使用ZBF在Cisco IOS路由器上配置AnyConnect VPN客户端

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已更新: 2010 年 4 月 7 日

文档 ID:111891

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关于此翻译

思科采用人工翻译与机器翻译相结合的方式将此文档翻译成不同语言，希望全球的用户都能通过各自的语言得到支持性的内容。请注意：即使是最好的机器翻译，其准确度也不及专业翻译人员的水平。 Cisco Systems, Inc. 对于翻译的准确性不承担任何责任，并建议您总是参考英文原始文档（已提供链接）。

简介

在 Cisco IOS® 软件版本 12.4(20)T 及更高版本中，为 AnyConnect VPN 客户端连接引入了虚拟接口 SSLVPN-VIF0。但是，此 SSLVPN-VIF0 接口是内部接口，它不支持用户配置。这使 AnyConnect VPN 和区域策略防火墙出现了问题，因为使用防火墙，流量只能在都属于安全区域的两个接口之间流动。因为用户无法配置 SSLVPN-VIF0 接口以使它成为区域成员，所以在解密无法转发到属于安全区域的任何其他接口后，VPN 客户端流量在 Cisco IOS WebVPN 网关上终止。可以通过防火墙报告的以下日志消息查看此问题的症状：

*Mar 4 16:43:18.251: %FW-6-DROP_PKT: Dropping icmp
   session 192.168.1.12:0 192.168.10.1:0 due to One 
   of the interfaces not being cfged for zoning
   with ip ident 0

后来在 Cisco IOS 的较新软件版本中解决了此问题。使用新代码，用户可以将安全区域分配到 WebVPN 上下文下引用的虚拟模板接口，以将安全区域与 WebVPN 上下文相关联。

先决条件

要求

若要利用 Cisco IOS 中的新功能，您需要确保 Cisco IOS WebVPN 网关设备运行的是 Cisco IOS 软件版本 12.4(20)T3、Cisco IOS 软件版本 12.4(22)T2 或 Cisco IOS 软件版本 12.4(24)T1 及更高版本。

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

运行 15.0(1)M1 版高级安全功能集的 Cisco IOS 3845 系列路由器
用于 Windows 的 Cisco AnyConnect SSL VPN Client 版本 2.4.1012

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。

规则

有关文档约定的更多信息，请参考 Cisco 技术提示约定。

配置

本部分提供有关如何配置本文档所述功能的信息。

注意：使用命令查找工具(仅限注册客户)可获取有关本节中使用的命令的详细信息。

网络图

本文档使用以下网络设置：

配置 Cisco IOS AnyConnect 服务器

以下是在 Cisco IOS AnyConnect 服务器上使其与区域策略防火墙互操作所需执行的概要配置步骤。本文档中稍后包括为两个典型的部署方案生成的最终配置。

配置虚拟模板接口并在安全区域中为从 AnyConnect 连接解密的流量分配它。
将以前配置的虚拟模板添加到 AnyConnect 配置的 WebVPN 上下文中。
完成其余 WebVPN 和区域策略防火墙配置。

有两个有关 AnyConnect 和 ZBF 的典型方案，以下是每个方案的最终路由器配置。

部署方案 1

VPN 流量与内部网络属于同一安全区域。

AnyConnect 流量进入内部 LAN 接口所属于的同一安全区域中来发布解密。

注意：自身区域也被定义为仅允许http/https流量发往路由器本身以限制访问。

路由器配置
Router#show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 5225 bytes ! ! Last configuration change at 16:25:30 UTC Thu Mar 4 2010 by cisco ! version 15.0 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Router ! boot-start-marker boot system flash: boot-end-marker ! aaa new-model ! aaa authentication login default local aaa authentication login webvpn local ! aaa session-id common ! ! ip cef ! ! ip inspect log drop-pkt no ip domain lookup ! ! parameter-map type inspect audit-map audit-trail on tcp idle-time 20 ! parameter-map type inspect global ! ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680 enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2692466680 revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2692466680 ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-2692466680 certificate self-signed 01 <actual certificate deleted here for brevity> quit ! ! username cisco password 0 cisco ! ! class-map type inspect match-any test match protocol tcp match protocol udp match protocol icmp class-map type inspect match-all router-access match access-group name router-access ! ! policy-map type inspect firewall-policy class type inspect test inspect audit-map class class-default drop policy-map type inspect out-to-self-policy class type inspect router-access inspect class class-default drop policy-map type inspect self-to-out-policy class type inspect test inspect class class-default drop ! zone security inside zone security outside zone-pair security in-out source inside destination outside service-policy type inspect firewall-policy zone-pair security out-self source outside destination self service-policy type inspect out-to-self-policy zone-pair security self-out source self destination outside service-policy type inspect self-to-out-policy ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ip virtual-reassembly zone-member security inside ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip address 209.165.200.230 255.255.255.224 ip nat outside ip virtual-reassembly zone-member security outside ! interface Virtual-Template1 ip unnumbered Loopback0 zone-member security inside ! ! ip local pool test 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100 ip forward-protocol nd ! ip http server ip http secure-server ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.225 ! ip access-list extended router-access permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq www permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq 443 ! access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 ! control-plane ! ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronous line aux 0 modem InOut transport input all line vty 0 4 transport input all ! exception data-corruption buffer truncate scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway ip address 209.165.200.230 port 443 http-redirect port 80 ssl trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680 inservice ! webvpn install svc flash:/webvpn/svc.pkg sequence 1 ! webvpn context test secondary-color white title-color #669999 text-color black ssl authenticate verify all ! ! policy group policy_1 functions svc-enabled svc address-pool "test" svc keep-client-installed svc split include 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 virtual-template 1 default-group-policy policy_1 aaa authentication list webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway inservice ! end

路由器配置

Router#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 5225 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 16:25:30 UTC Thu Mar 4 2010 by cisco
!
version 15.0
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router
!
boot-start-marker
boot system flash:
boot-end-marker
!
aaa new-model
!
aaa authentication login default local
aaa authentication login webvpn local
!
aaa session-id common
!
!
ip cef
!
!
ip inspect log drop-pkt
no ip domain lookup
!
!
parameter-map type inspect audit-map
 audit-trail on
 tcp idle-time 20
!
parameter-map type inspect global
!
!
crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680
 enrollment selfsigned
 subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2692466680
 revocation-check none
 rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2692466680
!
!
crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-2692466680
 certificate self-signed 01
 <actual certificate deleted here for brevity>
        quit
!
!
username cisco password 0 cisco
!
!
class-map type inspect match-any test
 match protocol tcp
 match protocol udp
 match protocol icmp
class-map type inspect match-all router-access
 match access-group name router-access
!
!
policy-map type inspect firewall-policy
 class type inspect test
  inspect audit-map
 class class-default
  drop
policy-map type inspect out-to-self-policy
 class type inspect router-access
  inspect
 class class-default
  drop
policy-map type inspect self-to-out-policy
 class type inspect test
  inspect
 class class-default
  drop
!
zone security inside
zone security outside
zone-pair security in-out source inside destination outside
 service-policy type inspect firewall-policy
zone-pair security out-self source outside destination self
 service-policy type inspect out-to-self-policy
zone-pair security self-out source self destination outside
 service-policy type inspect self-to-out-policy
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat inside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 zone-member security inside
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 209.165.200.230 255.255.255.224
 ip nat outside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 zone-member security outside
!
interface Virtual-Template1
 ip unnumbered Loopback0
 zone-member security inside
 !
!
ip local pool test 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.225
!
ip access-list extended router-access
 permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq www
 permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq 443
!
access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
!
control-plane
 !
!
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 modem InOut
 transport input all
line vty 0 4
transport input all
!
exception data-corruption buffer truncate
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway
 ip address 209.165.200.230 port 443
 http-redirect port 80
 ssl trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680
 inservice
 !
webvpn install svc flash:/webvpn/svc.pkg sequence 1
 !
webvpn context test
 secondary-color white
 title-color #669999
 text-color black
 ssl authenticate verify all
 !
 !
 policy group policy_1
   functions svc-enabled
   svc address-pool "test"
   svc keep-client-installed
   svc split include 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
   
 virtual-template 1
 default-group-policy policy_1
 aaa authentication list webvpn
 gateway webvpn_gateway
 inservice
!
end

部署方案 2

VPN 流量属于与内部网络不同的安全区域。

AnyConnect 流量属于单独的 VPN 区域，并且有控制什么 vpn 流量可以流入内部区域中的安全策略。在此特定示例中，允许从 AnyConnect 客户端到内部 LAN 网络的 telnet 和 http 流量。

路由器配置
Router#show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 6029 bytes ! ! Last configuration change at 20:57:32 UTC Fri Mar 5 2010 by cisco ! version 15.0 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Router ! boot-start-marker boot system flash: boot-end-marker ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login default local aaa authentication login webvpn local ! ! aaa session-id common ! ip cef ! ! ip inspect log drop-pkt no ip domain lookup ! multilink bundle-name authenticated parameter-map type inspect global parameter-map type inspect audit-map audit-trail on tcp idle-time 20 ! ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680 enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2692466680 revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2692466680 ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-2692466680 certificate self-signed 01 <actual certificate deleted for brevity> quit ! ! license udi pid CISCO3845-MB sn FOC09483Y8J archive log config hidekeys username cisco password 0 cisco ! ! class-map type inspect match-any test match protocol tcp match protocol udp match protocol icmp class-map type inspect match-all router-access match access-group name router-access class-map type inspect match-any http-telnet-ftp match protocol http match protocol telnet match protocol ftp class-map type inspect match-all vpn-to-inside-cmap match class-map http-telnet-ftp match access-group name tunnel-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect firewall-policy class type inspect test inspect audit-map class class-default drop policy-map type inspect out-to-self-policy class type inspect router-access inspect class class-default drop policy-map type inspect self-to-out-policy class type inspect test inspect class class-default pass policy-map type inspect vpn-to-in-policy class type inspect vpn-to-inside-cmap inspect class class-default drop ! zone security inside zone security outside zone security vpn zone-pair security in-out source inside destination outside service-policy type inspect firewall-policy zone-pair security out-self source outside destination self service-policy type inspect out-to-self-policy zone-pair security self-out source self destination outside service-policy type inspect self-to-out-policy zone-pair security in-vpn source inside destination vpn service-policy type inspect firewall-policy zone-pair security vpn-in source vpn destination inside service-policy type inspect vpn-to-in-policy ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.255 ! ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ip virtual-reassembly zone-member security inside ! ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip address 209.165.200.230 255.255.255.224 ip nat outside ip virtual-reassembly zone-member security outside ! ! interface Virtual-Template1 ip unnumbered Loopback0 zone-member security vpn ! ! ip local pool test 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100 ip forward-protocol nd ! ! ip http server ip http secure-server ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.225 ! ip access-list extended broadcast permit ip any host 255.255.255.255 ip access-list extended router-access permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq www permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq 443 ip access-list extended tunnel-traffic permit ip any 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ! access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 ! ! control-plane ! ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronous line aux 0 modem InOut transport input all line vty 0 4 transport input all ! exception data-corruption buffer truncate scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway ip address 209.165.200.230 port 443 http-redirect port 80 ssl trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680 inservice ! webvpn install svc flash:/webvpn/svc.pkg sequence 1 ! webvpn context test secondary-color white title-color #669999 text-color black ssl authenticate verify all ! ! policy group policy_1 functions svc-enabled svc address-pool "test" svc keep-client-installed svc split include 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 virtual-template 1 default-group-policy policy_1 aaa authentication list webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway inservice ! end

路由器配置

Router#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 6029 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 20:57:32 UTC Fri Mar 5 2010 by cisco
!
version 15.0
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router
!
boot-start-marker
boot system flash:
boot-end-marker
!
aaa new-model
!
!
aaa authentication login default local
aaa authentication login webvpn local
!
!
aaa session-id common
!
ip cef
!
!
ip inspect log drop-pkt
no ip domain lookup
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated

parameter-map type inspect global

parameter-map type inspect audit-map
 audit-trail on
 tcp idle-time 20
!
!
crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680
 enrollment selfsigned
 subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2692466680
 revocation-check none
 rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2692466680
!
!
crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-2692466680
 certificate self-signed 01
 <actual certificate deleted for brevity>
        quit
!
!
license udi pid CISCO3845-MB sn FOC09483Y8J
archive
 log config
  hidekeys
username cisco password 0 cisco
!
!
class-map type inspect match-any test
 match protocol tcp
match protocol udp
 match protocol icmp
class-map type inspect match-all router-access
 match access-group name router-access
class-map type inspect match-any http-telnet-ftp
 match protocol http
 match protocol telnet
 match protocol ftp
class-map type inspect match-all vpn-to-inside-cmap
 match class-map http-telnet-ftp
 match access-group name tunnel-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect firewall-policy
 class type inspect test
  inspect audit-map
 class class-default
  drop
policy-map type inspect out-to-self-policy
 class type inspect router-access
  inspect
 class class-default
  drop
policy-map type inspect self-to-out-policy
 class type inspect test
  inspect
 class class-default
  pass
policy-map type inspect vpn-to-in-policy
 class type inspect vpn-to-inside-cmap
  inspect
 class class-default
  drop
!
zone security inside
zone security outside
zone security vpn
zone-pair security in-out source inside destination outside
 service-policy type inspect firewall-policy
zone-pair security out-self source outside destination self
 service-policy type inspect out-to-self-policy
zone-pair security self-out source self destination outside
 service-policy type inspect self-to-out-policy
zone-pair security in-vpn source inside destination vpn
 service-policy type inspect firewall-policy
zone-pair security vpn-in source vpn destination inside
 service-policy type inspect vpn-to-in-policy
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.255
 !
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat inside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 zone-member security inside
 !
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 209.165.200.230 255.255.255.224
 ip nat outside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 zone-member security outside
 !
!
interface Virtual-Template1
 ip unnumbered Loopback0
 zone-member security vpn
 !
!
ip local pool test 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.225

!
ip access-list extended broadcast
 permit ip any host 255.255.255.255
ip access-list extended router-access
 permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq www
 permit tcp any host 209.165.200.230 eq 443
ip access-list extended tunnel-traffic
 permit ip any 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
!
access-list 1 permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
!
!
control-plane
 !
!
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 logging synchronous
line aux 0
 modem InOut
 transport input all
line vty 0 4
 transport input all
!
exception data-corruption buffer truncate
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
webvpn gateway webvpn_gateway
 ip address 209.165.200.230 port 443
 http-redirect port 80
 ssl trustpoint TP-self-signed-2692466680
 inservice
 !
webvpn install svc flash:/webvpn/svc.pkg sequence 1
 !
webvpn context test
 secondary-color white
 title-color #669999
 text-color black
 ssl authenticate verify all
 !
 !
 policy group policy_1
   functions svc-enabled
   svc address-pool "test"
   svc keep-client-installed
   svc split include 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
   
 virtual-template 1
 default-group-policy policy_1
 aaa authentication list webvpn
 gateway webvpn_gateway
 inservice
!
end

验证

使用本部分可确认配置能否正常运行。

命令输出解释程序（仅限注册用户）(OIT) 支持某些 show 命令。使用 OIT 可查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

有若干 show 命令与 WebVPN 关联。可以在命令行界面 (CLI) 上执行这些命令以显示统计信息和其他信息。有关 show 命令的详细信息，请参阅验证 WebVPN 配置。有关用于验证区域策略防火墙配置的命令的详细信息，请参阅区域策略防火墙配置指南。

故障排除

本部分提供的信息可用于对配置进行故障排除。

故障排除命令

注意：在使用debug命令之前，请参阅有关Debug命令的重要信息。

有若干 debug 命令与 WebVPN 关联。有关这些命令的详细信息，请参阅使用 WebVPN Debug 命令。有关区域策略防火墙调试命令的详细信息，请参阅相关命令。

使用ZBF在Cisco IOS路由器上配置AnyConnect VPN客户端

下载选项

非歧视性语言

关于此翻译

目录

简介

先决条件

要求

使用的组件

规则

配置

网络图

配置 Cisco IOS AnyConnect 服务器

部署方案 1

部署方案 2

验证

故障排除

故障排除命令

相关信息

修订历史记录

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