QoS: Modular QoS Command-Line Interface Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 15M&T
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- Updated:
- March 26, 2015
Chapter: Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Finding Feature Information
- Restrictions for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Information About Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- How to Apply QoS Features Using the MQC
- Configuration Examples for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Example: Creating a Traffic Class
- Example Creating a Traffic Policy
- Example Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface
- Example: match not Command
- Example: Default Traffic Class Configuration
- Example: class-map match-any and class-map match-all Commands
- Example: Traffic Class as a Match Criterion (Nested Traffic Classes)
- Example Traffic Policy as a QoS Policy (Hierarchical Traffic Policies)
- Additional References
- Feature Information Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Legacy Commands Being Hidden
Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
This module contains the concepts about applying QoS features using the Modular Quality of Service (QoS) Command-Line Interface (CLI) (MQC) and the tasks for configuring the MQC. The MQC allows you to define a traffic class, create a traffic policy (policy map), and attach the traffic policy to an interface. The traffic policy contains the QoS feature that will be applied to the traffic class.
- Finding Feature Information
- Restrictions for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Information About Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- How to Apply QoS Features Using the MQC
- Configuration Examples for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Additional References
- Feature Information Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Legacy Commands Being Hidden
Finding Feature Information
Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Restrictions for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
The MQC supports a maximum of 256 classes in a single policy map.
Information About Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- The MQC Structure
- Elements of a Traffic Class
- Elements of a Traffic Policy
- Nested Traffic Classes
- match-all and match-any Keywords of the class-map Command
- input and output Keywords of the service-policy Command
- Benefits of Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
The MQC Structure
The MQC structure allows you to define a traffic class, create a traffic policy, and attach the traffic policy to an interface.
The MQC structure consists of the following three high-level steps:
Define a traffic class by using the class-map command. A traffic class is used to classify traffic.
Create a traffic policy by using the policy-map command. (The terms traffic policy and policy map are often synonymous.) A traffic policy (policy map) contains a traffic class and one or more QoS features that will be applied to the traffic class. The QoS features in the traffic policy determine how to treat the classified traffic.
Attach the traffic policy (policy map) to the interface by using the service-policy command.
Elements of a Traffic Class
A traffic class contains three major elements: a traffic class name, a series of match commands, and, if more than one match command is used in the traffic class, instructions on how to evaluate these match commands.
The match commands are used for classifying packets. Packets are checked to determine whether they meet the criteria specified in the matchcommands; if a packet meets the specified criteria, that packet is considered a member of the class. Packets that fail to meet the matching criteria are classified as members of the default traffic class.
Available match Commands
The table below lists some of the available match commands that can be used with the MQC. The available match commands vary by Cisco IOS release and platform. For more information about the commands and command syntax, see the command reference for the Cisco IOS release and platform that you are using.
If the traffic class contains more than one match command, you need to specify how to evaluate the match commands. You specify this by using either the match-any or match-allkeywords of the class-map command. Note the following points about the match-any and match-all keywords:
If you specify the match-anykeyword, the traffic being evaluated by the traffic class must match one of the specified criteria.
If you specify the match-all keyword, the traffic being evaluated by the traffic class must match all of the specified criteria.
If you do not specify either keyword, the traffic being evaluated by the traffic class must match all of the specified criteria (that is, the behavior of the match-all keyword is used).
Elements of a Traffic Policy
A traffic policy contains three elements: a traffic policy name, a traffic class (specified with the class command), and the command used to enable the QoS feature.
The traffic policy (policy map) applies the enabled QoS feature to the traffic class once you attach the policy map to the interface (by using the service-policy command).
 Note | A packet can match only one traffic class within a traffic policy. If a packet matches more than one traffic class in the traffic policy, the first traffic class defined in the policy will be used. |
The commands used to enable QoS features vary by Cisco IOS release and platform. The table below lists some of the available commands and the QoS features that they enable. For complete command syntax, see the command reference for the Cisco IOS release and platform that you are using.
|
Command |
Purpose |
||
|---|---|---|---|
|
bandwidth |
Enables Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing (CBWFQ). |
||
|
fair-queue |
Specifies the number of queues to be reserved for a traffic class. |
||
|
drop |
Discards the packets in the specified traffic class. |
||
|
identity policy |
Creates an identity policy. |
||
|
police |
Configures traffic policing. |
||
|
police (control-plane) |
Configures traffic policing for traffic that is destined for the control plane. |
||
|
police (EtherSwitch) |
Defines a policer for classified traffic. |
||
|
police (percent) |
Configures traffic policing on the basis of a percentage of bandwidth available on an interface. |
||
|
police (two rates)
|
Configures traffic policing using two rates, the committed information rate (CIR) and the peak information rate (PIR). |
||
|
police rate pdp |
Configures Packet Data Protocol (PDP) traffic policing using the police rate.
|
||
|
priority |
Gives priority to a class of traffic belonging to a policy map. |
||
|
queue-limit |
Specifies or modifies the maximum number of packets the queue can hold for a class configured in a policy map. |
||
|
random-detect |
Enables Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) or distributed WRED (DWRED). |
||
|
random-detect discard-class |
Configures the WRED parameters for a discard-class value for a class in a policy map. |
||
|
random-detect discard-class-based |
Configures WRED on the basis of the discard class value of a packet. |
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|
random-detect ecn |
Enables explicit congestion notification (ECN). |
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|
random-detect exponential-weighting-constant |
Configures the exponential weight factor for the average queue size calculation for the queue reserved for a class. |
||
|
random-detect precedence |
Configure the WRED parameters for a particular IP Precedence for a class policy in a policy map. |
||
|
service-policy |
Specifies the name of a traffic policy used as a matching criterion (for nesting traffic policies [hierarchical traffic policies] within one another). |
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|
set atm-clp |
Sets the cell loss priority (CLP) bit when a policy map is configured. |
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|
set cos |
Sets the Layer 2 class of service (CoS) value of an outgoing packet. |
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|
set discard-class |
Marks a packet with a discard-class value. |
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|
set [ip] dscp |
Marks a packet by setting the differentiated services code point (DSCP) value in the type of service (ToS) byte. |
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|
set fr-de |
Changes the discard eligible (DE) bit setting in the address field of a Frame Relay frame to 1 for all traffic leaving an interface. |
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|
set mpls experimental |
Designates the value to which the MPLS bits are set if the packets match the specified policy map. |
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|
set precedence |
Sets the precedence value in the packet header. |
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|
set qos-group |
Sets a QoS group identifier (ID) that can be used later to classify packets. |
||
|
shape |
Shapes traffic to the indicated bit rate according to the algorithm specified. |
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|
shape adaptive |
Configures a Frame Relay interface or a point-to-point subinterface to estimate the available bandwidth by backward explicit congestion notification (BECN) integration while traffic shaping is enabled. |
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|
shape fecn-adapt |
Configures a Frame Relay interface to reflect received forward explicit congestion notification (FECN) bits as backward explicit congestion notification (BECN) bits in Q.922 test response messages. |
Nested Traffic Classes
The MQC does not necessarily require that you associate only one traffic class to one traffic policy. When packets meet more than one match criterion, multiple traffic classes can be associated with a single traffic policy.
Similarly, the MQC allows multiple traffic classes (nested traffic classes, which are also called nested class maps or MQC Hierarchical class maps) to be configured as a single traffic class. This nesting can be achieved with the use of the match class-map command. The only method of combining match-any and match-all characteristics within a single traffic class is with the match class-map command.
match-all and match-any Keywords of the class-map Command
One of the commands used when you create a traffic class is the class-mapcommand. The command syntax for the class-map command includes two keywords: match-all and match-any. The match-all and match-any keywords need to be specified only if more than one match criterion is configured in the traffic class. Note the following points about these keywords:
The match-all keyword is used when all of the match criteria in the traffic class must be met in order for a packet to be placed in the specified traffic class.
The match-any keyword is used when only one of the match criterion in the traffic class must be met in order for a packet to be placed in the specified traffic class.
If neither the match-all keyword nor match-any keyword is specified, the traffic class will behave in a manner consistent with the match-all keyword.
input and output Keywords of the service-policy Command
The QoS feature configured in the traffic policy can be applied to packets entering the interface or to packets leaving the interface. Therefore, when you use the service-policy command, you need to specify the direction by using the input or output keyword.
For instance, the service-policy output class1command would apply the feature in the traffic policy to the interface. All packets leaving the interface are evaluated according to the criteria specified in the traffic policy named class1.
Benefits of Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
The MQC structure allows you to create the traffic policy (policy map) once and then apply it to as many traffic classes as needed. You can also attach the traffic policies to as many interfaces as needed.
How to Apply QoS Features Using the MQC
To create a traffic class, use the class-map command to specify the traffic class name. Then use one or more match commands to specify the appropriate match criteria. Packets matching the criteria that you specify are placed in the traffic class.
The traffic policy (policy map) applies the enabled QoS feature to the traffic class once you attach the policy map to the interface (by using the service-policy command).
Depending on the platform and Cisco IOS XE release that you are using, a traffic policy can be attached to an ATM permanent virtual circuit (PVC) subinterface, to a Frame Relay data-link connection identifier (DLCI), or to another type of interface.
- Creating a Traffic Class Using the MQC
- Creating a Traffic Policy Using the MQC
- Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface
- Verifying the Traffic Class and Traffic Policy Information
Creating a Traffic Class Using the MQC
Note | The match coscommand is shown in Step 4. The match cos command is simply an example of one of the match commands that you can use. For information about the other available match commands, see Creating a Traffic Class Using the MQC. |
1.
enable
2.
configure
terminal
3.
class-map
[match-all |
match-any]
class-map-name
4.
match
cos
cos-number
5. Enter additional match commands, if applicable; otherwise, continue with Step 6 .
6.
end
DETAILED STEPS
| Command or Action | Purpose | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
enable
Example: Router> enable |
Enables privileged EXEC mode. | ||
| Step 2 |
configure
terminal
Example: Router# configure terminal |
Enters global configuration mode. | ||
| Step 3 |
class-map
[match-all |
match-any]
class-map-name Example: Router(config)# class-map match-any class1 |
Creates a class to be used with a class map and enters class-map configuration mode. The class map is used for matching packets to the specified class.
| ||
| Step 4 |
match
cos
cos-number
Example: Router(config-cmap)# match cos 2 |
Matches a packet on the basis of a Layer 2 class of service (CoS) number.
| ||
| Step 5 | Enter additional match commands, if applicable; otherwise, continue with Step 6 . |
-- | ||
| Step 6 |
end
Example: Router(config-cmap)# end |
(Optional) Exits class-map configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. |
Creating a Traffic Policy Using the MQC
Note | The bandwidth command is shown in Step 5. The bandwidth command is simply an example of one of the commands that you can use in a policy map. For information about other available commands, see Creating a Traffic Policy Using the MQC. |
1.
enable
2.
configure
terminal
3.
policy-map
policy-map-name
4.
class
{class-name|
class-default}
5.
bandwidth
bandwidth-kbps
|
percent percent
6. Enter the commands for any additional QoS feature that you want to enable, if applicable; otherwise, continue with Step 7 .
7.
end
DETAILED STEPS
| Command or Action | Purpose | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
enable
Example: Router> enable |
Enables privileged EXEC mode. | ||
| Step 2 |
configure
terminal
Example: Router# configure terminal |
Enters global configuration mode. | ||
| Step 3 |
policy-map
policy-map-name
Example: Router(config)# policy-map policy1 |
Creates or specifies the name of the traffic policy and enters policy-map configuration mode. | ||
| Step 4 |
class
{class-name|
class-default}
Example: Router(config-pmap)# class class1 |
Specifies the name of a traffic class and enters policy-map class configuration mode.
| ||
| Step 5 |
bandwidth
bandwidth-kbps
|
percent percent Example: Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 3000 |
(Optional) Specifies a minimum bandwidth guarantee to a traffic class in periods of congestion. A minimum bandwidth guarantee can be specified in kbps or by a percentage of the overall available bandwidth.
| ||
| Step 6 | Enter the commands for any additional QoS feature that you want to enable, if applicable; otherwise, continue with Step 7 . |
-- | ||
| Step 7 |
end
Example: Router(config-pmap-c)# end |
(Optional) Exits policy-map class configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. |
Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface
The traffic policy (policy map) applies the enabled QoS feature to the traffic class once you attach the policy map to the interface (by using the service-policy command). For information about the input and output keywords of the service-policy command, see the input and output Keywords of the service-policy Command.
Depending on the platform and Cisco IOS release that you are using, a traffic policy can be attached to an ATM permanent virtual circuit (PVC) subinterface, a Frame Relay data-link connection identifier (DLCI), or another type of interface.
To attach a traffic policy to an interface, complete the following steps.
Note | Multiple traffic policies on tunnel interfaces and physical interfaces are not supported if the interfaces are associated with each other. For instance, if a traffic policy is attached to a tunnel interface while another traffic policy is attached to a physical interface--with which the tunnel interface is associated--only the traffic policy on the tunnel interface works properly. The amount of bandwidth allocated to the priority traffic cannot exceed the amount of bandwidth available on the interface. If the traffic policy is configured such that the amount of bandwidth allocated to the priority traffic exceeds the amount of bandwidth available on the interface, the traffic policy will be suspended. Previously, the policy map would have been rejected. Now that it is only suspended, you have the option of modifying the traffic policy accordingly and then reattaching the traffic policy to the interface. |
1.
enable
2.
configure
terminal
3.
interface
interface-type
interface-number
4.
service-policy
{input |
output}
policy-map-name
5.
end
DETAILED STEPS
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
enable
Example: Router> enable |
Enables privileged EXEC mode. |
| Step 2 |
configure
terminal
Example: Router# configure terminal |
Enters global configuration mode. |
| Step 3 |
interface
interface-type
interface-number
Example: Router(config)# interface serial0 |
Configures an interface type and enters interface configuration mode. |
| Step 4 |
service-policy
{input |
output}
policy-map-name
Example: Router(config-if)# service-policy input policy1 |
Attaches a policy map to an interface. |
| Step 5 |
end
Example: Router (config-if)# end |
(Optional) Exits interface configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. |
Verifying the Traffic Class and Traffic Policy Information
1.
enable
2.
show
class-map
3.
show
policy-map
policy-map-name
class
class-name
4.
show
policy-map
5.
show
policy-map
interface
interface-type
interface-number
6.
exit
DETAILED STEPS
| Command or Action | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
| Step 1 |
enable
Example: Router> enable |
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
|
| Step 2 |
show
class-map
Example: Router# show class-map |
(Optional) Displays all class maps and their matching criteria. |
| Step 3 |
show
policy-map
policy-map-name
class
class-name
Example: Router# show policy-map policy1 class class1 |
(Optional) Displays the configuration for the specified class of the specified policy map.
|
| Step 4 |
show
policy-map
Example: Router# show policy-map |
(Optional) Displays the configuration of all classes for all existing policy maps. |
| Step 5 |
show
policy-map
interface
interface-type
interface-number
Example: Router# show policy-map interface serial0 |
(Optional) Displays the statistics and the configurations of the input and output policies that are attached to an interface.
|
| Step 6 |
exit
Example: Router# exit |
(Optional) Exits privileged EXEC mode. |
Configuration Examples for Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
- Example: Creating a Traffic Class
- Example Creating a Traffic Policy
- Example Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface
- Example: match not Command
- Example: Default Traffic Class Configuration
- Example: class-map match-any and class-map match-all Commands
- Example: Traffic Class as a Match Criterion (Nested Traffic Classes)
- Example Traffic Policy as a QoS Policy (Hierarchical Traffic Policies)
Example: Creating a Traffic Class
In the following example, two traffic classes are created and their match criteria are defined. For the first traffic class called class1, access control list (ACL) 101 is used as the match criterion. For the second traffic class called class2, ACL 102 is used as the match criterion. Packets are checked against the contents of these ACLs to determine if they belong to the class.
Router(config)# class-map class1 Router(config-cmap)# match access-group 101 Router(config-cmap)# exit Router(config)# class-map class2 Router(config-cmap)# match access-group 102 Router(config-cmap)# end
Example Creating a Traffic Policy
In the following example, a traffic policy called policy1 is defined. The traffic policy contains the QoS features to be applied to two classes--class1 and class2. The match criteria for these classes were previously defined (as described in the Example Creating a Traffic Class).
For class1, the policy includes a bandwidth allocation request and a maximum packet count limit for the queue reserved for the class. For class2, the policy specifies only a bandwidth allocation request.
Router(config)# policy-map policy1 Router(config-pmap)# class class1 Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 3000 Router(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 30 Router(config-pmap-c)# exit Router(config-pmap)# class class2 Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 2000 Router(config-pmap-c)# end
Example Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface
The following example shows how to attach an existing traffic policy to an interface. After you define a traffic policy with the policy-map command, you can attach it to one or more interfaces by using the service-policy command in interface configuration mode. Although you can assign the same traffic policy to multiple interfaces, each interface can have only one traffic policy attached in the input direction and only one traffic policy attached in the output direction.
Router(config)# interface ethernet1/1 Router(config-if)# service-policy output policy1 Router(config-if)# exit Router(config)# interface fastethernet1/0/0 Router(config-if)# service-policy output policy1 Router(config-if)# exit
Example: match not Command
The match notcommand is used to specify a specific QoS policy value that is not used as a match criterion. If the match not command is issued, all other values of that QoS policy become successful match criteria. For instance, if the match not qos-group 4 command is issued in QoS class-map configuration mode, the specified class will accept all QoS group values except 4 as successful match criteria.
In the following traffic class, all protocols except IP are considered successful match criteria:
Router(config)# class-map noip Router(config-cmap)# match not protocol ip Router(config-cmap)# end
Example: Default Traffic Class Configuration
Unclassified traffic (traffic that does not meet the match criteria specified in the traffic classes) is treated as belonging to the default traffic class.
If you do not configure a default class, packets are still treated as members of the default class. However, by default, the default class has no QoS features enabled. Therefore, packets belonging to a default class have no QoS functionality. These packets are placed into a first-in, first-out (FIFO) queue managed by tail drop. Tail drop is a means of avoiding congestion that treats all traffic equally and does not differentiate between classes of service. Queues fill during periods of congestion. When the output queue is full and tail drop is in effect, packets are dropped until the congestion is eliminated and the queue is no longer full.
Example: class-map match-any and class-map match-all Commands
This example illustrates the difference between the class-map match-any command and the class-map match-all command. The match-any and match-all keywords determine how packets are evaluated when multiple match criteria exist. Packets must either meet all of the match criteria (match-all) or meet one of the match criteria (match-any) to be considered a member of the traffic class.
The following example shows a traffic class configured with the class-map match-all command:
If a packet arrives on a router with the traffic class called cisco1 configured on the interface, the packet is evaluated to determine if it matches the IP protocol, QoS group 4, and access group 101. If all three of these match criteria are met, the packet is classified as a member of the traffic class cisco1.
The following example shows a traffic class that is configured with the class-map match-any command:
In the traffic class called cisco2, the match criteria are evaluated consecutively until a successful match criterion is located. The packet is first evaluated to determine whether the IP protocol can be used as a match criterion. If the IP protocol can be used as a match criterion, the packet is matched to traffic class cisco2. If the IP protocol is not a successful match criterion, then QoS group 4 is evaluated as a match criterion. Each criterion is evaluated to see if the packet matches that criterion. Once a successful match occurs, the packet is classified as a member of traffic class cisco2. If the packet matches none of the specified criteria, the packet is classified as a member of the default traffic class (class default-class).
Note that the class-map match-all command requires that all of the match criteria be met in order for the packet to be considered a member of the specified traffic class (a logical AND operator). In the first example, protocol IP AND QoS group 4 AND access group 101 must be successful match criteria. However, only one match criterion must be met in order for the packet in the class-map match-any command to be classified as a member of the traffic class (a logical OR operator). In the second example, protocol IP OR QoS group 4 OR access group 101 must be successful match criterion.
Example: Traffic Class as a Match Criterion (Nested Traffic Classes)
There are two reasons to use the match class-map command. One reason is maintenance; if a large traffic class currently exists, using the traffic class match criterion is easier than retyping the same traffic class configuration. The more common reason for the match class-map command is to allow users to use match-any and match-all statements in the same traffic class. If you want to combine match-all and match-any characteristics in a traffic policy, create a traffic class using one match criterion evaluation instruction (either match-any or match-all) and then use this traffic class as a match criterion in a traffic class that uses a different match criterion type.
Here is a possible scenario: Suppose A, B, C, and D were all separate match criterion, and you wanted traffic matching A, B, or C and D (A or B or [C and D]) to be classified as belonging to the traffic class. Without the nested traffic class, traffic would either have to match all four of the match criterion (A and B and C and D) or match any of the match criterion (A or B or C or D) to be considered part of the traffic class. You would not be able to combine “and” (match-all) and “or” (match-any) statements within the traffic class, and you would therefore be unable to configure the desired configuration.
The solution: Create one traffic class using match-all for C and D (which we will call criterion E), and then create a new match-any traffic class using A, B, and E. The new traffic class would have the correct evaluation sequence (A or B or E, which would also be A or B or [C and D]). The desired traffic class configuration has been achieved.
The only method of mixing match-all and match-any statements in a traffic class is through the use of the traffic class match criterion.
- Example: Nested Traffic Class for Maintenance
- Example Nested Traffic Class to Combine match-any and match-all Characteristics in One Traffic Class
Example: Nested Traffic Class for Maintenance
In the following example, the traffic class called class1 has the same characteristics as the traffic class called class2, with the exception that traffic class class1 has added a destination address as a match criterion. Rather than configuring traffic class class1 line by line, you can enter the match class-map class2 command. This command allows all of the characteristics in the traffic class called class2 to be included in the traffic class called class1, and you can add the new destination address match criterion without reconfiguring the entire traffic class.
Router(config)# class-map match-any class2 Router(config-cmap)# match protocol ip Router(config-cmap)# match qos-group 3 Router(config-cmap)# match access-group 2 Router(config-cmap)# exit Router(config)# class-map match-all class1 Router(config-cmap)# match class-map class2 Router(config-cmap)# match destination-address mac 00.00.00.00.00.00 Router(config-cmap)# exit
Example Nested Traffic Class to Combine match-any and match-all Characteristics in One Traffic Class
The only method of including both match-any and match-all characteristics in a single traffic class is to use the match class-map command. To combine match-any and match-all characteristics into a single class, a traffic class created with the match-any instruction must use a class configured with the match-all instruction as a match criterion (through the match class-map command) or vice versa.
The following example shows how to combine the characteristics of two traffic classes, one with match-any and one with match-all characteristics, into one traffic class with the match class-map command. The result requires a packet to match one of the following three match criteria to be considered a member of traffic class class4: IP protocol and QoS group 4, destination MAC address 00.00.00.00.00.00, or access group 2.
In this example, only the traffic class called class4 is used with the traffic policy called policy1.
Router(config)# class-map match-all class3 Router(config-cmap)# match protocol ip Router(config-cmap)# match qos-group 4 Router(config-cmap)# exit Router(config)# class-map match-any class4 Router(config-cmap)# match class-map class3 Router(config-cmap)# match destination-address mac 00.00.00.00.00.00 Router(config-cmap)# match access-group 2 Router(config-cmap)# exit Router(config)# policy-map policy1 Router(config-pmap)# class class4 Router(config-pmap-c)# police 8100 1500 2504 conform-action transmit exceed-action set-qos-transmit 4 Router(config-pmap-c)# end
Example Traffic Policy as a QoS Policy (Hierarchical Traffic Policies)
A traffic policy can be included in a QoS policy when the service-policy command is used in policy-map class configuration mode. A traffic policy that contains a traffic policy is called a hierarchical traffic policy.
A hierarchical traffic policy contains a child policy and a parent policy. The child policy is the previously defined traffic policy that is being associated with the new traffic policy through the use of the service-policy command. The new traffic policy using the preexisting traffic policy is the parent policy. In the example in this section, the traffic policy called child is the child policy and traffic policy called parent is the parent policy.
Hierarchical traffic policies can be attached to subinterfaces and ATM PVCs. When hierarchical traffic policies are used, a single traffic policy (with a child and a parent policy) can be used to shape and prioritize PVC traffic. In the following example, the child policy is responsible for prioritizing traffic and the parent policy is responsible for shaping traffic. In this configuration, the parent policy allows packets to be sent from the interface, and the child policy determines the order in which the packets are sent.
Router(config)# policy-map child Router(config-pmap)# class voice Router(config-pmap-c)# priority 50 Router(config)# policy-map parent Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average 10000000 Router(config-pmap-c)# service-policy child
The value used with the shape command is provisioned from the committed information rate (CIR) value from the service provider.
Additional References
Related Documents
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Related Topic |
Document Title |
|---|---|
|
Cisco IOS commands |
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Selective Packet Discard |
“IPv6 Selective Packet Discard” module |
Standards
|
Standard |
Title |
|---|---|
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No new or modified standards are supported, and support for existing standards has not been modified. |
-- |
MIBs
|
MIB |
MIBs Link |
|---|---|
|
No new or modified MIBs are supported, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified. |
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: |
RFCs
|
RFC |
Title |
|---|---|
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No new or modified RFCs are supported, and support for existing RFCs has not been modified. |
-- |
Technical Assistance
|
Description |
Link |
|---|---|
|
The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. |
Feature Information Applying QoS Features Using the MQC
The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
|
Feature Name |
Releases |
Feature Information |
|---|---|---|
|
Modular QoS CLI (MQC) Unconditional Packet Discard |
12.2(13)T |
The Modular QoS CLI (MQC) Unconditional Packet Discard feature allows you to classify traffic matching certain criteria and then configure the system to unconditionally discard any packets matching that criteria. |
|
Class-Based Frame Relay Discard Eligible (DE)-Bit Matching and Marking |
12.2(2)T |
The Class-Based Frame Relay Discard Eligible (DE)-Bit Matching and Marking feature enhances the MQC to support Frame Relay DE bit matching and marking. Packets with FR DE bit set can be matched to a class and the appropriate QoS feature or treatment be applied. |
|
Modular QoS CLI (MQC) |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 Cisco IOS XE 3.1.0 SG |
This feature was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers. In Cisco IOS XE 3.1.0 SG, this feature was integrated. |
Legacy Commands Being Hidden
The table below lists the commands that have been hidden or removed. The table also lists their replacement commands (or sequence of commands).
|
Hidden, Removed or Unsupported Commands |
Replacement MQC Command Sequence |
||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Configuring Weighted Random Early Detection or Distributed Weighted Random Early Detection Parameter Groups |
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Commands
Command Usage Router(config)# random-detect-group group-name [dscp-based|prec-based] Router(config)# interface atm type number Router(config-if)# pvc [name] vpi/vci Router(config-if-atm-vc)# random-detect [attach group-name ] |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). |
||
|
Configuring Weighted Random Early Detection |
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|
Commands
Command Usage
Router(config)# interface type number
Router(config-if)# random-detect [number]
Router(config-if)# random-detect exponential-weighting-constant exponent
Router(config-if)# random-detect flow
Router(config-if)# random-detect precedence {precedence|rsvp} min-threshold max-threshold max-probability-denominator
Router(config-if)# random-detect prec-based
Router(config-if)# random-detect dscp-based
Router(config-if)# random-detect dscp dscp-value min-threshold max-threshold[max-probability-denominator]
|
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect dscp dscp-value min-threshold max-threshold[ mark-probability-denominator] Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect clp clp-value min-threshold max-threshold[mark-probability-denominator] Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect cos cos-value min-threshold max-threshold[mark-probability-denominator] Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect discard-class discard-class-value min-threshold max-threshold[ mark-probability-denominator] Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detectprecedence ip-precedence min-threshold max-threshold[mark-probability-denominator] Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect precedence-based Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect ecn Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect exponential-weighting-constant exponent Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect cos-based Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect dscp-based |
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|
Commands Command Usage Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# random-detect [number] Router(config-if)# random-detect flow Router(config-if)# random-detect flow count number Router(config-if)# random-detect flow average-depth-factor scaling-factor |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). |
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Configuring Bandwidth Allocation |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# max-reserved-bandwidth percentage |
Command Usage
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth{bandwidth-in-kbps |remaining percent percentage | percent percentage}
|
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|
Configuring Custom Queueing |
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Commands
Command Usage Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# custom-queue-list[list-number] |
Command Usage
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth{
bandwidth-in-kbps |remaining percent percentage |percent percentage}
|
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Configuring Priority Queueing |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# ip rtp priority starting-port-number port-range bandwidth Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# ip rtp reserve lowest-udp-port range-of-ports [maximum-bandwidth] 1000 |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-name Router(config-pmap-c)# priority |
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Configuring Weighted Fair Queueing |
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Commands Command Usage (Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)S) Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# fair-queue Command Usage (Cisco IOS Release 15.1(3)T) Router(config)# interfacetype number Router(config-if)# fair-queue [congestive- discard-threshold [ dynamic-queue-count [reserved-queue-count]]] |
Command Usage (Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)S) Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# fair-queue Command Usage (Cisco IOS Release 15.1(3)T) Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# fair-queue[dynamic-queues ] |
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Assigning a Priority Group to an Interface |
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Commands
Command Usage Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)# priority-group list-number |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# priority Router(config-pmap-c)# priority bandwidth-in-kbps [burst-in-bytes] Router(config-pmap-c)# priority percent percent [burst-in-bytes] Router(config-pmap-c)# priority level level Router(config-pmap-c)# priority level level [bandwidth-in-kbps [burst-in-bytes]] Router(config-pmap-c)# priority level level[percent percent [burst-in-bytes]] |
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Configuring the Threshold for Discarding DE Packets from a Switched PVC Traffic Shaping Queue |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay congestion threshold de percentage |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name1 Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect discard-class-based Router(config-pmap-c)# random-detect discard-class discard-class min-threshold max-threshold Router(config-pmap-c)# exit Router(config-pmap)# exit Router(config)# policy-map shape Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average rate Router(config-pmap-c)# service-policy policy-map-name1 Router(config-pmap-c)# exit Router(config-pmap)# exit Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name2 Router(config-pmap)# class class-name Router(config-pmap-c)# set discard-classdiscard-class |
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Configuring Frame Relay Custom Queueing for Virtual Circuits |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay custom-queue-list list-number |
Command Usage
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth{bandwidth-in-kbps | remaining percent percentage | percentpercentage}
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Configuring Frame Relay ECN Bits Threshold |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay congestion threshold ecn percentage |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). The closest equivalent is MQC traffic shaping (not based on ECN). Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average rate |
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Configuring Frame Relay Weighted Fair Queueing |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay fair-queue [discard-threshold [dynamic-queue-count[reserved-queue-count [buffer-limit]]]] |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# fair-queue Router(config-pmap-c)# fair-queue queue-limit packets
|
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Configuring Frame Relay Priority Queueing on a PVC |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay ip rtp priority starting-port-number port-range bandwidth |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-name Router(config-pmap-c)# priority bandwidth-in-kbps [burst-in-bytes] |
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|
Assigning a Priority Queue to Virtual Circuits Associated with a Map Class |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relaymap-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay priority-group group-number |
Command Usage Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# priority Router(config-pmap-c)# priority bandwidth-in-kbps [burst-in-bytes] Router(config-pmap-c)# priority percent percentage [burst-in-bytes] Router(config-pmap-c)# priority level level [percent percentage [burst-in-bytes]]
|
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Configuring the Frame Relay Rate Adjustment to BECN |
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|
Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay adaptive-shaping becn |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). The closest equivalent is MQC traffic shaping (not based on BECN). Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# shape adaptive rate |
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Configuring the Frame Relay Rate Adjustment to ForeSight Messages |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config)# frame-relay adaptive-shaping foresight |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). |
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Enabling Frame Relay Traffic-Shaping FECNs as BECNs |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name Router(config-map-class)#frame-relay fecn-adapt |
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). The closest equivalent is MQC traffic shaping (not based on FECN/BECN).
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average rate
|
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Configuring the Frame Relay Enhanced Local Management Interface |
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Commands
Command Usage
Router(config)# interface type numberRouter(config-if)#no ip address
Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
Router(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-typeansi
Router(config-if)# frame-relay traffic-shaping
Router(config-if)# frame-relay qos-autosense
|
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). |
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Configuring Frame Relay Minimum Committed Information Rate (MINCIR) |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# frame-relay mincir {in | out} bps
|
Command Usage None (this functionality no longer exists). |
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|
Configuring Frame Relay Priority to a permanent virtual circuit (PVC) |
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|
Commands Command Usage
Router(config)# interface type numberRouter(config-if)#no ip address
Router(config-if)# frame-relay interface-queue priority 10 20 30 40
|
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# priority Router(config-pmap)# class class-default Router(config-pmap-c)# priority |
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Configuring Frame Relay Traffic Shaping |
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|
Commands
Command Usage
Router(config)# map-class frame-relay map-class-name
Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay bc {in | out} committed-burst-size-in-bits
Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay be {in | out} excess-burst-size-in-bits
Router(config-map-class)# frame-relay cir {in | out} bits-per-second
|
Command Usage
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average
rate
|
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Configuring Frame Relay Traffic Shaping on a VC |
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Commands Command Usage Router(config)# map-class frame-relaymap-class-name Router(config-map-class)# traffic-rate average [peak] |
Router(config)# policy-map policy-map-name
Router(config-pmap)# class class-default
Router(config-pmap-c)# shape average rate
Router(config-pmap-c)# service-policy output traffic-rate service-policy output traffic-rate
|
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Displaying the Contents of Packets Inside a Queue for an Interface or VC |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show queue interface |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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Displaying Queueing Strategies |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show queueing |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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Displaying Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) Information |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show interfaces [type number] random-detect |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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Displaying WRED Parameter Groups |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show random-detect-group |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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Displaying the Traffic-Shaping Configuration, Queueing, and Statistics |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show traffic-shape [interface-type interface-number] Router# show traffic-shape queue [interface-number [dlci dlci-number]] Router# show traffic-shape statistics [interface-type interface-number] |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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Displaying Weighted Fair Queueing Information |
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Commands Command Usage Router# show interfaces [interface-type interface-number] fair-queue |
Command Usage Router# show policy-map interface |
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