配置PfRv2性能监控方法
简介
本文描述在性能路由版本2的使用的方法(PfRv2)监控广域网(WAN)链路的性能在分支路由器的。
先决条件
要求
思科建议您有基础知识性能路由(PfR)。
使用的组件
本文档不限于特定的软件和硬件版本。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
背景信息
PfRv2使用三个方法测量边界路由器(BR)链路的性能。主令控制器使用收集的信息(MC) PfR策略实施。三个方法是：
被动监听
在此模式，在边界路由器启用的(默认情况下与PfR) Netflow收集关于数据流类别的跟随的信息并且送回它到主令控制器。
以下为通过通过BR的TCP流可适用的：
- 可接通性：这根据对应的TCP ACK有不接收的TCP SYN计算。
- 延迟:在TCP三通的握手期间，时间计算在TCP SYN和TCP ACK消息之间。总值由2.然后划分。
- 损耗：测量根据TCP序列编号。例如：当已接收TCP序列号比预计时高或更低，损耗报告。
以下为(包括TCP)通过通过BR的所有流可适用的：
- 出口带宽：egressing BR的数据流类别的吞吐量(计算在比特/秒使用Netflow)。
- 入口带宽：ingressing BR的数据流类别的吞吐量(计算在比特/秒使用Netflow)。
活动监听
在此模式， BR派出在其广域网接口的IP SLA探测器测量关于数据流类别的几个参数。收集的信息被退还的到主令控制器。以下参数被测量：
- 可接通性
- 迪莱
- 损耗
- 出口带宽
- 入口带宽
这些探测器自动地生成，当监控在主令控制器时配置的方法是活跃的，并且可能手工也配置。默认情况下，被发送的探测器是ICMP回音，但是可以更改到TCP或UDP探测器根据在广域网链路发送的流量类型。
当退出BR选择是持续的时，所有BR将发送Netflow博学的前缀的活动探测器。在退出BR的选择，其他BR将停止发送活动探测器。选定BR将继续发送活动探测器。
混合模式
混合模式使用Netflow统计信息，并且IP服务成水平协议(要决定的SLA)出口点(边界路由器)和链路监听。在此模式， IP SLA探测器信息用于选择出口点Netflow统计信息然后用于监控往目的地的该边界路由器的WAN连接。
当PfR在学习状态和未搬入“INPOLICY”状态时，所有BR将发送从Netflow收集的前缀的活动探测器。这是为了确定各自链路情况。 当在对“INPOLICY的” MC状态变换，所有BR将终止发送活动探测器和当前监控将被动地执行(使用Netflow)。
配置
跟随的镜像将使用作为拓扑示例本文的其余：
网络图
相关配置
跟随的基本配置要求为使用不同的模式。因为MC，因此这些配置在R3，将必须执行R3配置：
被动模式：
pfr master
!
border 10.4.4.4 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/1 external
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
!
border 10.5.5.5 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
interface Ethernet0/1 external
!
mode monitor passive
激活模式：
pfr master
!
border 10.4.4.4 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/1 external
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
!
border 10.5.5.5 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
interface Ethernet0/1 external
!
mode monitor active
混合模式：
这是默认模式。如果模式命令没有被提及，混合模式将激活或命令“模式监视器两个”可以用于启用它。
pfr master
!
border 10.4.4.4 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/1 external
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
!
border 10.5.5.5 key-chain pfr
interface Ethernet0/0 internal
interface Ethernet0/1 external
验证
多数验证命令在MC被执行。以下命令可以用于验证不同的模式工作：
被动模式
R3#show pfr master
<Output suppressed>
Default Policy Settings:
backoff 90 900 90
delay relative 50
holddown 90
periodic 0
probe frequency 56
number of jitter probe packets 100
mode route control
mode monitor passive
loss relative 10
jitter threshold 20
mos threshold 3.60 percent 30
unreachable relative 50
trigger-log percentage 30
测验1 -从服务器的启动TCP数据流
R3#show pfr master traffic-class
OER Prefix Statistics:
Pas - Passive, Act - Active, S - Short term, L - Long term, Dly - Delay (ms),
P - Percentage below threshold, Jit - Jitter (ms),
MOS - Mean Opinion Score
Los - Packet Loss (percent/10000), Un - Unreachable (flows-per-million),
E - Egress, I - Ingress, Bw - Bandwidth (kbps), N - Not applicable
U - unknown, * - uncontrolled, + - control more specific, @ - active probe all
# - Prefix monitor mode is Special, & - Blackholed Prefix
% - Force Next-Hop, ^ - Prefix is denied
DstPrefix Appl_ID Dscp Prot SrcPort DstPort SrcPrefix
Flags State Time CurrBR CurrI/F Protocol
PasSDly PasLDly PasSUn PasLUn PasSLos PasLLos EBw IBw
ActSDly ActLDly ActSUn ActLUn ActSJit ActPMOS ActSLos ActLLos
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.20.20.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.4.4.4 Et0/1 BGP
46 46 0 0 35502 35502 2 1
N N N N N N
10.30.30.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
1 1 0 0 0 0 14 1
N N N N N N
测试2 -启动从服务器的UDP数据流
R3#show pfr master traffic-class
OER Prefix Statistics:
Pas - Passive, Act - Active, S - Short term, L - Long term, Dly - Delay (ms),
P - Percentage below threshold, Jit - Jitter (ms),
MOS - Mean Opinion Score
Los - Packet Loss (percent/10000), Un - Unreachable (flows-per-million),
E - Egress, I - Ingress, Bw - Bandwidth (kbps), N - Not applicable
U - unknown, * - uncontrolled, + - control more specific, @ - active probe all
# - Prefix monitor mode is Special, & - Blackholed Prefix
% - Force Next-Hop, ^ - Prefix is denied
DstPrefix Appl_ID Dscp Prot SrcPort DstPort SrcPrefix
Flags State Time CurrBR CurrI/F Protocol
PasSDly PasLDly PasSUn PasLUn PasSLos PasLLos EBw IBw
ActSDly ActLDly ActSUn ActLUn ActSJit ActPMOS ActSLos ActLLos
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.20.20.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
U U 0 0 0 0 13 0
N N N N N N
10.30.30.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
U U 0 0 0 0 14 0
N N N N N N
如上所述，为TCP数据流，您能看到迪莱和也被增加不可得到的计数器，但是在UDP数据流的情况下您能只看到带宽计数器被增加。
主动模式
R3#show pfr master
<Output suppressed>
Default Policy Settings:
backoff 90 900 90
delay relative 50
holddown 90
periodic 0
probe frequency 56
number of jitter probe packets 100
mode route control
mode monitor active
loss relative 10
jitter threshold 20
mos threshold 3.60 percent 30
unreachable relative 50
trigger-log percentage 30
测验-从服务器的启动TCP数据流
在主令控制器上：
R3#show pfr master traffic-class
OER Prefix Statistics:
Pas - Passive, Act - Active, S - Short term, L - Long term, Dly - Delay (ms),
P - Percentage below threshold, Jit - Jitter (ms),
MOS - Mean Opinion Score
Los - Packet Loss (percent/10000), Un - Unreachable (flows-per-million),
E - Egress, I - Ingress, Bw - Bandwidth (kbps), N - Not applicable
U - unknown, * - uncontrolled, + - control more specific, @ - active probe all
# - Prefix monitor mode is Special, & - Blackholed Prefix
% - Force Next-Hop, ^ - Prefix is denied
DstPrefix Appl_ID Dscp Prot SrcPort DstPort SrcPrefix
Flags State Time CurrBR CurrI/F Protocol
PasSDly PasLDly PasSUn PasLUn PasSLos PasLLos EBw IBw
ActSDly ActLDly ActSUn ActLUn ActSJit ActPMOS ActSLos ActLLos
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.20.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.4.4.4 Et0/1 BGP
N N N N N N N N
54 54 0 0 N N N N
10.30.30.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.4.4.4 Et0/1 BGP
N N N N N N N N
54 54 0 1000 N N N N
在BR1 ：
R4#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
echo 10.10.20.11 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 3 3
0
echo 10.30.30.12 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 3 3
0
在BR2 ：
R5#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
echo 10.10.20.11 N 192.168.2.1 Et0/1 3 3
0
echo 10.30.30.12 N 192.168.2.1 Et0/1 3 3
0
一旦在MC搬入的数据流类别“INPOLICY”状态和BR1选择作为发送的所有流量BR， BR2将停止发送探测器：
R4#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
echo 10.10.20.11 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 10 10
0
echo 10.30.30.12 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 10 10
0
R5#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
<No Active Probes>
混合模式
R3#show pfr master
OER state: ENABLED and ACTIVE
<Output Suppressed>
Default Policy Settings:
backoff 90 900 90
delay relative 50
holddown 90
periodic 0
probe frequency 56
number of jitter probe packets 100
mode route control
mode monitor both
loss relative 10
jitter threshold 20
mos threshold 3.60 percent 30
unreachable relative 50
trigger-log percentage 30
测验-从服务器的启动TCP数据流
当数据流类别(TC)时被测量和状态不是“INPOLICY”，两个边界路由器将发送活动探测器对从Netflow收集的前缀。这是为了确定各自链路情况。
在MC ：
R3#show pfr mas traffic-class
OER Prefix Statistics:
Pas - Passive, Act - Active, S - Short term, L - Long term, Dly - Delay (ms),
P - Percentage below threshold, Jit - Jitter (ms),
MOS - Mean Opinion Score
Los - Packet Loss (percent/10000), Un - Unreachable (flows-per-million),
E - Egress, I - Ingress, Bw - Bandwidth (kbps), N - Not applicable
U - unknown, * - uncontrolled, + - control more specific, @ - active probe all
# - Prefix monitor mode is Special, & - Blackholed Prefix
% - Force Next-Hop, ^ - Prefix is denied
DstPrefix Appl_ID Dscp Prot SrcPort DstPort SrcPrefix
Flags State Time CurrBR CurrI/F Protocol
PasSDly PasLDly PasSUn PasLUn PasSLos PasLLos EBw IBw
ActSDly ActLDly ActSUn ActLUn ActSJit ActPMOS ActSLos ActLLos
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.20.20.0/24 N N N N N N
HOLDDOWN 61 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
1 1 0 0 0 0 16 1
1 1 0 0 N N N N
10.30.30.0/24 N N N N N N
HOLDDOWN 61 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
1 1 0 0 0 0 16 1
4 4 0 0 N N N N
在BR1 ：
R4#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
echo 10.20.20.1 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 1 1
0
echo 10.30.30.1 N 192.168.1.1 Et0/1 1 1
0
在BR2 ：
R5#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
echo 10.20.20.1 N 192.168.2.1 Et0/1 1 1
0
echo 10.30.30.1 N 192.168.2.1 Et0/1 1 1
当在MC对“INPOLICY的”状态变换，两BR将终止发送活动探测器和各自监听将换成被动模式(使用Netflow)。
R3#show pfr master traffic-class
OER Prefix Statistics:
Pas - Passive, Act - Active, S - Short term, L - Long term, Dly - Delay (ms),
P - Percentage below threshold, Jit - Jitter (ms),
MOS - Mean Opinion Score
Los - Packet Loss (percent/10000), Un - Unreachable (flows-per-million),
E - Egress, I - Ingress, Bw - Bandwidth (kbps), N - Not applicable
U - unknown, * - uncontrolled, + - control more specific, @ - active probe all
# - Prefix monitor mode is Special, & - Blackholed Prefix
% - Force Next-Hop, ^ - Prefix is denied
DstPrefix Appl_ID Dscp Prot SrcPort DstPort SrcPrefix
Flags State Time CurrBR CurrI/F Protocol
PasSDly PasLDly PasSUn PasLUn PasSLos PasLLos EBw IBw
ActSDly ActLDly ActSUn ActLUn ActSJit ActPMOS ActSLos ActLLos
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.20.20.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
1 1 0 0 0 0 3 1
1 1 0 0 N N N N
10.30.30.0/24 N N N N N N
INPOLICY 0 10.5.5.5 Et0/1 BGP
1 1 0 0 0 0 14 1
1 1 0 0 N N N N
如上所述，您能为被动和激活组件看到计数器。并且，探测器在BR将终止，一旦TCs移动到“INPOLICY”状态。
R4#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
<No Active Probes>
R5#show pfr border active-probes
OER Border active-probes
Type = Probe Type
Target = Target IP Address
TPort = Target Port
Source = Send From Source IP Address
Interface = Exit interface
Att = Number of Attempts
Comps = Number of completions
N - Not applicable
Type Target TPort Source Interface Att Comps
DSCP
<No Active Probes>
故障排除
目前没有针对此配置的故障排除信息。
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