本文档介绍如何对Cisco IOS® XE技术的第2层VPN虚拟专用局域网服务(VPLS)进行故障排除。
Cisco 建议您了解以下主题:
本文档中的信息基于Cisco IOS XE软件。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态,请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。
VPLS拓扑在会话意外终止后,VPLS交叉连接处于关闭状态。
PE2#show xconnect all
Legend: XC ST=Xconnect State S1=Segment1 State S2=Segment2 State
UP=Up DN=Down AD=Admin Down IA=Inactive
SB=Standby HS=Hot Standby RV=Recovering NH=No Hardware
XC ST Segment 1 S1 Segment 2 S2
------+---------------------------------+--+---------------------------------+--
DN pri vfi 100 UP mpls 203.0.113.10:100 DN
UP pri ac Vl100:100(Eth VLAN) UP vfi 100 UP
UP pri bd 100 UP vfi 100 UP
步骤1.确认准确的VC/VPLS状态。
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.10, VC ID: 100, VC status: down
Last error: Local access circuit is not ready for label advertise << The local device is unable to advertise labels because the access circuit (AC) is not in a ready state.
Output interface: none, imposed label stack {} << no MPLS labels are being imposed because no path exists.
Preferred path: not configured << No explicit traffic engineering path is configured for this pseudowire.
Default path: no route << No route to the remote PE (203.0.113.10) exists in the routing table.
No adjacency
Create time: 10:50:35, last status change time: 00:17:39
Last label FSM state change time: 00:17:33
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer x.x.x.x:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.20(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.10, LDP is DOWN, no binding
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/None (no remote binding
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : local ready, LruRnd
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: DOWN(hard-down) << The local device is advertising the access circuit as hard-down to the remote PE.
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: None (no remote binding) << No status has been received from the remote PE.
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: None (no remote binding) << No adjacency status received from the remote peer.
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote unassigned
Group ID: local n/a, remote unknown
MTU: local 1500, remote unknown
Remote interface description:
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.10/100, local label: 16
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 0/8194 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 0, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 0, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
VPLS交叉连接(VC ID 100)已转换为关闭状态。根本原因归结于下述情况:
1.没有到远程PE的路由 — 路由器在路由表中没有到203.0.113.10的路由(默认路径:无路由)。 如果没有有效路由,则无法建立MPLS标签交换路径(LSP)。
2.目标LDP会话关闭 — 从203.0.113.20到203.0.113.10的目标LDP会话未建立。这可防止PE路由器之间交换伪线标签。
3.没有远程标签绑定 — 因为目标LDP会话已关闭,所以没有为VC 100分配远程标签。没有本地和远程标签,伪线无法转发流量。
4.无邻接关系 — 如果没有有效路由和LDP会话,则不存在与远程PE的MPLS邻接关系。
步骤2.检查本地连接电路。
在VC关闭的PE上:
PE2#show interfaces vlan 100 | include up|errors
Vlan100 is up, line protocol is up , Autostate Disabled
Keepalive not supported
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 output errors, 1 interface resets
PE2#show running-config interface vlan 100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 72 bytes
!
interface Vlan100
no ip address
no autostate
xconnect vfi 100
end
步骤3.检验VFI配置。
PE2#show running-config | section l2 vfi
l2 vfi 100 manual
vpn id 100
neighbor 203.0.113.10 pw-class VPLS_100
PE2#show l2vpn vfi
Legend: RT=Route-target, S=Split-horizon, Y=Yes, N=No
VFI name: 100, state: up, type: multipoint, signaling: LDP
VPN ID: 100
Bridge-Domain 100 attachment circuits:
Vlan100
Pseudo-port interface: pseudowire100001
Interface Peer Address VC ID S
pseudowire100002 203.0.113.10 100 Y
1. VFI运行正常 — 本地VFI实例处于活动状态,可以转发流量。
2.连接电路已绑定 — Vlan100与网桥域100和VFI正确关联。
3.配置伪线 — 使用VC ID 100向位于203.0.113.10的远程PE定义伪线(伪线100002)。
4.启用水平分割 — 这是在VPLS多点环境中防止第2层环路的预期行为。
步骤4.检验PE环回可达性:
PE2#ping 203.0.113.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 203.0.113.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PE2#show ip route 203.0.113.10
Routing entry for 203.0.113.10/32
Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 2, type intra area
Last update from 192.0.2.9 on TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3, 00:01:30 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 192.0.2.9, from 198.51.100.2, 00:01:30 ago, via TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3
Route metric is 2, traffic share count is 1
PE2#ping mpls ipv4 203.0.113.10/32 source 203.0.113.20
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.10/32,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
Total Time Elapsed 8 ms
即使MPLS LSP中断,标准ping也可能成功,因为:
·如果通过IP可以直接到达目的地,则ICMP数据包可以通过IP路由(非标签交换)。
·如果传输路由器未设置任何标签,则可使用IP查找转发ICMP数据包。
相反,ping mpls ipv4通过强制数据包通过标签交换路径来验证实际MPLS数据平面。这可确保:
·标签已正确分配和分发。
·每跳的LFIB条目一致。
· LSP端到端路径正常工作。
步骤5.验证核心中的MPLS和LDP:
PE2#show mpls ldp neighbor
Peer LDP Ident: 203.0.113.10:0; Local LDP Ident 203.0.113.20:0
TCP connection: 203.0.113.10.646 - 203.0.113.20.39001
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 16/15; Downstream
Up time: 00:02:15
LDP discovery sources:
TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.9
Targeted Hello 203.0.113.20 -> 203.0.113.10, active, passive
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
203.0.113.10 192.0.2.6 192.0.2.9
此命令显示本地路由器(PE2)和远程对等体之间的LDP邻居会话信息。输出中的每个字段都会详细介绍。
第5.1步检验到远程VPLS对等体的MPLS标签交换路径
PE2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
25 Pop Label 203.0.113.10/32 0 Twe1/0/3 192.0.2.9
PE2#show mpls ldp bindings 203.0.113.10 32
lib entry: 203.0.113.10/32, rev 69
local binding: label: 25
remote binding: lsr: 203.0.113.10:0, label: imp-null
PE2直接从PE1接收imp-null,绕过通过P2和P1的预期标签路径。这表示PE2和P2之间缺少LDP会话或MPLS配置问题。
第5.2步通过执行提供的命令验证下一跳信息:
P2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
None No Label 203.0.113.10/32 0
P2#show mpls ldp neighbor
Peer LDP Ident: 203.0.113.20:0; Local LDP Ident 198.51.100.2:0
TCP connection: 203.0.113.20.17326 - 198.51.100.2.646
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 30/29; Downstream
Up time: 00:13:57
LDP discovery sources:
GigabitEthernet0/0/1, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.10
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
203.0.113.20 192.0.2.10
Peer LDP Ident: 198.51.100.1:0; Local LDP Ident 198.51.100.2:0
TCP connection: 198.51.100.1.646 - 198.51.100.2.12799
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 30/28; Downstream
Up time: 00:13:56
LDP discovery sources:
GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.5
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
192.0.2.2 192.0.2.5 198.51.100.1
P2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
198.51.100.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 192.0.2.10 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
198.51.100.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 192.0.2.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
步骤6.检验到远程PE环回地址的路由:
P2#show ip route 203.0.113.10
Routing entry for 203.0.113.10/32
Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* directly connected, via Loopback10
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
步骤1.确认伪线处于运行状态。
确保参数正确:
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc
Local intf Local circuit Dest address VC ID Status
------------- -------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
VFI 100 vfi 203.0.113.10 100 UP
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.10, VC ID: 100, VC status: up
Output interface: Twe1/0/3, imposed label stack {17 16}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.0.2.9
Create time: 1d11h, last status change time: 00:30:50
Last label FSM state change time: 00:30:26
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 203.0.113.10:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.20(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.10, LDP is UP
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/supported
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : established, LruRru
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: No fault
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: No fault
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: No fault
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote 16
Group ID: local n/a, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
MAC Withdraw: sent:1, received:0
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.10/100, local label: 16
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 16395/8194 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 0, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 0, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
步骤2.检验连接电路(中继接口)状态。
确认TRUNK接口运行正常且与正确的VLAN关联。
验证:
PE2#show interfaces twentyFiveGigE 1/0/2 status
Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Twe1/0/2 connected trunk full 10G SFP-10GBase-SR
PE2#show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Twe1/0/2 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Twe1/0/2 100
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Twe1/0/2 100
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Twe1/0/2 100
步骤3.检验VLAN与网桥域的关联。
在具有中继配置的Catalyst 9000上(无EVC),vlan必须映射到网桥域。
确认:
PE2#show running-config interface vlan100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 72 bytes
!
interface Vlan100
no ip address
xconnect vfi 100
步骤4.检验MAC地址学习。
确认正在从本地连接电路和远程伪线获取MAC地址。
验证:
如果在伪线上没有获取MAC地址:
如果在本地中继上未获知MAC地址:
PE2#show mac address-table vlan 100
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
100 cc7f.76b7.525f STATIC Vl100
100 e462.c4bb.17f1 DYNAMIC Twe1/0/2 >> CE2 Mac address learned over Twe1/0/2 interface.
步骤5.检验生成树协议(STP)状态。
STP可以阻止TRUNK接口上的VLAN,从而阻止流量进入网桥域。
验证:
·中继端口处于与VPLS网桥域关联的VLAN的转发状态
·端口未处于阻塞、侦听或学习状态
如果STP阻塞端口:
·调整STP优先级或端口成本
·考虑将中继端口配置为STP边缘端口(如果适用于拓扑)
PE2#show spanning-tree vlan 100
VLAN0100
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root ID Priority 32868
Address cc7f.76b7.51c0
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32868 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 100)
Address cc7f.76b7.51c0
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Twe1/0/2 Desg FWD 2000 128.2 P2p
步骤6.检验MPLS标签堆栈和转发路径。
确认所施加的标签正确并且转发路径有效。
验证:
从PE2到P2 LSP路径:
PE2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
22 17 203.0.113.10/32 810 Twe1/0/3 192.0.2.9 << For the transport path to the remote PE1 loopback, the imposed outgoing label is 17. The router at 192.0.2.9 assigned this value as its local label binding for the destination prefix.
从P2到P1 LSP路径:
P2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
17 16 203.0.113.10/32 79290 Gi0/0/0 192.0.2.5 << Local label as 17 and the imposed outgoing label is 16. The router at 192.0.2.5 assigned this value as its local label binding for the destination prefix.
从P1到PE1 LSP路径:
P1#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
16 Pop Label 203.0.113.10/32 76184 Gi0/0/0 192.0.2.1 << Pop Label is performed before forwarding the packet to the next hop. This confirms that the next hop (PE1) advertised implicit null to P1.
从P1到PE1 LSP路径:
PE1#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
None No Label 203.0.113.10/32 0
标签路径确认:
根据此输出以及PE2和P2之前的输出,从PE2到PE1的完整标签交换路径为:
[PE2] Packet leaves with label stack: | 17 | (transport label)
↓
[P2] Receives label 17, swaps to 16: | 16 | (transport label)
↓
[P1] Receives label 16, pops label: | IP | (pure IP packet)
↓
[PE1] Receives pure IP packet - local delivery
当VPLS流量通过此LSP时,数据包将传输一个双标签堆栈(传输:VC标签)
[PE2] Packet leaves with label stack: | 17 | 16 | (transport + VC label)
↓
[P2] Receives label 17, swaps to 16: | 16 | 16 | (transport + VC label)
↓
[P1] Receives label 16, pops label: | 16 | (VC label only)
↓
[PE1] Receives VC label 16 - pseudowire disposition into bridge domain
从PE2到PE1的MPLS传输LSP完全运行并且已在路径中的所有路由器上正确编程。VPLS伪线信令完整,本地和远程标签均会交换,且未报告故障。
但是,尽管完全建立了控制平面,但不会通过伪线转发用户流量。这可以确认问题位于MPLS核心和伪线信令之外,特别是位于一台或两台PE路由器上的连接电路层
步骤1.确认准确的VC/VPLS状态。
确保参数正确:
PE1#show mpls l2transport vc
Local intf Local circuit Dest address VC ID Status
------------- -------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
VFI 100 vfi 203.0.113.20 100 UP
PE1#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.20, VC ID: 100, VC status: up
Output interface: Te0/0/4, imposed label stack {19 16}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.0.2.2
Create time: 1d09h, last status change time: 08:38:02
Last label FSM state change time: 08:38:25
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 203.0.113.20:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.10(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.20, LDP is UP
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/supported
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : established, LruRru
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: No fault
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: No fault
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: No fault
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote 16
Group ID: local n/a, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
MAC Withdraw: sent:0, received:1
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.20/100, local label: 20
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 8199/4097 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 336, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 27552, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
接收的传输字节 | 27,552 | 27,552字节已从PE2接收。
传输数据包已发送 | 0 |没有数据包从PE1发送到指向PE2的伪线。
发送的传输字节数| 0 |未向PE2发送任何字节。
步骤2.检验网桥域配置和成员资格。
确认网桥域具有正确的成员(服务实例接口和伪线)。
PE1#show running-config interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 174 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
no ip address
service instance 100 ethernet
encapsulation dot1q 100
rewrite ingress tag pop 1 symmetric
bridge-domain 100
!
end
PE1#show interfaces tenGigabitEthernet 0/0/5 | include up|errors
TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 is up, line protocol is up
Keepalive not supported
Full Duplex, 10000Mbps, link type is force-up, media type is H10GB-CU1M
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets
步骤3.检验MAC地址学习。
确认正在从本地连接电路和远程伪线获取MAC地址。
PE1#show bridge-domain
Bridge-domain 100 (2 ports in all)
State: UP Mac learning: Enabled
Aging-Timer: 300 second(s)
Unknown Unicast Flooding Suppression: Disabled
Maximum address limit: 65536
TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 service instance 100
vfi 100 neighbor 203.0.113.20 100
AED MAC address Policy Tag Age Pseudoport
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
网桥域本身已启动,但缺少学习到的MAC地址是关键细节。这通常表示尚未获悉流量,或者本地接口、网桥域和远程VFI之间的某个位置存在服务映射/转发问题。
步骤4.检验VFI配置:
PE1#show running-config | section vfi
l2 vfi 100 manual
vpn id 100
bridge-domain 100
neighbor 203.0.113.20 encapsulation mpls
步骤5.检验MPLS传输路径。
通过将MPLS traceroute发送到远程环回地址执行快速验证。
PE1#traceroute mpls ipv4 203.0.113.20 255.255.255.255 source 203.0.113.10
Tracing MPLS Label Switched Path to 203.0.113.20/32, timeout is 2 seconds
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
0 192.0.2.1 MRU 1500 [Labels: 17 Exp: 0]
L 1 192.0.2.2 MRU 1500 [Labels: 16 Exp: 0] 96 ms
L 2 192.0.2.6 MRU 1500 [Labels: implicit-null Exp: 0] 12 ms
! 3 192.0.2.10 2 ms
MPLS traceroute输出确认源PE路由器(203.0.113.10)和目标PE路由器(203.0.113.20)之间已成功建立标签交换路径(LSP)。
跟踪显示入口PE的标签实施、跨中转标签交换路由器(LSR)的标签交换操作以及到达出口PE之前的倒数第二跳跳跳跃(PHP)。
具体来说:
traceroute不报告任何MPLS转发异常,例如缺少标签绑定、FEC不匹配、LSP提前终止或标签操作不受支持。
PE1
Push 17
↓
P1
Swap 17 → 16
↓
P2
Pop label
↓
PE2 receives pure IP packet
步骤6.验证伪线数据平面。
PE1#ping mpls pseudowire 203.0.113.20 100 source 203.0.113.10
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.20,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
Total Time Elapsed 6 ms
PE2#ping mpls pseudowire 203.0.113.10 100 source 203.0.113.20
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.10,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
Total Time Elapsed 9 ms
ping mpls伪线测试成功验证了MPLS伪线数据平面。由于伪线ping成功,并且网桥域通过VPLS获取远程MAC,因此问题很可能出在本地连接电路或VLAN转发路径上,其中没有获取预期的本地MAC地址。
成功的MPLS伪线ping确认MPLS传输LSP和伪线标签绑定在本地和远程PE路由器之间正常运行。结果表明,MPLS转发、标签分发和伪线信令功能正常,远程PE能够处理指定VC的伪线OAM数据包。
基于此结果,MPLS核心和伪线基础设施看起来运行正常。如果流量问题持续存在,进一步调查可集中于连接电路、VPLS转发行为、MAC学习、MTU一致性和面向CE的连接,而不是底层MPLS传输路径。
| 版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
07-Jul-2026
|
初始版本 |