IP Switching: Cisco Express Forwarding Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 12.4T
CEF Enhancements
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Contents

CEF Enhancements

Last Updated: October 5, 2011

The purpose of this document is to describe the changes based on the Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure scalability enhancements that have been implemented to adapt to the evolution of the Internet and to support new platforms and features. The changes are the removal of IP fast switching and the introduction of command line interface (CLI) modifications.

This document lists Cisco Express Forwarding CLI commands that are removed, replaced, changed, and new. To help you transition to the new CLI format, the document illustrates the output for new commands and changed commands.

Enhancements to Cisco Express Forwarding enable it to operate with the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Infrastructure (MFI) and guarantee consistency across Cisco IOS release trains. Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure changes were introduced and implemented in the Cisco IOS 12.2(25)S-based releases and were added for T releases in Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T.

Cisco Express Forwarding is an advanced Layer 3 IP switching technology. It optimizes network performance and scalability for all kinds of networks: those that carry small amounts of traffic and those that carry large amounts of traffic in complex patterns, such as the Internet, and networks characterized by intensive web-based applications or interactive sessions.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Information About CEF

This document presents the following topics to explain the changes you will find with the implementation of the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements. This information should be helpful as you transition to Cisco IOS software that includes the Cisco Express Forwarding and MFI enhancements.

The fifth and sixth topics provide information about the CLI changes implemented as part of the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements. In each section, the commands that are changed are listed, followed by an explanation of how they are changed. Sample command output is included in sections to compare "before" and "after" output information and to provide new output information.

The information about the commands is presented in the following order:

  • Removed or existing, but unsupported, commands
  • Commands with modified output
  • New commands created for output consistency
  • Related commands with unchanged output

Introduction of CEF Enhancements

Cisco Express Forwarding is at the heart of switching in every router. Improvements have been made to the Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure to enhance and scale switching. Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements were introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S and first adopted by Cisco IOS 12.2(25)S-based releases. In Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T, the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements were added for Cisco IOS 12.4(20)T releases and later T-based releases.

The table below lists the Cisco IOS releases and platforms that support the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements and the changes described in this document.

Table 1Cisco IOS Releases and Platforms That Support Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

Cisco IOS Release

Platforms Supported

12.2(25)SE

Catalyst 2970 series switches Catalyst 3500 series switches Catalyst 3750 series switches

12.2(25)SG

Catalyst 4500 series Switches

12.2(28)SB

Cisco 7200 series routers Cisco 7301 series routers Cisco 7304 series routers Cisco 10000 series routers

12.2(33)SRA

Cisco 7600 series routers

12.2(33)SXH

Catalyst 6500 series switches

12.4(20)T

Cisco 800 series routers Cisco 1700 series routers Cisco 1800 series routers Cisco 2600 series routers Cisco 2800 series routers Cisco 3200 series routers Cisco 3600 series routers Cisco 3700 series routers Cisco 3800 series routers Cisco 7200 series routers Cisco 7400 series routers Cisco 8850 series routers Cisco AS5000 series universal gateways

CEF Enhancements Described

Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T incorporates the following Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure changes:

  • Cisco Express Forwarding Scalability and Selective Rewrite (CSSR) for enhanced scalable, distributed Layer 3 switching
  • Enhanced Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Infrastructure (MFI)

For information on MFI enhancements, see MPLS Infrastructure Changes: Introduction of MFI and Removal of MPLS LSC and LC-ATM Features.

The Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure changes provide the following:

  • Simplified fast switching path decisions for both IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, which improve performance and provide more CPU cycles for other Cisco IOS services
  • Enhanced scalability to support large numbers of the following:
    • IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes and adjacencies
    • Load balancing paths over multiple links based on Layer 3 routing information
    • Virtual Private Network (VPN) routing and forwarding (VRF) instances
  • Improved manageability of the following:
    • Cisco Express Forwarding logging for both IPv4 and IPv6
    • Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (uRPF) strict and loose mode
    • Cisco Express Forwarding MIB (CEF-MIB)
    • uRPF MIB
    • CLI display enhancements for Cisco Express Forwarding

No new features are introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T. However, some features that previously shipped with a Cisco IOS 12.2(25)S-based release are new to the Cisco IOS 12.4T release.


Note
CSSR and MFI enhancements in Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T might result in changed performance characteristics in your network. We suggest that you test configurations before upgrading to this software.

Removal of Support for IPv4 Fast Switching

IPv4 fast switching is removed with the implementation of the Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure enhancements for Cisco IOS 12.2(25)S-based releases and Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T. For these and later Cisco IOS releases, switching path are Cisco Express Forwarding switched or process switched. This makes the switching decision easier for future development of software features.


Note
Starting with the implementation of the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements and the removal of IPv4 fast switching, components that do not support Cisco Express Forwarding will work only in process switched mode.

CEF Command Changes

The following commands are obsolete and have been removed from Cisco IOS software with the present Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements:

  • show ip cef inconsistency records
  • show ip cef inconsistency now
  • show ip cef inconsistency now detail

The table below lists the commands that replace the removed commands.

Table 2Removed Cisco Express Forwarding Commands--Cisco Express Forwarding

Command Before Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

Replacement Command After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

ip cef table adjacency-prefix

--

ip cef table resolution-timer

--

show ip cef inconsistency records

test cef table consistency

show ip cef inconsistency now

test cef table consistency

show ip cef inconsistency now detail

test cef table consistency detail

The following commands still exist, but are no longer supported in Cisco IOS software:

  • show cef events
  • show cef dropped
  • show cef non-cef-switched

The table below lists commands that still exist, but are no longer supported, and the commands that replaces the unsupported commands. You should start using the replacement commands.

Table 3Replaced Cisco Express Forwarding Commands--Cisco Express Forwarding Feature

Command Before Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

Replacement Command After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

ip cef event -log

monitor event-log cef event

ip cef interface event-log

monitor event-log cef interface

ip cef table event-log

monitor event-log cef ipv4

ip cef table consistency-check

cef table consistency-check

ip cef loadinfo

cef table output-chain

show cef events

show monitor event-trace cef events all

show cef drop

show {ip | ipv6} cef switching statistics[feature]1

show cef not-cef-switched

show {ip| ipv6} cef switching statistics [feature]

1 If you enter the optional feature keyword, the output shows per-feature drop and punt counters.

CEF show Command Output Changes

This section describes the CLI command output changes introduced with the Cisco Express Forwarding feature. In some commands the output format is changed. In other commands, pieces of information are added or removed from the output. The output of the following commands is changed with this feature:

  • show ip cef summary
  • show ipv6 cef summary
  • show ip cef internal
  • show ipv6 cef internal
  • show ip cef detail
  • show ipv6 cef detail
  • show ip cef internal
  • show ipv6 cef internal
  • show ip cef
  • show ip cef exact-route detail
  • show ip cef exact-route
  • show ip cef adjacency
  • show adjacency summary
  • show adjacency detail
  • show adjacency internal
  • show cef state
  • show cef timers
  • show ip cef epoch
  • show ipv6 cef epoch
  • show ip cef unresolved detail
  • show ipv6 cef unresolved detail
  • show ipv6 cef non-recursive

For a full description of these commands, see the Cisco IOS IP Switching Command Reference and the Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference.

show ip cef summary

This feature provides the following changes to the output of the show ip cef summary command:

  • IPv4 and IPv6 are separately addressed.
  • Figures related to adjacencies are moved to the show adjacency summarycommand (see the show adjacency summary).
  • Mtrie data structure descriptions are moved to a new command, the show ip cef tree command (see the New Commands for the CEF Feature).

The table below compares the show ip cef summary command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.

Table 4show ip cef summary Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements

Old

New 

Router# show ip cef summary

 
				
IP CEF with switching (Table Version 32), flags=0x0

 
				
  26 routes, 0 reresolve, 0 unresolved (0 old, 0 new), peak 2

 
				
  26 leaves, 19 nodes, 23400 bytes, 53 inserts, 27 invalidations

 
				
  0 load sharing elements, 0 bytes, 0 references

 
				
  universal per-destination load sharing algorithm, id DF940F94

 
				
  3(0) CEF resets, 0 revisions of existing leaves

 
				
  Resolution Timer: Exponential (currently 1s, peak 1s)

 
				
  0 in-place/0 aborted modifications

 
				
  refcounts:  1342 leaf, 1321 node

 
				

 
				
  Table epoch: 0 (26 entries at this epoch)

 
				

 
				
Adjacency Table has 4 adjacencies

 
				
  2 IPv4 adjacencies

 
				
  2 IPv6 adjacencies

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef summary

 
				

 
				
IPv4 CEF is enabled and running

 
				
VRF Default:

 
				
 22 prefixes (22/0 fwd/non-fwd)

 
				
 Table id 0

 
				
 Database epoch:        0 (22 entries at this epoch)

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef summary


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  summary command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (information provided is similar to what was provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancement.)
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  summary command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 5show ipv6 cef summary Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef summary

 
				

 
				
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running

 
				
Slow processing intvl = 1 seconds backoff level current/max 0/0

 
				
0 unresolved prefixes, 0 requiring adjacency update

 
				
IPv6 CEF default table

 
				
19 prefixes

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef summary
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running
VRF Default:
 20 prefixes (20/0 fwd/non-fwd)
 Table id 0
 Database epoch:        0 (20 entries at this epoch)

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef internal


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  internal command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  IPv4 and IPv6 are separately addressed.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Mtrie data structure descriptions are moved to a new command, the 
		  show 
			 ip 
			 cef 
			 tree command (see the 
		  New Commands for the CEF Feature).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Troubleshooting is made easier with the addition of references to internal structure pointers.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The concept of output chain (chain of output features) is introduced.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		  show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  internalcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 6show ip cef internal Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef internal
IP CEF with switching (Table Version 32), flags=0x0
  26 routes, 0 reresolve, 0 unresolved (0 old, 0 new), peak 2
  26 leaves, 19 nodes, 23400 bytes, 53 inserts, 27 invalidations
  0 load sharing elements, 0 bytes, 0 references
  universal per-destination load sharing algorithm, id DF940F94
  3(0) CEF resets, 0 revisions of existing leaves
  Resolution Timer: Exponential (currently 1s, peak 1s)
  0 in-place/0 aborted modifications
  refcounts:  1342 leaf, 1321 node
  Table epoch: 0 (26 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency Table has 3 adjacencies
  1 IPv4 adjacency
  2 IPv6 adjacencies
0.0.0.0/32, version 0, epoch 0, receive
10.10.1.1/32, version 22, epoch 0, cached adjacency 172.17.24.1 (0x629E1B60)
0 packets, 0 bytes
  via 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1, 0 dependencies
    next hop 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1
    valid cached adjacency (0x629E1B60)

 
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef internal
IPv4 CEF is enabled and running
VRF Default:
 22 prefixes (22/0 fwd/non-fwd)
 Table id 0
 Database epoch:        0 (22 entries at this epoch)
0.0.0.0/32, epoch 0, flags receive, refcount 4
  sources: Spc 
  feature space:
   MFI: path extension list empty
  subblocks:
   Special source: receive
  ifnums: (none)
  path 633AA3DC, path list 633A79D0, share 1, type receive
   path_list contains no resolved destination(s). HW IPv4 notified.
  receive
  output chain: receive (11)
10.10.1.1/32, epoch 0, RIB, refcount 4
  sources: RIB 
  feature space:
   MFI: path extension list empty
   IPRM: 0x00038000
   IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0
  ifnums: (none)
  path 633A9504, path list 633A6FB8, share 1, type attached nexthop  
   path_list contains at least one resolved destination(s). HW IPv4 notified.
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0, adjacency IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0
  output chain: IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef internal


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  internal command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  More references to pointers are added.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The concept of output chain (chain of output features) is introduced.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The previous version of the command output is very similar to the output of the command after the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  internalcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 7show ipv6 cef internal Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef internal
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running
Slow processing intvl = 1 seconds backoff level current/max 0/0
0 unresolved prefixes, 0 requiring adjacency update
IPv6 CEF default table
19 prefixes tableid 0
table version 37
root 63038970
2001:1:12::/64 RIBfib 
 Using cached adjacency 0x629E1CE0
  path list pointer 62A2C310
    1 path -
     Nexthop  path_pointer 62A297B0 traffic share 1 path_list pointer 62A2C310
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
     next_hop_len 0 adjacency pointer 629E1CE0 
    refcount 10
    no loadinfo

 
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef internal

 
				

 
				
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running

 
				
VRF Default:

 
				
 20 prefixes (20/0 fwd/non-fwd)

 
				
 Table id 0

 
				
 Database epoch:        0 (20 entries at this epoch)

 
				

 
				
2001:1:12::/64, epoch 0, RIB, refcount 3

 
				
  sources: RIB 

 
				
  feature space:

 
				
   MFI: path extension list empty

 
				
   IPRM: 0x00038000

 
				
   IPV6 adj out of POS1/0 635BAFE0

 
				
  ifnums: (none)

 
				
  path 633A9A18, path list 633A732C, share 1, type attached nexthop

 
				
   path_list contains at least one resolved destination(s). HW IPv6 notified.

 
				
  nexthop FE80::205:DCFF:FE26:4800 POS1/0, adjacency IPV6 adj out of POS1/0 635BAFE0

 
				
  output chain: IPV6 adj out of POS1/0 635BAFE0

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  detail command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  IPv4 and IPv6 are now separately addressed.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Mtrie data structure descriptions are moved to a new command, the 
		  show 
			 ip 
			 cef 
			 tree command (see the 
		  New Commands for the CEF Feature).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The per-prefix output is reformatted (however, the information provided is the same).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The table below compares the 
		  show 
			 ip 
			 cef 
			 detailcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 

Table 8show ip cef detail Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef detail
IP CEF with switching (Table Version 32), flags=0x0
  26 routes, 0 reresolve, 0 unresolved (0 old, 0 new), peak 2
  26 leaves, 19 nodes, 23400 bytes, 53 inserts, 27 invalidations
  0 load sharing elements, 0 bytes, 0 references
  universal per-destination load sharing algorithm, id DF940F94
  3(0) CEF resets, 0 revisions of existing leaves
  Resolution Timer: Exponential (currently 1s, peak 1s)
  0 in-place/0 aborted modifications
  refcounts:  1342 leaf, 1321 node
  Table epoch: 0 (26 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency Table has 3 adjacencies
  1 IPv4 adjacency
  2 IPv6 adjacencies
0.0.0.0/32, version 0, epoch 0, receive
10.10.1.1/32, version 22, epoch 0, cached adjacency 172.17.24.1
0 packets, 0 bytes
  via 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1, 0 dependencies
    next hop 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1
    valid cached adjacency

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef detail
IPv4 CEF is enabled and running
VRF Default:
 22 prefixes (22/0 fwd/non-fwd)
 Table id 0
 Database epoch:        0 (22 entries at this epoch)
0.0.0.0/32, epoch 0, flags receive
  Special source: receive
  receive
10.10.1.1/32, epoch 0
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0
10.10.1.2/32, epoch 0
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0
10.20.12.0/24, epoch 0
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0
10.60.17.0/24, epoch 0, flags attached, connected
  attached to FastEthernet0/0
10.60.17.0/32, epoch 0, flags receive
  receive
10.60.17.251/32, epoch 0, flags receive
  receive

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  detail command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (the information provided is the same as before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  detailcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 9show ipv6 cef detail Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef detail
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running
Slow processing intvl = 1 seconds backoff level current/max 0/0
0 unresolved prefixes, 0 requiring adjacency update
IPv6 CEF default table
19 prefixes
2001:1:12::/64 RIBfib 
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
2001:2:13::/64 RIBfib 
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
2001:2:22::/64 RIBfib 
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
2001:2:24::2/128 Receive, RIBfib 
  Receive
2001:2:24::/64 Attached, Connected, RIBfib 

 
				
 attached to FastEthernet0/1
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef detail
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running
VRF Default:
 20 prefixes (20/0 fwd/non-fwd)
 Table id 0
 Database epoch:        0 (20 entries at this epoch)
2001:1:12::/64, epoch 0
  nexthop FE80::205:DCFF:FE26:4800 POS1/0
2001:2:13::/64, epoch 0, flags attached, connected
  attached to POS1/0
2001:2:13::2/128, epoch 0, flags receive

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef internal


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		prefix 
		 
		  internal command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Troubleshooting is made easier with the addition of references to internal structure pointers.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The concept of output chain (chain of output features) is introduced.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		prefix 
		 
		  internal command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 10show ip cef prefix internalCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef 10.20.12.0/24
 internal
10.20.12.0/24, version 17, epoch 0, cached adjacency 172.17.24.1 (0x629E1B60)
0 packets, 0 bytes
  via 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1, 0 dependencies
    next hop 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1
    valid cached adjacency (0x629E1B60)

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef 172.16.1.0/24 internal
172.16.1.0/24, epoch 0, RIB, refcount 5
  sources: RIB 
  feature space:
   MFI: path extension list empty
   IPRM: 0x00038000
   IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0
  path 633A9504, path list 633A6FB8, share 1, type attached nexthop, for IPv4
  ifnums: (none)
   path_list contains at least one resolved destination(s). HW IPv4 notified.
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0, adjacency IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0
  output chain: IP adj out of POS1/0 635BB2A0

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef internal


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		prefix 
		 
		  internal command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  More references to structure pointers are added.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The concept of output chain (chain of output features) is introduced.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The previous version of the command output is very similar to the output in the command after the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		prefix 
		 
		  internal command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 11show ipv6 cef prefix internal Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef 2001:2:25::/64 internal
2001:2:25::/64 RIBfib 
 Using cached adjacency 0x629E1CE0
  path list pointer 62A2C310
    1 path -
     Nexthop  path_pointer 62A297B0 traffic share 1 path_list pointer 62A2C310
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
     next_hop_len 0 adjacency pointer 629E1CE0 
    refcount 10
    no loadinfo

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef 2001:2:25::/64 internal
2001:2:25::/64, epoch 0, RIB, refcount 4
  sources: RIB 
  feature space:
   MFI: path extension list empty
   IPRM: 0x00038000
   IPV6 adj out of POS1/0 635BAFE0
  path 633A9568, path list 633A6FFC, share 1, type attached nexthop, for IPv6
  ifnums: (none)
   path_list contains at least one resolved destination(s). HW IPv6 notified.
  nexthop FE80::205:DCFF:FE26:4800 POS1/0, adjacency IPV6 adj out of POS1/0 635BAFE0

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		prefix command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted; the key information provided is similar to the command output provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Adjacency information is moved to the 
		  show 
			 adjacency 
		  prefix 
		  detail command (see the 
		  New Commands for the CEF Feature).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		prefixcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 12 show ip cef prefix Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef 10.20.12.0/24 
10.20.12.0/24, version 17, epoch 0, cached adjacency 172.17.24.1
0 packets, 0 bytes
  via 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1, 0 dependencies
    next hop 172.17.24.1, FastEthernet0/1
    valid cached adjacency

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef 172.16.1.0/24
              
172.16.1.0/24
  nexthop 172.17.13.1 POS1/0

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
	 

Note
 The command output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		prefix command is the same after the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancement changes as it was before the changes.
	 

 
  










show ip cef exact-route detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  exact-route 
		source 
		  destination 
		detail command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (the information provided is the same as the information provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 13show ip cef exact-route source destination detail Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef exact-route 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.5 detail
172.16.1.1      -> 172.16.1.5     : FastEthernet0/1 (next hop 172.17.24.1)

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef exact-route 172.16.1.3 172.16.1.2 detail


 
				
 172.16.1.3 -> 172.16.1.2 => IP adj out of FastEthernet0/1, addr 172.17.25.1
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef exact-route


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  exact-route 
		source 
		  destinationcommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (the information provided is the same as the information provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  exact-route 
		source 
		  destinationcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 14 show ip cef exact-route source destination Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef exact-route 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.5 
        
172.16.1.1      -> 172.16.1.5     : FastEthernet0/1 (next hop 172.17.24.1)

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef exact-route 172.16.1.3 172.16.1.2 


 
				
 172.16.1.3 -> 172.16.1.2 => IP adj out of FastEthernet0/1, addr 172.17.25.1
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef adjacency


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  adjacency 
		interface 
		  next-hopcommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (the information provided is the same as the information provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  adjacency 
		interface 
		  next-hopcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 15 show ip cef adjacency interface next-hopCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef adjacency FastEthernet0/1 172.17.24.1
Prefix              Next Hop             Interface
10.10.1.1/32        172.17.24.1          FastEthernet0/1
10.10.1.2/32        172.17.24.1          FastEthernet0/1
10.20.12.0/24       172.17.24.1          FastEthernet0/1

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef adjacency FastEthernet0/1 172.17.22.1
10.10.1.2/32
  nexthop 172.17.22.1 FastEthernet0/1
10.20.12.0/24
  nexthop 172.17.22.1 FastEthernet0/1

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show adjacency summary


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		summary command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  The new output provides a detailed description of the database, high availability information, and epoch concept information.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The per-protocol and interface summary table is moved to the 
		  show 
			 adjacency 
			 linkcommand (see the 
		  New Commands for the CEF Feature).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		  summary command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 16 
		 
		   
		   
		show adjacency summary Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency summary 
Adjacency Table has 6 adjacencies
  4 IPv4 adjacencies
  2 IPv6 adjacencies
  Table epoch: 0 (6 entries at this epoch)
  Interface                 IPv4 Adjacencies  IPv6 Adjacencies
  FastEthernet0/1           1                 1               
  FastEthernet0/0           2                 0               
  FastEthernet1/1           1                 1 

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency summary
Adjacency table has 9 adjacencies:
  each adjacency consumes 348 bytes (0 bytes platform extension)
  7 complete adjacencies
  2 incomplete adjacencies
  4 adjacencies of linktype IP
    4 complete adjacencies of linktype IP
    0 incomplete adjacencies of linktype IP
    0 adjacencies with fixups of linktype IP
    4 adjacencies with IP redirect of linktype IP
  4 adjacencies of linktype IPV6
    2 complete adjacencies of linktype IPV6
    2 incomplete adjacencies of linktype IPV6
  1 adjacency of linktype TAG
    1 complete adjacency of linktype TAG
    0 incomplete adjacencies of linktype TAG
Adjacency database high availability:
  Database epoch: 0 (9 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency manager summary event processing:
 Summary events epoch is 3
 Summary events queue contains 0 events (high water mark 7 events)

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show adjacency detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		detail command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted (the information provided is the same as the information provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements).
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		detail command output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 17 show adjacency detailCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency detail 
Protocol Interface           Address
IP       FastEthernet1/1     20.0.0.2(5)
                             4 packets, 456 bytes
                             003085641F11
                             00055F26F81D0800
                             ARP        01:47:23  
                             Epoch: 0
IPV6     FastEthernet1/1     2011:41::2(5)
                             0 packets, 0 bytes
                             003085641F11
                             00055F26F81D86DD
                             IPv6 ND    never     
                             Epoch: 0

 
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency detail 
Protocol Interface           Address
IP       FastEthernet0/1     172.17.22.1(16)
                             0 packets, 0 bytes
                             epoch 0
                             sourced in sev-epoch 3
                             Encap length 14
                             00D001E4680000055FAF2C060800
                             ARP
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1     2001:2:22::1(6)
                             0 packets, 0 bytes
                             epoch 0
                             sourced in sev-epoch 3
                             Encap length 14
                             00D001E4680000055FAF2C0686DD
                             IPv6 ND

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show adjacency internal


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		internal command:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Output is reformatted.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  An output chain of features was added. Otherwise, the information provided is the same as the information provided before the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  adjacency 
		internalcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 18show adjacency internal Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency internal 
Protocol Interface          Address
IP       FastEthernet1/1    20.0.0.2(5)
                            4 packets, 456 bytes
                            003085641F11
                            00055F26F81D0800
                            ARP        01:32:30  
                            Epoch: 0
                            Fast adjacency enabled
                            IP redirect enabled
                            IP mtu 1500 (0x0)
                            Fixup disabled
                            Adjacency pointer 0x629E16E0, refCount 5
                            Adjacency flags 0x000000
                            Connection Id 0x000000
                            Bucket 22
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1    FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800(13)
                            0 packets, 0 bytes
                            00D001E46800
                            00055F26F80686DD
                            IPv6 ND    never     
                            Epoch: 0
                            Fast adjacency enabled
                            IPv6 redirect enabled
                            IPv6 mtu 1500 (0x0)
                            Fixup disabled
                            Adjacency pointer 0x629E1CE0, refCount 13
                            Adjacency flags 0x000000
                            Connection Id 0x000000

 
				
 Bucket 32
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show adjacency internal
 
Protocol Interface          Address
IP       FastEthernet0/0    10.60.17.2(6)
                            0 packets, 0 bytes
                            epoch 0
                            sourced in sev-epoch 3
                            Encap length 14
                            00000C386D8800055FAF2C080800
                            ARP
                            Fast adjacency enabled [OK]
                            L3 mtu 1500
                            Flags (0x100E)
                            Fixup disabled
                            HWIDB/IDB pointers 0x63148358/0x63148FD8
                            IP redirect enabled
                            Switching vector: IPv4 no fixup adj oce
                            Adjacency pointer 0x636F31A0
                            Next-hop 172.17.13.1 ...
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1    2001:2:22::1(6)
                            0 packets, 0 bytes
                            epoch 0
                            sourced in sev-epoch 3
                            Encap length 14
                            00D001E4680000055FAF2C0686DD
                            IPv6 ND
                            Fast adjacency enabled [OK]
                            L3 mtu 1500
                            Flags (0x100E)
                            Fixup disabled
                            HWIDB/IDB pointers 0x6313AD40/0x6313B9C0
                            IP redirect enabled
                            Switching vector: IPv6 adjacency oce
                            Adjacency pointer 0x531C738
                            Next-hop FE80::A8BB:FE00:6500 ...

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show cef state


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  cef 
		  statecommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  New output is more concise. 
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Load sharing anti-polarization ID is added to the command output.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  The 
		  show 
			 cef 
			 statecommand adds a new 
		  capabilities keyword. Capability details now display with the new keyword.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  cef 
		  statecommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 19 
		 
		   
		   
		show cef state Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements 
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show cef state
CEF Status [RP]
 CEF enabled/running
 dCEF disabled/not running
 CEF switching enabled/running
 CEF default capabilities:
  Always CEF switching:               no
  Always dCEF switching:              no
  Default CEF switching:              yes
  Default dCEF switching:             no
  Drop multicast packets:             no
  OK to punt packets:                 yes
  NVGEN CEF state:                    no
  fastsend() used:                    yes
  CEF NSF capable:                    no
  RPR+/SSO standby capable:           no
  IPC delayed func on SSO:            no
  FIB auto repair supported:          yes
  LCs not running at init time:       no
  Hardware forwarding supported:      no
  Hardware forwarding in use:         no
  Load-sharing pr. packet supported:  yes

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show cef state
CEF Status:
 RP instance
 common CEF enabled
IPv4 CEF Status:
 CEF enabled/running
 dCEF disabled/not running
 CEF switching enabled/running
 universal per-destination load sharing algorithm, id A189DD49
IPv6 CEF Status:
 CEF enabled/running
 dCEF disabled/not running
 original per-destination load sharing algorithm, id A189DD49
Router# show cef state capabilities
CEF Capabilities:
   Supported address families:         IPv4 IPv6
   Active address families:            IPv4 IPv6
   Distributed Platform:               no
   Warm or Hot Standby supported:      no
   CEF NSF capable:                    no
   IPC delayed func on SSO:            no
   Hardware forwarding:                no
   Checker auto-repair supported:      yes
   Crashdump on memory failure:        no
   Support load-sharing alg config:    yes
   Blocking STANDBY_HOT until synced:  no
IPv4 CEF Capabilities:
   Default CEF switching:              yes
   Always FIB switching:               no
   Default dCEF switching:             no
   Always dCEF switching:              no
   Drop multicast packets:             no
   OK to punt packets:                 yes
   NVGEN CEF state:                    yes
   fastsend() used:                    yes
   Support per packet load sharing:    yes
   Support L4 ports in load sharing:   yes
   Multicast (*,G) groups in CEF:      no
   Install local entries from RIB:     no


 
			 		
 
		  

 
		  
 
			  
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
IPv6 CEF Capabilities:2
   Default CEF switching:              yes
   Always FIB switching:               no
   Default dCEF switching:             no
   Always dFIB switching:              no
   Drop multicast packets:             no
   OK to punt packets:                 yes
   NVGEN CEF state:                    yes
   fastsend() used:                    yes
   L4 ports in load balancing support: yes

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 




2  This is the continuation of the output of the 
show cef state capabilities 
command.
 
  










show cef timers


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  cef 
		  timerscommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  The command output has been updated to reflect the new timers.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  cef 
		  timerscommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 20 show cef timersCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show cef timers
CEF background process
    Expiration    Type
|        0.740  (parent)
  |        0.740  ARP throttle
  |        0.908  adjacency update hwidb
  |        0.908  slow resolution
  |        8.572  <unknown:6240E510/0>
CEF FIB scanner process
    Expiration    Type
|        5.764  (parent)
  |        5.764  checker scan-rib
  |        6.340  checker scan-sw-hw
  |       49.588  checker scan-hw-sw

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show cef timers
CEF background process
    Expiration    Type
|       13.248  (parent)
  |       13.248  FIB checkers: IPv4 scan-rib-ios scanner
  |       13.248  FIB checkers: IPv4 scan-ios-rib scanner
  |       13.248  FIB checkers: IPv6 scan-ios-rib scanner
Platform counter polling is not enabled
IPv4 CEF background process
    Expiration    Type
|        0.600  (parent)
  |        0.600  ARP throttle
  |        0.600  adjacency update hwidb

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef epoch


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  epochcommand:
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  epochcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 21 show ip cef epochCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef epoch
CEF epoch information:
Table: Default
  Table epoch: 0 (33 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency table

 
				
 Table epoch: 0 (7 entries at this epoch)
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef epoch
Table: Default
 Database epoch: 0 (24 entries at this epoch)

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef epoch


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  epochcommand:
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  epochcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 22 show ipv6 cef epochCommand Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef epoch
CEF epoch information:
Table: Default
  Table epoch: 1 (2 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency table
  Table epoch: 0 (1 entries at this epoch)

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef epoch
Table: Default
 Database epoch: 1 (2 entries at this epoch)

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ip cef unresolved detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  unresolved 
		  detailcommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  The new command output lists only unresolved prefixes.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  IPv4 and IPv6 are now separately addressed.
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Figures related to adjacencies are moved to the 
		  show 
			 adjacency 
			 summarycommand (see the 
		  show adjacency summary).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Mtrie data structure descriptions are moved to a new command, the 
			 show 
			 ip 
			 cef 
			 treecommand (see the 
		  New Commands for the CEF Feature).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Nothing is displayed if no unresolved adjacencies exist.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ip 
		  cef 
		  unresolved 
		  detailcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 23 show ip cef unresolved detail Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef unresolved detail
IP CEF with switching (Table Version 59), flags=0x0
  34 routes, 0 reresolve, 0 unresolved (0 old, 0 new), peak 2
  34 leaves, 22 nodes, 27640 bytes, 80 inserts, 46 invalidations
  0 load sharing elements, 0 bytes, 0 references
  universal per-destination load sharing algorithm, id DF940F94
  3(0) CEF resets, 0 revisions of existing leaves
  Resolution Timer: Exponential (currently 1s, peak 1s)
  0 in-place/0 aborted modifications
  refcounts:  5933 leaf, 5888 node
  Table epoch: 0 (34 entries at this epoch)
Adjacency Table has 7 adjacencies
  4 IPv4 adjacencies
  3 IPv6 adjacencies

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ip cef unresolved detail 
IPv4 CEF is enabled and running
VRF Default
  25 prefixes (25/0 fwd/non-fwd)
  Table id 0x0
  Database epoch:        0 (25 entries at this epoch)
101.1.1.1/32, epoch 0, flags rib only nolabel, rib defined all labels
   recursive via 102.2.2.2, unresolved

 
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef unresolved detail


 
	 
 This feature provides the following changes to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  unresolved 
		  detailcommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  Figures related to adjacencies are moved to the 
		  show 
			 adjacency 
			 summarycommand (see the 
		  show adjacency summary).
		
    • 
 
		
  •  Nothing is displayed in the output if there are no unresolved adjacencies.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  unresolved 
		  detailcommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 24 show ipv6 cef unresolved detail Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements 
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef unresolved detail
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running
Slow processing intvl = 1 seconds backoff level current/max 0/0
0 unresolved prefixes, 0 requiring adjacency update
IPv6 CEF default table
20 prefixes

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef unresolved detail 
IPv6 CEF is enabled and running centrally.
VRF Default
  6 prefixes (6/0 fwd/non-fwd)
  Table id 0x1E000000
  Database epoch:        0 (6 entries at this epoch)
2002::/128, epoch 0, flags rib only nolabel, rib defined all labels
   recursive via 2003::BEEF, unresolved

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  










show ipv6 cef non-recursive


 
	 
 This feature provides the following change to the output of the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  non-recursivecommand:
	 

 
	 
     
		
  •  The path information is changed to be more consistent with IPv4 path information.
		
    • 
 
	 

 
	 
 The table below compares the 
		show 
		  ipv6 
		  cef 
		  non-recursivecommand output before ("Old" heading) and after ("New" heading) the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements.
	 

 
	 

Table 25 show ipv6 cef non-recursive Command Output Before and After Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements
 
		 
		 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
 Old
				

 
			 		
 
			  
				
 New
				

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
		 
		  
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef non-recursive
2001:1:12::/64
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
2001:2:13::/64
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1 
2001:2:22::/64
     nexthop FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800 FastEthernet0/1

 
			 		
 
			  
				
Router# show ipv6 cef non-recursive 
::/0
   no route
::/127
   discard
2003::/128
   nexthop 3003::DEAD Ethernet2/0
FE80::/10
   receive for Null0
FF00::/8
   multicast

 
			 		
 
		  

 
		
 
	 



 
  












New Commands for the CEF Feature



    
 This section does not contain all new Cisco Express Forwarding
		commands. It contains only new commands introduced with the Cisco Express
		Forwarding enhancements to provide the same level of information that was
		available with the use of other commands before the Cisco Express Forwarding
		enhancements were implemented. Sample output is provided for the following new
		commands:
	 


    
    
      
  •  show adjacency link 
		
    • 

      
  •  show adjacency 
		
    • 

      
  •  show adjacency detail 
		
    • 

      
  •  show cef tree 
		
    • 

      
  •  test cef table consistency detail 
		
    • 

    


  


show adjacency link



    

The show adjacency link ipv4command and the show adjacency link ipv6command display information about IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, respectively, in the Cisco Express Forwarding adjacency table or the hardware Layer 3-switching adjacency table. 


    

Per-protocol and interface summary adjacency information was moved from the show adjacency summary command to the show adjacency link command.


    

Following is sample output of the show adjacency link ipv4 command.


    
Router# show adjacency link ipv4
Protocol Interface                 Address
IP       FastEthernet0/0           10.60.17.2(6)
IP       FastEthernet0/0           10.60.17.20(6)
IP       FastEthernet0/0           10.60.17.254(7)
IP       FastEthernet0/1           172.17.22.1(16)



    

Following is sample output of the show adjacency link ipv6 command.


    
Router# show adjacency link ipv6
Protocol Interface                 Address
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1           2001:2:22::1(6)
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1           2001:2:22::2(3) (incomplete)
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1           FE80::2D0:1FF:FEE4:6800(14)
IPV6     Serial3/0                 point2point(7)
IPV6     Serial3/1                 point2point(10


  










show adjacency



    

The show adjacency prefix command shows adjacency information for the specified prefix.


    

Following are sample outputs from the show adjacency prefix command for an IPv4 prefix and an IPv6 prefix:


    
Router# show adjacency 172.17.22.1/24
Protocol Interface                 Address
IP       FastEthernet0/1           172.17.22.1(16)
Router# show adjacency 2001:2:22::1/64
 
Protocol Interface                 Address
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1           2001:2:22::1(6)


  










show adjacency detail



    

The show adjacency prefix detail command provides additional adjacency information for a specified prefix.


    

Information about the adjacency epoch was removed from the show ip cef epoch and show ipv6 cef epoch commands and is available from the show adjacency prefix detail command.


    

Following are sample outputs from the show adjacency prefix detail command for an IPv4 prefix and an IPv6 prefix:


    
Router# show adjacency 172.17.22.1/24 detail
 
Protocol Interface                 Address
IP       FastEthernet0/1           172.17.22.1(16)
                                   0 packets, 0 bytes
                                   epoch 0
                                   sourced in sev-epoch 3
                                   Encap length 14
                                   00D001E4680000055FAF2C060800
                                   ARP
Router# show adjacency 2001:2:22::1/64 detail
 
Protocol Interface                 Address
IPV6     FastEthernet0/1           2001:2:22::1(6)
                                   0 packets, 0 bytes
                                   epoch 0
                                   sourced in sev-epoch 3
                                   Encap length 14
                                   00D001E4680000055FAF2C0686DD
                                   IPv6 ND


  










show cef tree



    

The show{ip| ipv6} cef treecommand displays summary information about the underlying data structures representing the specified FIB tree.


    

Mtrie data structure information was removed from several commands for the implementation of the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements. This command provides the Mtrie information removed from the show ip cef summary, show ip cef internal, and show ip cef detail commands.


    

Following is sample output for the show ip cef tree command:


    
Router# show ip cef tree
VRF Default tree information:
 MTRIE/RTREE storing IPv4 addresses
 24 entries (24/0 fwd/non-fwd)
 Forwarding tree:
  Forwarding lookup routine: IPv4 mtrie 8-8-8-8 optimized
  33 inserts, 9 deletes
  8-8-8-8 stride pattern
  short mask protection enabled for <= 4 bits without process suspension
  24 leaves (672 bytes), 22 nodes (22880 bytes)
  25208 total bytes
  leaf ops: 33 inserts, 9 deletes
  leaf ops with short mask protection: 2 inserts, 1 delete
  per-prefix length stats: lookup off, insert off, delete off
  refcounts: 1356 leaf, 1324 node
  node pools:
   pool[C/8 bits]: 22 allocated (0 failed), 22880 bytes
 Non-Forwarding tree:
  38 inserts, 38 deletes
  0 leaves (0 bytes), 0 nodes (0 bytes)
  0 total bytes


  










test cef table consistency detail



    

The test cef table consistency detail command displays recorded Cisco Express Forwarding consistency records found by the following detection mechanisms: lc-detect, scan-rib-ios, scan-ios-rib, scan-lc-rp, and scan-rp-lc. The scan-lc-rp and scan-rp-lc detection mechanisms are available only on routers with line cards. You can configure the Cisco Express Forwarding prefix consistency-detection mechanisms using the cef table consistency-check command.


    

This command provides output that replaces the output provided by the removed and obsolete show ip cef inconsistency records, show ip cef inconsistency now, and show ip cef inconsistency now detailcommands.


    

Following is sample output for the test cef table consistency detailcommand:


    
Router# test cef table consistency detail
 
full-scan-rib-ios: Checking IPv4 RIB to FIB consistency
full-scan-rib-ios: FIB checked 12 prefixes, and found 0 missing.
full-scan-ios-rib: Checking IPv4 FIB to RIB consistency
full-scan-ios-rib: Checked 12 FIB prefixes in 1 pass, and found 0 extra.
full-scan-rp-lc: Sent 26 IPv4 prefixes to linecards in 1 pass
full-scan-rp-lc: Initiated IPv4 FIB check on linecards..4..1..0..
full-scan-rp-lc: FIB IPv4 check completed on linecards..1..0..4..
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 4 checked 26 IPv4 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 1 checked 26 IPv4 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 0 checked 26 IPv4 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
full-scan-rib-ios: Checking IPv6 RIB to FIB consistency
full-scan-rib-ios: FIB checked 16 prefixes, and found 5 missing.
full-scan-ios-rib: Checking IPv6 FIB to RIB consistency
full-scan-ios-rib: Checked 11 FIB prefixes in 1 pass, and found 0 extra.
full-scan-rp-lc: Sent 11 IPv6 prefixes to linecards in 1 pass
full-scan-rp-lc: Initiated IPv6 FIB check on linecards..4..1..0..
full-scan-rp-lc: FIB IPv6 check completed on linecards..1..4..0..
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 4 checked 11 IPv6 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 1 checked 11 IPv6 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
full-scan-rp-lc: Linecard 0 checked 11 IPv6 prefixes (ignored 0). 0 inconsistent.
No IPv4 inconsistencies found, check took 00:00:01.444
Warning: 5 IPv6 inconsistencies found, check took 00:00:01.240


  












Unchanged CEF show Commands



    

Some Cisco Express Forwarding show commands related to the Cisco Express Forwarding enhancements were not changed with the introduction of the enhancements. The output of the following commands was not changed:


    
    
      
  • 
        
          show
          cef
          idb
        
      
    • 

      
  • 
        
          show
          cef
          interface
        
      
    • 

      
  • 
        
          show
          ip
          cef
        
      
    • 

      
  • 
        
          show
          ip
          cef
          non-recursive
        
      
    • 

      
  • 
        
          show
          ipv6
          cef
        
      
    • 

      
  • 
        
          show
          ipv6
          cef
          adjacency
        
      
    • 

    


  












Additional References


 
	 
 
	 

 
	 
Related Documents
 
		 
		

 
			  
			  
			  
				
 
				   
					 
 Related Topic
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
 Document Title
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
			 
 
			  
				
 
				   
					 
 Cisco IOS commands
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
 
						Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases 
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
				
 
				   
					 
 Description of Cisco Express Forwarding commands 
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
Cisco IOS IP Switching Command Reference 
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
				
 
				   
					 
 Description of Cisco Express Forwarding IPv6 commands
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference 
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
				
 
				   
					 
 Information on MFI enhancements
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
 MPLS Infrastructure Changes: Introduction of MFI and Removal of MPLS LSC and LC-ATM Features 
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
			 
 
		  



 
	 

 
	 
Technical Assistance
 
		 
		

 
			  
			  
			  
				
 
				   
					 
 Description
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
 Link
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
			 
 
			  
				
 
				   
					 
 The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. 
					 

 
				  		
 
				   
					 
 
						http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html 
					 

 
				  		
 
				

 
			 
 
		  



 
	 

 
  










Feature Information for CEF Enhancements


 
	 
 
		
The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. 
		

 
		
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to 
		  www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required. 
		

 
	 


	 
 
		

Table 26Feature Information for Cisco Express Forwarding 
 
		   
		   
		   
		   
			 
 
				 
				  
 Feature Name
				  

 
						
 
				 
				  
 Releases
				  

 
						
 
				 
				  
 Feature Information
				  

 
						
 
			 

 
		  
 
		   
			 
 
				 
				  
 Cisco Express Forwarding Enhancements: Introduction of CLI Changes and Removal of IPv4 Fast Switching
				  

 
						
 
				 
				  
 12.4(20)T
				  

 
						
 
				 
				  
 The purpose of this document is to describe the changes based on the Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure scalability enhancements that have been implemented to adapt to the evolution of the Internet and to support new platforms and features. The changes are the removal of IP fast switching and the introduction of command line interface (CLI) modifications. 
				  

 
				  
 This document lists Cisco Express Forwarding CLI commands that are removed, replaced, changed, and new. To help you transition to the new CLI format, the document illustrates the output for new commands and changed commands. 
				  

 
				  
 Enhancements to Cisco Express Forwarding enable it to operate with the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Infrastructure (MFI) and guarantee consistency across Cisco IOS release trains. Cisco Express Forwarding infrastructure changes were introduced and implemented in the Cisco IOS 12.2(25)S-based releases and were added for T releases in Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T.
				  

 
				  
 Cisco Express Forwarding is an advanced Layer 3 IP switching technology. It optimizes network performance and scalability for all kinds of networks: those that carry small amounts of traffic and those that carry large amounts of traffic in complex patterns, such as the Internet, and networks characterized by intensive web-based applications or interactive sessions.
				  

 
				  
 In Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T, this feature was introduced. 
				  

 
						
 
			 

 
		  
 
		



 
	 

 
  










Glossary



    

      
        adjacency
      --A relationship formed between selected neighboring routers and end nodes for the purpose of exchanging routing information. Adjacency is based upon the use of a common media segment by the routers and nodes involved.


    

      
        Cisco
        Express
        Forwarding
      --A Layer 3 switching technology. Cisco Express Forwarding can also refer to central Cisco Express Forwarding mode, one of two modes of Cisco Express Forwarding operation. Cisco Express Forwarding enables a Route Processor (RP) to perform express forwarding. Distributed Cisco Express Forwarding is the other mode of Cisco Express Forwarding operation.


    

      
        distributed
        Cisco
        Express
        Forwarding
      --A type of Cisco Express Forwarding switching in which line cards (such as Versatile Interface Processor (VIP) line cards) maintain identical copies of the forwarding information base (FIB) and adjacency tables. The line cards perform the express forwarding between port adapters; this relieves the Route Switch Processor of involvement in the switching operation.


    

      
        FIB
      --forwarding information base. A component of Cisco Express Forwarding. The router uses the FIB lookup table to make destination-based switching decisions during Cisco Express Forwarding operation. The router maintains a mirror image of the forwarding information in an IP routing table.


    

      
        IDB
      --Interface Descriptor Block. An IDB is a special control structure internal to the Cisco IOS software that contains information such as the IP address, interface state, and packet statistics. Cisco IOS software maintains one IDB for each interface present on a platform and one IDB for each subinterface.


    

      
        IPRM
      --IP Rewrite Manager. The IPRM is a module that manages the interaction between Cisco Express Forwarding, the IP Label Distributions Modules (LDM), and the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Infrastructure (MFI).


    

      
        Mtrie
      --multiway tree. The Mtrie is a data structure in which routes are stored. The Mtrie is part of the IP lookup algorithm used in Cisco Express Forwarding. 


    

      
        prefix
      --The network address portion of an IP address. A prefix is specified by a network and mask and is generally represented in the format network/mask. The mask indicates which bits are the network bits. For example, 10.0.0.0/16 means that the first 16 bits of the IP address are masked, making them the network bits. The remaining bits are the host bits. In this example, the network number is 10.0.


    

      
        RIB
      --Routing Information Base. A central repository of routes that contains Layer 3 reachability information and destination IP addresses or prefixes. The RIB is also known as the routing table. 


    

      
        RP
      --Route Processor. The processor module in the Cisco 7000 series routers that contains the CPU, system software, and most of the memory components that are used in the router. It is sometimes called a supervisory processor. 


    

      
        VRF
      --A Virtual Private Network (VPN) routing/forwarding instance. A VRF consists of an IP routing table, a derived forwarding table, a set of interfaces that use the forwarding table, and a set of rules and routing protocols that determine what goes into the forwarding table. In general, a VRF includes the routing information that defines a customer VPN site that is attached to a provider edge (PE) router.


    


  










 


 
	 

		
Cisco and the Cisco Logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at 
		  www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1005R) 
		

 
		
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental. 
		


	 

 
  



































































1  If you enter the optional feature keyword, the output shows per-feature drop and punt counters.
2  This is the continuation of the output of the 
show cef state capabilities 
command.
© 2011 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.