本文檔介紹跨多個階段的WiFi7 AP加入故障的故障排除。
當新的WiFi7 AP被解除盒裝且無法正確引導時,首先檢查LED狀態和控制檯啟動日誌。您可以參考特定AP型號的硬體安裝指南,檢查各種AP條件的LED狀態:WiFi7 AP安裝指南
如果AP無法獲取IP地址,在AP控制檯上,您可以看到處於0天離線遷移模式的AP:
在<Meraki>控制檯提示符下運行offline-migration-info,以獲取當前日誌和遷移嘗試的狀態。
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:36.528] AP in day0 - offline migration
如果AP保持此狀態:
AP上行鏈路捕獲:AP和DHCP伺服器之間的DHCP事務(DORA)成功CW917x系列接入點(AP)使用的遷移機制與舊的Catalyst 9100系列AP不同。要將CW917x AP轉換為Catalyst模式,該過程依賴於特定網路配置,包括DHCP選項、DNS設定和雲可達性。
AP首先嘗試使用DHCP選項43方法。如果沒有設定值或IP無法連線,它會回退到DNS方法。以下是可能會中斷此轉換過程的常見問題。
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:36.528] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:06:54.265] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.1)
| [2000-01-01 00:07:59.65 ] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:08:04.112] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:08:04.113] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:08:04.113] [fast-offline-migration] waiting for 420sec before taking any migration decision
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:48.388] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:02:59.526] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.2)
| [2000-01-01 00:04:00.774] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:04:10.799] [fast-offline-migration][v4][icmp] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.201 is unreachable >> Here 10.127.197.201 is IP of Switch present in Network
| [2000-01-01 00:04:15.906] [fast-offline-migration][v4][capwap] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.201 is down
| [2000-01-01 00:04:15.906] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:04:15.906] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
AP上行鏈路捕獲:無法通過ICMP訪問已解析的IP
附註:
AP始終執行ICMP可達性測試,然後執行CAPWAP可達性測試。
當網路中沒有WLC時,可以使用ICMP連線機制。
如果存取點(AP)透過DHCP選項43(0xF3)取得無線LAN控制器(WLC)IP位址,且無法存取從AP到WLC IP的CAPWAP流量,但提供對WLC IP的ICMP連線能力,則AP仍可切換到Catalyst模式。
如果存取點(AP)透過DHCP選項43(0xF3)取得在不受支援的版本中執行的無線LAN控制器(WLC)IP位址,但提供對WLC IP的ICMP連線能力,則AP仍可切換到Catalyst模式。但是無法加入WLC。
以下是具有ICMP可達性的成功遷移:
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:49.2 ] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:03:00.367] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.2)
| [2000-01-01 00:04:03.34 ] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:04:08.56 ] [fast-offline-migration][v4][icmp] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.201 is reachable
| [2000-01-01 00:04:08.56 ] [fast-offline-migration][DHCP][IPv4] migrate to Catalyst
AP上行鏈路捕獲:通過ICMP可達性成功將AP快速遷移到Catalyst模式
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:36.600] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:02:49.984] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.1)
| [2000-01-01 00:03:53.950] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:04:03.966] [fast-offline-migration][v4][icmp] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.196 is unreachable
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.42 ] [fast-offline-migration][v4][capwap] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.196 is unsupported - version 17.12.4.22
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.42 ] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.43 ] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.43 ] [fast-offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.43 ] [fast-offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:04:04.43 ] [fast-offline-migration] waiting for 420sec before taking any migration decision
如果接入點(AP)無法使用DHCP完成快速離線遷移,則嘗試使用DNS方法。最初,AP驗證它是否從DHCP伺服器收到有效的域名(選項15)和DNS伺服器IP地址(選項6)。使用此資訊,AP會嘗試解析主機名cisco-automigrate。<domain>。如果此解析成功,則AP繼續遷移到Catalyst模式。
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:48.565] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:02:59.840] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.2)
| [2026-06-24 11:11:58.392] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.438] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.438] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.529] [fast-offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain) >> DNS Option Missing in DHCP Response
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.529] [fast-offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
AP上行鏈路捕獲:DHCP響應上缺少DNS伺服器和域名
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:00:48.565] AP in day0 - offline migration
| [2000-01-01 00:02:59.840] [init] start offline migration detection (v1.2)
| [2026-06-24 11:11:58.392] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.438] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.438] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.529] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DNS >> It received a DNS server and domain but unable to resolve the hostname
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.529] [fast-offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2026-06-24 11:12:03.529] [fast-offline-migration] waiting for 420sec before taking any migration decision
AP上行鏈路捕獲:DHCP響應中存在有效的DNS伺服器和域名
AP上行鏈路捕獲:主機名解析失敗
<Meraki> offline-migration-info
| [2000-01-01 00:01:58.622] [init] start offline migration detection
| [2000-01-01 00:03:05.252] [fast-offline-migration-delay] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:04:05.156] [fast-offline-migration][v4] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:04:15.290] [fast-offline-migration][v6] no fast offline migration by DHCP
| [2000-01-01 00:04:20.271] [fast-offline-migration][v4][icmp] DNS automigrate: WLC 10.27.XX.XX is not alive >> No ICMP reachability to hostname resolved IP
如果AP未能成功進行快速離線遷移,它將嘗試連線到Meraki雲以檢查是否已在大約7分鐘內將其新增到Meraki網路。如果在此時間段內AP與Meraki雲保持通訊並新增到網路,則可以切換到Meraki模式。
但是,如果7分鐘後AP仍無法到達Meraki雲或者未新增到網路,並且未配置靜態IP地址,則它會通過DHCP更新其IP地址。在此階段,AP進入離線遷移階段。在離線遷移中,AP使用DHCP、DNS和第2層發現方法查詢網路上的無線LAN控制器(WLC)詳細資訊,然後切換到Catalyst模式。離線遷移過程中可能會遇到各種問題
!! No valid WLC IP recievd on DHCP Option 43 0xF1 !!
| [2000-01-01 00:14:19.658][fast-offline-migration] waiting for 0min before taking any migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.101] [offline-migration] forcing DHCP renew
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.102] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43 >> No valid WLC IPv4 received
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] no WLC IP in DHCP option 52 >> No valid WLC IPv4 received
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
!! No CAPWAP reachability to recieved IP !!
| [2000-01-01 00:10:50.713] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:10:50.713] [offline-migration][v4] WLC IP present in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:10:55.759] [offline-migration][v4][capwap] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.196 is down
!! WLC IP received on DHCP option is running on unsupported release !!
| [2000-01-01 00:39:44.529] [fast-offline-migration] waiting for 48sec before taking any migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:40:35.585] [offline-migration] forcing DHCP renew
| [2000-01-01 00:40:35.586] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.592] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.593] [offline-migration][v4] WLC IP present in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.675] [offline-migration][v4][capwap] DHCP: WLC 10.127.197.196 is unsupported - version 17.12.4.22
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.675] [offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.675] [offline-migration][v6] no WLC IP in DHCP option 52
| [2000-01-01 00:40:41.675] [offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
當使用DHCP選項進行離線遷移失敗時,訪問點(AP)會嘗試從DHCP回覆中提取域名和DNS伺服器資訊來執行DNS選項。此程式可能會導致錯誤:
!! No valid DNS server or domain name received in DHCP reply !!
| [2000-01-01 00:14:19.658][fast-offline-migration] waiting for 0min before taking any migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.101] [offline-migration] forcing DHCP renew
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.102] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] no WLC IP in DHCP option 52
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
!! Unable to resolve the hostname cisco-capwap-controller.!!
| [2026-06-24 11:19:12.395] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2026-06-24 11:19:12.395] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43
| [2026-06-24 11:19:12.479] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP resolved by DNS
| [2026-06-24 11:19:12.527] [offline-migration][v4] no PnP IP resolved by DNS
!! No CAPWAP reachability or unsupported version !!
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.102] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] WLC IP resolved by DNS: 10.127.197.233
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v4][capwap] DNS: WLC 172.16.30.10 is not valid/ unsupported version 17.12.4.22
如果DHCP和DNS方法都失敗,AP將廣播第2層CAPWAP發現請求。常見錯誤包括:
| [2000-01-01 00:23:37.901] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST為此,請確保在無線控制器(WLC)上啟用自動CAPWAP自註冊,以接受單播和廣播探索請求。附註:預設情況下,此設定處於禁用狀態,它可以在第0天模式下拒絕專門來自全域性使用AP的任何CAPWAP發現請求。在預設AP加入配置檔案中啟用此設定。AP最初加入控制器時使用此配置檔案
| [2000-01-01 00:23:42.949] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:23:42.949] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:23:42.949] [offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:23:42.950] [offline-migration][v6] no WLC IP in DHCP option 52
| [2000-01-01 00:23:42.950] [offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:23:48.22 ] [offline-migration][v4][capwap-l2] 0 WLC(s) detected (unsupported)
| [2000-01-01 00:23:53.66 ] [offline-migration][v6][capwap-l2] 0 WLC(s) detected (unsupported)
| [2000-01-01 00:23:53.66 ] [offline-migration] no migration & not claimed => restart detection
CW9800(config)#ap profile default-ap-profile
CW9800(config-ap-profile)#capwap-discovery onboarding ?
all Configure automatic CAPWAP onboarding from Meraki based on both unicast and broadcast discovery request
unicast Configure automatic CAPWAP onboarding from Meraki based on unicast discovery request only
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.101] [offline-migration] forcing DHCP renew
| [2000-01-01 00:15:07.102] [offline-migration] forcing DHCPv6 INFORMATION REQUEST
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration] migration decision
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] no WLC IP in DHCP option 43
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.150] [offline-migration][v4] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] no WLC IP in DHCP option 52
| [2000-01-01 00:15:12.151] [offline-migration][v6] missing DNS config (server and/or domain)
| [2000-01-01 00:15:17.193] [offline-migration][v4][capwap-l2] 1 WLC(s) detected (unsupported)
| [2000-01-01 00:15:17.283] [offline-migration][v4][capwap-l2] - unsupported - 10.127.197.196 - 17.12.4.22
AP成功轉換為CATALYST模式後,會使用與其他Catalyst AP相同的加入過程來連線到9800無線LAN控制器。問題可能出現在三個階段:
通過參考以下內容,應用相同的故障排除方法:
瞭解使用 Catalyst 9800 WLC 的 AP 加入流程.
CW917x系列AP沒有預定義的管制域。無法通過控制器在CW917x系列AP上手動配置國家/地區代碼。相反,AP使用多種方法自動確定國家代碼,如接近檢測(RF和CDP/LLDP)、GPS/GNSS和WLC上的RAF檔案。
在對管制域進行故障排除之前,請確認要在您的9800控制器版本上配置的國家/地區支援特定的CW917x系列AP型號。如果不支援該國家/地區,則兩個無線電保持關閉狀態。
您可以根據特定AP型號的技術參考和接入點功能表的WLC版本驗證國家/地區到管道的對映,並確認特定控制器版本是否提供針對CW917x系列AP的特定國家/地區支援。
此外,您可以檢視文檔,該文檔概述了來自Cisco CW917x Wi-Fi 7接入點國家/地區代碼和階段的CW917x AP的每個國家/地區的監管階段
驗證CW917x系列接入點的WLC版本是否支援您所在的國家/地區,然後檢查AP是否可以使用受支援的方法之一解析其管制域。如果AP沒有解析管制域,您可以看到AP狀態:
WLC#show ap summary
Number of APs: 2
CC = Country Code
RD = Regulatory Domain
AP Name Slots AP Model Ethernet MAC Radio MAC CC RD IP Address State Location
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LAB-9136 4 C9136I-ROW aaaa.bbbb.cccc aaaa.bbbb.cccc IN -RW 10.127.197.153 Registered Bangalore
LAB-CW9172 3 CW9172H aaaa.bbbb.cccc aaaa.bbbb.cccc -- -UN 10.127.197.152 Registered default location
WLC#show ap config general | in AP_NAME| Country
Cisco AP Name : AP_NAME
Regulatory Domain Allowed by Country : 802.11bg:-A^ 802.11a:-DN^ 802.11 6GHz:
AP Country Code : - >> No Country Code resolved
處於全球模式的Wi-Fi 7 AP可以從現有傳統AP或連線到地板上同一WLC的Wi-Fi 7 AP,或者從發現為CDP/LLDP鄰居的AP解析國家/地區代碼。基於鄰近的發現可以使用基於RF的檢測或CDP/LLDP鄰居檢測。如果Wi-Fi 7 AP無法通過鄰近發現相鄰AP,您可以看到錯誤:
[*06/28/2026 15:24:36.7773] Sending proximity_request payload
[*06/28/2026 15:24:36.7787] SinglePID Proximity resolution: Country Code not available
[*06/28/2026 15:24:36.7795] SinglePID Regulatory Blob resolution: Country Code not available
[*06/28/2026 15:25:35.8011] Sending proximity_request payload
[*06/28/2026 15:25:35.8025] SinglePID Proximity resolution: Country Code not available
[*06/28/2026 15:25:35.8031] SinglePID Regulatory Blob resolution: Country Code not available
若要使用此方法,請將具有已解析國家/地區代碼和Wi-Fi 7 AP管制域的AP放在附近,以便它們可以交換鄰居發現資料包。此AP必須連線到同一個WLC,且其國家/地區代碼已解析。這些資料包是使用2.4GHz無線電交換的,因此請確保目標AP(您要從中解析國家/地區代碼的AP)上啟用了2.4GHz無線電功能。
當具有已解析國家/地區代碼的全功能AP和全球模式(無國家/地區代碼)的Wi-Fi 7 AP連線到同一台交換機和同一個WLC時,會使用基於CDP/LLDP的發現機制。
要使用此方法,請確保以下內容:
附註:從Cisco IOS XE版本17.15.4和17.18.1開始,支援基於CDP/LLDP的發現。請驗證WLC是否正在運行這些受支援的版本之一或更高版本。
如果Proximity方法無法解析監管域,則可以從Meraki控制面板使用RAF(監管域授權檔案)作為替代方法。為此,請執行以下操作:
!! Verify the data on RAF File !!
WLC#show ap regulatory activation all
Regulatory Activation file Meta-data
------------------------------------
Date Created : 06/30/2026 08:12:41
Created By : shchoube@cisco.com
Device count : 2
Organization Id : 1780642
AP MAC Serial Number Country code
----------------------------------------------------
AP1_MAC AP1_SN IN
AP2_MAC AP2_SN US
AP使用正確的國家/地區代碼加入後,如果它未獲得許可,仍然可以報告合規性問題。Wi-Fi 7 AP需進行合規性檢查並需要思科無線(CW)許可證。相比之下,早期的非Wi-Fi 7 AP使用AIR許可證,不需要合規性檢查。
WLC#show ap summary license
For AIR licenses, per AP tracking of license state is unavailable. Please use "show license summary" to find status of AIR subscriptions
Policy allowed state means device is deemed compliant due to a policy downloaded from licensing authority, please check installed policy
AP Name AP Model AP MAC License Type License State Non Compliance Reason
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP1 CW9172H xxxx.xxxx.xxxx CW Non Compliant Never Licensed
AP2 CW9176I xxxx.xxxx.xxxx CW Non Compliant Never License
WLC#show license summary
Account Information:
Smart Account: <none>
Virtual Account: <none>
License Usage:
License Entitlement Tag Count Status
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
cisco-wireless-advan... (CNS_CW_A) 2 IN USE
!! Check the current level of license configured on WLc for WiFi7AP !!
WLC#show version | in License Level
License Level: adventerprise
AIR License Level: AIR Network Essentials addon AIR DNA Essentials
Next reload AIR License Level: AIR Network Essentials addon AIR DNA Essentials
Cisco Wireless License Level: Cisco Wireless Advantage
Next reload Cisco Wireless License Level: Cisco Wireless Advantage
對於此問題,請確保在9800 WLC上配置了用於Wifi7 AP的正確許可級別。Wifi7 AP需要CW許可證:
1. Cisco Wireless Essentials
2. Cisco Wireless Advantage
如果AP未獲得授權,請通過在Catalyst 9800上配置智慧授權和對其進行故障排除對9800 WLC上的智慧授權問題進行故障排除
WLC使用Client_info生成調試跟蹤檔案,並命令檢查生成的調試跟蹤檔案dir bootflash: | i debug !!
警告:條件調試啟用調試級別日誌記錄,從而增加生成的日誌量。保持此運行可減少檢視日誌的時間間隔。因此,建議在故障排除會話結束時始終禁用調試。
要禁用所有調試,請運行以下命令:
# clear platform condition all !!
# undebug all !!
通過GUI:
步驟1.導覽至Troubleshooting > Radiative Trace。
步驟2.按一下Add並輸入AP MAC位址
步驟3.準備好開始放射性示蹤後,按一下開始。啟動後,調試日誌記錄會寫入磁碟,記錄與跟蹤的MAC地址相關的任何控制平面處理。!!建立ACL模!!
ip access-list extended CAP-FILTER
permit ip host <AP_IP> any
permit ip any host <AP_IP>
!!配置資料包捕獲!!
monitor capture MYCAP interface Po1 both
monitor capture MYCAP緩衝區循環大小100
monitor capture MYCAP access-list CAP-FILTER monitor capture MYCAP match any/ipv4/ipv6.MAC !!
monitor capture MYCAP start !!
!!複製
監視器捕獲MYCAP停止
monitor capture MYCAP export flash:|tftp:|http:.../filename.pcap
monitor capture mycap interface <AP_Connected_Port> both
monitor capture mycap match any
monitor capture mycap file location flash:mycap.pcap
show monitor capture file flash:mycap.pcap
附註:如果使用第三方交換器,請在上行鏈路交換器連線埠上收集連線埠SPAN或等價封包擷取。
| 修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
01-Jul-2026
|
初始版本 |