本文描述如何對一個或多個交換機介面進行故障排除,這些介面在開啟和關閉之間反複更改狀態(埠擺動或鏈路擺動),從而導致連線中斷。
含銅纜或光纖上行鏈路/下行鏈路的Cisco Catalyst 9000系列交換機。在接入埠、上行鏈路和(如果存在)可行動網路模組埠上可能發生此問題。物理路徑可以包括配線面板、終端裝置和光纖收發器。
常見原因包括纜線錯誤或不受支援、小型封裝熱插拔(SFP)或小型封裝熱插拔(SFP+)收發器不支援或發生故障、雙工或交涉不相符、終端省電行為以及其他實體層故障。
按照本文中的故障排除工作流程確認日誌中的波動、驗證物理連線和光纖、檢視介面計數器,並在適用時運行純銅的TDR或純光纖DOM檢查。
本文件沒有特定需求。
本檔案中的資訊是根據Cisco Catalyst 9000系列交換器。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
交換器上的實體介面反複開啟和關閉時,就會發生連線埠翻動,也稱為連結翻動。常見的原因包括纜線故障、不受支援或非標準、不受支援的小型封裝熱插撥(SFP)收發器以及其他連結同步問題。條件可以是間歇性的或永久性的。
由於連結翻動往往是實體問題,因此本檔案介紹如何診斷Cisco Catalyst 9000系列交換器上的問題、收集有用的記錄以及連線埠翻動疑難排解。
使用此工作流程可以查明埠擺動的最常見原因。從步驟1開始,按順序繼續。僅當連結型別和症狀匹配時才運行可選步驟。
每個部分都包含一個簡短說明,指明何時使用它。
當物理訪問可用時,使用此部分。檢查計數器或運行其他診斷程式之前,驗證網路模組、電纜以及SFP或SFP+收發器是否正確安裝。
當存在可行動網路模組時,請使用此參考。下表說明在Cisco Catalyst 9000系列交換機中安裝網路模組的最佳實踐:
| 平台 |
URL |
| Catalyst 9200 系列交換器 |
|
| Catalyst 9300 系列交換器 |
|
| Catalyst 9400 系列交換器 |
|
| Catalyst 9500 系列交換器 |
|
| Catalyst 9600 系列交換器 |
在日誌中確認翻動後使用此部分。這些表說明了連結翻動的常見纜線相關原因以及建議的復原動作。
| 原因 |
恢復操作 |
| 纜線故障 |
將懷疑有問題的電纜換成已知良好的電纜。查詢聯結器上的針腳損壞或丟失。 |
| 連線鬆動 |
重新拔插電纜。卸下接頭並重新插入,確保它完全就位。 |
| 跳線面板 |
消除有故障的配線面板連線。如果可能,請繞過配線面板以將其排除。 |
| SFP錯誤或錯誤(特定於光纖) |
將可疑的SFP交換為已知良好的SFP。驗證此類SFP的硬體和軟體支援。 |
| 錯誤的埠或模組埠 |
將電纜移至已知良好的埠,對可疑埠或模組進行故障排除。 |
| 錯誤的或舊的終端裝置 |
將電話、揚聲器或其他終端交換為已知良好的裝置或更新裝置。 |
| 裝置休眠模式 |
這可以是一個預期的翻動。檢查連線埠翻動的時間戳。將其與其他同時發生的事件進行比較。然後確定原因是否在於睡眠設定。 |
當擺動鏈路使用光纖收發器時,請使用此部分。思科熱插拔介面產品組合為速度、協定、覆蓋和支援的傳輸介質提供了多種選擇。
使用Cisco Catalyst 9000系列交換機支援的SFP或SFP+收發器模組的任意組合。每個埠必須與電纜另一端的波長規格相匹配。電纜不能超過支援的電纜長度,以確保可靠的通訊。
僅使用Cisco裝置上的Cisco SFP收發器模組。每個SFP或SFP+收發器模組均支援思科品質標識(ID)功能。此功能允許思科交換機或路由器識別和驗證收發器模組是否經過思科認證和測試。
必要條件:對裝置系統日誌緩衝區或遠端系統日誌的特權EXEC訪問(例如,啟用)和訪問。
預期結果:同一介面在短時間視窗內重複的up/down消息可確認翻動情況。
首先使用此部分可以確認翻動是否發生。運行命令show logging | include changed,確定鏈路擺動事件。此範例顯示介面TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40上連結翻動事件的部分交換器系統日誌訊息:
Switch#show logging | include changed
August 17 21:06:08.431 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:06:39.058 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:06:41.968 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
August 17 21:06:42.969 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
August 17 21:07:20.041 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:07:21.041 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:07:36.534 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
August 17 21:08:06.598 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
August 17 21:08:07.628 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:08:08.628 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to down
August 17 21:08:10.943 UTC: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
August 17 21:08:11.944 UTC: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40, changed state to up
使用時機:在確認重複的up/down事件並驗證物理路徑之後。
指令:show interfaces和show controllers ethernet-controller interface。
預期結果:錯誤計數器(CRC、符號錯誤、FCS)在正常情況下保持穩定或緩慢增加。
異常時的下一步操作:交換電纜/光纖,移至已知良好的埠,並重新檢查計數器;如果適用,請繼續執行TDR(銅纜)或DOM(光纖)。
確認翻動並檢查物理路徑後,使用本節內容。show interfaces命令提供的資訊可幫助識別可能導致連結翻動事件的第1層潛在問題:
Switch#show interfaces tenGigabitEthernet 1/0/40
TenGigabitEthernet1/0/40 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Ten Gigabit Ethernet, address is 00a5.bf9c.29a8 (bia 00a5.bf9c.29a8)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit/sec, DLY 10 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive not set
Full-duplex, 10Gb/s, link type is auto, media type is SFP-10GBase-SR <-- SFP plugged into the port
input flow-control is on, output flow-control is unsupported
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:03, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/2000/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
670 packets input, 78317 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 540 broadcasts (540 multicasts)
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 watchdog, 540 multicast, 0 pause input
0 input packets with dribble condition detected
1766 packets output, 146082 bytes, 0 underruns
0 Output 0 broadcasts (0 multicasts)
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier, 0 pause output
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
下表列出了show interfaces命令中的一些計數器:
| 計數器 |
使錯誤計數器增加的問題與常見原因 |
| CRC |
大量的循環冗餘檢查(CRC)錯誤通常是衝突的結果。它也可能表示物理問題,例如佈線、SFP、介面故障或網路介面卡(NIC)。 也表示雙工不相符。 |
| 輸入錯誤 |
這包括殘幀、巨型幀、無緩衝區、CRC、幀、溢位和忽略計數。其他與輸入相關的錯誤也會增加輸入錯誤計數。 |
| 輸出錯誤 |
輸出隊列過小或介面超訂用時,輸出錯誤可能會增加。 |
| Total output drops |
輸出丟棄通常是由多對一流量模式或10 Gbps到1 Gbps傳輸引起的介面超訂用造成的。介面緩衝區是有限的資源,最多只能吸收一個突發量。在此之後,資料包開始丟棄。可以調整緩衝區以提供一些緩衝,但無法保證輸出零丟棄。 |
| 未知通訊協定捨棄 |
如果接收介面未配置該協定,或者交換機無法識別該協定,則會發生未知協定丟棄。例如,如果兩台交換器連線在一起,且一個交換器介面上的思科探索通訊協定(CDP)處於停用狀態,該介面就會發生未知通訊協定捨棄專案。CDP資料包不再被識別,交換機將丟棄這些資料包。 |
history命令允許介面以與CPU歷史記錄類似的圖形格式維護使用率歷史記錄。歷史記錄可以維護為每秒位數(bps)或每秒資料包數(pps),如以下示例所示:
Switch(config-if)#history ?
bps Maintain history in bits/second
pps Maintain history in packets/second
除了速率以外,各種介面計數器均可受到監控:
Switch(config-if)#history [bps|pps] ?
all Include all counters
babbles Include ethernet output babbles - Babbl
crcs Include CRCs - CRCs
deferred Include ethernet output deferred - Defer
dribbles Include dribbles - Dribl
excessive-collisions Include ethernet excessive output collisions -
ExCol
flushes Include flushes - Flush
frame-errors Include frame errors - FrErr
giants Include giants - Giant
ignored Include ignored - Ignor
input-broadcasts Include input broadcasts - iBcst
input-drops Include input drops - iDrop
input-errors Include input errors - iErr
interface-resets Include interface resets - IRset
late-collisions Include ethernet late output collisions - LtCol
lost-carrier Include ethernet output lost carrier - LstCr
multi-collisions Include ethernet multiple output collisions -
MlCol
multicast Include ethernet input multicast - MlCst
no-carrier Include ethernet output no-carrier - NoCarr
output-broadcasts Include output broadcasts - oBcst
output-buffer-failures Include output buffer failures - oBufF
output-buffers-swapped-out Include output buffers swapped out - oBSwO
output-drops Include output drops - oDrop
output-errors Include output errors - oErr
output-no-buffer Include output no buffer - oNoBf
overruns Include overruns - OvrRn
pause-input Include ethernet input pause - PsIn
pause-output Include ethernet output pause - PsOut
runts Include runts - Runts
single-collisions Include ethernet single output collisions - SnCol
throttles Include throttles - Thrtl
underruns Include underruns - UndRn
unknown-protocol-drops Include unknown protocol drops - Unkno
watchdog Include ethernet output watchdog - Wtchdg
<cr> <cr>
SW_1(config-if)#
與CPU歷史記錄一樣,圖形可用於最後60秒、最後60分鐘和最後72小時。為輸入和輸出直方圖維護單獨的圖形:
Switch#show interfaces gigabitEthernet 1/0/2 history ?
60min Display 60 minute histograms only
60sec Display 60 second histograms only
72hour Display 72 hour histograms only
all Display all three histogram intervals
both Display both input and output histograms
input Display input histograms only
output Display output histograms only
| Output modifiers
------ Sample output ---------
Switch#show interfaces tenGigabitEthernet 1/0/9 history 60sec
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0....5....1....1....2....2....3....3....4....4....5....5....6
0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0
TenGigabitEthernet1/0/9 input rate(mbits/sec) (last 60 seconds)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0....5....1....1....2....2....3....3....4....4....5....5....6
0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0
TenGigabitEthernet1/0/9 output rate(mbits/sec) (last 60 seconds)
使用show controllers ethernet-controller interface {interface{interface-number}}命令顯示從硬體中讀取的每個介面(傳輸和接收)流量計數器和錯誤統計資訊。使用phy關鍵字顯示介面內部暫存器。使用port-info關鍵字顯示有關埠應用特定積體電路(ASIC)的資訊。
以下是特定介面的show controllers ethernet-controller 輸出範例:
Switch#show controllers ethernet-controller tenGigabitEthernet 2/0/1
Transmit TenGigabitEthernet2/0/1 Receive
61572 Total bytes 282909 Total bytes
0 Unicast frames 600 Unicast frames
0 Unicast bytes 38400 Unicast bytes
308 Multicast frames 3163 Multicast frames
61572 Multicast bytes 244509 Multicast bytes
0 Broadcast frames 0 Broadcast frames
0 Broadcast bytes 0 Broadcast bytes
0 System FCS error frames 0 IpgViolation frames
0 MacUnderrun frames 0 MacOverrun frames
0 Pause frames 0 Pause frames
0 Cos 0 Pause frames 0 Cos 0 Pause frames
0 Cos 1 Pause frames 0 Cos 1 Pause frames
0 Cos 2 Pause frames 0 Cos 2 Pause frames
0 Cos 3 Pause frames 0 Cos 3 Pause frames
0 Cos 4 Pause frames 0 Cos 4 Pause frames
0 Cos 5 Pause frames 0 Cos 5 Pause frames
0 Cos 6 Pause frames 0 Cos 6 Pause frames
0 Cos 7 Pause frames 0 Cos 7 Pause frames
0 Oam frames 0 OamProcessed frames
0 Oam frames 0 OamDropped frames
193 Minimum size frames 3646 Minimum size frames
0 65 to 127 byte frames 1 65 to 127 byte frames
0 128 to 255 byte frames 0 128 to 255 byte frames
115 256 to 511 byte frames 116 256 to 511 byte frames
0 512 to 1023 byte frames 0 512 to 1023 byte frames
0 1024 to 1518 byte frames 0 1024 to 1518 byte frames
0 1519 to 2047 byte frames 0 1519 to 2047 byte frames
0 2048 to 4095 byte frames 0 2048 to 4095 byte frames
0 4096 to 8191 byte frames 0 4096 to 8191 byte frames
0 8192 to 16383 byte frames 0 8192 to 16383 byte frames
0 16384 to 32767 byte frame 0 16384 to 32767 byte frame
0 > 32768 byte frames 0 > 32768 byte frames
0 Late collision frames 0 SymbolErr frames <-- Usually indicates Layer 1 issues. Large amounts of symbol errors can indicate a bad device, cable, or hardware.
0 Excess Defer frames 0 Collision fragments <-- If this counter increments, this is an indication that the ports are configured at half-duplex.
0 Good (1 coll) frames 0 ValidUnderSize frames
0 Good (>1 coll) frames 0 InvalidOverSize frames
0 Deferred frames 0 ValidOverSize frames
0 Gold frames dropped 0 FcsErr frames <-- Are the result of collisions at half-duplex, a duplex mismatch, bad hardware (NIC, cable, or port)
0 Gold frames truncated
0 Gold frames successful
0 1 collision frames
0 2 collision frames
0 3 collision frames
0 4 collision frames
0 5 collision frames
0 6 collision frames
0 7 collision frames
0 8 collision frames
0 9 collision frames
0 10 collision frames
0 11 collision frames
0 12 collision frames
0 13 collision frames
0 14 collision frames
0 15 collision frames
0 Excess collision frames
LAST UPDATE 22622 msecs AGO
使用show platform pm interface-flaps {interface{interface-number}}命令顯示介面關閉的次數:
以下是特定介面的show platform pm interface-flaps {interface{interface-number}}的輸出範例:
Switch#show platform pm interface-flaps tenGigabitEthernet 2/0/1 Field AdminFields OperFields =============================================================== Access Mode Static Static Access Vlan Id 1 0 Voice Vlan Id 4096 0 VLAN Unassigned 0 ExAccess Vlan Id 32767 Native Vlan Id 1 Port Mode dynamic access Encapsulation 802.1Q Native disl auto Media unknown DTP Nonegotiate 0 0 Port Protected 0 0 Unknown Unicast Blocked 0 0 Unknown Multicast Blocked 0 0 Vepa Enabled 0 0 App interface 0 0 Span Destination 0 Duplex auto full Default Duplex auto Speed auto 1000 Auto Speed Capable 1 1 No Negotiate 0 0 No Negotiate Capable 1024 1024 Flow Control Receive ON ON Flow Control Send Off Off Jumbo 0 0 saved_holdqueue_out 0 saved_input_defqcount 2000 Jumbo Size 1500 Forwarding Vlans : none Current Pruned Vlans : none Previous Pruned Vlans : none Sw LinkNeg State : LinkStateUp No.of LinkDownEvents : 12 <-- Number of times the interface flapped XgxsResetOnLinkDown(10GE): Time Stamp Last Link Flapped(U) : Aug 19 14:58:00.154 <-- Last time the interface flapped LastLinkDownDuration(sec) 192 <-- Time in seconds the interface stayed down during the last flap event LastLinkUpDuration(sec): 2277 <-- Time in seconds the interface stayed up before the last flap event
在必須驗證光纖健康狀況時,請針對光纖鏈路使用此部分。使用show idprom interface {interface-number}命令顯示指定介面中安裝的收發器的IDPROM資訊。使用detail關鍵字顯示詳細的十六進位制IDPROM欄位。
此範例顯示特定介面的show idprom {interface{interface-number}}命令的輸出。此命令輸出中列出的High和Low警告|警報閾值值是正常工作的光纖收發器引數。這些值可以在特定光學器件的資料表中進行驗證。請參閱思科光纖收發器模組文檔。
Switch#show idprom interface Twe1/0/1
IDPROM for transceiver TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1 :
Description = SFP or SFP+ optics (type 3)
Transceiver Type: = GE CWDM 1550 (107)
Product Identifier (PID) = CWDM-SFP-1550 <--
Vendor Revision = A
Serial Number (SN) = SERIALNUMBER
Vendor Name = CISCO-FINISAR
Vendor OUI (IEEE company ID) = 00.90.65 (36965)
Common Language Equipment Identifier (CLEI) code = CNTRV14FAB
Cisco part number = 10-1879-03
Device State = Enabled.
Date code (yy/mm/dd) = 14/12/22
Connector type = LC.
Encoding = 8B10B (1)
Nominal bitrate = OTU-1 (2700 Mbits/s)
Minimum bit rate as % of nominal bit rate = not specified
Maximum bit rate as % of nominal bit rate = not specified
The transceiver type is 107
Link reach for 9u fiber (km) = LR-2(80km) (80)
LR-3(80km) (80)
ZX(80km) (80)
Link reach for 9u fiber (m) = IR-2(40km) (255)
LR-1(40km) (255)
LR-2(80km) (255)
LR-3(80km) (255)
DX(40KM) (255)
HX(40km) (255)
ZX(80km) (255)
VX(100km) (255)
Link reach for 50u fiber (m) = SR(2km) (0)
IR-1(15km) (0)
IR-2(40km) (0)
LR-1(40km) (0)
LR-2(80km) (0)
LR-3(80km) (0)
DX(40KM) (0)
HX(40km) (0)
ZX(80km) (0)
VX(100km) (0)
1xFC, 2xFC-SM(10km) (0)
ESCON-SM(20km) (0)
Link reach for 62.5u fiber (m) = SR(2km) (0)
IR-1(15km) (0)
IR-2(40km) (0)
LR-1(40km) (0)
LR-2(80km) (0)
LR-3(80km) (0)
DX(40KM) (0)
HX(40km) (0)
ZX(80km) (0)
VX(100km) (0)
1xFC, 2xFC-SM(10km) (0)
ESCON-SM(20km) (0)
Nominal laser wavelength = 1550 nm.
DWDM wavelength fraction = 1550.0 nm.
Supported options = Tx disable
Tx fault signal
Loss of signal (standard implementation)
Supported enhanced options = Alarms for monitored parameters
Diagnostic monitoring = Digital diagnostics supported
Diagnostics are externally calibrated
Rx power measured is "Average power"
Transceiver temperature operating range = -5 C to 75 C (commercial)
Minimum operating temperature = 0 C
Maximum operating temperature = 70 C
High temperature alarm threshold = +90.000 C
High temperature warning threshold = +85.000 C
Low temperature warning threshold = +0.000 C
Low temperature alarm threshold = -4.000 C
High voltage alarm threshold = 3600.0 mVolts
High voltage warning threshold = 3500.0 mVolts
Low voltage warning threshold = 3100.0 mVolts
Low voltage alarm threshold = 3000.0 mVolts
High laser bias current alarm threshold = 84.000 mAmps
High laser bias current warning threshold = 70.000 mAmps
Low laser bias current warning threshold = 4.000 mAmps
Low laser bias current alarm threshold = 2.000 mAmps
High transmit power alarm threshold = 7.4 dBm
High transmit power warning threshold = 4.0 dBm
Low transmit power warning threshold = -1.7 dBm
Low transmit power alarm threshold = -8.2 dBm
High receive power alarm threshold = -3.0 dBm
Low receive power alarm threshold = -33.0 dBm
High receive power warning threshold = -7.0 dBm
Low receive power warning threshold = -28.2 dBm
External Calibration: bias current slope = 1.000
External Calibration: bias current offset = 0
下表列出了可用於排除鏈路擺動故障的命令。建議的使用順序:show logging、show interfaces、show controllers ethernet-controller、show platform pm interface-flaps,然後根據情況使用特定於光纖或特定於銅纜的命令。
| 指令 |
目的 |
| show interfaces counters errors |
顯示介面錯誤計數器。 |
| show interfaces功能 |
顯示特定介面的功能。 |
| show interface收發器(特定於光纖或SFP) |
顯示有關啟用了數字光纖監控(DOM)的光收發器的資訊。 |
| show interface link |
顯示連結級別資訊。 |
| show interface {interface{interface-number}}平台 |
顯示介面平台資訊。 |
| show controllers ethernet-controller {interface{interface-number}} port-info |
顯示其他埠資訊。 |
| show controllers ethernet-controller {interface{interface-number}}鏈路狀態詳細資訊 |
顯示連結狀態。 |
| show errdisable flap-values |
顯示錯誤停用狀態之前允許發生的翻動數。 |
| clear counters |
使用此命令將流量和錯誤計數器清零,以便您檢視問題是否只是暫時的,或者計數器是否繼續遞增。 |
| clear controllers ethernet-controller |
使用此命令清除硬體傳送和接收計數器。 |
時域反射計(TDR)功能可讓您判斷纜線發生故障時是處於開啟狀態還是短狀態。透過TDR,您可以檢查Catalyst 9000系列交換器上連線埠的銅纜狀態。TDR使用通過電纜傳送的訊號檢測電纜故障,並讀取反射回的訊號。由於電纜存在缺陷,因此可以反射回全部或部分訊號
使用test cable-diagnostics tdr {interface{interface-number} } 啟動TDR測試,然後使用show cable-diagnostics tdr {interfaceinterface-number}。
該示例顯示了介面Tw2/0/10的TDR測試結果:
Switch#show cable-diagnostics tdr interface tw2/0/10
TDR test last run on: November 05 02:28:43
Interface Speed Local pair Pair length Remote pair Pair status
--------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ----------- --------------------
Tw2/0/10 1000M Pair A 1 +/- 5 meters Pair A Impedance Mismatch
Pair B 1 +/- 5 meters Pair B Impedance Mismatch
Pair C 1 +/- 5 meters Pair C Open
Pair D 3 +/- 5 meters Pair D Open
以下准則適用於TDR的使用:
數字光纖監控(DOM)是一種行業標準,旨在定義訪問即時引數的數字介面,例如:
下表列出了可用於為系統中所有型別的收發器開啟/關閉DOM的命令:
| 步驟 |
命令或動作 |
目的 |
| 步驟 1 |
啟用 範例: switch > enable |
啟用物理執行模式。 如果系統出現提示,請輸入您的密碼。 |
| 步驟 2 |
configure terminal 範例: switch#configure terminal |
進入全域性配置模式。 |
| 步驟 3 |
收發器型別all 範例: switch(config)#transceiver type all |
進入收發器型別配置模式。 |
| 步驟 4 |
監控 範例: switch(config)#monitoring |
啟用對所有光纖收發器的監控。 |
使用show interfaces {interface{interface-number}} transceiver detail命令顯示收發器資訊:
Switch#show interfaces hundredGigE 1/0/25 transceiver detail
ITU Channel not available (Wavelength not available),
Transceiver is internally calibrated.
mA: milliamperes, dBm: decibels (milliwatts), NA or N/A: not applicable.
++ : high alarm, + : high warning, - : low warning, -- : low alarm.
A2D readouts (if they differ), are reported in parentheses.
The threshold values are calibrated.
High Alarm High Warn Low Warn Low Alarm
Temperature Threshold Threshold Threshold Threshold
Port (Celsius) (Celsius) (Celsius) (Celsius) (Celsius)
--------- ----------------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Hu1/0/25 28.8 75.0 70.0 0.0 -5.0
High Alarm High Warn Low Warn Low Alarm
Voltage Threshold Threshold Threshold Threshold
Port (Volts) (Volts) (Volts) (Volts) (Volts)
--------- ----------------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Hu1/0/25 3.28 3.63 3.46 3.13 2.97
High Alarm High Warn Low Warn Low Alarm
Current Threshold Threshold Threshold Threshold
Port Lane (milliamperes) (mA) (mA) (mA) (mA)
--------- ---- --------------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Hu1/0/25 N/A 6.2 10.0 8.5 3.0 2.6
Optical High Alarm High Warn Low Warn Low Alarm
Transmit Power Threshold Threshold Threshold Threshold
Port Lane (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm)
--------- ---- --------------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Hu1/0/25 N/A -2.2 1.7 -1.3 -7.3 -11.3
Optical High Alarm High Warn Low Warn Low Alarm
Receive Power Threshold Threshold Threshold Threshold
Port Lane (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm) (dBm)
--------- ---- --------------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Hu1/0/25 N/A -16.7 2.0 -1.0 -9.9 -13.9
本節介紹最相關的閾值衝突系統日誌消息:
SFP光纖的溫度水準
%SFF8472-3-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Te7/3: Temperature high alarm; Operating value: 88.7 C, Threshold value: 74.0 C.
%SFF8472-3-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Fo1/1/1: Temperature low alarm; Operating value: 0.0 C, Threshold value: 35.0 C.
SFP光纖的電壓電平
%SFF8472-3-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Gi1/1/3: Voltage high warning; Operating value: 3.50 V, Threshold value: 3.50 V.
%SFF8472-5-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Gi1/1: Voltage low alarm; Operating value: 2.70 V, Threshold value: 2.97 V.
SFP光纖的輕量級
%SFF8472-3-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Gi1/0/1: Rx power high warning; Operating value: -2.7 dBm, Threshold value: -3.0 dBm.
%SFF8472-5-THRESHOLD_VIOLATION: Te1/1: Rx power low warning; Operating value: -13.8 dBm, Threshold value: -9.9 dBm.
FEC是一種技術,用於檢測並糾正位元流中的一定數量的錯誤,並在傳輸之前將冗餘位元和錯誤檢查代碼附加到消息塊。作為模組製造商,思科會根據規範設計收發器。當光纖收發器在Cisco主機平台中運行時,會根據主機軟體檢測到的光纖模組型別預設啟用FEC(請參閱此可下載表)。在絕大多數情況下,FEC實施由光纖型別支援的行業標準決定。
對於某些自定義規範,FEC實施會有所不同。有關詳細資訊,請參閱瞭解Cisco Optics中的FEC及其實施。
該示例展示如何配置FEC和一些可用選項:
switch(config-if)#fec? auto Enable FEC Auto-Neg cl108 Enable clause108 with 25G cl74 Enable clause74 with 25G off Turn FEC off
Use the show interface command to verify FEC configuration:
TwentyFiveGigE1/0/13 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Twenty Five Gigabit Ethernet, address is 3473.2d93.bc8d (bia 3473.2d93.bc8d)
MTU 9170 bytes, BW 25000000 Kbit/sec, DLY 10 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Full-duplex, 25Gb/s, link type is force-up, media type is SFP-25GBase-SR
Fec is auto < -- The configured setting for FEC is displayed here
input flow-control is on, output flow-control is off
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
--snip--
下表列出可用於調試埠擺動的各種命令
| 指令 | 目的 |
| debug pm | 埠管理器調試 |
| debug pm port | 連線埠相關事件 |
| debug platform pm | NGWC平台埠管理器調試資訊 |
| debug platform pm l2-control | NGWC L2控制基礎設施調試 |
| debug platform pm link-status | 介面鏈路檢測事件 |
| debug platform pm-vectors | 埠管理器向量函式 |
| debug condition interface <interface name> | 選擇性地啟用特定介面的調試 |
| debug interface state | 狀態轉換 |
以下是表中列出的debug命令的部分輸出示例:
SW_2#sh debugging
PM (platform):
L2 Control Infra debugging is on <-- debug platform pm l2-control
PM Link Status debugging is on <-- debug platform pm link-status
PM Vectors debugging is on <-- debug platform pm pm-vectors
Packet Infra debugs:
Ip Address Port
------------------------------------------------------|----------
Port Manager:
Port events debugging is on <-- debug pm port
Condition 1: interface Te1/0/2 (1 flags triggered)
Flags: Te1/0/2
------ Sample output ---------
*Aug 25 20:01:05.791: link up/down event : link-down on Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:05.791: pm_port 1/2: during state access, got event 5(link_down) <-- Link down event (day/time)
*Aug 25 20:01:05.791: @@@ pm_port 1/2: access -> pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Vp Disable: pd=0x7F1E797914B0 dpidx=10 Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: Maintains count of VP per Interface:delete, pm_vp_counter[0]: 14, pm_vp_counter[1]: 14
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: *** port_modechange: 1/2 mode_none(10)
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: @@@ pm_port 1/2: pagp -> dtp
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: stop flap timer : Te1/0/2 pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: *** port_bndl_stop: 1/2 : inform yes
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: @@@ pm_port 1/2: dtp -> present
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: *** port_dtp_stop: 1/2
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: stop flap timer : Te1/0/2 pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: stop flap timer : Te1/0/2 dtp
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: stop flap timer : Te1/0/2 unknown
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: *** port_linkchange: reason_link_change(3): link_down(0)1/2 <-- State link change
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: pm_port 1/2: idle during state present
*Aug 25 20:01:05.792: @@@ pm_port 1/2: present -> link_down <-- State of the link
*Aug 25 20:01:06.791: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/2, changed state to down
*Aug 25 20:01:07.792: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/2, changed state to down
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-LINK-STATUS: Received LINKCHANGE in xcvr message, if_id 10 (TenGigabitEthernet1/0/2)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-LINK-STATUS: if_id 0xA, if_name Te1/0/2, link up <-- Link became up
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: link up/down event: link-up on Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: pm_port 1/2: during state link_down, got event 4(link_up)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: @@@ pm_port 1/2: link_down -> link_up
*Aug 25 20:01:11.098: flap count for link type : Te1/0/2 Linkcnt = 0
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: idle during state link_up
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: link_up -> link_authentication
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: during state link_authentication, got event 8(authen_disable)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: link_authentication -> link_ready
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: *** port_linkchange: reason_link_change(3): link_up(1)1/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: idle during state link_ready
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: link_ready -> dtp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Set pm vp mode attributes for Te1/0/2 vlan 1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: during state dtp, got event 13(dtp_complete)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: dtp -> dtp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Set pm vp mode attributes for Te1/0/2 vlan 1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: DTP flapping: flap count for dtp type: Te1/0/2 Dtpcnt = 0
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: during state dtp, got event 110(dtp_done)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: dtp -> pre_pagp_may_suspend
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: idle during state pre_pagp_may_suspend
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: pre_pagp_may_suspend -> pagp_may_suspend
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: during state pagp_may_suspend, got event 33(pagp_continue)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: pagp_may_suspend -> start_pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: pm_port 1/2: idle during state start_pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.099: @@@ pm_port 1/2: start_pagp -> pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Set pm vp mode attributes for Te1/0/2 vlan 1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: *** port_bndl_start: 1/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: stop flap timer : Te1/0/2 pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: pm_port 1/2: during state pagp, got event 34(dont_bundle)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: @@@ pm_port 1/2: pagp -> pre_post_pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: pm_port 1/2: idle during state pre_post_pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: @@@ pm_port 1/2: pre_post_pagp -> post_pagp
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: pm_port 1/2: during state post_pagp, got event 14(dtp_access)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: @@@ pm_port 1/2: post_pagp -> access
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Set pm vp mode attributes for Te1/0/2 vlan 1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: Maintains count of VP per Interface:add, pm_vp_counter[0]: 15, pm_vp_counter[1]: 15
*Aug 25 20:01:11.100: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: vlan vp enable for port(Te1/0/2) and vlan:1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: VP ENABLE: vp_pvlan_port_mode:access for Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: VP Enable: vp_pvlan_native_vlanId:1 for Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: *** port_modechange: 1/2 mode_access(1)
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: The operational mode of Te1/0/2 in set all vlans is 1
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: vp_pvlan port_mode:access vlan:1 for Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.101: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: vp_pvlan port_mode:access native_vlan:1 for Te1/0/2
*Aug 25 20:01:11.102: IOS-FMAN-PM-DEBUG-PM-VECTORS: Success sending PM tdl message
*Aug 25 20:01:13.098: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/2, changed state to up
*Aug 25 20:01:14.098: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/2, changed state to up
| 思科錯誤 ID |
說明 |
| 思科錯誤ID CSCvu13029 |
mGig Cat9300交換機上的間歇性鏈路擺動到支援mGig的終端。 |
| 思科錯誤ID CSCvt50788 |
其他mGig裝置的Cat9400 mGig互操作問題會導致鏈路抖動。 |
| 思科錯誤ID CSCvu92432 |
CAT9400:具有Mgig AP的Mgig介面擺動。 |
| 思科錯誤ID CSCve65787 |
自動支援100G/40G/25G Cu收發器。 |
| 修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
|---|---|---|
3.0 |
09-Sep-2026
|
重新認證 — 更新的問題、SEO、機器翻譯、樣式要求和格式。 |
2.0 |
13-Mar-2024
|
重新認證 |
1.0 |
04-Nov-2022
|
初始版本 |