port : 500
length : 8
ISAKMP (0): Total payload length: 12
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block: src 172.16.172.39, dest 172.16.172.34
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing CERT payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
return status is IKMP_ERR_RETRANS
Incompatibilidade de data e hora
Os certificados no PIX e no roteador são válidos por um determinado intervalo de tempo, como demonstrado no exemplo a seguir.
Certificate
Status: Available
Certificate Serial Number: 3b2fd653
Key Usage: General Purpose
Subject Name
Name: pix520-1.vpn.com
CRL Distribution Point:
CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Validity Date:
!--- The certificates are valid between the start and end date.
start date: 04:13:45 Jan 11 2002
end date: 04:43:45 Jan 11 2003
A seguinte saída do comando show também demonstra o intervalo de tempo.
1720-1#sh crypto ca crls
CRL Issuer Name:
OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
LastUpdate: 16:17:34 PST Jan 10 2002
NextUpdate: 17:17:34 PST Jan 11 2002
Retrieved from CRL Distribution Point:
LDAP: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn, O = cisco, C = us
Se a data e a hora do relógio no roteador ou PIX não estiverem entre as datas de início e de término nos certificados e a próxima/última atualização da CRL, você obterá o seguinte erro durante a negociação da fase 1:
Debug de Roteador:
CRYPTO_PKI: New CRL Not Yet Valid
(router time not synched to CA?)
CRL published: 16:17:34 PST Jan 10 2002
Router time: 16:07:02 PST Feb 28 1993acket to
172.16.172.34 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH
00:07:01: ISAKMP (0:10): received packet from
172.16.172.34 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH
Neste exemplo, a hora do roteador foi definida como 16:07:02 de fevereiro de 28 de 1993, o que não se situa entre os horários válidos exigidos pela CA. Para resolver o problema, defina a hora apropriada no roteador.
1720-1#clock set 01:05:01 january 11 2002 1720-1#sh clock 01:05:04.903 PST Fri Jan 11 2002 1720-1#
Porta 80 HTTP/TCP bloqueada
O roteador e o PIX usam a porta TCP 80 durante a autenticação e a inscrição no servidor CA. Se você tiver problemas de inscrição ou autenticação, verifique se a porta 80 HTTP/TCP não está sendo bloqueada entre o roteador/PIX e o servidor CA.
PIX/Roteador não tem CRL
Como não especificamos o comando crl opcional no PIX/roteador, ambos os dispositivos verificarão a CRL durante a negociação da fase um. Se a CRL não estiver presente, você verá os seguintes erros.
debug de PIX:
ISAKMP (0): processing CERT payload.
message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing a CT_X509_SIGNATURE cert
CRYPTO_PKI: status = 0: poll CRL
CI thread sleeps!
Crypto CA thread wakes up!
CRYPTO_PKI: Name: CN = CRL1, OU = sjvpn,
O = cisco, C = us
CRYPTO_PKI: ldap_bind() succeeded.
Fail to verify and insert CRL
CRYPTO_PKI: the current router time:
02:58:08 Jan 12 2002
CRYPTO_PKI: the last CRL update time:
00:17:34 Jan 11 2002
CRYPTO_PKI: the next CRL update time:
01:17:34 Jan 12 2002
CRYPTO_PKI: server timer behind router:
nextUpdate: 3c3f8eae, now: 3c3fa640
CRYPTO_PKI: status = 275: failed to insert CRL
CRYPTO_PKI: transaction GetCRL completed
CRYPTO_PKI: blocking callback
received status: 105
Crypto CA thread sleeps!
CI thread wakes up!
ISAKMP (0): Unknown error in cert
validation, 65535
return status is IKMP_ERR_RETRANS
Para resolver esse problema, obtenha os certificados do servidor CA emitindo um comando ca crl request ca nickname; usamos cr ca crl request Cisco.
Excluir certificados e pares de chaves RSA
Talvez seja necessário excluir certificados digitais ou pares de chaves RSA do roteador ou do PIX.
Excluir certificados de roteador e pares de chaves RSA
Comandos:
-
no crypto ca identity ca nickname - Exclua os certificados do roteador.
-
crypto key zeroize rsa - Exclua o par de chaves RSA.
Para excluir os certificados, siga o exemplo abaixo:
1720-1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. 1720-1(config)#no crypto ca identity vpn % Removing an identity will destroy all certificates received from the related Certificate Authority. Are you sure you want to do this? [yes/no]: y % Be sure to ask the CA administrator to revoke your certificates. No enrollment sessions are currently active. 1720-1(config)# 1720-1#sh cr ca cert 1720-1# !--- The certificates are no longer available.
Para excluir o par de chaves RSA no roteador, siga o exemplo abaixo:
1720-1(config)#crypto key zeroize rsa % Keys to be removed are named 1720-1.cisco.com. Do you really want to remove these keys? [yes/no]: y 1720-1(config)#. 1720-1#sh crypto key mypubkey rsa 1720-1# !-- The RSA key pairs are no longer available.
Excluir certificados PIX e pares de chaves RSA
Comandos:
-
no ca identity ca nickname - Exclua os certificados do PIX.
-
ca zeroize rsa - Exclua o par de chaves RSA do PIX.
Para excluir os certificados no PIX, siga o exemplo abaixo:
pix520-1(config)# no ca identity cisco % Removing the identity will destroy all certificates. % Be sure to ask the CA administrator to revoke your certificates. pix520-1(config)# sh cr ca cert pix520-1(config)# !--- The certificates are no longer available.
Para excluir o par de chaves RSA no PIX, siga o exemplo abaixo:
pix520-1(config)# ca zeroize rsa pix520-1(config)# sh ca mypubkey rsa !--- The RSA key pairs are no longer available.
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