Table Of Contents

Alarms and Events

Overview

Viewing IDS Signature Attacks

Wireless LAN IDS Event Correlation

Alarm Dashboard

Alarm and Event Dictionary

Notification Format

Traps Added in Release 2.0

AP_BIG_NAV_DOS_ATTACK

AP_CONTAINED_AS_ROGUE

AP_DETECTED_DUPLICATE_IP

AP_HAS_NO_RADIOS

AP_MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_CLEAR

AP_MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_EXCEEDED

AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE (From MIB-II standard)

BSN_AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE

COLD_START (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

CONFIG_SAVED

IPSEC_IKE_NEG_FAILURE

IPSEC_INVALID_COOKIE

LINK_DOWN (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

LINK_UP (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

LRAD_ASSOCIATED

LRAD_DISASSOCIATED

LRADIF_COVERAGE_PROFILE_FAILED

LRADIF_COVERAGE_PROFILE_PASSED

LRADIF_CURRENT_CHANNEL_CHANGED

LRADIF_CURRENT_TXPOWER_CHANGED

LRADIF_DOWN

LRADIF_INTERFERENCE_PROFILE_FAILED

LRADIF_INTERFERENCE_PROFILE_PASSED

LRADIF_LOAD_PROFILE_FAILED

LRADIF_LOAD_PROFILE_PASSED

LRADIF_NOISE_PROFILE_FAILED

LRADIF_NOISE_PROFILE_PASSED

LRADIF_UP

MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_CLEAR

MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_EXCEEDED

MULTIPLE_USERS

NETWORK_DISABLED

NO_ACTIVITY_FOR_ROGUE_AP

POE_CONTROLLER_FAILURE

RADIOS_EXCEEDED

RADIUS_SERVERS_FAILED

ROGUE_AP_DETECTED

ROGUE_AP_NOT_ON_NETWORK

ROGUE_AP_ON_NETWORK

ROGUE_AP_REMOVED

RRM_DOT11_A_GROUPING_DONE

RRM_DOT11_B_GROUPING_DONE

SENSED_TEMPERATURE_HIGH

SENSED_TEMPERATURE_LOW

STATION_ASSOCIATE

STATION_ASSOCIATE_FAIL

STATION_AUTHENTICATE

STATION_AUTHENTICATION_FAIL

STATION_BLACKLISTED

STATION_DEAUTHENTICATE

STATION_DISASSOCIATE

STATION_WEP_KEY_DECRYPT_ERROR

STATION_WPA_MIC_ERROR_COUNTER_ACTIVATED

SWITCH_DETECTED_DUPLICATE_IP

SWITCH_DOWN

SWITCH_UP

TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_CLEAR

TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_FAILURE

TOO_MANY_USER_UNSUCCESSFUL_LOGINS

Traps Added in Release 2.1

ADHOC_ROGUE_AUTO_CONTAINED

ADHOC_ROGUE_AUTO_CONTAINED_CLEAR

NETWORK_ENABLED

ROGUE_AP_AUTO_CONTAINED

ROGUE_AP_AUTO_CONTAINED_CLEAR

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_ENCRYPTION

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_ENCRYPTION_CLEAR

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_RADIO_POLICY

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_RADIO_POLICY_CLEAR

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_SSID

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_SSID_CLEAR

TRUSTED_AP_MISSING

TRUSTED_AP_MISSING_CLEAR

Traps Added in Release 2.2

AP_IMPERSONATION_DETECTED

AP_RADIO_CARD_RX_FAILURE

AP_RADIO_CARD_RX_FAILURE_CLEAR

AP_RADIO_CARD_TX_FAILURE

AP_RADIO_CARD_TX_FAILURE_CLEAR

SIGNATURE_ATTACK_CLEARED

SIGNATURE_ATTACK_DETECTED

TRUSTED_AP_HAS_INVALID_PREAMBLE

TRUSTED_AP_HAS_INVALID_PREAMBLE_CLEARED

Traps Added in Release 3.0

AP_FUNCTIONALITY_DISABLED

AP_IP_ADDRESS_FALLBACK

AP_REGULATORY_DOMAIN_MISMATCH

RX_MULTICAST_QUEUE_FULL

Traps Added in Release 3.1

AP_AUTHORIZATION_FAILURE

HEARTBEAT_LOSS_TRAP

INVALID_RADIO_INTERFACE

RADAR_CLEARED

RADAR_DETECTED

RADIO_CORE_DUMP

RADIO_INTERFACE_DOWN

RADIO_INTERFACE_UP

UNSUPPORTED_AP

Traps Added in Release 3.2

LOCATION_NOTIFY_TRAP

Traps Added in Release 4.0

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_AUTHORIZATION_FAILURE

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CHILD_EXCLUDED _PARENT

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CHILD_MOVED

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CONSOLE_LOGIN

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_EXCESSIVE_ASSOCIATION _FAILURE

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_EXCESSIVE_PARENT _CHANGE

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_PARENT_CHANGE

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_PARENT_EXCLUDED _CHILD

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_POOR_SNR

Unsupported Traps

Alarms and Events

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This chapter describes the types of events and alarms reported, how to view alarms and events by product or entity and severity, and how to view IDS signature attacks.

It contains these sections:

Overview

Viewing IDS Signature Attacks

Wireless LAN IDS Event Correlation

Alarm Dashboard

Alarm and Event Dictionary

Overview

An event is an occurrence or detection of some condition in or around the network. For example, it can be a report of radio interference crossing a threshold, the detection of a new rogue access point, or a controller rebooting.

Events are not generated by a controller for each and every occurrence of a pattern match. Some pattern matches must occur a certain number of times per reporting interval before they are considered a potential attack. The threshold of these pattern matches is set in the signature file. Events can then generate alarms. Critical alarms can even generate email notifications.

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Note Non-critical alarms do not generate email notifications.

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An alarm is a WCS response to one or more related events. If an event is considered of high enough severity (critical, major, minor warning, clear, or informational), the WCS raises an alarm until the condition which resulted is judged to be no longer occurring. For example, an alarm may be raised while a rogue access point is detected, but the alarm will terminate after the rogue has not been detected for several hours.

One or more events can result in a single alarm being raised. The mapping of events to alarms is their correlation function. For example, some IDS events are considered to be network wide so all events of that type (regardless of which access point the event is reported from) maps to a single alarm. On the other hand, other IDS events are client-specific. For these, all events of that type for a specific client MAC address will map to an alarm which is also specific for that client MAC address, regardless of whether multiple access points report the same IDS violation. If the same kind of IDS violation takes place for a different client, then a different alarm is raised.

A WCS administrator currently has no control over which events generate alarms, when they time out, or what severity they are. On the controller, individual types of events can be enabled or disabled (such as management, SNMP, trap controls, etc.).

Viewing IDS Signature Attacks

You can configure IDS signatures, or bit-pattern matching rules used to identify various types of attacks in incoming 802.11 packets, on the controller. When the signatures are enabled, the access points joined to the controller perform signature analysis on the received 802.11 data or management frames and report any discrepancies to the controller.

When these attacks are detected, the controller is notified, and the client can be shut off if desired. WCS displays summaries and details about IDS/IPS exclusion events and alarms as soon as it is notified by a WLAN controller. The summary and details are available through the Security page with a severity level of critical. When a possible intrusion attack by a wireless client occurs, a message appears which states that the Cisco Intrusion Detection System has recognized a possible intrusion attack and that the client will not be allowed access to the network.

To view the listing of all signature attacks that have been found, follow these steps.

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Step 1 Choose Monitor > Events or Monitor > Alarms.

Step 2 Choose Security from the Event Category drop-down and click Search.

You will see a list of the failure objects, their level of severity, the date and time of the attack, and a descriptive message. For more information on signatures and how to edit, upload, and download them, refer to the "Configuring Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)" section on page 3-7.

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Wireless LAN IDS Event Correlation

If more than one controller detects the same attack, only one alarm is generated for that attack. If multiple rogue access points are generating the same kind of network-wide attack, only one alarm is generated. For example, if a signature attack report is classified as MAC-specific, all attacks of a given kind on the same channel from a given rogue access point are grouped together. In this way, more useful details without duplication are given to WCS administrators whenever more than one controller is managed by WCS.

Alarm Dashboard

The number of active alarms for controllers, access points, location and rogue elements as well as alarms associated with entities such as coverage and security are actively displayed on the left-side of most WCS windows (see Figure 12-1).

Critical (red), Major (orange) and Minor (yellow) alarms are shown in the alarm dashboard, left -to-right.

Figure 12-1 Alarm Summary Block

To view a listing of a specific type of alarm (critical, major, or minor) for a specific product or entity (such as coverage), click on the appropriate box within the alarm dashboard and a window displaying details for that alarm type and product or entity appears (see Figure 12-2).

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Note You can also view alarm details for a specific product or entity by choosing Monitor > Alarms and then selecting the desired alarm level from the Severity drop-down menu and the product or entity type from the Alarm Category drop-down menu.

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Figure 12-2 Alarm Summary Page for Location

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Note You can click a box in the alarm dashboard to display alarm events for the entity and alarm type selected. For example, if you click on the minor alarms box for location the Alarms page for that specific item appears (see Figure 12-2). For more details on a specific alarm listed on the Alarms page, click on the Failure Object link (see Figure 12-3).

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Figure 12-3 Details for a Specific Failure Object (Alarm)

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Note You can use the drop-down menu at the upper-right of the Alarms page to assign, unassign, delete, or clear the alarm. The event history of the alarm is also accessible from this menu.

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Alarm and Event Dictionary

This section describes the event and alarm notifications that the wireless LAN controller, access points, and location appliances can receive. In addition, specific actions an administrator can do to address these alarms and events are described.

Notification Format

The following information is highlight for each alarm and event notification:

Table 12-1 Notification Format 

Field	Description
Title	The notification title is generally picked up from an event property file defined in the NMS.
MIB Name	The MIB Name is the name of the notification as defined in the management information base (MIB). In some cases, if the event is specific only to the NMS, this field is not relevant. You can define multiple events in WCS from the same trap based on the values of the variables present in the trap. In such cases, multiple subentries appear with the same MIB Name. In addition, this field displays the value of the variable that caused WCS to generate this event.
WCS Message	The WCS Message is a text string that reflects the message displayed in the WCS alarm or event browser associated with this event. Numbers such as "{0}" reflect internal WCS variables that typically are retrieved from variables in the trap. However, the order of the variables as they appear in the trap cannot be derived from the numbers.
Symptoms	This field displays the symptoms associated with this event.
WCS Severity	This field displays the severity assigned to this event in WCS.
Probable Causes	This field lists the probable causes of the notification.
Recommended Actions	This field lists any actions recommended for the administrator managing the wireless network.

Traps Added in Release 2.0

AP_BIG_NAV_DOS_ATTACK

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnApBigNavDosAttack.
WCS Message	The AP ''{0}'' with protocol ''{1}'' receives a message with a large NAV field and all traffic on the channel is suspended. This is most likely a malicious denial of service attack.
Symptoms	The system detected a possible denial of service attack and suspended all traffic to the affected channel.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	A malicious denial of service attack is underway.
Recommended Actions	Identify the source of the attack in the network and take the appropriate action immediately.

AP_CONTAINED_AS_ROGUE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPContainedAsARogue.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'' with protocol ''{1}'' on Switch ''{2}'' is contained as a Rogue preventing service.
Symptoms	An access point is reporting that it is being contained as a rogue.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	Another system is containing this access point.
Recommended Actions	Identify the system containing this access point. You may need to use a wireless sniffer.

AP_DETECTED_DUPLICATE_IP

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDuplicateIpAddressReported.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'' on Switch ''{3}'' detected duplicate IP address ''{2}'' being used by machine with mac address ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The system detects a duplicate IP address in the network that matches that assigned to an access point.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	Another device in the network is configured with the same IP address as an access point.
Recommended Actions	Correct the misconfiguration of IP addresses in the network.

AP_HAS_NO_RADIOS

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnApHasNoRadioCards.
WCS Message	Not supported in WCS yet.
Symptoms	An access point is reporting that it has no radio cards.
WCS Severity	Not applicable.
Probable Causes	Manufacturing fault or damage to the system during shipping.
Recommended Actions	Call customer support.

AP_MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnApMaxRogueCountClear.
WCS Message	Fake AP or other attack on AP with MAC address ''{0}'' associated with Switch ''{2}'' is cleared now. Rogue AP count is within the threshold of ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The number of rogues detected by a switch (controller) is within acceptable limits.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	N/A.
Recommended Actions	None.

AP_MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_EXCEEDED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnApMaxRogueCountExceeded.
WCS Message	Fake AP or other attack may be in progress. Rogue AP count on AP with MAC address ''{0}'' associated with Switch ''{2}'' has exceeded the security warning threshold of ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The number of rogues detected by a switch (controller) exceeds the internal threshold.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•There may be too many rogue access points in the network. •A fake access point attack may be in progress.
Recommended Actions	Identify the source of the rogue access points.

AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE (From MIB-II standard)

Field	Description
MIB Name	AuthenticationFailure.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. Authentication failure reported.
Symptoms	There was an SNMP authentication failure on the switch (controller).
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	An incorrect community string is in use by a management application.
Recommended Actions	Identify the source of the incorrect community string and correct the string within the management application.

BSN_AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAuthenticationFailure.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. User authentication from Switch ''{0}'' failed for user name ''{1}'' and user type ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A user authentication failure is reported for a local management user or a MAC filter is configured on the controller.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	Incorrect login attempt by an admin user from the controller CLI or controller GUI, or a client accessing the WLAN system.
Recommended Actions	If the user has forgotten the password, the superuser may need to reset it.

COLD_START (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

Field	Description
MIB Name	coldStart.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. Cold start.
Symptoms	The switch (controller) went through a reboot.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	•The switch (controller) has power-cycled. •The switch (controller) went through a hard reset. •The switch (controller) went through a software restart.
Recommended Actions	None.

CONFIG_SAVED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnConfigSaved.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. Configuration saved in flash.
Symptoms	A configuration save to flash is performed on the switch (controller).
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The switch (controller) saves the configuration to the flash using a CLI command or the controller GUI or WCS.
Recommended Actions	If you change the configuration using the controller CLI or controller GUI, you may need to refresh the configuration.

IPSEC_IKE_NEG_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnIpsecIkeNegFailure.
WCS Message	IPsec IKE Negotiation failure from remote IP address ''{0}''.
Symptoms	Unable to establish an IPsec tunnel between a client and a WLAN appliance.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	Configuration mismatch.
Recommended Actions	Validate configuration, verify that authentication credentials match (preshared keys or certificates); and verify that encryption algorithms and strengths match.

IPSEC_INVALID_COOKIE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnIpsecInvalidCookieTrap.
WCS Message	IPsec Invalid cookie from remote IP address ''{0}''.
Symptoms	Cannot successfully negotiate an IPsec session.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	Synchronization problem. The client believes a tunnel exists while the WLAN appliance does not. This problem often happens when the IPsec client does not detect a disassociation event.
Recommended Actions	Reset the IPsec client, then restart tunnel establishment.

LINK_DOWN (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

Field	Description
MIB Name	linkDown.
WCS Message	Port ''{0}'' is down on Switch ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The physical link on one of the switch (controller) ports is down.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•An access point or a port was manually disconnected from the network. •A port failure.
Recommended Actions	Troubleshoot physical network connectivity to the affected port.

LINK_UP (FROM MIB-II STANDARD)

Field	Description
MIB Name	linkUp.
WCS Message	Port ''{0}'' is up on Switch ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The physical link is up on a switch (controller) port.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A physical link to the switch (controller) is restored.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRAD_ASSOCIATED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPAssociated.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'' associated with Switch ''{2}'' on Port number ''{1}.''
Symptoms	An access point has associated with a switch (controller).
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	•A new access point has joined the network. •An access point has associated with a standby switch (controller) due to a failover. •An access point rebooted and reassociated with a switch (controller).
Recommended Actions	None.

LRAD_DISASSOCIATED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPDisassociated.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'' disassociated from Switch ''{1}.''
Symptoms	The switch (controller) is no longer detecting an access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	•A failure in the access point. •An access point is no longer on the network.
Recommended Actions	Check if the access point is powered up and has network connectivity to the switch (controller).

LRADIF_COVERAGE_PROFILE_FAILED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPCoverageProfileFailed.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Coverage threshold of ''{3}'' is violated. Total no. of clients is ''{5}'' and no. failed clients is ''{4}.''
Symptoms	Number of clients experiencing suboptimal performance has crossed the configured threshold.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	Many clients are wandering to the remote parts of the coverage area of this radio interface with no handoff alternative.
Recommended Actions	•If the configured threshold is too low, you may need to readjust it to a more optimal value. •If the coverage profile occurs on a more frequent basis, you may need to provide additional radio coverage. •If the power level of this radio can be manually controlled, you may need to boost it to increase the coverage area.

LRADIF_COVERAGE_PROFILE_PASSED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPCoverageProfileUpdatedToPass.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Coverage changed to acceptable.
Symptoms	A radio interface that was reporting coverage profile failure has reverted to an acceptable level.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The number of clients on this radio interface with suboptimal performance has dropped below the configured threshold.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_CURRENT_CHANNEL_CHANGED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPCurrentChannelChanged.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Channel changed to ''{2}''. Interference Energy before update was ''{3}'' and after update is ''{4}.''
Symptoms	The current channel assigned to a radio interface has automatically changed.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Possible interference on a channel has caused the radio management software on the controller to change the channel.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_CURRENT_TXPOWER_CHANGED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPCurrentTxPowerChanged.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Transmit Power Level changed to ''{2}.''
Symptoms	The power level has automatically changed on a radio interface.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The radio management software on the controller has modified the power level for optimal performance.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_DOWN

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPIfDown.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}'' is down.
Symptoms	A radio interface is out of service.
WCS Severity	Critical if not disabled, otherwise Informational.
Probable Causes	•A radio interface has failed. •An administrator has disabled a radio interface. •An access point has failed and is no longer detected by the controller.
Recommended Actions	If the access point is not administratively disabled, call customer support.

LRADIF_INTERFERENCE_PROFILE_FAILED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPInterferenceProfileFailed.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Interference threshold violated.
Symptoms	The interference detected on one or more channels is violated.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	There are other 802.11 devices in the same band that are causing interference on channels used by this system.
Recommended Actions	•If the interference threshold is configured to be too low, you may need to readjust it to a more optimum value. •Investigate interference sources such as other 802.11 devices in the vicinity of this radio interface. A possible workaround is adding one or more access points to distribute the current load or slightly increasing the threshold of the access point which is displaying this message. To perform this workaround, follow the steps below: 1. Choose Configure > Controllers. 2. Click on any IP address in that column of the All Controllers page. 3. From the left sidebar menu, choose 802.11a or 802.11b/g and then RRM Thresholds. 4. Adjust the Interference Threshold (%) in the Other Thresholds section.

LRADIF_INTERFERENCE_PROFILE_PASSED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPInterferenceProfileUpdatedToPass.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Interference changed to acceptable.
Symptoms	A radio interface reporting interference profile failure has reverted to an acceptable level.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The interference on this radio interface has dropped below the configured threshold.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_LOAD_PROFILE_FAILED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPLoadProfileFailed.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Load threshold violated.
Symptoms	A radio interface of an access point is reporting that the client load has crossed a configured threshold.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	There are too many clients associated with this radio interface.
Recommended Actions	•Verify the client count on this radio interface. If the threshold for this trap is too low, you may need to readjust it. •Add new capacity to the physical location if the client count is a frequent issue on this radio.

LRADIF_LOAD_PROFILE_PASSED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPLoadProfileUpdatedToPass.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Load changed to acceptable.
Symptoms	A radio interface that was reporting load profile failure has reverted to an acceptable level.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The load on this radio interface has dropped below the configured threshold.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_NOISE_PROFILE_FAILED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPNoiseProfileFailed.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Noise threshold violated.
Symptoms	The monitored noise level on this radio has crossed the configured threshold.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	Noise sources that adversely affect the frequencies on which the radio interface operates.
Recommended Actions	•If the noise threshold is too low, you may need to readjust it to a more optimal value. •Investigate noise sources in the vicinity of the radio interface (for example, microwave oven).

LRADIF_NOISE_PROFILE_PASSED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPNoiseProfileUpdatedToPass.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}''. Noise changed to acceptable.
Symptoms	A radio interface that was reporting noise profile failure has reverted to an acceptable level.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The noise on this radio interface has dropped below the configured threshold.
Recommended Actions	None.

LRADIF_UP

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPIfUp.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'', interface ''{1}'' is up.
Symptoms	A radio interface is back up.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	•An administrator has enabled a radio interface. •An access point has turned on. •A new access point has joined the network.
Recommended Actions	None.

MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnMaxRogueCountClear.
WCS Message	Fake AP or other attack is cleared now. Rogue AP count on system ''{0}'' is within the threshold of ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The number of rogues detected by a controller is within acceptable limits.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	N/A.
Recommended Actions	None.

MAX_ROGUE_COUNT_EXCEEDED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnMaxRogueCountExceeded.
WCS Message	Fake AP or other attack may be in progress. Rogue AP count on system ''{0}'' has exceeded the security warning threshold of ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The number of rogues detected by a controller exceeds the internal threshold.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•There are too many rogue access points in the network. •A fake access point attack is in progress.
Recommended Actions	Identify the source of the rogue access points.

MULTIPLE_USERS

Field	Description
MIB Name	multipleUsersTrap.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. Multiple users logged in.
Symptoms	Multiple users with the same login ID are logged in through the CLI.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The same user has logged in multiple times through the CLI interface.
Recommended Actions	Verify that the expected login sessions for the same user are valid.

NETWORK_DISABLED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnNetworkStateChanged (bsnNetworkState set to disabled).
WCS Message	Global ''{1}'' network status disabled on Switch with IP Address ''{0}''.
Symptoms	An administrator has disabled the global network for 802.11a and 802.11b/g.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Administrative command.
Recommended Actions	None.

NO_ACTIVITY_FOR_ROGUE_AP

Field	Description
MIB Name	This is a WCS-only event generated when no rogue activity is seen for a specific duration.
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' is cleared explicitly. It is not detected anymore.
Symptoms	A rogue access point is cleared from the management system due to inactivity.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A rogue access point is not located on any managed controller for a specified duration.
Recommended Actions	None.

POE_CONTROLLER_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnPOEControllerFailure.
WCS Message	The POE controller has failed on the Switch ''{0}.''
SYMPTOMS	A failure in the Power Over Ethernet (POE) unit is detected.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	The power of the Ethernet unit has failed.
Recommended Actions	Call customer support. The unit may need to be repaired.

RADIOS_EXCEEDED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRadiosExceedLicenseCount.
WCS Message	The Radios associated with Switch ''{0}'' exceeded license count ''{1}'' The current number of radios on this switch is ''{2}''.
Symptoms	The number of supported radios for a switch (controller) has exceeded the licensing limit.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The number of access points associated with the switch (controller) has exceeded the licensing limits.
Recommended Actions	Upgrade the license for the switch (controller) to support a higher number of access points.

RADIUS_SERVERS_FAILED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRADIUSServerNotResponding.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}''. RADIUS server(s) are not responding to authentication requests.
Symptoms	The switch (controller) is unable to reach any RADIUS server for authentication.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	Network connectivity to the RADIUS server is lost or the RADIUS server is down.
Recommended Actions	Verify the status of all configured RADIUS servers and their network connectivity.

ROGUE_AP_DETECTED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueAPDetected.
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' with SSID ''{3}'' and channel number ''{4}'' is detected by AP ''{1}'' Radio type ''{2}'' with RSSI ''{5}'' and SNR ''{6}''.
Symptoms	The system has detected a rogue access point.
WCS Severity	Minor if not on a wired network, Critical if on a wired network.
Probable Causes	•An illegal access point is connected to the network. •A known internal or external access point unknown to this system is detected as rogue.
Recommended Actions	•Verify the nature of the rogue access point by tracing it using its MAC address or the SSID, or by using location features to locate it physically. •If the access point is a known internal or external access point, acknowledge it or mark it as a known access point. Consider adding it to the known access point template within WCS. •If the access point is deemed to be a security threat, contain it using the management interface.

ROGUE_AP_NOT_ON_NETWORK

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueAPDetectedOnWiredNetwork (bsnRogueAPOnWiredNetwork is set to false).
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' is not able to connect to the wired network.
Symptoms	A rogue access point is no longer on the wired network.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The rogue access point is no longer reachable on the wired network.
Recommended Actions	None.

ROGUE_AP_ON_NETWORK

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueAPDetectedOnWiredNetwork.
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' is on wired network.
Symptoms	The system has detected a rogue access point on the wired network.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	The system has detected an illegal access point on the wired network.
Recommended Actions	•Determine if this is a known or valid access point in the system. If so, place it in the known access point list. •Contain the rogue access point using the system to prevent anyone from accessing it until the access point is traced using location or other features.

ROGUE_AP_REMOVED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueAPRemoved.
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' is removed; it was detected as Rogue AP by AP ''{1}'' Radio type ''{2}''.
Symptoms	The system is no longer detecting a rogue access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A rogue access point has powered off or moved away and therefore the system no longer detects it.
Recommended Actions	None.

RRM_DOT11_A_GROUPING_DONE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRrmDot11aGroupingDone.
WCS Message	RRM 802.11a grouping done; the new group leader's MAC address is ''{0}.''
Symptoms	The radio resource module is finished grouping for the A band and a new group leader is chosen.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The older RRM group leader may have shut down.
Recommended Actions	None.

RRM_DOT11_B_GROUPING_DONE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRrmDot11bGroupingDone.
WCS Message	RRM 802.11b/g grouping done; the new group leader's MAC address is ''{0}.''
Symptoms	The radio resource module finished its grouping for the B band and chose a new group leader.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The older RRM group leader may have shut down.
Recommended Actions	None.

SENSED_TEMPERATURE_HIGH

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnSensedTemperatureTooHigh.
WCS Message	The sensed temperature on the Switch ''{0}'' is too high. The current sensed temperature is ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The system's internal temperature has crossed the configured thresholds.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	•Fan failure. •Fault in the device.
Recommended Actions	•Verify the configured thresholds and increase the value if it is too low. •Call customer support.

SENSED_TEMPERATURE_LOW

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnSensedTemperatureTooLow.
WCS Message	The sensed temperature on the Switch ''{0}'' is too low. The current sensed temperature is ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The internal temperature of the device is below the configured limit in the system.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	•Operating environment. •Hardware fault.
Recommended Actions	•Verify the configured thresholds and ensure that the limit is appropriate. •Call customer support.

STATION_ASSOCIATE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationAssociate.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' is associated with AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A client has associated with an access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A client has associated with an access point.
Recommended Actions	None.

STATION_ASSOCIATE_FAIL

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationAssociateFail.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' failed to associate with AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}''. The reason code is ''{3}''.
Symptoms	A client station failed to associate with the system.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The access point was busy.
Recommended Actions	Check whether the access point is busy and reporting load profile failures.

STATION_AUTHENTICATE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationAssociate (bsnStationUserName is set).
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' with user name ''{3}'' is authenticated with AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A client has successfully authenticated with the system.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A client has successfully authenticated with the system.
Recommended Actions	None.

STATION_AUTHENTICATION_FAIL

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationAuthenticateFail.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' has failed authenticating with AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}''. The reason code is ''{3}''.
Symptoms	The system failed to authenticate a client.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Failed client authentication.
Recommended Actions	Check client configuration and configured keys or passwords in the system.

STATION_BLACKLISTED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationBlacklisted.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' which was associated with AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}'' is excluded. The reason code is ''{3}''.
Symptoms	A client is in the exclusion list and is not allowed to authenticate for a configured interval.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	•Repeated authentication or association failures from the client station. •A client is attempting to use an IP address assigned to another device.
Recommended Actions	•Verify the configuration or the client along with its credentials. •Remove the client from the exclusion list by using the management interface if the client needs to be allowed back into the network.

STATION_DEAUTHENTICATE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationDeauthenticate.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' is deauthenticated from AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}'' with reason code ''{3}''.
Symptoms	A client is no longer authenticated by the system.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A client is no longer authenticated by the system.
Recommended Actions	None.

STATION_DISASSOCIATE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDot11StationDisassociate.
WCS Message	Client ''{0}'' is disassociated from AP ''{1}'', interface ''{2}'' with reason code ''{3}''.
Symptoms	A client has disassociated with an access point in the system.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A station may disassociate due to various reasons such as inactivity timeout, or a forced action from the management interface.
Recommended Actions	None.

STATION_WEP_KEY_DECRYPT_ERROR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnWepKeyDecryptError.
WCS Message	The WEP Key configured at the station may be wrong. Station MAC Address is ''{0}'', AP MAC is ''{1}'' and Slot ID is ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A client station seems to have the wrong WEP key.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	A client has an incorrectly configured WEP key.
Recommended Actions	Identify the client and correct the WEP key configuration.

STATION_WPA_MIC_ERROR_COUNTER_ACTIVATED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnWpaMicErrorCounterActivated.
WCS Message	The AP ''{1}'' received a WPA MIC error on protocol ''{2}'' from Station ''{0}''. Counter measures have been activated and traffic has been suspended for 60 seconds.
Symptoms	A client station has detected a WPA MIC error.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	A possible hacking attempt is underway.
Recommended Actions	Identify the station that is the source of this threat.

SWITCH_DETECTED_DUPLICATE_IP

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnDuplicateIpAddressReported.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}'' detected duplicate IP address ''{0}'' being used by machine with mac address ''{1}''.
Symptoms	The system has detected a duplicate IP address in the network that is assigned to the switch (controller).
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	Another device in the network is configured with the same IP address as that of the switch (controller).
Recommended Actions	Correct the misconfiguration of IP addresses in the network.

SWITCH_DOWN

Field	Description
MIB Name	This is a WCS-only event.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}'' is unreachable.
Symptoms	A switch (controller) is unreachable from the management system.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•The switch (controller) has encountered hardware or software failure. •There are network connectivity issues between the management station and the switch (controller). •The configured SNMP community strings on the management station or the switch (controller) are incorrect.
Recommended Actions	•Check if the switch (controller) is powered up and reachable through the web interface. •Ping the switch (controller) from the management station to verify if there is IP connectivity. •Check the community strings configured on the management station.

SWITCH_UP

Field	Description
MIB Name	This is a WCS-only event.
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}'' is reachable.
Symptoms	A switch (controller) is now reachable from the management station.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A switch (controller) is reachable from the management station.
Recommended Actions	None.

TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTemperatureSensorClear.
WCS Message	The temperature sensor is working now on the switch "{0}". The sensed temperature is "{1}".
Symptoms	The temperature sensor is operational.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The system is detecting the temperature sensor to be operational now.
Recommended Actions	None.

TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTemperatureSensorFailure.
WCS Message	The temperature sensor failed on the Switch ''{0}''. Temperature is unknown.
Symptoms	The system is reporting that a temperature sensor has failed and the system is unable to report accurate temperature.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The temperature sensor has failed due to hardware failure.
Recommended Actions	Call customer support.

TOO_MANY_USER_UNSUCCESSFUL_LOGINS

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTooManyUnsuccessLoginAttempts.
WCS Message	User ''{1}'' with IP Address ''{0}'' has made too many unsuccessful login attempts.
Symptoms	A management user has made too many login attempts.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•An admin user has made too many login attempts. •An attempt to break into the administration account of the management system.
Recommended Actions	•Identify the source of the login attempts and take the appropriate action. •Increase the value of the login attempt threshold if it is too low.

Traps Added in Release 2.1

ADHOC_ROGUE_AUTO_CONTAINED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAdhocRogueAutoContained.
WCS Message	Adhoc Rogue ''{0}'' was found and is auto contained as per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system detected an adhoc rogue and automatically contained it.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system detected an adhoc rogue and automatically contained it as configured in the system's wireless prevention policy.
Recommended Actions	Identify the adhoc rogue through the location application and take the appropriate action.

ADHOC_ROGUE_AUTO_CONTAINED_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAdhocRogueAutoContained (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
WCS Message	Adhoc Rogue ''{0}'' was found and was auto contained. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	An adhoc rogue that the system has detected earlier is now clear.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The system no longer detects an adhoc rogue.
Recommended Actions	None.

NETWORK_ENABLED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnNetworkStateChanged (bsnNetworkState set to enabled).
WCS Message	Global ''{1}'' network status enabled on Switch with IP Address ''{0}''.
Symptoms	An administrator has enabled the global network for 802.11a or 802.11b/g.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Administrative command.
Recommended Actions	None.

ROGUE_AP_AUTO_CONTAINED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueApAutoContained.
WCS Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' is advertising our SSID and is auto contained as per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system has automatically contained a rogue access point.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system detected an adhoc rogue and automatically contained it as configured in the system's wireless prevention policy.
Recommended Actions	•Track the location of the rogue and take the appropriate action. •If this is a known valid access point, clear the rogue from containment.

ROGUE_AP_AUTO_CONTAINED_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRogueApAutoContained (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
Message	Rogue AP ''{0}'' was advertising our SSID and was auto contained. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has cleared a previously contained rogue.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The system has cleared a previously contained rogue.
Recommended Actions	None.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_ENCRYPTION

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidEncryption.
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' is invalid encryption. It is using ''{1}'' instead of ''{2}''. It is auto contained as per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system automatically contained a trusted access point that has invalid encryption.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system automatically contained a trusted access point that violated the configured encryption policy.
Recommended Actions	Identify the trusted access point and take the appropriate action.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_ENCRYPTION_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidEncryption (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' had invalid encryption. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has cleared a previous alert about a trusted access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The trusted access point has now conformed to the configured encryption policy.
Recommended Actions	None.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_RADIO_POLICY

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidRadioPolicy.
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' has invalid radio policy. It is using ''{1}'' instead of ''{2}''. It has been auto contained as per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system has contained a trusted access point with an invalid radio policy.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system has contained a trusted access point connected to the wireless system for violating the configured radio policy.
Recommended Actions	Identify the trusted access point and take the appropriate action.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_RADIO_POLICY_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidRadioPolicy (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' had invalid radio policy. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has cleared a previous alert about a trusted access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The trusted access point has now conformed to the configured encryption policy.
Recommended Actions	None.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_SSID

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidSsid.
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' has invalid SSID. It was auto contained per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system has automatically contained a trusted access point for advertising an invalid SSID.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system has automatically contained a trusted access point for violating the configured SSID policy.
Recommended Actions	Identify the trusted access point and take the appropriate action.

TRUSTED_AP_INVALID_SSID_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidSsid (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' had invalid SSID. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has cleared a previous alert about a trusted access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The trusted access point has now conformed to the configured policy.
Recommended Actions	None.

TRUSTED_AP_MISSING

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApIsMissing.
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' is missing or has failed.
Symptoms	The wireless system no longer detects a trusted access point.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	A trusted access point has left the network or has failed.
Recommended Actions	Track down the trusted access point and take the appropriate action.

TRUSTED_AP_MISSING_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApIsMissing (bsnClearTrapVariable set to true).
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' is missing or has failed. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has found a trusted access point again.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The system has detected a previously missing trusted access point.
Recommended Actions	None.

Traps Added in Release 2.2

AP_IMPERSONATION_DETECTED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPImpersonationDetected.
WCS Message	AP Impersonation with MAC ''{0}'' is detected by authenticated AP ''{1}'' on ''{2}'' radio and Slot ID ''{3}''.
Symptoms	A radio of an authenticated access point has heard from another access point whose MAC Address neither matches that of a rogue nor is it an authenticated neighbor of the detecting access point.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	A security breach related to access point impersonation may be under way.
Recommended Actions	Track down the MAC address of the impersonating access point in the network and contain it.

AP_RADIO_CARD_RX_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPRadioCardRxFailure.
WCS Message	Receiver failure detected on the ''{0}'' radio of AP ''{1}'' on Switch ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A radio card is unable to receive data.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•A radio card is experiencing reception failure. •The antenna of the radio may be disconnected.
Recommended Actions	•Check the access point's antenna connection. •Call customer support.

AP_RADIO_CARD_RX_FAILURE_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPRadioCardRxFailureClear.
WCS Message	Receiver failure cleared on the ''{0}'' radio of AP ''{1}'' on Switch ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A radio is no longer experiencing reception failure.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A malfunction in the access point has been corrected.
Recommended Actions	None.

AP_RADIO_CARD_TX_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPRadioCardTxFailure.
WCS Message	Transmitter failure detected on the ''{0}'' radio of AP ''{1}'' on Switch ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A radio card is unable to transmit.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•A radio card is experiencing transmission failure. •The antenna of the radio may be disconnected.
Recommended Actions	•Check the antenna of the access point. •Call customer support.

AP_RADIO_CARD_TX_FAILURE_CLEAR

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPRadioCardTxFailureClear.
WCS Message	Transmitter failure cleared on the ''{0}'' radio of AP ''{1}'' on Switch ''{2}''.
Symptoms	A radio is no longer experiencing transmission failure.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	A malfunction in the access point has been corrected.
Recommended Actions	None.

SIGNATURE_ATTACK_CLEARED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnSignatureAttackDetected (bsnClearTrapVariable is set to True).
WCS Message	Switch ''{0}'' is cleared from IDS signature attack. The wireless system is no longer detecting the intrusion.
Symptoms	The switch (controller) no longer detects a signature attack.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The signature attack that the system previously detected has stopped.
Recommended Actions	None.

SIGNATURE_ATTACK_DETECTED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnSignatureAttackDetected
WCS Message	IDS Signature attack detected on Switch ''{0}''. The Signature Type is ''{1}'', Signature Name is ''{2}'' and Signature description is ''{3}''.
Symptoms	The switch (controller) is detecting a signature attack. The switch (controller) has a list of signatures that it monitors. When it detects a signature, it provides the name of the signature attack in the alert it generates.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	Someone is mounting a malevolent signature attack.
Recommended Actions	Track down the source of the signature attack in the wireless network and take the appropriate action.

TRUSTED_AP_HAS_INVALID_PREAMBLE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidPreamble.
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' on Switch ''{3}'' has invalid preamble. It is using ''{1}'' instead of ''{2}''. It has been auto contained as per WPS policy.
Symptoms	The system has contained a trusted rogue access point for using an invalid preamble.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The system has detected a possible security breach because a rogue is transmitting an invalid preamble.
Recommended Actions	Locate the rogue access point using location features or the access point detecting it and take the appropriate actions.

TRUSTED_AP_HAS_INVALID_PREAMBLE_CLEARED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnTrustedApHasInvalidPreamble (bsnClearTrapVariable is set to true).
WCS Message	Trusted AP ''{0}'' on Switch ''{3}'' had invalid preamble. The alert state is clear now.
Symptoms	The system has cleared a previous alert about a trusted access point.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	The system has cleared a previous alert about a trusted access point.
Recommended Actions	None.

Traps Added in Release 3.0

AP_FUNCTIONALITY_DISABLED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPFunctionalityDisabled.
WCS Message	AP functionality is disabled for key ''{0}'', reason being ''{1}'' for feature-set ''{2}''.
Symptoms	The system sends this trap out when the controller disables access point functionality because the license key has expired.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	When the controller boots up, it checks whether the feature license key matches the controller's software image. If it does not, the controller disables access point functionality.
Recommended Actions	Configure the correct license key on the controller and reboot it to restore access point functionality.

AP_IP_ADDRESS_FALLBACK

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPIPAddressFallback.
WCS Message	AP ''{0}'' with static-ip configured as ''{2}'' has fallen back to the working DHCP address ''{1}''.
Symptoms	This trap is sent out when an access point, with the configured static ip-address, fails to establish connection with the outside world and starts using DHCP as a fallback option.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	If the configured IP address on the access point is incorrect or obsolete, and if the AP Fallback option is enabled on the switch (controller), the access point starts using DHCP.
Recommended Actions	Reconfigure the access point's static IP to the correct IP address if desired.

AP_REGULATORY_DOMAIN_MISMATCH

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPRegulatoryDomainMismatch.
WCS Message	AP ''{1}'' is unable to associate. The Regulatory Domain configured on it ''{3}'' does not match the Controller ''{0}'' country code ''{2}''.
Symptoms	The system generates this trap when an access point's regulatory domain does not match the country code configured on the controller. Due to the country code mismatch, the access point will fail to associate with the controller.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•If someone changes the controller's country code configuration and some of the existing access points support a different country code, these access points fail to associate. •An access point on the controller's network sends join requests to the controller but the regulatory domain is outside the domain in which the controller is operating.
Recommended Actions	Either remove the access points that are not meant for inclusion in the controller's domain or correct the controller's country code setting.

RX_MULTICAST_QUEUE_FULL

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRxMulticastQueueFull.
WCS Message	CPU Receive Multicast Queue is full on Controller ''{0}''.
Symptoms	This trap indicates that the CPU's Receive Multicast queue is full.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	An ARP storm.
Recommended Actions	None.

Traps Added in Release 3.1

AP_AUTHORIZATION_FAILURE

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPAuthorizationFailure
WCS Message	•Failed to authorize AP "{0}". Authorization entry does not exist in Controllers "{1}" AP Authorization List. •Failed to authorize AP "{0}". AP's authorization key does not match with SHA1 key in Controllers "{1}" AP Authorization List. •Failed to authorize AP "{0}". Controller "{1}" could not verify the Self Signed Certificate from the AP. •Failed to authorize AP "{0}". AP has a self signed certificate where as the Controllers "{1}" AP authorization list has Manufactured Installed Certificate for this AP.
Symptoms	An alert is generated when an access point fails to associate with a controller due to authorization issues.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	•The access point is not on the controller's access point authorization list. •The key entry in the controller's access point authorization list does not match the SHA1 key received from the access point. •The access point self-signed certificate is not valid. •The access point has a self-signed certificate and the controller's access point authorization list (for the given access point) references a manufactured installed certificate.
Recommended Actions	•Add the access point to the controller's authorization list. •Update the access point's authorization key to match the controller's access point key. •Check the accuracy of the access point's self-signed certificate. •Check the certificate type of the access point in the controller's access point authorization list.

HEARTBEAT_LOSS_TRAP

Field	Description
MIB Name	heartbeatLossTrap.
WCS Message	Keepalive messages are lost between Master and Controller''{0}''."
Symptoms	This trap will be generated when the controller loses connection with the Supervisor Switch (in which it is physically embedded) and the controller cannot hear the heartbeat (keepalives) from the Supervisor.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	•Port on the WiSM controller could be down. •Loss of connection with the Supervisor Switch.
Recommended Actions	None.

INVALID_RADIO_INTERFACE

Field	Description
MIB Name	invalidRadioTrap.
WCS Message	Radio with MAC address "{0}" and protocol "{1}" that has joined controller "{2}" has invalid interface. The reason is "{3}."
Symptoms	When the controller detects that a Cisco access point that has joined has unsupported radios, the controller generates a trap and it is propagated as an alert in WCS.
WCS Severity	Critical.
Probable Causes	The radio hardware is not supported by the controller.
Recommended Actions	None.

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRadarChannelCleared
WCS Message	Radar has been cleared on channel ''{1}'' which was detected by AP base radio MAC ''{0}'' on radio 802.11a.
Symptoms	Trap is generated after the expiry of a non-occupancy period for a channel that previously generated a radar trap.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Trap is cleared on a channel.
Recommended Actions	None.

RADAR_CLEARED

RADAR_DETECTED

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnRadarChannelDetected
WCS Message	Radar has been detected on channel ''{1}'' by AP base radio MAC ''{0}'' on radio 802.11a.
Symptoms	This trap is generated when radar is detected on the channel on which an access point is currently operating.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Radar is detected on a channel.
Recommended Actions	None.

RADIO_CORE_DUMP

Field	Description
MIB Name	radioCoreDumpTrap
WCS Message	Radio with MAC address "{0}" and protocol "{1}" has core dump on controller "{2}".
Symptoms	When a Cisco radio fails and a core dump occurs, the controller generates a trap and WCS generates an event for this trap.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Radio failure.
Recommended Actions	Capture the core dump file using the controller's command line interface and send to TAC support.

RADIO_INTERFACE_DOWN

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPIfDown.
WCS Message	Radio with MAC address "{0}" and protocol "{1}" is down. The reason is "{2}"
Symptoms	When a radio interface is down, WCS generates an alert. Reason for the radio outage is also noted.
WCS Severity	Critical if not manually disabled. Informational if radio interface was manually disabled.
Probable Causes	•The radio interface has failed. •The access point is not able to draw enough power. •The maximum number of transmissions for the access point is reached. •The access point has lost connection with the controller heart beat. •The admin status of the access point admin is disabled. •The admin status of the radio is disabled.
Recommended Actions	None.

RADIO_INTERFACE_UP

Field	Description
MIB Name	bsnAPIfUp.
WCS Message	Radio with MAC address "{0}" and protocol "{1}" is up. The reason is "{2}."
Symptoms	When a radio interface is operational again, WCS clears the previous alert. Reason for the radio being up again is also noted.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	•Admin status of access point is enabled. •Admin status of radio is enabled. •Global network admin status is enabled.
Recommended Actions	None.

UNSUPPORTED_AP

Field	Description
MIB Name	unsupportedAPTrap.
WCS Message	AP "{0}" tried to join controller "{1}" and failed. The controller does not support this kind of AP."
Symptoms	When unsupported access points try to join 40xx/410x controllers or 3500 controller with 64 MB flash, these controllers generate a trap and the trap is propagated as an event in WCS.
WCS Severity	Informational.
Probable Causes	Access point is not supported by the controller.
Recommended Actions	None.

Traps Added in Release 3.2

LOCATION_NOTIFY_TRAP

Field	Description
MIB Name	locationNotifyTrap.
WCS Message	Depending on the notification condition reported, the trap is sent out in an XML format and is reflected in WCS with the following alert messages: •Absence of <Element> with MAC <macAddress>, last seen at <timestamp>. •<Element> with MAC <macAddress> is <In | Out> the Area <campus | building | floor | coverageArea>. •<Element> with MAC <macAddress> has moved beyond <specifiedDistance> ft. of marker <MarkerName>, located at a range of <foundDistance> ft. For detailed info on the XML format for the trap content, consult the 2700 Location Appliance Configuration Guide.
Symptoms	A 2700 location appliance sends this trap out when the defined location notification conditions are met (such at element outside area, elements missing, and elements exceeded specified distance). WCS uses this trap to display alarms about location notification conditions.
WCS Severity	Minor (under the Location Notification dashboard).
Probable Causes	The location notification conditions configured for a 2700 location appliance are met for certain elements on the network.
Recommended Actions	None.

Traps Added in Release 4.0

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_AUTHORIZATION_FAILURE

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshAuthorizationFailure
WCS Message	Fails to authenticate with controller.
Symptoms	WCS receives a trap from the controller. The trap contains the MAC addresses of those access points that failed authorization.
WCS Severity	Minor.
Probable Causes	The access point tried to join the MESH but failed to authenticate because the MESH node MAC address was not on the MAC filter list.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CHILD_EXCLUDED _PARENT

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshChildExcludedParent
WCS Message	Parent AP being excluded by child AP.
Symptoms	When a child fails authentication at the controller after a fixed number of attempts, the child can exclude that parent. The child remembers the excluded parent. When the child joins the network, it sends a trap noting the excluded parent's MAC address and the duration of the exclusion period.
WCS Severity	Info.
Probable Causes	A child marked a parent for exclusion.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CHILD_MOVED

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshChildMoved
WCS Message	Child moved.
Symptoms	When the parent access point detects a child being lost and communication is halted, the child lost trap is sent to WCS, along with the child MAC address.
WCS Severity	Info.
Probable Causes	The child moved from the parent.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_CONSOLE_LOGIN

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshConsoleLogin
WCS Message	Console login successful or failed.
Symptoms	The console port provides the ability for the customer to change the user name and password to recover the stranded outdoor access point. To prevent any unauthorized user access to the access point, WCS sends an alarm when someone tries to log in. This alarm is required to provide protection because the access point is physically vulnerable being located outdoors.
WCS Severity	A login is of critical severity.
Probable Causes	You have successfully logged in to the access point console port or failed on three consecutive tries.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_EXCESSIVE_ASSOCIATION _FAILURE

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshExcessiveAssociationFailure
WCS Message	Excessive association failures.
Symptoms	This trap is raised after a failed-association-attempt exceeds the threshold (which is not user configurable). Association failures are cumulative of the total failures from multiple mesh access points. The trap sent by the controller contains the MAC address of the access point on which the association failed and the number of association failures.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The controller encountered excessive association failures.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_EXCESSIVE_PARENT _CHANGE

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshExcessiveParentChange
WCS Message	Parent changed frequently.
Symptoms	When mesh access point (MAP) parent-change-counter exceeds the threshold within a given duration, a trap is sent to WCS. The trap contains the number of parent changes and time duration of the changes. The threshold is user configurable.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The MESH access point changed its parent frequently.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_PARENT_CHANGE

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshParentChange
WCS Message	Parent changed.
Symptoms	When the parent is lost, the child joins with another parent, and the child sends traps containing the MAC address of both the old parent and new parent.
WCS Severity	Info.
Probable Causes	The child moved to another parent.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_PARENT_EXCLUDED _CHILD

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshParentExcludedChild
WCS Message	Excluded by parent AP due to failed authentication.
Symptoms	When a child keeps failing authentication at the controller, the parent can mark that child for exclusion. The child cannot associate with the parent during this exclusion period. The trap contains the excluded child MAC address.
WCS Severity	Info.
Probable Causes	A parent marked a child for exclusion.
Recommended Actions	None.

CISCO_LWAPP_MESH_POOR_SNR

MIB Name	ciscoLwappMeshPoorSNR
WCS Message	Poor SNR.
Symptoms	Signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio is important because high signal strength is not enough to ensure good receiver performance. The incoming signal must be stronger than any noise or interference that is present. For example, you can have high signal strength and still have poor wireless performance if there is strong interference or a high noise level.
WCS Severity	Major.
Probable Causes	The link SNR fell below 12 db. The threshold level cannot be changed. If poor SNR is detected on the backhaul link for a child or parent, the trap is generated and contains SNR values and MAC addresses.
Recommended Actions	None.

Unsupported Traps

•BROADCAST_STORM_START: broadcastStormStartTrap

•FAN_FAILURE: fanFailureTrap

•POWER_SUPPLY_STATUS_CHANGE: powerSupplyStatusChangeTrap

•BROADCAST_STORM_END: broadcastStormEndTrap

•VLAN_REQUEST_FAILURE: vlanRequestFailureTrap

•VLAN_DELETE_LAST: vlanDeleteLastTrap

•VLAN_DEFAULT_CFG_FAILURE: vlanDefaultCfgFailureTrap

•VLAN_RESTORE_FAILURE_TRAP: vlanRestoreFailureTrap

•IPSEC_ESP_AUTH_FAILURE: bsnIpsecEspAuthFailureTrap

•IPSEC_ESP_REPLAY_FAILURE: bsnIpsecEspReplayFailureTrap

•IPSEC_ESP_INVALID_SPI: bsnIpsecEspInvalidSpiTrap

•LRAD_UP: bsnAPUp

•LRAD_DOWN: bsnAPDown

•STP_NEWROOT: stpInstanceNewRootTrap

•STP_TOPOLOGY_CHANGE: stpInstanceTopologyChangeTrap

•IPSEC_SUITE_NEG_FAILURE: bsnIpsecSuiteNegFailure

•BSN_DOT11_ESS_CREATED: bsnDot11EssCreated

•BSN_DOT11_ESS_DELETED BSNDOT11ESSDELETED

•LRADIF_RTS_THRESHOLD_CHANGED

•LRADIF_ED_THRESHOLD_CHANGED

•LRADIF_FRAGMENTATION_THRESHOLD_CHANGED

•WARM_START: warmStart

•LINK_FAILURE: linkFailureTrap