Contents

monitor event-trace through Q

monitor event-trace (EXEC)

To monitor and control the event trace function for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component, use the monitor event-trace command in privileged EXEC mode.

monitor event-trace component {clear | continuous | disable | dump [pretty] | enable | one-shot}

Cisco 10000 Series Routers

monitor event-trace component {disable | dump | enable | size | stacktrace}

Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers

monitor event-trace all-traces {continuous [cancel] | dump [merged] [pretty] }

monitor event-trace l3 {clear | continuous [cancel] | disable | dump [pretty] | enable | interface type mod/port | one-shot}

monitor event-trace spa {clear | continuous [cancel] | disable | dump [pretty] | enable | one-shot}

monitor event-trace subsys {clear | continuous [cancel] | disable | dump [pretty] | enable | one-shot}

Syntax Description

component

Name of the Cisco IOS software subsystem component that is the subject of the event trace. To get a list of components that support event tracing, use the monitor event-trace ? command.

clear

Clears existing trace messages for the specified component from memory on the networking device.

continuous

Continuously displays the latest event trace entries.

disable

Turns off event tracing for the specified component.

dump

Writes the event trace results to the file configured using the monitor event-trace command in global configuration mode. The trace messages are saved in binary format.

pretty

(Optional) Saves the event trace message in ASCII format.

enable

Turns on event tracing for the specified component.

one-shot

Clears any existing trace information from memory, starts event tracing again, and disables the trace when the trace reaches the size specified using the monitor event-tracecommand in global configuration mode.

size

Sets the number of messages that can be written to memory for a single instance of a trace.

Note

Some Cisco IOS software subsystem components set the size by default. To display the size parameter, use the show monitor event-trace componentparameters command.

When the number of event trace messages in memory exceeds the size, new messages will begin to overwrite the older messages in the file.

stacktrace

Enables the stack trace at tracepoints.

all-traces

Displays the configured merged-event traces.

merged

(Optional) Dumps the entries in all event traces sorted by time.

Displays information about the Layer 3 trace.

spa

Displays information about the Shared Port Adapter (SPA) trace.

interface type mod / port

Specifies the interface to be logged.

cancel

(Optional) Cancels the continuous display of latest trace entries.

subsys

Displays information about the subsystem's initial trace.

Command Default

The event trace function is disabled by default.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC (#)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(18)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(8)T.
12.2(14)SX	Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 720.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S. The monitor event-trace cef ipv4 clearcommand replaces the clear ip cef event-logcommand.
12.2(28)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(28)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series routers.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
12.2(33)SXH	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH.
12.4(20)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T.

Usage Guidelines

Use the monitor event-trace command to control what, when, and how event trace data is collected. Use this command after you have configured the event trace functionality on the networking device using the monitor event-trace command in global configuration mode.

Note

The amount of data collected from the trace depends on the trace message size configured using the monitor event-tracecommand in global configuration mode for each instance of a trace.

The Cisco IOS software allows for the subsystem components to define whether support for event tracing is enabled or disabled at boot time. You can enable or disable event tracing in two ways: using the monitor event-tracecommand in privileged EXEC mode or using the monitor event-tracecommand in global configuration mode. To disable event tracing, you would enter either of these commands with the disable keyword. To enable event tracing again, you would enter either of these commands with the enable keyword.

To determine whether you can enable event tracing on a subsystem, use the monitor event-trace ?commandto get a list of software components that support event tracing. To determine whether event tracing is enabled by default for the subsystem, use the show monitor event-trace command to display trace messages.

Use the show monitor event-trace command to display trace messages. Use the monitor event-trace component dump command to save trace message information for a single event. By default, trace information is saved in binary format. If you want to save trace messages in ASCII format, possibly for additional application processing, use the monitor event-trace component dump pretty command.

To write the trace messages for all events currently enabled on a networking device to a file, enter the monitor event-trace dumpcommand.

To configure the file where you want to save trace information, use the monitor event-trace command in global configuration mode. The trace messages are saved in a binary format.

Examples

The following example shows the privileged EXEC commands to stop event tracing, clear the current contents of memory, and reenable the trace function for the interprocess communication (IPC) component. This example assumes that the tracing function is configured and enabled on the networking device.

Router# monitor event-trace ipc disable
 
Router# monitor event-trace ipc clear
 
Router# monitor event-trace ipc enable

The following example shows how the monitor event-trace one-shotcommand accomplishes the same function as the previous example except in one command. In this example, once the size of the trace message file has been exceeded, the trace is terminated.

Router# monitor event-trace ipc one-shot

The following example shows the command for writing trace messages for an event in binary format. In this example, the trace messages for the IPC component are written to a file.

Router# monitor event-trace ipc dump

The following example shows the command for writing trace messages for an event in ASCII format. In this example, the trace messages for the MBUS component are written to a file.

Router# monitor event-trace mbus dump pretty

Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers Examples Only

This example shows how to stop event tracing, clear the current contents of memory, and reenable the trace function for the SPA component. This example assumes that the tracing function is configured and enabled on the networking device.

Router# monitor event-trace spa disable
 
Router# monitor event-trace spa clear
 
Router# monitor event-trace spa enable

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor event-trace (global)	Configures event tracing for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component.
monitor event-trace dump-traces	Saves trace messages for all event traces currently enabled on the networking device.
show monitor event-trace	Displays event trace messages for Cisco IOS software subsystem components.

monitor event-trace (global)

To configure event tracing for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component, use the monitor event-trace command in global configuration mode.

monitor event-trace component {disable | dump-file filename | enable | size number | stacktrace number} timestamps [datetime [localtime] [msec] [show-timezone] | uptime]

Cisco 10000 Series Routers

monitor event-trace component {disable | dump-file filename | enable | clear | continuous | one-shot}

Syntax Description

component

Name of the Cisco IOS software subsystem component that is the object of the event trace. To get a list of components that support event tracing, use the monitor event-trace ? command.

disable

Turns off event tracing for the specified component.

dump-file filename

Specifies the file where event trace messages are written from memory on the networking device. The maximum length of the filename (path and filename) is 100 characters, and the path can point to flash memory on the networking device or to a TFTP or FTP server.

enable

Turns on event tracing for the specified component provided that the component has been configured using the monitor event-tracecommand.

size number

Sets the number of messages that can be written to memory for a single instance of a trace. Valid values are from1 to 65536.

Note

Some Cisco IOS software subsystem components set the size by default. To display the size parameter, use the show monitor event-trace componentparameters command.

When the number of event trace messages in memory exceeds the configured size, new messages will begin to overwrite the older messages in the file.

stacktrace number

Enables the stack trace at tracepoints and specifies the depth of the stack trace stored. Valid values are from 1 to 16.

timestamps

(Optional) Includes time stamp information with the event trace messages for the specified component.

datetime

(Optional) Specifies that the time stamp information included with event trace messages will consist of the date and time of the event trace.

localtime

(Optional) Specifies that the time given in the time stamp will be local time.

msec

(Optional) Includes milliseconds in the time stamp.

show-timezone

(Optional) Includes time zone information in the time stamp.

uptime

(Optional) Displays time stamped information about the system uptime.

clear

Clears existing trace messages for the specified component from memory on the networking device.

continuous

Continuously displays the latest event trace entries.

one-shot

Clears any existing trace information from memory, starts event tracing again, and disables the trace when the trace reaches the size specified using the monitor event-tracecommand.

Command Default

Event tracing is enabled or disabled depending on the software component.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(18)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(8)T.
12.2(14)SX	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(14)SX and implemented on the Supervisor Engine 720.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.
12.2(28)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(28)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series routers.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
12.4(20)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.4(20)T.

Usage Guidelines

Use the monitor event-trace command to enable or disable event tracing and to configure event trace parameters for Cisco IOS software subsystem components.

Note

Event tracing is intended for use as a software diagnostic tool and should be configured only under the direction of a Technical Assistance Center (TAC) representative. In Cisco IOS software images that do not provide subsystem support for the event trace function, the monitor event-trace command is not available.

The Cisco IOS software allows the subsystem components to define whether support for event tracing is enabled or disabled by default. The command interface for event tracing allows you to change the default two ways: using the monitor event-tracecommand in privileged EXEC mode or using the monitor event-tracecommand in global configuration mode.

Additionally, default settings do not show up in the configuration file. If the subsystem software enables event tracing by default, the monitor event-tracecomponentenable command will not show up in the configuration file of the networking device; however, disabling event tracing that has been enabled by default by the subsystem will create a command entry in the configuration file.

Note

The amount of data collected from the trace depends on the trace message size configured using the monitor event-tracecommand for each instance of a trace.

To determine whether you can enable event tracing on a subsystem, use the monitor event-trace ?commandto get a list of software components that support event tracing.

To determine whether event tracing is enabled by default for the subsystem, use the show monitor event-trace command to display trace messages.

To specify the trace call stack at tracepoints, you must first clear the trace buffer.

Examples

The following example shows how to enable event tracing for the interprocess communication (IPC) subsystem component in Cisco IOS software and configure the size to 4096 messages. The trace messages file is set to ipc-dump in slot0 (flash memory).

configure terminal
!
monitor event-trace ipc enable
monitor event-trace ipc dump-file slot0:ipc-dump 
monitor event-trace ipc size 4096

When you select Cisco Express Forwarding as the component for which to enable event tracing, you can use the following additional arguments and keywords: monitor event-trace cef [events | interface | ipv6 | ipv4][all]. The following example shows how to enable event tracing for IPv4 or IPv6 events of the Cisco Express Forwarding component in Cisco IOS software:

configure terminal
!
monitor event-trace cef ipv4 enable
configure terminal
!
monitor event-trace cef ipv6 enable
exit
The following example shows what happens when you try to enable event tracing for a component (in this case, adjacency events) when it is already enabled: 
configure terminal
!
monitor event-trace adjacency enable
%EVENT_TRACE-6-ENABLE: Trace already enabled.

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor event-trace (EXEC)	Controls the event trace function for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component.
monitor event-trace dump-traces	Saves trace messages for all event traces currently enabled on the networking device.
show monitor event-trace	Displays event trace messages for Cisco IOS software subsystem components.

monitor event-trace dump-traces

To save trace messages for all event traces currently enabled on the networking device, use the monitor event-trace dump-tracescommand in privileged EXEC mode.

monitor event-trace dump-traces [pretty]

Syntax Description

pretty

(Optional) Saves the event trace message in ASCII format.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(18)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(8)T.

Usage Guidelines

Use the monitor event-trace dump-traces command to save trace message information for all event traces currently enabled on a networking device. By default, trace information is saved in binary format. If you want to save trace messages in ASCII format, possibly for additional application processing, use the monitor event-trace dump-traces pretty command.

To write the trace messages for an individual trace event to a file, enter the monitor event-trace (EXEC) command.

To configure the file where you want to save messages, use the monitor event-trace (global) command.

Examples

The following example shows how to save the trace messages in binary format for all event traces enabled on the networking device.

monitor event-trace dump-traces

The following example shows how to save the trace messages in ASCII format for all event traces enabled on the networking device.

monitor event-trace dump-traces pretty

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor event-trace (EXEC)	Controls event trace function for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component.
monitor event-trace (global)	Configures event tracing for a specified Cisco IOS software subsystem component.
show monitor event-trace	Displays event trace messages for Cisco IOS software subsystem components.

monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination

To configure a location to save the Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) trace information, use the monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination command in global configuration mode. To disable the configuration, use the no form of this command.

monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination destination

no monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination

Syntax Description

destination

Destination to save the PCM trace information.

You can specify any of the following values:

archive: --Saves trace to archive.
flash: --Saves trace to flash memory.
ftp: --Saves trace to an FTP network server.
http: --Saves trace to an HTTP server.
https: --Saves trace to a secure HTTP (HTTPS) server.
null: --Saves trace to file system.
nvram: --Saves trace to the NVRAM of the router.
pram: --Saves trace to the permanent RAM (PRAM) of the router.
rcp: --Saves trace to a remote copy protocol (RCP) network server.
scp: --Saves trace to a network server that supports Secure Shell (SSH).
syslog: --Saves trace to the system log.
system: --Saves trace to the system memory.
tftp: --Saves trace to a TFTP network server.
tmpsys: --Saves trace to a temporary system location.

Command Default

The PCM trace information is saved to the NVRAM.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
15.0(1)M	This command was introduced in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M.

Usage Guidelines

You can use the monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination command to specify a location to save the PCM trace information. When Cisco IOS software saves the data to network file systems, such as TFTP and FTP, it assumes the location is valid and has write access.

After the PCM capture is complete, the router automatically copies the captured contents to the specified location. The filename format at the destination location is as follows:

<Configured name>_tx_<DS0 slot>_<DS0 unit>_<DS0 channel>--For TX
<Configured name>_rx_<DS0 slot>_<DS0 unit>_<DS0 channel>--For RX

You can identify the dial feature card (DFC) channel from where the PCM is traced using the filename format.

Consider the following example:

Router(config)# monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination tftp: ://223.255.254.254/benzeer/cap/cap_data

In this example, two files are created for the data corresponding to each DS0s, one for each direction (transmitter and receiver). When the debug pcmtracer command is enabled, the trace data is copied into the following files:

cap_data_tx_6_1_22 and cap_data_rx_6_1_22--This corresponds to the traffic flowing through DS0 6/1:22.
cap_data_tx_6_1_22 and cap_data_rx_6_1_22--cap_data_tx_6_1_22 is the data in the transmit direction (from the DFC to the system backplane) and cap_data_rx_6_1_22 is the data in the receiver direction (to the DFC from the system backplane).

Examples

The following example shows how to configure a router to save the PCM trace information to a flash drive:

Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# monitor pcm-tracer capture-destination flash:

Related Commands

Command	Description
debug pcmtracer	Enables debugging for PCM tracing.
monitor pcm-tracer	Monitors and controls the PCM trace function.

monitor pcm-tracer delayed-start

To configure the delay time to start the Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) trace capture, use the monitor pcm-tracer delayed-start command in global configuration mode. To disable the configuration, use the no form of this command.

monitor pcm-tracer delayed-start seconds

no monitor pcm-tracer delayed-start

Syntax Description

seconds

Delay, in seconds. The range is from 1 to 2147483.

Command Default

The default delay time is zero.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
15.0(1)M	This command was introduced in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M.

Examples

The following example shows how to configure the PCM tracer delay time to 1000 seconds:

Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# monitor pcm-tracer delayed-start 1000

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor pcm-tracer	Configures the PCM tracer information.

monitor pcm-tracer profile

To create Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) capture profiles, use the monitor pcm-tracer profile command in global configuration mode. To disable the configuration, use the no form of this command.

monitor pcm-tracer profile profile-number

no monitor pcm-tracer profile profile-number

Syntax Description

profile-number

Profile number. The range is from 1 to 10.

Command Default

PCM capture profiles are disabled.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
15.0(1)M	This command was introduced in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M.

Usage Guidelines

You must create at least one user profile under the channels that need to be traced. You can create the following profile operations:

Create a user profile identified by a profile number.
Add one or more profiles. A user profile consists of capture groups in which the channels that are to be traced are specified.
Configure one or more capture groups under a profile.

Examples

The following example shows how to create a PCM capture profile with profile number 1:

Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# monitor pcm-tracer profile 1

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor pcm-tracer	Configures the PCM tracer information.

monitor permit-list

To configure a destination port permit list or add to an existing destination port permit list, use the monitor permit-list command in global configuration mode. To delete from or clear an existing destination port permit list, use the no form of this command.

Activate monitoring

monitor permit-list

no monitor permit-list

Activate monitoring on one port

monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot /port

no monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot /port

Activate monitoring on one range of ports

monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot /port-last-port

no monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot / port-last-port

Activate monitoring on two or more ranges of ports

monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot /port-last-port , [port-last-port]

no monitor permit-list destination interface interface-type slot /port-last-port , [port-last-port]

Syntax Description

destination	Specifies a destination port.
interface interface-type	Specifies the interface type; valid values are ethernet, fastethernet, gigabitethernet, or tengigabitethernet
slot	The slot that the interface module is installed in.
port	Specifies a single port on an interface module, or the first port on an interface module used in a range of ports.
last-port	(Optional) Specifies the port on an interface module used as the last port in a range of ports.
,	(Optional) Separates each instance of a port, or range of ports, that are monitored. See the Usage Guidelines and the Examples for more information.

Command Default

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(18)SXE	Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 720.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

To prevent accidental configuration of ports as destinations, you can create a permit list of the ports that are valid for use as destinations. With a destination port permit list configured, you can only configure the ports in the permit list as destinations.

When you enter multiple instances of interface interface-type slot/port-fastport, you must enter a space before and after the comma. For example, interface interface-type slot/port-fastport , interface-type slot/port-fastport , interface-type slot/port-fastport.

Examples

This example shows how to configure a destination port permit list that includes Gigabit Ethernet ports 5/1 through 5/4, and activate monitoring:

Router# configure terminal
 
Router(config)# monitor permit-list destination interface gigabitethernet 5/1-4
Router(config)# monitor permit-list

This example shows how to configure a destination port permit list that includes Fast Ethernet ports 1/1-48, 2/1-48, and Gigabit Ethernet ports 3/1 through 3/4, and activate monitoring:

Router# configure terminal
 
Router(config)# monitor permit-list destination interface fastEthernet 1/1-48 , fastEthernet 2/1-48 , gigabitEthernet 3/1-4

Router(config)# monitor permit-list

Related Commands

Command	Description
show monitor permit-list	Displays the permit-list state and interfaces configured.

monitor session egress replication-mode

To switch the egress-span mode from the default mode (either centralized or distributed depending on your Cisco IOS software release), use the monitor session egress replication-modecommand in global configuration mode. To return to the default mode, use the no form of the command.

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH2a and Later Releases

monitor session egress replication-mode centralized

no monitor session egress replication-mode centralized

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH, SXH1, and SXH2

monitor session egress replication-mode distributed

no monitor session egress replication-mode distributed

Syntax Description

centralized	In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH2a and later releases: Specifies centralized egress span monitoring as the default mode.
distributed	In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH, SXH1, and SXH2: Specifies distributed egress span monitoring as the default mode.

Command Default

Cisco IOS Releases 12.2(33)SXH2a and later releases: Centralized mode

Cisco IOS Releases 12.2(33)SXH, SXH1, and SXH2: Distributed mode

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release

Modification

12.2(33)SXH

This command was introduced.

12.2(33)SXH2a

The command was changed as follows:

The default mode was changed from distributed mode to centralized mode.
The centralized keyword was removed and the distributed keyword was added.

Usage Guidelines

Note

Prior to Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH and the introduction of this feature, the operating mode was centralized and could not be changed.

Centralized egress span monitoring redirects traffic to the supervisor engine for egress monitoring.

Distributed egress span monitoring is performed in the ingress module. Distributed replication for Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN), Remote SPAN (RSPAN), and Encapsulated RSPAN (ERSPAN) increases the total throughput at the span destination.

Note

Distributed egress span (DES) mode is applied to ASIC-based sessions only.

Examples

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH, SXH1, and SXH2

The following example shows how to switch the egress-span mode from the distributed default to centralized mode:

Router(config)# monitor session egress replication-mode centralized

The following example shows how to switch the egress-span mode from centralized back to distributed mode:

Router(config)# no monitor session egress replication-mode centralized

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH2a and Later Releases

The following example shows how to switch the egress-span mode from the centralized default to distributed mode:

Router(config)# monitor session egress replication-mode distributed

The following example shows how to switch the egress-span mode from distributed back to centralized mode:

Router(config)# no monitor session egress replication-mode distributed

Related Commands

Command	Description
show monitor session	Displays the operational mode and configured mode of the session and module session capabilities.

monitor session type

To configure a local Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN), RSPAN, or ERSPAN, use the monitor session typecommand in global configuration mode. To remove one or more source or destination interfaces from the SPAN session, use the no form of this command.

monitor session span-session-number type {erspan-destination | erspan-source | local | local-tx | rspan-destination | rspan-source}

no monitor session span-session-number type {erspan-destination | erspan-source | local | local-tx | rspan-destination | rspan-source}

Syntax Description

span-session-number	Number of the local SPAN or ERSPAN session; valid values are from 1 to 66.
erspan-destination	Specifies the ERSPAN destination-session configuration mode.
erspan-source	Specifies the ERSPAN source-session configuration mode.
local	Specifies the local SPAN session configuration mode.
local-tx	Specifies the local egress-only SPAN session configuration mode.
rspan-destination	Specifies the RSPAN destination-session configuration mode.
rspan-source	Specifies the RSPAN source-session configuration mode.

Command Default

This command has no default settings.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release

Modification

12.2(18)SXE

Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 720.

12.2(18)SXF

This command was changed as follows:

Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 32.
ERSPAN is supported in any switch fabric module functionality switching mode.

12.2(33)SXH

This command was changed to include the following keywords:

local
local-tx
rspan-destination
rspan-source

Usage Guidelines

Release 12.2(18)SXE and later releases support ERSPAN with the Supervisor Engine 720, hardware revision 3.2 or higher. Enter the show module version | include WS-SUP720-BASE command to display the hardware revision.

ERSPAN traffic is GRE-encapsulated SPAN traffic that can only be processed by an ERSPAN destination session.

This command is not supported on Catalyst 6500 series switches that are configured with a Supervisor Engine 2.

All ERSPAN source sessions on a switch must use the same source IP address. You enter the origin ip address command to configure the IP address for the ERSPAN source sessions.

All ERSPAN destination sessions on a switch must use the same IP address. You enter the ip address command to configure the IP address for the ERSPAN destination sessions. If the ERSPAN destination IP address is not a Supervisor Engine 720 (for example, it is a network sniffer), the traffic arrives with the GRE and RSPAN headers/encapsulation intact.

The ERSPAN source session destination IP address, which must be configured on an interface on the destination switch, is the source of traffic that an ERSPAN destination session sends to the destination ports. You configure the same address in both the source and destination sessions with the ip address command.

The ERSPAN ID differentiates the ERSPAN traffic arriving at the same destination IP address from different ERSPAN source sessions.

The local ERSPAN session limits are as follows:

Total sessions--66
Source sessions--2 (ingress or egress or both)
Destination sessions--23

The monitor session type command creates a new ERSPAN session or allows you to enter the ERSPAN session configuration mode. ERSPAN uses separate source and destination sessions. You configure the source and destination sessions on different switches. The ERSPAN session configuration mode prompts are as follows:

Router(config-mon-erspan-src)--Indicates the ERSPAN source session configuration mode.
Router(config-mon-erspan-src-dst)--Indicates the ERSPAN source session destination configuration mode.
Router(config-mon-erspan-dst)--Indicates the ERSPAN destination session configuration mode.
Router(config-mon-erspan-dst-src)--Indicates the ERSPAN destination session source configuration mode

The table below lists the ERSPAN destination session configuration mode syntaxes.

Table 1

ERSPAN Destination Session Configuration Mode Syntaxes

Syntax	Description
Global Configuration Mode
monitor session erspan-destination-session-number \| rspan-destination-session-number type erspan-destination \| erspan-destination	Enters ERSPAN or RSPAN destination session configuration mode and changes the prompt to the following: Router(config-mon-erspan-dst)# Router(config-mon-rspan-dst)#
Destination Session Configuration Mode
description session-description	(Optional) Describes the ERSPAN or RSPAN destination session.
shutdown	(Optional) (Default) Inactivates the ERSPAN destination session.
no shutdown	Activates the ERSPAN destination session.
destination {single-interface \| interface-list \| interface-range \| mixed-interface-list }	Associates the ERSPAN destination session number with the destination ports.
source	Enters ERSPAN destination session source configuration mode and changes the prompt to the following: Router(config-mon-erspan-dst-src)#
Destination Session Source Configuration Mode
ip address ip-address [force]	Configures the ERSPAN flow destination IP address, which must also be configured on an interface on the destination switch and be entered in the ERSPAN destination session configuration.
erspan-id erspan-flow-id	Configures the ID number used by the destination and destination sessions to identify the ERSPAN traffic.
vrf vrf-name	(Optional) Configures the VRF name of the packets in the ERSPAN traffic.

The table below lists the ERSPAN source session configuration mode syntaxes.

Table 2

ERSPAN or RSPAN Source Session Configuration Mode Syntaxes

Syntax	Description
Global Configuration Mode
monitor session erspan-source-session-number type erspan-source \| rspan-source	Enters ERSPAN or RSPAN source session configuration mode and changes the prompt as appropriate to the following: Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# Router(config-mon-rspan-src)#
Source Session Configuration Mode
description session-description	(Optional) Describes the ERSPAN or RSPAN source session.
shutdown	(Optional) (Default) Inactivates the ERSPAN or RSPAN source session.
no shutdown	Activates the ERSPAN or RSPAN source session.
source {{single-interface \| interface-list \| interface-range \| mixed-interface-list \| single-vlan \| vlan-list \| vlan-range \| mixed-vlan-list } [rx \| tx \| both]}	Associates the ERSPAN or RSPAN source session number with the source ports or VLANs, and selects the traffic direction to be monitored.
filter { single-vlan \| vlan-list \| vlan-range \| mixed-vlan-list }	(Optional) Configures source VLAN filtering when the ERSPAN or RSPAN source is a trunk port.
description session-description	(Optional) Describes the ERSPAN or RSPAN source session.
Source Session Destination Configuration Mode
ip address ip-address	Configures the ERSPAN or RSPAN flow destination IP address, which must also be configured on an interface on the destination switch and be entered in the ERSPAN or RSPAN destination session configuration.
erspan-id erspan-flow-id	Configures the ID number used by the source and destination sessions to identify the ERSPAN or RSPAN traffic.
origin ip address ip-address	Configures the IP address used as the source of the ERSPAN or RSPAN traffic.
ip {{ttlttl-value } \| {precipp-value } \| {dscpdscp-value }}	(Optional) Configures the following packet values in the ERSPAN or RSPAN traffic: ttl ttl -value --IP time-to-live (TTL) value prec ipp-value-- IP-precedence value dscp dscp-value-- IP-precedence value
vrf vrf-name	(Optional) Configures the VRF name of the packets in the ERSPAN or RSPAN traffic.

When you configure the monitor sessions, follow these syntax guidelines:

erspan-destination-span-session-number can range from 1 to 66.
single-interface is interfacetype slot /port ; type is fastethernet, gigabitethernet, or tengigabitethernet.
interface-list is single-interface , single-interface , single-interface ...

Note

In lists, you must enter a space before and after the comma. In ranges, you must enter a space before and after the dash.

interface-range is interfacetype slot /first-port - last-port .
mixed-interface-list is, in any order, single-interface , interface-range , ...
erspan-flow-id can range from 1 to 1023.

When you clear the monitor sessions, follow these syntax guidelines:

The no monitor sessionsession-number command entered with no other parameters clears the session session-number .
session-range is first-session-number -last-session-number.

Note

When you enter the no monitor session range command, do not enter spaces before or after the dash. If you enter multiple ranges, do not enter spaces before or after the commas.

Use the monitor session type local command to configure ingress, egress, or both ingress and egress SPAN sessions.

Use the monitor session type local-tx command to configure egress-only SPAN sessions.

When you enter the local or the local egress-only SPAN session configuration mode, the prompt changes accordingly to Router(config-mon-local)# or Router(config-mon-local-tx)#, and the following commands are available:

description -- Describes the properties for this session using this syntax:

description description

The descriptioncan be up to 240 characters and cannot contain special characters or spaces.

destination -- Specifies the destination and the destination properties using this syntax:

destination analysis-module num anomaly-detector-module num interface type number intrusion-detection-module num

analysis-module num	Specifies the SPAN destination analysis-module.
anomaly-detector-module num	Specifies the SPAN destination anomaly-detector-module.
interface type number	Specifies the interface type and number as follows: GigabitEthernet mod /port port-channel num --Ethernet Channel of interfaces; valid values are from 1 to 496.
ingress	(Optional) Configures destinations to receive traffic from attached devices.
learning	(Optional) Enables MAC address learning from the destinations, which allows the switch to transmit traffic that is addressed to devices attached to the destinations.
intrusion-detection-module num	Specifies the SPAN destination intrusion-detection-module.

exit -- Exits from configuration session mode.
filter vlan vlan-id -- Limits the SPAN source traffic to specific VLANs; valid values are from 1 to 4096.
no -- Negates a command or sets its defaults.
shutdown -- Shuts down this session
source -- Specifies the SPAN source interface or VLAN using the following syntax:

cpu rp	Associates the local SPAN session number with the CPU on the route processor.
cpu sp	Associates the local SPAN session number with the CPU on the switch processor.
interface type number	Specifies the interface type and number as follows: FastEthernet mod /port GigabitEthernet mod /port Port-channel num --Ethernet Channel of interfaces; valid values are from 1 to 496.
vlan vlan-id	Specifies the VLAN; valid values are from 1 to 4094.
,	(Optional) Specifies another range of interfaces.
-	(Optional) Specifies a range of interfaces.
both	(Optional) Monitors the received and the transmitted traffic.
rx	(Optional) Monitors the received traffic only.
tx When you enter the local-tx keyword, the rx and both keywords are not available and the tx keyword is required.	(Optional) Monitors the transmitted traffic only.

The local SPAN session limits are as follows:

Total sessions--80
Source sessions--2 (ingress or egress or both)
Egress only--14

If you enter the filter keyword on a monitored trunk interface, only traffic on the set of specified VLANs is monitored.

Only one destination per SPAN session is supported. If you attempt to add another destination interface to a session that already has a destination interface configured, you get an error. You must first remove a SPAN destination interface before changing the SPAN destination to a different interface.

You can configure up to 64 SPAN destination interfaces, but you can have one egress SPAN source interface and up to 128 ingress source interfaces only.

A SPAN session can either monitor VLANs or monitor individual interfaces, but it cannot monitor both specific interfaces and specific VLANs. Configuring a SPAN session with a source interface and then trying to add a source VLAN to the same SPAN session causes an error. Configuring a SPAN session with a source VLAN and then trying to add a source interface to that session also causes an error. You must first clear any sources for a SPAN session before switching to another type of source.

Port channel interfaces display in the list of interface options if you have them configured. VLAN interfaces are not supported. However, you can span a particular VLAN by entering the monitor session session source vlan vlan-id command.

When you configure the destination, use these guidelines:

A single-interface is as follows:
- interface type slot/port; type is fastethernet, gigabitethernet, or tengigabitethernet.
- interface port-channel number

Note

Destination port channel interfaces must be configured with the channel-group group-num mode on command and the no channel-protocol command.

An interface-list is single-interface, single-interface , single-interface ...

Note

In lists, you must enter a space before and after the comma. In ranges, you must enter a space before and after the dash.

An interface-range is interface type slot / first-port - last-port.
A mixed-interface-list is, in any order, single-interface , interface-range , ...
A single-vlan is the ID number of a single VLAN.
A single-list is single-vlan , single-vlan , single-vlan ...
A vlan-range is first-vlan-ID - last-vlan-ID.
A mixed-vlan-list is, in any order, single-vlan , vlan-range , ...

When you clear the monitor sessions, follow these syntax guidelines:

The no monitor sessionsession-number command entered with no other parameters clears the session session-number .
session-range is first-session-number -last-session-number.

Note

When you enter the no monitor session range command, do not enter spaces before or after the dash. If you enter multiple ranges, do not enter spaces before or after the commas.

Examples

This example shows how to configure an ERSPAN source session number and enter the ERSPAN source session configuration mode for the session:

Router(config)# monitor session 55 type erspan-source
 
Router(config-mon-erspan-src)#

This example shows how to configure an ERSPAN destination session number and enter the ERSPAN destination session configuration mode for the session:

Router(config)# monitor session 55 type erspan-destination
 
Router(config-mon-erspan-dst)#

This example shows how to associate the ERSPAN destination session number with the destination ports:

Router(config-mon-erspan-dst) destination interface fastethernet 1/2 , 2/3

This example shows how to enter the ERSPAN destination session source configuration:

Router(config-mon-erspan-dst)# source
Router(config-mon-erspan-dst-src)#

This example shows how to enter the ERSPAN destination session source configuration mode:

Router(config-mon-erspan-dst)# source
Router(config-mon-erspan-dst-src)#

This example shows how to configure multiple sources for a session:

Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# source interface fastethernet 5/15 , 7/3 rx
Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# source interface gigabitethernet 1/2 tx 
Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# source interface port-channel 102 
Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# source filter vlan 2 - 3
Router(config-mon-erspan-src)#

This example shows how to enter the ERSPAN source session destination configuration mode:

Router(config-mon-erspan-src)# destination
Router(config-mon-erspan-src-dst)#

This example shows how to configure the ID number that is used by the source and destination sessions to identify the ERSPAN traffic:

Router(config-mon-erspan-src-dst)# erspan-id 1005
Router(config-mon-erspan-src-dst)#

This example shows how to configure session 1 to monitor ingress traffic from Gigabit Ethernet port 1/1 and configure Gigabit Ethernet port 1/2 as the destination:

Router(config)# monitor session 1 type local 
Router(config-mon-local)# source interface gigabitethernet 1/1 rx 
Router(config-mon-local)# destination interface gigabitethernet 1/2

This example shows how to configure session 1 to monitor egress-only traffic from Gigabit Ethernet port 5/1 and configure Gigabit Ethernet port 5/2 as the destination:

Router(config)# monitor session 1 type local-tx 
Router(config-mon-local)# source interface gigabitethernet 5/1 rx 
Router(config-mon-local)# destination interface gigabitethernet 5/2

This example shows how to remove an interface from a session:

Router(config)# no monitor session 1 type local-tx

Related Commands

Command	Description
monitor session type	Creates an ERSPAN source session number or enters the ERSPAN session configuration mode for the session.
show monitor session	Displays information about the ERSPAN, SPAN, and RSPAN sessions.

mop device-code

To identify the type of device sending Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) System Identification (sysid) messages and request program messages, use the mop device-code command in global configuration mode. To set the identity to the default value, use the no form of this command.

mop device-code commandmop device-code {cisco | ds200}

no mop device-code {cisco | ds200}

Syntax Description

cisco	Denotes a Cisco device code. This is the default.
ds200	Denotes a DECserver 200 device code.

Command Default

Cisco device code

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The sysid messages and request program messages use the identity information indicated by this command.

Examples

The following example identifies a DECserver 200 device as sending MOP sysid and request program messages:

mop device-code ds200

Related Commands

Command	Description
mop sysid	Enables an interface to send out periodic MOP system identification messages.

mop retransmit-timer

To configure the length of time that the Cisco IOS software waits before resending boot requests to a Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) server, use the mop retransmit-timer command in global configuration mode. To reinstate the default value, use the no form of this command.

mop retransmit-timer seconds

no mop retransmit-timer

Syntax Description

seconds

Sets the length of time (in seconds) that the software waits before resending a message. The value is a number from 1 to 20.

Command Default

4 seconds

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

By default, when the software sends a request that requires a response from a MOP boot server and the server does not respond, the message is re-sent after 4 seconds. If the MOP boot server and router are separated by a slow serial link, it might take longer than 4 seconds for the software to receive a response to its message. Therefore, you might want to configure the software to wait longer than 4 seconds before resending the message if you are using such a link.

Examples

In the following example, if the MOP boot server does not respond within 10 seconds after the router sends a message, the server will resend the message:

mop retransmit-timer 10

Related Commands

Command	Description
mop device-code	Identifies the type of device sending MOP sysid messages and requests program messages.
mop enabled	Enables an interface to support the MOP.

mop retries

To configure the number of times the Cisco IOS software will resend boot requests to a Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP) server, use the mop retries command in global configuration mode. To reinstate the default value, use the no form of this command.

mop retries count

no mop retries

Syntax Description

count

Indicates the number of times the software will resend a MOP boot request. The value is a number from 3 to 24. The default is 8.

Command Default

8 times

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Examples

In the following example, the software will attempt to resend a message to an unresponsive host 11 times before declaring a failure:

Router(config)# mop retries 11

Related Commands

Command	Description
mop device-code	Identifies the type of device sending MOP sysid messages and requests program messages.
mop enabled	Enables an interface to support the MOP server.
mop retransmit-timer	Configures the length of time that the Cisco IOS software waits before resending boot requests to a MOP server.

To display the contents of a file, use the morecommand in privileged EXEC mode.

more [/ascii | /binary | /ebcdic] url

Syntax Description

/ascii	(Optional) Displays a binary file in ASCII format.
/binary	(Optional) Displays a file in hex/text format.
/ebcdic	(Optional) Displays a binary file in EBCDIC format.
url	The URL of the file to display. A URL in the CLI consists of a file-system prefix (such as system: or nvram:), an optional path (such as a folder name), and the name of a file.

Command Default

The command displays the conent of a file in its native format. Optional formats include ascii, binary, and ebcdic.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC (>)

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.5	This command was implemented on Cisco ASR 1000 series routers.

Usage Guidelines

The more system:running-config command displays the same output as the show running-config command. The more nvram:startup-config command is recommended as a replacement for the show startup-config command and the show configuration command.

You can use this command to display configuration files, as follows:

The more nvram:startup-config command displays the startup configuration file contained in NVRAM or specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable. The Cisco IOS software informs you whether the displayed configuration is a complete configuration or a distilled version. A distilled configuration is one that does not contain access lists.
The more system:running-config command displays the running configuration.

These commands show the version number of the software used when you last changed the configuration file.

You can also display the contents of files on remote systems using the more command. For example, you could display a saved running configuration file on an FTP server using more ftp://username:password@ftp-host1/mydirectory/7200-basic-running-config. See the description of the copy command for more information on file-system prefixes available in the Cisco IOS CLI.

Options for filtering and redirecting the output of this command are available by appending a pipe character (|). See the Related Commands table for a list of more <url> command extensions.

Examples

The following partial sample output displays the configuration file named startup-config in NVRAM:

Router# more nvram:startup-config
!
! No configuration change since last restart
! NVRAM config last updated at 02:03:26 PDT Thu Oct 2 1997
!
version 12.1
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
service password-encryption
service udp-small-servers
service tcp-small-servers
.
.
.
end

The following is partial sample output from the more nvram:startup-config command when the configuration file has been compressed:

Router# 
more nvram:startup-config
 
Using 21542 out of 65536 bytes, uncompressed size = 142085 bytes
!
version 12.1 
service compress-config
!
hostname rose
!
.
.
.

The following partial sample output displays the running configuration:

Router2# more system:running-config
 
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
!
version 12.1
no service udp-small-servers
no service tcp-small-servers
!
hostname Router2
!
.
.
.
!
end

Related Commands

Command	Description
boot config	Specifies the device and filename of the configuration file from which the router configures itself during initialization (startup).
more <url> begin	Begins the output of any morecommand from a matched string.
more <url> exclude	Filters the output of any more command to exclude a matched string.
more <url> include	Filters the output of any more command to display only the lines that match the specified string.
service compress-config	Compresses startup configuration files.
show bootvar	Displays the contents of the BOOT environment variable, the name of the configuration file pointed to by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable, the contents of the BOOTLDR environment variable, and the configuration register setting.

more url begin

To search the output of any morecommand, use the more url | begin command in EXEC mode. This command begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.

{more url | begin regular-expression}

Syntax Description

url	The Universal Resource Locator (RLl) of the file to display. More commands are advanced show commands; for details, see the command reference page in this book for the more command.
\|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in more command output.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.
-	Specifies a filter at a --More-- prompt that only displays output lines that do not contain the regular expression.
+	Specifies a filter at a --More-- prompt that only displays output lines that contain the regular expression.

Command Modes

User EXEC

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	The more command was introduced.
12.0(1)T	This extension of the more command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements.

You can specify a new search at every --More-- prompt.

To search the remaining output of the more command, use the following command at the --More-- prompt:

/ regular-expression

To filter the remaining output of the more command, use one of the following commands at the --More-- prompt:

- regular-expression

+ regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-Z.

Note

Once you specify a filter for a more command, you cannot specify another filter at a --More-- prompt. The first specified filter remains until the more command output finishes or until you interrupt the output. The use of the keyword begin does not constitute a filter.

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the more nvram:startup-config | begincommand that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contain the regular expression "ip." At the --More-- prompt, the user specifies a filter to exclude output lines that contain the regular expression "ip."

router# more nvram:startup-config | begin ip
ip subnet-zero
ip domain-name cisco.com
ip name-server 198.92.30.32
ip name-server 171.69.2.132
!
isdn switch-type primary-5ess
.
.
.
interface Ethernet1
 ip address 5.5.5.99 255.255.255.0
 --More-- 
-ip
filtering...
 media-type 10BaseT
!
interface Serial0:23
 encapsulation frame-relay
 no keepalive
 dialer string 4001
 dialer-group 1
 isdn switch-type primary-5ess
 no fair-queue

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> exclude	Filters more command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
more <url> include	Filters more command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> begin	Searches the output of any show command and displays the output from the first instance of a specified string.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.

more url exclude

To filter morecommand output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression, use the more exclude command in EXEC mode.

{more url | exclude regular-expression}

Syntax Description

url	The Universal Resource Locator (URL) of the file to display. More commands are advanced show commands; for details, see the command reference page in this book for the more command. The Cisco IOS File System (IFS) uses URLs to specify the location of a file system, directory, and file. Typical URL elements include: prefix:[directory/]filename Prefixes can be local file systems or file locations, such as nvram: or system:. Alternatively, you can specify network locations using the following syntax: ftp: [[//[username [:password ]@]location ]/directory ]/filename tftp: [[//location ]/directory ]/filename rcp: [[//[username @]location ]/directory ]/filename
\|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in more command output.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	The more command was introduced.
12.0(1)T	This extension of the more command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements.

You can specify a new search at any --More-- prompt. To search the remaining output of the more command, use the following command at the --More-- prompt:

/ regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-Z.

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the more nvram:startup-config | excludecommand. The use of | exclude service in the command specifies a filter that excludes lines that contain the regular expression "service." At the --More-- prompt, the user searches for the regular expression "Dialer1," which continues filtered output with the first line that contains "Dialer1."

router# more nvram:startup-config | exclude service
!
version 12.0
!
hostname router
!
boot system flash
no logging buffered
!
ip subnet-zero
ip domain-name cisco.com
.
.
.
--More--
/Dialer1
filtering...
interface Dialer1
 no ip address
 no ip directed-broadcast
 dialer in-band
 no cdp enable

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> begin	Begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.
more <url> include	Filters more command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> begin	Searches the output of any show command and displays the output from the first instance of a specified string.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.

more url include

To filter morecommand output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression, use the more include command in EXEC mode.

{more url | include regular-expression}

Syntax Description

url	The Universal Resource Locator (URL) of the file to display. More commands are advanced show commands; for details, see the command reference page in this book for the more command.
\|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in more command output.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	The more command was introduced.
12.0(1)T	This extension of the more command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements.

You can specify a new search at any --More-- prompt. To search the remaining output of the more command, use the following syntax at the --More-- prompt:

/ regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-Z.

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the more nvram:startup-config | includecommand. It only displays lines that contain the regular expression "ip."

router# more nvram:startup-config | include ip
ip subnet-zero
ip domain-name cisco.com
ip name-server 198.92.30.32
ip name-server 171.69.2.132
 description ip address 172.21.53.199 255.255.255.0
 ip address 172.21.53.199 255.255.255.0

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> begin	Begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.
more <url> exclude	Filters more command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> begin	Searches the output of any show command and displays the output from the first instance of a specified string.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.

more flh:logfile

To view the system console output generated during the Flash load helper operation, use the more flh:logfile privileged EXEC command.

more flh:logfile

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

If you are a remote Telnet user performing the Flash upgrade without a console connection, this command allows you to retrieve console output when your Telnet connection has terminated due to the switch to the ROM image. The output indicates what happened during the download, and is particularly useful if the download fails.

This command is a form of the more command. See the more command for more information.

Examples

The following is sample output from the more flh:logfilecommand:

Router# more flh:logfile
%FLH: abc/igs-kf.914 from 172.16.1.111 to flash... 
System flash directory:
File
  
Length   Name/status
  
1   2251320
  
abc/igs-kf.914 
[2251384 bytes used, 1942920 available, 4194304 total]
Accessing file 'abc/igs-kf.914' on 172.16.1.111...
Loading from 172.16.13.111: 
Erasing device...... erased
Loading from 172.16.13.111: 
- [OK - 
2251320/4194304 bytes]
Verifying checksum... OK (0x97FA)
Flash copy took 79292 msecs
%FLH: Re-booting system after download
Loading abc/igs-kf.914 at 0x3000040, size = 2251320 bytes [OK]
F3: 2183364+67924+259584 at 0x3000060
              Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
              cisco Systems, Inc.
              170 West Tasman Drive
              San Jose, California 95134
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
Cisco IOS (tm) GS Software (GS7), Version 11.0
Copyright (c) 1986-1995 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 06-Dec-94 14:01 by smith
Image text-base: 0x00001000, data-base: 0x005A9C94
cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision 0x00) with 4092K/2048K bytes of 
memory.
Processor board serial number 00000000
DDN X.25 software, Version 2.0, NET2 and BFE compliant.
ISDN software, Version 1.0.
Bridging software.
Enterprise software set supported. (0x0)
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface.
2 Serial network interfaces.
 --More-- 
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface.
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)

Related Commands

Command	Description
more	Displays a file.

motd-banner

To enable the display of message-of-the-day (MOTD) banners on the specified line or lines, use the motd-banner command in line configuration mode. To suppress the MOTD banners on the specified line or lines, use the no form of this command.

motd-banner

no motd-banner

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

Enabled on all lines.

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.1	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

This command determines whether the router will display the MOTD banner when an EXEC session is created on the specified line or lines. The MOTD banner is defined with the banner motd global configuration command. By default, the MOTD banner is enabled on all lines. Disable the MOTD banner on specific lines using the no motd-banner line configuration command.

The MOTD banners can also be disabled by the no exec-banner line configuration command, which disables both MOTD banners and EXEC banners on a line. If the no exec-banner command is configured on a line, the MOTD banner will be disabled regardless of whether the motd-bannercommand is enabled or disabled. The table below summarizes the effects of the exec-banner command and the motd-banner command.

Table 3

Banners Displayed Based On exec-banner and motd-banner Combinations

exec-banner (default)

no exec-banner

motd-banner (default)

MOTD banner

EXEC banner

None

no motd-banner

EXEC banner

None

For reverse Telnet connections, the EXEC banner is never displayed. Instead, the incoming banner is displayed. The MOTD banner is displayed by default, but it is disabled if either the no exec-banner command or no motd-banner command is configured. The table below summarizes the effects of the exec-banner command and the motd-banner command for reverse Telnet connections.

Table 4

Banners Displayed Based On exec-banner and motd-banner Combinations for Reverse Telnet Sessions to Async Lines

exec-banner (default)

no exec-banner

motd-banner (default)

MOTD banner

Incoming banner

no motd-banner

Incoming banner

Examples

The following example suppresses the MOTD banner on vty lines 0 through 4:

line vty 0 4
 no motd-banner

Related Commands

Command	Description
banner exec	Defines and enables a customized banner to be displayed whenever the EXEC process is initiated.
banner incoming	Defines and enables a customized message to be displayed when there is an incoming connection to a terminal line from a host on the network.
banner motd	Defines and enables a customized message-of-the-day banner.
motd-banner	Controls (enables or disables) the display of message-of-the-day banners on a specified line or lines.

name-connection

To assign a logical name to a connection, use the name-connectioncommand in user EXEC mode.

name-connection

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

No logical name is defined.

Command Modes

User EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

This command can be useful for keeping track of multiple connections.

You are prompted for the connection number and name to assign. The where command displays a list of the assigned logical connection names.

Examples

The following example assigns the logical name blueto the connection:

Router> where
Conn Host                Address             Byte  Idle Conn Name
*  1 doc-2509            172.30.162.131         0     0 doc-2509
Router> name-connection
Connection number: 1
Enter logical name: 
blue
Connection 1 to doc-2509 will be named "BLUE" [confirm]

Related Commands

Command	Description
where	Lists open sessions associated with the current terminal line.

no menu

To delete a user menu from the configuration file, use the no menu command in global configuration mode.

no menu menu-name

Syntax Description

menu-name

Name of the menu to delete from the configuration file.

Command Default

No default behavior or values.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command to remove any menu commands for a particular menu from the configuration file.

As with all global configuration commands, this command will only effect the startup configuration file when you save the running configuration using the copy running-config startup-config EXEC command.

Examples

The following example deletes the menu named Access1:

no menu Access1

Related Commands

Command	Description
menu (EXEC)	Invokes a user menu.
menu command	Specifies underlying commands for user menus.
menu prompt	Specifies the prompt for a user menu.
menu text	Specifies the text of a menu item in a user menu.
menu title	Creates a title, or banner, for a user menu.

notify

To enable terminal notification about pending output from other Telnet connections, use the notify command in line configuration mode. To disable notifications, use the noform of this command.

notify

no notify

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

Disabled

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

This command sets a line to inform a user that has multiple, concurrent Telnet connections when output is pending on a connection other than the current one.

Examples

In the following example, notification of pending output from connections is enabled on virtual terminal lines 0 to 4:

Router(config)# line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)# notify

Related Commands

Command	Description
terminal notify	Configures a line to inform a user that has multiple, concurrent Telnet connections when output is pending on a connection other than the current one.

notify syslog

To enable the sending of notifications of configuration changes to a remote system message logging (syslog), use the notify syslogcommand in configuration change logger configuration mode. To disable the sending of notifications of configuration changes to the syslog, use the no form of this command.

notify syslog [contenttype {plaintext | xml}]

no notify syslog [contenttype {plaintext | xml}]

Syntax Description

contenttype	(Optional) Allows you to choose a format for the configuration change messages that are sent via syslog.
plaintext	(Optional) Specifies that the configuration change messages are sent as plain text.
xml	(Optional) Specifies that the configuration change messages are sent in XML format.

Command Default

Notifications are not sent to the syslog.

Command Modes

Configuration change logger configuration (config-archive-log-config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(4)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.
12.2(27)SBC	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(27)SBC.
12.2(33)SRA	The contenttype plaintext, and xml keywords were added.
12.2(33)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series.

Usage Guidelines

Enable the notify syslog command if you use the syslog to monitor your router. Syslog monitoring prevents the need to gather configuration log information manually.

Examples

The following example shows how to enable the router to send notifications (in XML format) to the syslog:

Router# configure terminal
!
Router(config)# archive
Router(config-archive)# log config
Router(config-archive-log-config)# notify syslog contenttype xml
Router(config-archive-log-config)# end

Related Commands

Command	Description
archive	Enters archive configuration mode.
hidekeys	Suppresses the display of password information in configuration log files.
log config	Enters configuration change logger configuration mode.
logging enable	Enables the logging of configuration changes.
logging size	Specifies the maximum number of entries retained in the configuration log.
show archive log config	Displays entries from the configuration log.

padding

To set the padding on a specific output character, use the padding command in line configuration mode. To remove padding for the specified output character, use the no form of this command.

padding ascii-number count

no padding ascii-number

Syntax Description

ascii-number	ACII decimal representation of the character.
count	Number of NULL bytes sent after the specified character, up to 255 padding characters in length.

Command Default

No padding

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command when the attached device is an old terminal that requires padding after certain characters (such as ones that scrolled or moved the carriage). See the "ASCII Character Set and Hex Values" appendix for a list of ASCII characters.

Examples

In the following example, the Return (decimal character 13) is padded with 25 NULL bytes on the console line:

Router(config)# line console
 
Router(config-line)# padding 13 25

Related Commands

Command	Description
terminal padding	Changes the character padding on a specific output character for the current session.

parity

To define generation of a parity bit, use the parity command in line configuration mode. To specify no parity, use the no form of this command.

parity {none | even | odd | space | mark}

no parity

Syntax Description

none	No parity. This is the default.
even	Even parity.
odd	Odd parity.
space	Space parity.
mark	Mark parity.

Command Default

No parity.

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.4	This command was modified to enable parity setting on Cisco AS5350 and Cisco AS5400 NextPort lines.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

Communication protocols provided by devices such as terminals and modems sometimes require a specific parity bit setting. Refer to the documentation for your device to determine required parity settings.

If you use this command to set parity on Cisco AS5350 and Cisco AS5400 NextPort lines, do not also set parity by means of S-register settings in a modemcap. (A modemcap is a series of parameter settings that are sent to your modem to configure it to interact with a Cisco device in a specified way. Cisco IOS software defines modemcaps that have been found to properly initialize most modems so that they function properly with Cisco routers and access servers.)

Examples

In the following example, even parity is configured for line 34:

Router(config)# line 34
Router(config-line)# parity even

Related Commands

Command	Description
terminal parity	Defines the generation of the parity bit for the current for the current session and line.

parser cache

To reenable the Cisco IOS software parser cache after disabling it, use the parser cache command in global configuration mode. To disable the parser cache, use the no form of this command.

parser cache

no parser cache

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

Parser cache is enabled by default.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.1(5)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The Parser Cache feature optimizes the parsing (translation and execution) of Cisco IOS software configuration command lines by remembering how to parse recently encountered command lines, decreasing the time required to process large configuration files.

The parser cache is enabled by default. However, if you wish to disable the parser cache, you may do so using the no parser cache command in global configuration mode. To reenable the parser cache after it has been disabled, use the parser cache command.

When the no parser cache is issued, the command line appears in the running configuration file. However, if the parser cache is reenabled, no command line appears in the running configuration file.

Examples

In the following example, the Cisco IOS software Parser Cache feature is disabled:

Router(config)# no parser cache

Related Commands

Command	Description
clear parser cache	Clears the parse cache entries and hit/miss statistics stored for the Parser Cache feature.
show parser statistics	Displays statistics about the last configuration file parsed and the status of the Parser Cache feature.

parser command serializer

To enable configuration access only to the users holding a configuration lock and to prevent other clients from accessing the running configuration, use the parser command serializer command in global configuration mode. To disable this configuration, use the no form of this command.

parser command serializer

no parser command serializer

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

Access is granted only to the user holding the lock.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(33)SRE	This command was introduced.
15.1(1)T	This command was included in Cisco IOS Release 15.1(1)T.

Usage Guidelines

The Parser Concurrency and Locking Improvements feature ensures that exclusive access is granted only to a requested process and prevents other users from concurrently accessing the Cisco IOS configuration. That is, it prevents simultaneous execution of two or more commands. Use the parser command serializer command to configure the Parser Concurrency and Locking Improvements feature.

Examples

The following example shows how to configure the Parser Concurrency and Locking Improvements feature:

Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# parser command serializer

Related Commands

Command	Description
configuration mode exclusive	Enables single-user (exclusive) access functionality for the Cisco IOS CLI.
configure terminal lock	Locks the running configuration into exclusive configuration mode for the duration of your configuration session.
test parser session-lock	Tests the behavior of the Parser Concurrency and Locking Improvements feature.

parser config cache interface

To reduce the time required for the command-line interpreter to execute commands that manage the running system configuration files, use the parser config cache interfacecommand in global configuration mode. To disable the reduced command execution time functionality, use the no form of this command.

parser config cache interface

no parser config cache interface

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(7)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.
12.2(27)SBC	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(27)SBC.
12.2(33)SRC	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRC.
12.2(33)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series.
12.2(33)SXI	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXI.

Usage Guidelines

Enable the parser config cache interfacecommand to reduce the execution time required for running configuration management commands such as the show running-configuration, write terminal, and copy system:running-configuration commands. Information for these configuration management commands is supplied by nonvolatile generation (NVGEN) processes that query the system for configuration details. The parser config cache interfacecommand is especially useful for managing large system configurations that contain numerous interface configurations.

Once enabled, the command provides faster execution of the NVGEN commands that process the running system configuration by caching interface configurations in system memory, and by retrieving only configuration information that has changed. For this reason, the device on which this command is enabled must have enough memory available to store the interface configuration. For example, if the interface configurations take up 15 KB of memory, using this command would require having an additional 15 KB of memory space available.

The first time you display the configuration file, you will not see much evidence of improvement in performance because the interface cache will be filled up. However, you will notice performance improvements when you enter subsequent NVGEN-type commands such as the show running-configuration EXEC command.

Each time the interface configuration is changed, the interface cache is flushed. Entering an NVGEN-type command after modifying the interface configuration will once again not show any performance improvement until the next NVGEN-type command is entered.

Examples

The following example shows how to enable the functionality for reducing the time required for the command-line interpreter to execute commands that manage the running system configuration files:

Router(config)# parser config cache interface

Related Commands

Command	Description
copy system:running-configuration	Copies the running configuration to another destination.
show running-configuration	Displays the configuration currently running on the terminal.
write terminal	Displays the configuration currently running on the terminal.

parser config partition

To enable configuration partitioning, use the parser config partition command. To disable the partitioning of the running configuration, use the noform of thiscommand.

parser config partition

no parser config partition

Syntax Description

No arguments or keywords.

Command Default

This command is enabled by default.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(33)SRB	This command was introduced as part of the Configuration Partitioning feature.
12.2(33)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series.
12.2(33)SXI	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXI.

Usage Guidelines

This command controls (enables or disables) the Configuration Partitioning feature.

Note

This command is not related to disk partitions or disk partitioning.

To display the list of commands that make up the current running configuration for a specific part ("partition") of the system's global running configuration, use the show running-config partition command in privileged Exec mode.

The Configuration Partitioning feature uses a small amount of system resources. The no parser config partition command allows you to disable this feature if the feature is not needed on your system.

Note

Only the no form of this command will appear in configuration files. To determine if config partitioning is supported on your system and whether it is enabled, use the show running-config parser ? command.

Examples

The following example shows how to disable partitioning of the system running configuration:

Router> enable
Router# config t
 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# no parser config partition
System configured

Related Commands

Command	Description
show running-config partition	Displays the list of commands that make up the current running configuration for a specific part of the system's global running configuration. When used with the ? CLI help keyword, can also be used to determine the availability and status of the Configuration Partitioning feature.

partition

To separate Flash memory into partitions on Class B file system platforms, use the partition command in global configuration mode. To undo partitioning and to restore Flash memory to one partition, use the no form of this command.

Cisco 1600 Series and Cisco 3600 Series Routers

partition flash-filesystem : [number-of-partitions] [partition-size]

no partition flash-filesystem:

All Other Class B Platforms

partition flash partitions [size1 size2]

no partition flash

Syntax Description

flash-filesystem :	One of the following Flash file systems, which must be followed by a colon (:). The Cisco 1600 series can only use the flash: keyword. flash: -- Internal Flash memory slot0: -- Flash memory card in PCMCIA slot 0 slot1: -- Flash memory card in PCMCIA slot 1
number-of-partitions	(Optional) Number of partitions in Flash memory.
partition-size	(Optional) Size of each partition. The number of partition size entries must be equal to the number of specified partitions.
partitions	Number of partitions in Flash memory. Can be 1 or 2.
size1	(Optional) Size of the first partition (in megabytes).
size2	(Optional) Size of the second partition (in megabytes).

Command Default

Flash memory consists of one partition.

If the partition size is not specified, partitions of equal size are created.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

For the Cisco 1600 series and Cisco 3600 series routers, to undo partitioning, use the partition flash-filesystem :1 or no partition flash-filesystem : command. For other Class B platforms, use either the partition flash 1 or no partition flash command. If there are files in a partition other than the first, you must use the erase flash-filesystem:partition-numbercommand to erase the partition before reverting to a single partition.

When creating two partitions, you must not truncate a file or cause a file to spill over into the second partition.

Note

The partition command will only create 3MB or larger partitions and may not be used if the device memory contains logging persistent files.

Examples

The following example creates two partitions of 4 MB each in Flash memory:

Router(config)# partition flash 2 4 4

The following example divides the Flash memory card in slot 0 into two partitions, each 8 MB in size on a Cisco 3600 series router:

Router(config)# 
partition slot0: 2 8 8

The following example creates four partitions of equal size in the card on a Cisco 1600 series router:

Router(config)# partition flash: 4

path (archive configuration)

To specify the location and filename prefix for the files in the Cisco IOS configuration archive, use the path command in archive configuration mode. To disable this function, use the no form of this command.

path url

no path url

Syntax Description

url	URL (accessible by the Cisco IOS file system) used for saving archive files of the running configuration file in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.

Command Default

If this command is not configured, no location or filename prefix is specified for files in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.

Command Modes

Archive configuration (config-archive)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(7)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.
12.2(28)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(28)SB.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
12.2(31)SB2	This command was implemented on the Cisco 10000 series.
12.2(33)SXH	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH.
12.2(33)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SB and implemented on the Cisco 10000 series.

Usage Guidelines

When this command is entered, an archive file of the running configuration is saved when the archive config, write-memory, or copy running-config startup-config command is entered.

URLs are commonly used to specify files or location on the World Wide Web. On Cisco routers, URLs can be used to specify the location of a file or directory on a router or a remote file server. The path command uses a URL to specify the location and filename prefix for the Cisco IOS configuration archive.

The locations or file systems that you can specify in the url argument are as follows:

If your platform has disk0--disk0:, disk1:, ftp:, pram:, rcp:, slavedisk0:, slavedisk1:, or tftp:
If your platform does not have disk0--ftp:, http:, pram:, rcp:, or tftp:

The colon is required in the location format.

The filename of the first archive file is the filename specified in the url argument followed by -1. The filename of the second archive file is the filename specified in the url argument followed by -2 and so on.

Because some file systems are incapable of storing the date and time that a file was written, the filename of the archive file can contain the date, time, and router hostname. To include the router hostname in the archive file filename, enter the characters $h (for example, disk0:$h). To include the date and time in the archive file filename, enter the characters $t.

When a configuration archive operation is attempted on a local file system, the file system is tested to determine if it is writable and if it has sufficient space to save an archive file. If the file system is read-only or if there is not enough space to save an archive file, an error message is displayed.

If you specify the tftp: file server as the location with the path command, you need to create the configuration file on the TFTP file server and change the file's privileges before the archive config command works properly.

Examples

The following example of the path command shows how to specify the hostname, date, and time as the filename prefix for which to save archive files of the running configuration. In this example, the time-period command is also configured to automatically save an archive file of the running configuration every 20 minutes.

configure terminal
!
archive 
 path disk0:$h$t
 time-period 20
 end

The following is sample output from the show archive command illustrating the format of the resulting configuration archive filenames.

Router# show archive
There are currently 3 archive configurations saved.
The next archive file will be named routerJan-16-01:12:23.019-4
Archive #  Name
   0        
   1       disk0:routerJan-16-00:12:23.019-1
   2       disk0:routerJan-16-00:32:23.019-2
   3       disk0:routerJan-16-00:52:23.019-3 <- Most Recent
   4        
   5        
   6        
   7        
   8        
   9        
   10        
   11        
   12        
   13        
   14

Cisco IOS Configuration Archive on the TFTP File Server

The following example shows how to use the path command to specify the TFTP file server, address 10.48.71.226, as the archive configuration location and router-cfg as the configuration filename. First you create the configuration file on the TFTP server and change the file's privileges, then you can save the configuration file to the configuration archive.

The following example shows the commands to use to create the file and change the file's privileges on the TFTP server (UNIX commands):

> touch
 router-cfg-1
> chmod
 777 router-cfg-1

The following example show how to create the configuration archive, save the running configuration to the archive, and display the files in the archive:

configure terminal 
!
archive 
 path tftp://10.48.71.226/router-cfg
 exit
exit
!
archive config
Router# show archive
The next archive file will be named tftp://10.48.71.226/router-cfg-2
 Archive #  Name
   0        
   1       tftp://10.48.71.226/router-cfg-1 <- Most Recent
   2        
   3        
   4        
   5        
   6        
   7        
   8        
   9        
   10        
   11        
   12        
   13        
   14

The following is sample output from the show archive command if you did not create the configuration file on the TFTP server before attempting to archive the current running configuration file:

configure terminal 
!
archive 
 path tftp://10.48.71.226/router-cfg
 exit
exit
archive config
Router# show archive
The next archive file will be named tftp://10.48.71.226/router-cfg-1
 Archive #  Name
   0        
   1        
   2        
   3        
   4        
   5        
   6        
   7        
   8        
   9        
   10        
   11        
   12        
   13        
   14

Related Commands

Command	Description
archive	Enters archive configuration mode.
archive config	Saves a copy of the current running configuration to the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
configure confirm	Confirms replacement of the current running configuration with a saved Cisco IOS configuration file.
configure replace	Replaces the current running configuration with a saved Cisco IOS configuration file.
maximum	Sets the maximum number of archive files of the running configuration to be saved in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
show archive	Displays information about the files saved in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
time-period	Sets the time increment for automatically saving an archive file of the current running configuration in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.

periodic

To specify a recurring (weekly) time range for functions that support the time-range feature, use the periodic command in time-range configuration mode. To remove the time limitation, use the no form of this command.

periodic days-of-the-week hh:mm to [days-of-the-week] hh:mm

no periodic days-of-the-week hh:mm to [days-of-the-week] hh:mm

Syntax Description

days-of-the-week

The first occurrence of this argument is the starting day or day of the week that the associated time range is in effect. The second occurrence is the ending day or day of the week the associated statement is in effect.

This argument can be any single day or combinations of days: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. Other possible values are:

daily --Monday through Sunday
weekdays --Monday through Friday
weekend --Saturday and Sunday

If the ending days of the week are the same as the starting days of the week, they can be omitted.

hh:mm

The first occurrence of this argument is the starting hours:minutes that the associated time range is in effect. The second occurrence is the ending hours:minutes the associated statement is in effect.

The hours:minutes are expressed in a 24-hour clock. For example, 8:00 is 8:00 a.m. and 20:00 is 8:00 p.m.

Entry of the to keyword is required to complete the range "from start-time to end-time."

Command Default

No recurring time range is defined.

Command Modes

Time-range configuration (config-time-range)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(1)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

For Cisco IOS Release 12.2(11)T, IP and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) extended access lists are the only functions that can use time ranges. For further information on using these functions, refer to the Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide and the Cisco IOS AppleTalk and Novell IPX Configuration Guide.

The periodiccommand is one way to specify when a time range is in effect. Another way is to specify an absolute time period with the absolute command. Use either of these commands after the time-range global configuration command, which specifies the name of the time range. Multiple periodicentries are allowed per time-range command.

If the end days-of-the-week value is the same as the start value, they can be omitted.

If a time-range command has both absolute and periodic values specified, then the periodic items are evaluated only after the absolute start time is reached, and are not further evaluated after the absolute end time is reached.

Note

All time specifications are taken as local time. To ensure that the time range entries take effect at the desired times, you should synchronize the system software clock using Network Time Protocol (NTP).

The table below lists some typical settings for your convenience:

Table 5

Typical Examples of periodic Command Syntax

If you want:	Configure this:
Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. only	periodic weekday 8:00 to 18:00
Every day of the week, from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. only	periodic daily 8:00 to 18:00
Every minute from Monday 8:00 a.m. to Friday 8:00 p.m.	periodic monday 8:00 to friday 20:00
All weekend, from Saturday morning through Sunday night	periodic weekend 00:00 to 23:59
Saturdays and Sundays, from noon to midnight	periodic weekend 12:00 to 23:59

Examples

The following example configuration denies HTTP traffic on Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.:

Router# show startup-config
 
.
.
.
time-range no-http
 periodic weekdays 8:00 to 18:00
!
ip access-list extended strict
 deny tcp any any eq http time-range no-http
!
interface ethernet 0
 ip access-group strict in
.
.
.

The following example configuration permits Telnet traffic on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Fridays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.:

Router# show startup-config
 
.
.
.
time-range testing
 periodic Monday Tuesday Friday 9:00 to 17:00
!
ip access-list extended legal
 permit tcp any any eq telnet time-range testing
!
interface ethernet 0
 ip access-group legal in
.
.
.

Related Commands

Command	Description
absolute	Specifies an absolute start and end time for a time range.
access-list (extended)	Defines an extended IP access list.
deny (IP)	Sets conditions under which a packet does not pass a named IP access list.
permit (IP)	Sets conditions under which a packet passes a named IP access list.
time-range	Enables time-range configuration mode and names a time range definition.

ping

To diagnose basic network connectivity on AppleTalk, ATM, Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), DECnet, IP, Novell IPX, or source-route bridging (SRB) networks, use the ping command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

ping [[protocol [tag] ]{host-name | system-address}]

Syntax Description

protocol	(Optional) Protocol keyword, either appletalk, atm, clns, decnet, ipx, or srb. If a protocol is not specified, a basic ping will be sent using IP (IPv4). For extended options for ping over IP, see the documentation for the ping ip command. The ping atm interface atm, ping ip, ping ipv6, ping sna, and ping vrfcommands are documented separately.
tag	(Optional) Specifies a tag encapsulated IP (tagIP) ping.
host-name	Hostname of the system to ping. If a host-name or system-address is not specified at the command line, it will be required in the ping system dialog.
system-address	Address of the system to ping. If a host-name or system-address is not specified at the command line, it will be required in the ping system dialog.

Command Default

This command has no default values.

Command Modes

User EXEC (>) Privileged EXEC (#)

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.0(7)T	The ping sna command was introduced.
12.1(12c)E	The ping vrf command was introduced.
12.2(2)T	Support for the IPv6 protocol was added.
12.2(13)T	The atmprotocol keyword was added. The following keywords were removed because the Apollo Domain, Banyan VINES, and XNS protocols are no longer supported in Cisco IOS software: apollo vines xns
12.2(28)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(28)SB.
12.2(25)SG	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)SG.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
12.2(33)SXH	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXH.
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1	This command was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers.

Usage Guidelines

The ping command sends an echo request packet to an address then waits for a reply. Ping output can help you evaluate path-to-host reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached or is functioning. For example, the ping clns command sends International Organization for Standardization (ISO) CLNS echo packets to test the reachability of a remote router over a connectionless Open System Interconnection (OSI) network.

If you enter the ping command without any keywords or argument values, an interactive system dialog prompts you for the additional syntax appropriate to the protocol you specify. (See the "Examples" section.)

To exit the interactive ping dialog before responding to all the prompts, type the escape sequence. The default escape sequence is Ctrl-^, X (Simultaneously press and release the Ctrl, Shift, and 6 keys and then press the X key). The escape sequence will vary depending on your line configuration. For example, another commonly used escape sequence is Ctrl-c.

The table below describes the test characters sent by the pingfacility.

Table 6

ping Test Characters

Character

Description

Each exclamation point indicates receipt of a reply.

Each period indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply.

A destination unreachable error protocol data unit (PDU) was received.

A reply packet does not validate the reply data, and hence is marked "Corrupted".

Note

This character will only appear if the "validate" option is selected in the ping request.

User interrupted test.

A destination unreachable error protocol data unit (PDU) was received (Type 3) MTU required but DF bit set (code 4) with the "Next-Hop MTU" set to a non-zero value. If the "Next-hop MTU" is zero then 'U' is printed.

Unknown packet type.

Packet lifetime exceeded.

Note

Not all protocols require hosts to support pings. For some protocols, the pings are Cisco defined and can be answered only by another Cisco router.

The availability of protocol keywords depends on what protocols are enabled on your system.

Issuing the ping command in user EXEC mode will generally offer fewer syntax options than issuing the ping command in privileged EXEC mode.

Examples

After you enter the ping command in privileged EXEC mode, the system prompts you for a protocol keyword. The default protocol is IP.

If you enter a hostname or address on the same line as the ping command, the default action is taken as appropriate for the protocol type of that name or address.

The following example is sample dialog from the ping command using default values. The specific dialog varies somewhat from protocol to protocol.

Router# ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.7.27
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.7.27, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent, round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms

The table below describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 7

ping Field Descriptions for IP

Field	Description
Protocol [ip]:	Prompt for a supported protocol. Default: ip.
Target IP address:	Prompt for the IP address or hostname of the destination node you plan to ping. If you have specified a supported protocol other than IP, enter an appropriate address for that protocol here. Default: none.
Repeat count [5]:	Number of ping packets that will be sent to the destination address. Default: 5.
Datagram size [100]:	Size of the ping packet (in bytes). Default: 100 bytes.
Timeout in seconds [2]:	Timeout interval. Default: 2 (seconds).
Extended commands [n]:	Specifies whether a series of additional commands appears.
Sweep range of sizes [n]:	Allows you to vary the sizes of the echo packets being sent. This capability is useful for determining the minimum sizes of the maximum transmission units (MTUs) configured on the nodes along the path to the destination address. Packet fragmentation contributing to performance problems can then be reduced.
!!!!!	Each exclamation point (!) indicates receipt of a reply. A period (.) indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply. Other characters may appear in the ping output display, depending on the protocol type.
Success rate is 100 percent	Percentage of packets successfully echoed back to the router. Anything less than 80 percent is usually considered problematic.
round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms	Round-trip travel time intervals for the protocol echo packets, including minimum/average/maximum (in milliseconds).

The following example verifies connectivity to the neighboring ATM device for the ATM permanent virtual circuit (PVC) with the virtual path identifier (VPI)/virtual channel identifier (VCI) value 0/16:

Router# ping
 
Protocol [ip]:atm
 
ATM Interface:atm1/0
 
VPI value [0]:
VCI value [1]:16
 
Loopback - End(0), Segment(1) [0]:1
 
Repeat Count [5]:
Timeout [2]:
Type escape sequence to abort. 
Sending 5, 53-byte segment OAM echoes, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!! 
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

The table below describes the default ping fields shown in the display.

Table 8

ping Field Descriptions for ATM

Field	Description
Protocol [ip]:	Prompt for a supported protocol. Default: ip.
ATM Interface:	Prompt for the ATM interface.
VPI value [0]:	Prompt for the virtual path identifier. Default: 0.
VCI value [1]:	Prompt for the virtual channel identifier. Default:1.
Loopback - End(0), Segment(1) [0]:	Prompt to specify end loopback, which verifies end-to-end PVC integrity, or segment loopback, which verifies PVC integrity to the neighboring ATM device. Default: segment loopback.
Repeat Count [5]:	Number of ping packets that will be sent to the destination address. Default: 5.
Timeout [2]:	Timeout interval. Default: 2 (seconds).
!!!!!	Each exclamation point (!) indicates receipt of a reply. A period (.) indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply. Other characters may appear in the ping output display, depending on the protocol type.
Success rate is 100 percent	Percentage of packets successfully echoed back to the router. Anything less than 80 percent is usually considered problematic.
round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms	Round-trip travel time intervals for the protocol echo packets, including minimum/average/maximum (in milliseconds).

Related Commands

Command	Description
ping atm interface atm	Tests the connectivity of a specific PVC.
ping ip	Tests network connectivity on IP networks.
ping ipv6	Tests the connection to a remote host on the network using IPv6.
ping sna	Tests network integrity and timing characteristics over an SNA Switching network.
ping vrf	Tests the connection in the context of a specific VPN (VRF).

ping (privileged)

To diagnose basic network connectivity on Apollo, AppleTalk, Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), DECnet, IP, Novell IPX, VINES, or XNS networks, use the pingcommand in privileged EXEC command mode.

ping [hostname | system-address | [protocol | tag] {hostname | system-address}] [data [hex-data-pattern] | df-bit | repeat [repeat-count] | size [datagram-size] | source [source-address | async | bvi | ctunnel | dialer | ethernet | fastethernet | lex | loopback | multilink | null | port-channel | tunnel | vif | virtual-template | virtual-tokenring | xtagatm] | timeout [seconds] | validate]

Syntax Description

hostname	(Optional) Hostname of the system to ping.
system-address	(Optional) Address of the system to ping.
protocol	(Optional) Protocol to use for the ping. Valid values are: apollo, appletalk, clns, decnet, ethernet, ip, ipv6, ipx, srb, vines, xns.
tag	(Optional) Specifies a tag encapsulated IP ping.
data	(Optional) Specifies the data pattern.
hex-data-pattern	(Optional) Hexidecimal value of the data in the range of 0 to FFFF.
df-bit	(Optional) Enables the "do not fragment" bit in the IP header.
repeat	(Optional) Specifies the number of times the ping should be sent.
repeat-count	(Optional) Integer in the range of 1 to 2147483647. The default is 5.
size	(Optional) Size, in bytes, of the ping datagram.
datagram-size	(Optional) Integer in the range of 40 to 18024.
source	(Optional) Device sending the ping
source-address	(Optional) Address or name of the device sending the ping.
async	(Optional) Asynchronous interface.
bvi	(Optional) Bridge-Group Virtual interface.
ctunnel	(Optional) CTunnel interface.
dialer	(Optional) Dialer interface.
ethernet	(Optional) Ethernet IEEE 802.3 interface.
fastethernet	(Optional) FastEthernet IEEE 802.3 interface.
lex	(Optional) Lex interface.
loopback	(Optional) Loopback interface.
multilink	(Optional) Multilink-group interface.
null	(Optional) Null interface.
port-channel	(Optional) Ethernet channel of interfaces.
tunnel	(Optional) Tunnel interface
vif	(Optional) Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) host interface
virtual-template	(Optional) Virtual Template interface.
virtual-tokenring	(Optional) Virtual TokenRing.
xtagatm	(Optional) Extended Tag ATM interface.
timeout	(Optional) Specifies the timeout interval in seconds.
seconds	(Optional) Integer in the range of 0 to 3600. The default is 2.
validate	(Optional) Validates the reply data.

Command Default

A ping operation is not performed.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.0	The following keywords were added in Cisco IOS Release 12.0: data, df-bit, repeat, size, source, timeout, validate.
12.2(33)SRA	The ethernet option for protocol was added in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

The ping (packet internet groper) command tests the reachability of a remote router over a connectionless Open System Interconnection (OSI) network. The command sends ISO CLNS echo packets to an address and waits for a reply. Ping output can help you evaluate path-to-host reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached or is functioning.

When you type the ping command, you are prompted to enter options before the ping command executes. The characters in brackets ([]) indicate default values. When you want to use a default value, press Enter on your keyboard.

If you enter a hostname or system address when you enter the ping command, the default action is taken for the protocol type of that hostname or system address.

The optional data, df-bit, repeat, size, source, timeout, and validate keywords can be used to prevent extended ping command output. You can use as many of these keywords as you need, and you can use them in any order after the hostname or system-address arguments.

When you enter the ethernet protocol option, you will be prompted to enter MAC address and maintenance domain in addition to the information common across protocols.

To terminate a ping session before it completes, type the escape sequence (Ctrl-^ X) by simultaneously pressing and releasing the Ctrl, Shift, and 6 keys and then pressing the X key.

Note

Not all protocols require hosts to support pings. For some protocols, the pings are defined by Cisco and answered only by a Cisco router.

The table below describes the test characters that the ping operation uses.

Table 9

ping Command Response Characters and Their Meanings

Character

Description

Receipt of a reply.

Network server timed out while waiting for a reply.

Destination unreachable error protocol data unit (PDU) was received.

A reply packet does not validate the reply data, and hence is marked "Corrupted".

Note

This character will only appear if the "validate" option is selected in the ping request.

User interrupted test.

Unknown packet type.

Packet lifetime exceeded.

Examples

The following example shows a ping command and output. The precise dialog varies from protocol to protocol, but all are similar to the ping session shown here using default values.

Router# 
ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.7.27
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.7.27, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent, round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms

The following example shows how to send a ping specifying the ethernet protocol option, MAC address, and maintenance domain and using the default values for the remaining parameters:

Router# ping

Protocol [ip]: ethernet

Mac Address : aabb.cc00.0410

Maintenance Domain : DOMAIN_PROVIDER_L5_1 VLAN [0]: 2 Source MPID [1522]:

Repeat Count [5]:

Datagram Size [107]:

Timeout in seconds [2]:

Sweep range of sizes [n]:

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5 Ethernet CFM loopback messages, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/8 ms.

Related Commands

Command	Description
ping ethernet	Sends Ethernet CFM loopback messages to a destination MAC address.
ping (user)	Tests the connection to a remote host on the network.
ping vrf	Tests the connection to a remote device in a VPN.

ping ip

To test network connectivity on IP networks, use the ping ip command inprivileged EXEC mode.

ping ip {host-name | ip-address} [data [hex-data-pattern] | df-bit | repeat [repeat-count] | tos [service value] | size [datagram-size] source {source-address | source-interface}] [timeout seconds] [validate] [verbose]

Syntax Description

host-name	Host name of the system to ping.
system-address	Address of the system to ping.
data hex-data-pattern	(Optional) Specifies the data pattern. Range is from 0 to FFFF.
df-bit	(Optional) Enables the "do-not-fragment" bit in the IP header.
repeat repeat-count	(Optional) Specifies the number of pings sent. The range is from 1 to 2147483647. The default is 5.
tos service value	(Optional) Specifies the type of service value. The range is from 1 to 255.
size	(Optional) Specifies the datagram size. Datagram size is the number of bytes in each ping.
datagram-size	(Optional) Range is from 40 to 18024.
source	(Optional) Specifies the source address or source interface.
source-address	(Optional) IP address to use as the source in the ping packets.
source-interface	(Optional) Name of the interface from which the ping should be sent, and the Interface ID (slot/port/number). Interface name keywords include the following: async ( Asynchronous Interface) bvi ( Bridge-Group Virtual Interface) ctunnel dialer ethernet fastEthernet lex loopback multilink ( Multilink-group interface) null port-channel ( Ethernet channel of interfaces) tunnel vif ( PGM Multicast Host interface) virtual-template virtual-tokenring xtagatm (Extended Tag ATM interface) The availability of these keywords depends on your system hardware.
timeout seconds	(Optional) Specifies the timeout interval in seconds. The default is 2 seconds. Range is from 0 to 3600.
validate	(Optional) Validates the reply data.
verbose	(Optional) Enables verbose output, which lists individual ICMP packets, as well as Echo Responses.

Command Modes

Privileged Exec

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.0	The data, df-bit, repeat, size, source, timeout, and validate keywords were added.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
15.2(02)S	The tos keyword was added.

Usage Guidelines

The ping command sends an echo request packet to an address, then awaits a reply. Ping output can help you evaluate path-to-host reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached or is functioning.

To abnormally terminate a ping session, type the escape sequence--by default, Ctrl-^ X. You type the default by simultaneously pressing and releasing the Ctrl, Shift, and 6 keys, and then pressing the X key.

The table below describes the test characters that the ping facility sends.

Table 10

ping Test Characters

Character

Description

Each exclamation point indicates receipt of a reply.

Each period indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply.

A destination unreachable error protocol data unit (PDU) was received.

A reply packet does not validate the reply data, and hence is marked "Corrupted".

Note

This character will only appear if the "validate" option is selected in the ping request.

User interrupted test.

Unknown packet type.

Packet lifetime exceeded.

Note

Not all protocols require hosts to support pings. For some protocols, the pings are Cisco-defined and are only answered by another Cisco router.

Examples

After you enter the ping command in privileged mode, the system prompts you for a protocol keyword.The default protocol is IP.

If you enter a host name or address on the same line as the ping command, the default action is taken as appropriate for the protocol type of that name or address.

The optional data, df-bit, repeat, size, source, timeout, and validate keywords can be used to avoid extended ping command output. You can use as many of these keywords as you need, and you can use them in any order after the host-name or system-address arguments.

Although the precise dialog varies somewhat from protocol to protocol, all are similar to the ping session using default values shown in the following output:

Router# ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.7.27
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.7.27, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent, round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms

The table below describes the default ping fields shown in the display.

Table 11

ping Field Descriptions

Field	Description
Protocol [ip]:	Prompts for a supported protocol. The default is IP.
Target IP address:	Prompts for the IP address or host name of the destination node you plan to ping. If you have specified a supported protocol other than IP, enter an appropriate address for that protocol here. The default is none.
Repeat count [5]:	Prompts for the number of ping packets that will be sent to the destination address. The default is 5 packets.
Datagram size [100]:	Prompts for the size of the ping packet (in bytes). The default is 100 bytes.
Timeout in seconds [2]:	Prompts for the timeout interval. The default is 2 seconds.
Extended commands [n]:	Specifies whether a series of additional commands appears.
Sweep range of sizes [n]:	Allows you to vary the sizes of the echo packets being sent. This capability is useful for determining the minimum sizes of the MTUs configured on the nodes along the path to the destination address. Packet fragmentation contributing to performance problems can then be reduced.
!!!!!	Each exclamation point ( !) indicates receipt of a reply. A p eriod ( .) indicates that the network server timed out while waiting for a reply. Other characters may appear in the ping output display, depending on the protocol type.
Success rate is 100 percent	Indicates the percentage of packets successfully echoed back to the router. Anything less than 80 percent is usually considered problematic.
round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms	Indicates the round-trip travel time intervals for the protocol echo packets, including minimum/average/maximum (in milliseconds).

Related Commands

Command	Description
ping ipv6	Tests the connection to a remote host on the network using IPv6.
ping vrf	Tests the connection in the context of a specific VPN (VRF).

ping srb

To test network connectivity for Source Route Bridging (SRB) networks, use the ping srb command in privileged EXEC mode.

ping srb name

Syntax Description

name	Destination IP address or hostname.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC (#)

Command History

Release	Modification
15.0(1)M	This command was introduced in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M.
12.2(33)SRE	This command was integrated into a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRE.
12.2(33)SXI	This command was integrated into a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXI.
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 and implemented on the Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Routers.

Examples

The following example shows how to ping the target host of IP address 192.0.2.1:

Router# ping srb 192.0.2.1

Related Commands

Command	Description
ping ip	Tests network connectivity on IP networks.

ping vrf

To test a connection in the context of a specific VPN connection, use the ping vrf command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

ping vrf vrf-name [tag] [connection] target-address [connection-options]

Syntax Description

vrf-name	The name of the VPN (VRF context).
tag	(Optional) Specifies a tag encapsulated IP (tagIP) ping.
connection	(Optional) Connection options include atm, clns, decnet, ip, ipv6, ipx, sna, or srb. The default is ip.
target-address	The destination ID for the ping operation. Usually, this is the IPv4 address of the host. For example, the target for an IPv4 ping in a VRF context would be the IPv4 address or domain name of the target host. The target for an IPv6 ping in a VRF context would be the IPv6 prefix or domain name of the target host. If the target address is not specified, the CLI will enter the interactive dialog for ping.
connection-options	(Optional) Each connection type may have its own set of connection options. For example, connection options for IPv4 are source, df-bit, and timeout. See the appropriate ping command documentation for details.

Command Default

The default connection type for ping is IPv4.

Command Modes

User EXEC

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.1(12c)E, 12.2	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
12.2(33)SB	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SB.
12.2(33)SXI	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SXI.
12.2(33)SCF	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SCF.

Usage Guidelines

A VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance is used to identify a VPN. To check if a configured VRF is working, you can use the ping vrf command.

When attempting to ping from a provider edge (PE) router to a customer edge (CE) router, or from a PE router to PE router, the standard ping command will not usually work. The ping vrf command allows you to ping the IP addresses of LAN interfaces on CE routers.

If you are on a PE router, be sure to indicate the specific VRF (VPN) name, as shown in the "Examples" section.

If all required information is not provided at the command line, the system will enter the interactive dialog (extended mode) for ping.

Examples

In the following example, the target host in the domain 209.165.201.1 is pinged (using IP/ICMP) in the context of the "CustomerA" VPN connection.

Router# ping vrf CustomerA 209.165.201.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 209.165.201.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 176/264/576 ms

Pressing the Enter key before providing all of the required options will begin the interactive dialog for ping. In the following example, the interactive dialog is started after the "ip" protocol is specified, but no address is given:

Router# ping vrf CustomerB ip
 
Target IP address: 209.165.200.225
Repeat count [5]: 
Datagram size [100]: 
Timeout in seconds [2]: 
Extended commands [n]: y 
Source address or interface: 
Type of service [0]: 
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: 
Validate reply data? [no]: 
Data pattern [0xABCD]: 
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: Record
 
Number of hops [ 9 ]: 
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[RV]: 
Sweep range of sizes [n]: 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 209.165.200.225, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet has IP options:  Total option bytes= 39, padded length=40
 Record route: <*>
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
   (0.0.0.0)
 .
 .
 .
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms

The following example shows the various options for IP in the ping vrf command:

Router# show parser dump exec | include ping vrf
 
1 ping vrf <string>
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip (interactive) 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> source <address> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> source <interface> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> repeat <1-2147483647> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> size Number 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> df-bit 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> validate 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> data <0-65535> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> timeout <0-3600> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> verbose 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> data <0-65535> 
1 ping vrf <string> ip <string> timeout <0-3600> 
1 ping vrf <string> tag 
1 ping vrf <string> atm 
1 ping vrf <string> ipv6 
1 ping vrf <string> appletalk 
1 ping vrf <string> decnet 
1 ping vrf <string> clns 
1 ping vrf <string> ipx 
1 ping vrf <string> sna 
1 ping vrf <string> srb

Cisco CMTS Routers: Example

The following example shows how to verify the matching and marking configuration in an MPLS network:

Router# ping vrf vrfa 1.3.99.98
 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.3.99.98, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/10/20 ms

Related Commands

Command	Description
ping	Diagnoses basic network connectivity to a specific host.
ping atm interface atm	Tests the connectivity of a specific PVC.
ping ip	Tests the connection to a remote host on the network using IPv4.
ping ipv6	Tests the connection to a remote host on the network using IPv6.
ping sna	Tests network integrity and timing characteristics over an SNA Switching network.

platform shell

To grant shell access and enter shell access grant configuration mode, use the platform shellcommand in global configuration mode. To disable this function, use the no form of this command.

platform shell

no platform shell

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

This command is disabled.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(33)XNC

Usage Guidelines

This command should be entered before using the request platform software system shell command.

Examples

The following example shows how to grant shell access:

Router(config)# platform shell
Router(config)#

Related Commands

Command	Description
request platform software system shell	Requests platform shelll access.

power enable

To turn on power for the modules, use the power enablecommand in global configuration mode. To power down a module, use the no form of this command.

power enable module slot

no power enable module slot

Syntax Description

module slot

Specifies a module slot number; see the "Usage Guidelines" section for valid values.

Command Default

Enabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(14)SX	Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 720.
12.2(17d)SXB	Support for this command on the Supervisor Engine 2 was extended to Release 12.2(17d)SXB.
12.2(18)SXD	This command was changed to allow you to disable power to empty slots.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

When you enter the no power enable module slot command to power down a module, the module's configuration is not saved.

When you enter the no power enable module slot command to power down an empty slot, the configuration is saved.

The slot argument designates the module number. Valid values for slotdepend on the chassis that is used. For example, if you have a 13-slot chassis, valid values for the module number are from 1 to 13.

Examples

This example shows how to turn on the power for a module that was previously powered down:

Router(config)# 
power enable module 5
Router(config)#

This example shows how to power down a module:

Router(config)# 
no power enable module 5
Router(config)#

Related Commands

Command	Description
show power	Displays information about the power status.

power redundancy-mode

To set the power-supply redundancy mode, use the power redundancy-mode command in global configuration mode.

power redundancy-mode {combined | redundant}

Syntax Description

combined	Specifies no redundancy (combine power-supply outputs).
redundant	Specifies redundancy (either power supply can operate the system).

Command Default

redundant

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(14)SX	Support for this command was introduced on the Supervisor Engine 720.
12.2(17d)SXB	Support for this command on the Supervisor Engine 2 was extended to Release 12.2(17d)SXB.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Examples

This example shows how to set the power supplies to the no-redundancy mode:

Router(config)# 
power redundancy-mode combined
Router(config)#

This example shows how to set the power supplies to the redundancy mode:

Router(config)# 
power redundancy-mode redundant
Router(config)#

Related Commands

Command	Description
show power	Displays information about the power status.

printer

To configure a printer and assign a server tty line (or lines) to it, use the printer command in global configuration mode. To disable printing on a tty line, use the no form of this command.

printer printer-name {line number | rotary number} [formfeed] [jobtimeout seconds] [newline-convert] [jobtypes type]

no printer printer-name

Syntax Description

printer-name	Printer name.
line number	Assigns a tty line to the printer. The numberargument can be any one of the following parameters: aux --Specifies the auxiliary line. console --Specifies the primary terminal line. slot / port --First slot and port numbers for the internal modems. tty number --Specifies the terminal controller value. tty-number --tty number, in the range 0 to 491. vty value --Specifies the virtual terminal value.
rotary number	Assigns a rotary group of tty lines to the printer.
formfeed	(Optional) Causes the Cisco IOS software to send a form-feed character (ASCII 0x0C) to the printer tty line immediately following each print job received from the network.
jobtimeout seconds	(Optional) Changes the default time for line acquisition. The range is from 1 to 3600 seconds.
newline-convert	(Optional) Converts newline (linefeed) characters to a two-character sequence "carriage-return, linefeed" (CR+LF).
jobtypes type	(Optional) Specifies allowed job types.

Command Default

No printers are defined.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.
15.0(1)M	This command was modified in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M. The jobtimeout seconds and jobtypes type keywords and arguments were added.

Usage Guidelines

This command enables you to configure a printer for operations and assign either a single tty line or a group of tty lines to it. To make multiple printers available through the same printer name, specify the number of a rotary group.

In addition to configuring the printer with the printer command, you must modify the file /etc/printcap on your UNIX system to include the definition of the remote printer in the Cisco IOS software. Refer to the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for additional information.

Use the optional newline-convert keyword in UNIX environments that cannot handle single-character line terminators. This converts newline characters to a carriage-return, linefeed sequence. Use the formfeed keyword when using the line printer daemon (lpd) protocol to print and your system is unable to separate individual output jobs with a form feed (page eject). You can enter the newline-convert and formfeed keywords together and in any order.

Examples

The following example shows how to configure a printer named printer1 and to assign the output to tty line 4:

Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# printer printer1 line 4

Related Commands

Command	Description
clear line	Returns a terminal line to idle state.

private

To save user EXEC command changes between terminal sessions, use the private command in line configuration mode. To restore the default condition, use the no form of this command.

private

no private

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Default

User-set configuration options are cleared with the exit EXEC command or when the interval set with the exec-timeout line configuration command has passed.

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

This command ensures that the terminal parameters set by the user remain in effect between terminal sessions. This behavior is desirable for terminals in private offices.

Examples

In the following example, line 15 (in this example, vty 1) is configured to keep all user-supplied settings at system restarts:

Router(config)# line 15
Router(config-line)# private

Related Commands

Command	Description
exec-timeout	Sets the interval that the EXEC command interpreter waits until user input is detected.
exit	Exits any configuration mode, or closes an active terminal session and terminates the EXEC.

privilege

To configure a new privilege level for users and associate commands with that privilege level, use the privilegecommand in global configuration mode. To reset the privilege level of the specified command or commands to the default and remove the privilege level configuration from the running configurationfile, use the noform of this command.

Note

As of Cisco IOS Releases 12.3(6) and 12.3(6)T, the no form of the privilege command and the reset keyword perform the same functions.

privilege mode [all] {level level | reset} command-string

no privilege mode [all] {level level | reset} command-string

Syntax Description

mode

Configuration mode for the specified command. See the mode Argument Options table in the "Usage Guidelines" section for a list of options for this argument.

all

(Optional) Changes the privilege level for all the suboptions to the same level.

level level

Specifies the privilege level you are configuring for the specified command or commands. The level argument must be a number from 0 to 15.

reset

Resets the privilege level of the specified command or commands to the default and removes the privilege level configuration from the running configuration file.

Note

For Cisco IOS software releases earlier than Release 12.3(6) and Release 12.3(6)T, you use the no form of this command to reset the privilege level to the default. The default form of this command will still appear in the configuration file. To completely remove a privilege configuration, use the reset keyword.

command-string

Command associated with the specified privilege level. If the all keyword is used, specifies the command and subcommands associated with the privilege level.

Command Default

User EXEC mode commands are privilege level 1.

Privileged EXEC mode and configuration mode commands are privilege level 15.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.0(22)S, 12.2(13)T	The all keyword was added.
12.3(6), 12.3(6)T	The no form of the command performs the same function as the reset keyword.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS release 12.(33)SRA.
12.2SX	This command is supported in the Cisco IOS Release 12.2SX train. Support in a specific 12.2SX release of this train depends on your feature set, platform, and platform hardware.

Usage Guidelines

The password for a privilege level defined using the privilegeglobal configuration command is configured using the enable secretcommand.

Level 0 can be used to specify a more-limited subset of commands for specific users or lines. For example, you can allow user "guest" to use only the show usersand exit commands.

Note

There are five commands associated with privilege level 0: disable, enable, exit, help, and logout. If you configure AAA authorization for a privilege level greater than 0, these five commands will not be included.

When you set the privilege level for a command with multiple words, note that the commands starting with the first word will also have the specified access level. For example, if you set the show ip route command to level 15, the show commands and show ipcommands are automatically set to privilege level 15--unless you set them individually to different levels. This is necessary because you can't execute, for example, the show ip command unless you have access to show commands.

To change the privilege level of a group of commands, use the all keyword. When you set a group of commands to a privilege level using the all keyword, all commands which match the beginning string are enabled for that level, and all commands which are available in submodes of that command are enabled for that level. For example, if you set the show ip keywords to level 5, show and ip will be changed to level 5 and all the options that follow the show ip string (such as show ip accounting, show ip aliases, show ip bgp, and so on) will be available at privilege level 5.

The table below shows some of the keyword options for the mode argument in the privilegecommand. The available mode keywords will vary depending on your hardware and software version. To see a list of available mode options on your system, use the privilege ?command.

Table 12

mode Argument Options

Command	Description
accept-dialin	VPDN group accept dialin configuration mode
accept-dialout	VPDN group accept dialout configuration mode
address-family	Address Family configuration mode
alps-ascu	ALPS ASCU configuration mode
alps-circuit	ALPS circuit configuration mode
atm-bm-config	ATM bundle member configuration mode
atm-bundle-config	ATM bundle configuration mode
atm-vc-config	ATM virtual circuit configuration mode
atmsig_e164_table_mode	ATMSIG E164 Table
cascustom	Channel-associated signalling (cas) custom configuration mode
config-rtr-http	RTR HTTP raw request Configuration
configure	Global configuration mode
controller	Controller configuration mode
crypto-map	Crypto map config mode
crypto-transform	Crypto transform config modeCrypto transform configuration mode
dhcp	DHCP pool configuration mode
dspfarm	DSP farm configuration mode
exec	Exec mode
flow-cache	Flow aggregation cache configuration mode
gateway	Gateway configuration mode
interface	Interface configuration mode
interface-dlci	Frame Relay DLCI configuration mode
ipenacl	IP named extended access-list configuration mode
ipsnacl	IP named simple access-list configuration mode
ip-vrf	Configure IP VRF parameters
lane	ATM Lan Emulation Lecs Configuration Table
line	Line configuration mode
map-class	Map class configuration mode
map-list	Map list configuration mode
mpoa-client	MPOA Client
mpoa-server	MPOA Server
null-interface	Null interface configuration mode
preaut	AAA Preauth definitions
request-dialin	VPDN group request dialin configuration mode
request-dialout	VPDN group request dialout configuration mode
route-map	Route map configuration mode
router	Router configuration mode
rsvp_policy_local
rtr	RTR Entry Configuration
sg-radius	RADIUS server group definition
sg-tacacs+	TACACS+ server group
sip-ua	SIP UA configuration mode
subscriber-policy	Subscriber policy configuration mode
tcl	Tcl mode
tdm-conn	TDM connection configuration mode
template	Template configuration mode
translation-rule	Translation Rule configuration mode
vc-class	VC class configuration mode
voiceclass	Voice Class configuration mode
voiceport	Voice configuration mode
voipdialpeer	Dial Peer configuration mode
vpdn-group	VPDN group configuration mode

Examples

The following example shows how to set the configure command to privilege level 14 and establish SecretPswd14 as the password users must enter to use level 14 commands:

privilege exec level 14 configure
enable secret level 14 SecretPswd14

The following example shows how to set the showand ipkeywords to level 5. The suboptions coming under ip will also be allowed to users with privilege level 5 access:

Router(config)# privilege exec all level 5 show ip

The following two examples demonstate the difference in behavior between the no form of the command and the use of the reset keyword when using Cisco IOS software releases earlier than Releases 12.3(6) and Release 12.3(6)T.

Note

As of Cisco IOS Releases 12.3(6) and 12.3(6)T, the no form of the privilege command and the reset keyword perform the same functions.

! show currently configured privilege commands
Router# show running-config | include priv
 
privilege configure all level 3 interface
privilege exec level 3 configure terminal
privilege exec level 3 configure
Router# configure terminal
 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# no privilege exec level 3 configure terminal
Router(config)# end
! show currently configured privilege commands
Router# show running-config | include priv
privilege configure all level 3 interface
privilege exec level 15 configure terminal
privilege exec level 15 configure

Note that in the show running-configoutput above, the privilege command for "configure terminal" still appears, but now has the default privilege level assigned.

To remove a previously configured privilege command entirely from the configuration, use the reset keyword, as shown in the following example:

! show currently configured privilege commands
Router# show running-config | include priv
 
privilege configure all level 3 interface
privilege exec level 3 configure terminal
privilege exec level 3 configure
Router# configure terminal
 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# privilege exec reset configure terminal 
Router(config)#
Router# show running-config | include priv
 
privilege configure all level 3 interface
Router#

Related Commands

Command	Description
enable password	Sets a local password to control access to various privilege levels.
enable secret	Specifies an additional layer of security over the enable password command.
privilege level	Sets the default privilege level for a line.

process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage

To set the process entry limit and the size of the history table for CPU utilization statistics, use the process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage command in global configuration mode. To disable CPU utilization statistics, use the no form of this command.

process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage number [size seconds]

no process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage

Syntax Description

number	Integer from 1 to 100 that indicates the percentage of CPU utilization that a process must use to become part of the history table.
size seconds	(Optional) Changes the duration of time in seconds for which CPU statistics are stored in the history table. Valid values are 5 to 86400. The default is 600.

Command Default

size seconds: 600 seconds

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(26)S	This command was introduced.
12.3(4)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.3(4)T.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

Use the process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage command to set the entry limit and size of CPU utilization statistics.

Examples

The following example shows how to set an entry limit at 40 percent and a size of 300 seconds:

configure terminal
!
process cpu statistics limit entry-percentage 40 size 300
end

Related Commands

Command	Description
process cpu threshold type	Defines CPU usage thresholds that, when crossed, cause a CPU threshold notification.
snmp-server enable traps cpu	Enables CPU threshold violations traps.
snmp-server host	Specifies the recipient of SNMP notifications.

process cpu threshold type

To set CPU thresholding notification types and values, use the process cpu threshold type command in global configuration mode. To disable CPU thresholding notifications, use the no form of this command.

process cpu threshold type {total | process | interrupt} rising percentage interval seconds [falling fall-percentage interval seconds]

no process cpu threshold type {total | process | interrupt}

Syntax Description

total	Sets the CPU threshold type to total CPU utilization.
process	Sets the CPU threshold type to CPU process utilization.
interrupt	Sets the CPU threshold type to CPU interrupt utilization.
rising percentage	The percentage (1 to 100) of CPU resources that, when exceeded for the configured interval, triggers a CPU thresholding notification.
interval seconds	The duration of the CPU threshold violation, in seconds (5 to 86400), that must be met to trigger a CPU thresholding notification.
falling fall-percentage	(Optional) The percentage (1 to 100) of CPU resources that, when usage falls below this level for the configured interval, triggers a CPU thresholding notification. This value must be equal to or less than the rising percentage value. If not specified, the falling fall-percentage value is set to the same value as the rising percentage value.

Command Default

CPU thresholding notifications are disabled.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(26)S	This command was introduced.
12.3(4)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.3(4)T.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

This command defines CPU usage thresholds that, when crossed, cause a CPU thresholding notification. When this command is enabled, Cisco IOS software polls the system at the configured interval. Notification occurs in two situations:

When a configured CPU usage threshold is exceeded (rising percentage)
When CPU usage falls below the configured threshold (falling fall-percentage)

Examples

The following example shows how to set the total CPU utilization notification threshold at 80 percent for a rising threshold notification and 20 percent for a falling threshold notification, with a 5-second polling interval:

configure terminal
!
process cpu threshold type total rising 80 interval 5 falling 20 interval 5
end

Related Commands

Command	Description
process cpu statistics limit entry	Sets the entry limit and size of CPU utilization statistics.
snmp-server enable traps cpu	Enables CPU threshold violations traps.
snmp-server host	Specifies the recipient of SNMP notifications.

process-max-time

To configure the amount of time after which a process should voluntarily yield to another process, use the process-max-timecommand in global configuration mode. To reset this value to the system default, use the no form of this command.

process-max-time milliseconds

no process-max-time milliseconds

Syntax Description

milliseconds

Maximum duration (in milliseconds) that a process can run before suspension. The range is from 20to 200 milliseconds.

Command Default

The default maximum process time is 200 milliseconds.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.1	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

Lowering the maximum time a process can run is useful in some circumstances to ensure equitable division of CPU time among different tasks.

Only use this command if recommended to do so by the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC).

Examples

The following example limits the duration that a process will run to 100 milliseconds:

Router(config)# process-max-time 100

prompt

To customiz e the CLI prompt, use the promptcommand in global configuration mode. To revert to the default prompt, use the noform of this command.

prompt string

no prompt [string]

Syntax Description

string

Text that will be displayed on screen as the CLI prompt, including any desired prompt variables.

Command Default

The default prompt is either Router or the name defined with the hostname global configuration command, followed by an angle bracket (>) for user EXEC mode or a pound sign (#) for privileged EXEC mode.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

You can include customized variables when specifying the prompt. All prompt variables are preceded by a percent sign (%). The table below lists the available prompt variables.

Table 13

Custom Prompt Variables

Prompt Variable	Interpretation
%h	Host name. This is either Router or the name defined with the hostname global configuration command.
%n	Physical terminal line (tty) number of the EXEC user.
%p	Prompt character itself. It is either an angle bracket (>) for user EXEC mode or a pound sign (#) for privileged EXEC mode.
%s	Space.
%t	Tab.
%%	Percent sign (%)

Issuing the prompt %h command has the same effect as issuing the no prompt command.

Examples

The following example changes the EXEC prompt to include the tty number, followed by the name and a space:

Router(config)# prompt TTY%n@%h%s%p

The following are examples of user and privileged EXEC prompts that result from the previous command:

TTY17@Router1 > enable
TTY17@Router1 #

Related Commands

Command	Description
hostname	Specifies or modifies the host name for the network server.

prompt config

To configure the system's prompt for configuration mode, use the prompt config command in global configuration mode. To disable the configuration, use the no form of this command.

prompt config hostname-length number

no prompt [config]

Syntax Description

hostname-length	Sets the length of the hostname in the configuration prompt.
number	Maximum length of the hostname. The range is from 0 to 80.

Command Default

The system's prompt is not configured for configuration mode.

Command Modes

Global configuration (config)

Command History

Release	Modification
15.0(1)M	This command was introduced in a release earlier than Cisco IOS Release 15.0(1)M.

Examples

This example shows how to configure the system's prompt for configuration mode:

Router(config)#
 prompt config hostname-length 4

Related Commands

Command	Description
prompt	Customizes the CLI prompt.

pwd

To show the current setting of the cd command, use the pwd command in EXEC mode.

pwd

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

User EXEC

Priviledged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(33)SRA	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRA.

Usage Guidelines

Use the pwd command to show which directory or file system is specified as the default by the cd command. For all EXEC commands that have an optional filesystemargument, the system uses the file system specified by the cd command when you omit the optional filesystemargument.

For example, the dir command contains an optional filesystemargument and displays a list of files on a particular file system. When you omit this filesystemargument, the system shows a list of the files on the file system specified by the cd command.

Examples

The following example shows that the present working file system specified by the cd command is slot 0:

Router> pwd
slot0:/

The following example uses the cd command to change the present file system to slot 1 and then uses the pwd command to display that present working file system:

Router> cd slot1:
 
Router> pwd
 
slot1:/

Related Commands

Command	Description
cd	Changes the default directory or file system.
dir	Displays a list of files on a file system.