Cisco Nexus 3600 NX-OS Security Configuration Guide, Release 7.x

Information About ACLs

An access control list (ACL) is an ordered set of rules that you can use to filter traffic. Each rule specifies a set of conditions that a packet must satisfy to match the rule. When the switch determines that an ACL applies to a packet, it tests the packet against the conditions of all rules. The first match determines whether the packet is permitted or denied. If there is no match, the switch applies the applicable default rule. The switch continues processing packets that are permitted and drops packets that are denied.

You can use ACLs to protect networks and specific hosts from unnecessary or unwanted traffic. For example, you could use ACLs to disallow HTTP traffic from a high-security network to the Internet. You could also use ACLs to allow HTTP traffic but only to specific sites, using the IP address of the site to identify it in an IP ACL.

IP ACL Types and Applications

The Cisco Nexus device supports IPv4, IPv6, and MAC ACLs for security traffic filtering. The switch allows you to use IP access control lists (ACLs) as port ACLs, and Router ACLs as shown in the following table.

Table 1. Security ACL Applications
Application	Supported Interfaces	Types of ACLs Supported
Port ACL	An ACL is considered a port ACL when you apply it to one of the following: Ethernet interface Ethernet port-channel interface	IPv4 ACLs IPv6 ACLs MAC ACLs
Router ACL	Physical Layer 3 interfaces Layer 3 Ethernet subinterfaces Layer 3 Ethernet port-channel interfaces Layer 3 Ethernet port-channel subinterfaces Management interfaces Switched Virtual Interfaces (SVIs)	IPv4 ACLs IPv6 ACLs
VTY ACL	VTYs	IPv4 ACLs IPv6 ACLs

Application Order

When the device processes a packet, it determines the forwarding path of the packet. The path determines which ACLs that the device applies to the traffic. The device applies the ACLs in the following order:

Port ACL
Ingress Router ACL

Rules

You can create rules in access-list configuration mode by using the permit or deny command. The switch allows traffic that matches the criteria in a permit rule and blocks traffic that matches the criteria in a deny rule. You have many options for configuring the criteria that traffic must meet in order to match the rule.

Source and Destination

In each rule, you specify the source and the destination of the traffic that matches the rule. You can specify both the source and destination as a specific host, a network or group of hosts, or any host.

Protocols

IPv4, IPv6, and MAC ACLs allow you to identify traffic by protocol. For your convenience, you can specify some protocols by name. For example, in an IPv4 ACL, you can specify ICMP by name.

You can specify any protocol by the integer that represents the Internet protocol number.

Implicit Rules

IP and MAC ACLs have implicit rules, which means that although these rules do not appear in the running configuration, the switch applies them to traffic when no other rules in an ACL match.

All IPv4 ACLs include the following implicit rule:

deny ip any any

This implicit rule ensures that the switch denies unmatched IP traffic.

All IPv6 ACLs include the following implicit rule:

deny ipv6 any any

All MAC ACLs include the following implicit rule:

deny any any protocol

This implicit rule ensures that the device denies the unmatched traffic, regardless of the protocol specified in the Layer 2 header of the traffic.

Additional Filtering Options

You can identify traffic by using additional options. IPv4 ACLs support the following additional filtering options:

Layer 4 protocol
TCP and UDP ports
IGMP types
Established TCP connections

Sequence Numbers

The Cisco Nexus device supports sequence numbers for rules. Every rule that you enter receives a sequence number, either assigned by you or assigned automatically by the device. Sequence numbers simplify the following ACL tasks:

Adding new rules between existing rules—By specifying the sequence number, you specify where in the ACL a new rule should be positioned. For example, if you need to insert a rule between rules numbered 100 and 110, you could assign a sequence number of 105 to the new rule.
Removing a rule—Without using a sequence number, removing a rule requires that you enter the whole rule, as follows:
```
switch(config-acl)# no permit tcp 10.0.0.0/8 any
```
However, if the same rule had a sequence number of 101, removing the rule requires only the following command:
```
switch(config-acl)# no 101
```
Moving a rule—With sequence numbers, if you need to move a rule to a different position within an ACL, you can add a second instance of the rule using the sequence number that positions it correctly, and then you can remove the original instance of the rule. This action allows you to move the rule without disrupting traffic.

If you enter a rule without a sequence number, the device adds the rule to the end of the ACL and assigns a sequence number that is 10 greater than the sequence number of the preceding rule to the rule. For example, if the last rule in an ACL has a sequence number of 225 and you add a rule without a sequence number, the device assigns the sequence number 235 to the new rule.

In addition, the device allows you to reassign sequence numbers to rules in an ACL. Resequencing is useful when an ACL has rules numbered contiguously, such as 100 and 101, and you need to insert one or more rules between those rules.

Logical Operators and Logical Operation Units

IP ACL rules for TCP and UDP traffic can use logical operators to filter traffic based on port numbers.

The Cisco Nexus device stores operator-operand couples in registers called logical operation units (LOUs) to perform operations (greater than, less than, not equal to, and range) on the TCP and UDP ports specified in an IP ACL.

ACL TCAM Regions

You can change the size of the ACL ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) regions in the hardware.

The IPv4 TCAMs are single wide.

You can create IPv6 port ACLs, router ACLs, and you can match IPv6 addresses for QoS. Cisco NX-OS provides simultaneous support for all three TCAMs. You must remove or reduce the size of the existing TCAMs to enable these new IPv6 TCAMs.

TCAM region sizes have the following guidelines and limitations:

To revert to the default ACL TCAM size, use the no hardware access list tcam region command. You need to reload the modules when you revert to default sizes.
Depending upon the platform, each TCAM region might have a different minimum/maximum/aggregate size restriction.
The total number of TCAMs is 16.
- There are 12 large TCAMs—Each has 2048 entries that are 160 bit key size.
- There are 4 small TCAMs—Each has 256 entries that are 160 bit key size.
The TCAM regions RACL v6, QoS, CoPP, and Multicast cannot be set to 0.
Redirect_v6, RACL v4 cannot share TCAM with any other features.
After TCAM carving, you must reload the switch.

Table 2. TCAM Sizes by ACL Region
TCAM ACL Region	Default Size
PACL_IPv4 [ifacl]	1024
PACL_IPV6 [ipv6-ifacl]	1024
PACL_MAC [mac-ifacl]	2048
IPv4 Port QOS [qos]	640
IPv6 Port QOS [ipv6-qos]	256
IPv4 RACL [racl]	1024
IPv6 RACL [ipv6-racl]	1024
IPv4 L3 QoS [l3qos]	640
IPv6 L3 QoS [ipv6-l3qos]	256
SPAN [span]	96
Ingress COPP [copp]	128
Redirect v4	1024
Redirect v6	2048

Licensing Requirements for ACLs

The following table shows the licensing requirements for this feature:


Product	License Requirement
Cisco NX-OS	No license is required to use ACLs.

Prerequisites for ACLs

IP ACLs have the following prerequisites:

You must be familiar with IP addressing and protocols to configure IP ACLs.
You must be familiar with the interface types that you want to configure with ACLs.

Guidelines and Limitations for ACLs

IP ACLs have the following configuration guidelines and limitations:

As an enhancement to HTTP method match, the tcp-option-length option has been added to the ACE syntax to specify the length of the TCP options header in the packets. You can configure up to 4 tcp-option-lengths in the ACEs, which includes the TCP option length of 0. If you do not configure the tcp-option-length option, the length is considered as 0. It means that only the packets without the TCP options header can match this ACE. This feature gives more flexibility in such a way that the HTTP method can be matched even on the packets that have the variable length TCP options header.
We recommend that you perform ACL configuration using the Session Manager. This feature allows you to verify ACL configuration and confirm that the resources required by the configuration are available prior to committing them to the running configuration. This is especially useful for ACLs that include more than about 1000 rules.
You can configure any number of ACLs as long as TCAM space is available.
Egress RACLs are not supported in Release 7.x. even though the configuration may be allowed without an error or warning.
Packets that fail the Layer 3 maximum transmission unit check and therefore require fragmenting.
IPv4 packets that have IP options (additional IP packet header fields following the destination address field).
When you apply an ACL that uses time ranges, the device updates the ACL entries whenever a time range referenced in an ACL entry starts or ends. Updates that are initiated by time ranges occur on a best-effort priority. If the device is especially busy when a time range causes an update, the device may delay the update by up to a few seconds. Make sure that the time range is valid and in an active state.
To use the match-local-traffic option for all inbound and outbound traffic, you must first enable the ACL in the software.

Default ACL Settings

The following table lists the default settings for IP ACLs parameters.

Table 3. Default IP ACLs Parameters
Parameters	Default
IP ACLs	No IP ACLs exist by default.
ACL rules	Implicit rules apply to all ACLs .

The following table lists the default settings for MAC ACLs parameters.

Table 4. Default MAC ACLs Parameters
Parameters	Default
MAC ACLs	No MAC ACLs exist by default.
ACL rules	Implicit rules apply to all ACLs .

ACL Logging

The Cisco Nexus device supports ACL logging, which allows you to monitor flows that hit specific access control lists (ACLs). To enable the feature for the ACL entry, configure specific ACEs with the optional log keyword.

Creating an IP ACL

You can create an IPv4 or IPv6 ACL on the device and add rules to it.

Before you begin

We recommend that you perform the ACL configuration using the Session Manager. This feature allows you to verify the ACL configuration and confirm that the resources that are required by the configuration are available before committing them to the running configuration. This feature is especially useful for ACLs that include more than about 1000 rules.

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

configure terminal

Example:

switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 2

Enter one of the following commands:

ip access-list name
ipv6 access-list name

Example:

switch(config)# ip access-list acl-01
switch(config-acl)#

Creates the IP ACL and enters IP ACL configuration mode. The name argument can be up to 64 characters.

Step 3

[sequence-number] {permit | deny} protocol {source-ip-prefix | source-ip-mask} {destination-ip-prefix | destination-ip-mask}

Example:

switch(config-acl)# 10 permit ipv6 1::1 2::2 3::3 4::4

Creates a rule in the IP ACL. You can create many rules. The sequence-number argument can be a whole number between 1 and 4294967295.

The permit and deny commands support many ways of identifying traffic. For more information, see the Command Reference for the specific Cisco Nexus device.

Step 4

statistics per-entry

Example:

switch(config-acl)# statistics per-entry

Specifies that the device maintains global statistics for packets that match the rules in the ACL.

Step 5

reload

Example:

switch(config)# reload

Reloads the switch.

Note

The reload command is mandatory for the Cisco Nexus 3636C-R and 36180YC-R switches.

Step 6

Enter one of the following commands:

show ip access-lists name
show ipv6 access-lists name

Example:

switch(config-acl)# show ip access-lists acl-01

Displays the IP ACL configuration.

Step 7

copy running-config startup-config

Example:

switch(config-acl)# copy running-config startup-config

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Step 8

(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config

(Optional)

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Example

This example shows how to create an IPv4 ACL:

switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# ip access-list acl-01
switch(config-acl)# permit ip 192.168.2.0/24 any

This example shows how to create an IPv6 ACL:

switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# ipv6 access-list acl-01-ipv6
switch(config-ipv6-acl)# permit tcp 2001:0db8:85a3::/48 2001:0db8:be03:2112::/64

Configuring IPv4 ACL Logging

To configure the IPv4 ACL logging process, you first create the access list, then enable filtering of IPv4 traffic on an interface using the specified ACL, and finally configure the ACL logging process parameters.

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

configure terminal

Example:

switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 2

ip access-list name

Example:

switch(config)# ip access-list logging-test
switch(config-acl)#

Creates an IPv4 ACL and enters IP ACL configuration mode. The name argument can be up to 64 characters.

Step 3

{permit | deny} ip source-address destination-address log

Example:

switch(config-acl)# permit ip any 10.30.30.0/24 log

Creates an ACL rule that permits or denies IPv4 traffic matching its conditions. To enable the system to generate an informational logging message about each packet that matches the rule, you must include the log keyword.

The source-address and destination-address arguments can be the IP address with a network wildcard, the IP address and variable-length subnet mask, the host address, or any to designate any address.

Step 4

exit

Example:

switch(config-acl)# exit
switch(config)#

Updates the configuration and exits IP ACL configuration mode.

Step 5

interface ethernet slot/port

Example:

switch(config)# interface ethernet 1/1
switch(config-if)#

Enters interface configuration mode.

Step 6

ip access-group name in

Example:

switch(config-if)# ip access-group logging-test in

Enables the filtering of IPv4 traffic on an interface using the specified ACL. You can apply an ACL to inbound traffic.

Step 7

exit

Example:

switch(config-if)# exit
switch(config)#

Updates the configuration and exits interface configuration mode.

Step 8

logging ip access-list cache interval interval

Example:

switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache interval 490

Configures the log-update interval (in seconds) for the ACL logging process. The default value is 300 seconds. The range is from 5 to 86400 seconds.

Step 9

logging ip access-list cache entries number-of-flows

Example:

switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache entries 8001

Specifies the maximum number of flows to be monitored by the ACL logging process. The default value is 8000. The range of values supported is from 0 to 1048576.

Step 10

logging ip access-list cache threshold threshold

Example:

switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache threshold 490

If the specified number of packets is logged before the expiry of the alert interval, the system generates a syslog message.

Step 11

logging ip access-list detailed

Example:

switch(config)# logging ip access-list detailed

Enables the ACL name, the sequence number of ACE, action, ACL direction, ACL filter type, and the ACL applied interface are displayed in the output of the show logging ip access-list cache command.

Step 12

hardware rate-limiter access-list-log packets

Example:

switch(config)# hardware rate-limiter access-list-log 200

Configures rate limits in packets per second for packets copied to the supervisor module for ACL logging. The range is from 0 to 30000.

Note

Cisco Nexus NX-OS 7.0(3)F3(1) does not support the hardware rate-limiter access-list-log command.

Step 13

acllog match-log-level severity-level

Example:

switch(config)# acllog match-log-level 5

Specifies the minimum severity level to log ACL matches. The default is 6 (informational). The range is from 0 (emergency) to 7 (debugging).

Step 14

(Optional) show logging ip access-list cache [detail]

Example:

switch(config)# show logging ip access-list cache

(Optional)

Displays information on the active logged flows, such as source IP and destination IP addresses, source port and destination port information, source interfaces, and so on.

Changing an IP ACL

You can add and remove rules in an existing IPv4 or IPv6 ACL. You cannot change existing rules. Instead, to change a rule, you can remove it and recreate it with the desired changes.

If you need to add more rules between existing rules than the current sequence numbering allows, you can use the resequence command to reassign sequence numbers.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# {ip \| ipv6}ip access-list `name`	Enters IP ACL configuration mode for the ACL that you specify by name.
Step 3	switch(config)# ip access-list `name`	Enters IP ACL configuration mode for the ACL that you specify by name.
Step 4	switch(config-acl)# [`sequence-number`] {permit \| deny} `protocol` `source` `destination`	Creates a rule in the IP ACL. Using a sequence number allows you to specify a position for the rule in the ACL. Without a sequence number, the rule is added to the end of the rules. The `sequence-number` argument can be a whole number between 1 and 4294967295. The permit and deny commands support many ways of identifying traffic. For more information, see the Command Reference for your Cisco Nexus device.
Step 5	(Optional) switch(config-acl)# no {`sequence-number` \| {permit \| deny} `protocol` `source` `destination`}	(Optional) Removes the rule that you specified from the IP ACL. The permit and deny commands support many ways of identifying traffic. For more information, see the Command Reference for your Cisco Nexus device.
Step 6	(Optional) switch#show ip access-lists `name`	(Optional) Displays the IP ACL configuration.
Step 7	(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Removing an IP ACL

You can remove an IP ACL from the switch.

Before you remove an IP ACL from the switch, be sure that you know whether the ACL is applied to an interface. The switch allows you to remove ACLs that are currently applied. Removing an ACL does not affect the configuration of interfaces where you have applied the ACL. Instead, the switch considers the removed ACL to be empty.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# no {ip \| ipv6} access-list `name`	Removes the IP ACL that you specified by name from the running configuration.
Step 3	switch(config)# no ip access-list `name`	Removes the IP ACL that you specified by name from the running configuration.
Step 4	(Optional) switch# show running-config	(Optional) Displays the ACL configuration. The removed IP ACL should not appear.
Step 5	(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Changing Sequence Numbers in an IP ACL

You can change all the sequence numbers assigned to the rules in an IP ACL.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	(Optional) switch# show {ip \| ipv6} access-lists `name`	(Optional) Displays the IP ACL configuration.
Step 3	(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Applying an IP ACL to mgmt0

You can apply an IPv4 or IPv6 ACL to the management interface (mgmt0).

Before you begin

Ensure that the ACL that you want to apply exists and that it is configured to filter traffic in the manner that you need for this application.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	configure terminal Example: `switch# configure terminal switch(config)#`	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	ip access-group `access-list` {in \| out} Example: `switch(config-if)#ip access-group acl-120 out`	Applies an IPv4 or IPv6 ACL to the Layer 3 interface for traffic flowing in the direction specified. You can apply one router ACL per direction.
Step 3	(Optional) show running-config aclmgr Example: `switch(config-if)# show running-config aclmgr`	(Optional) Displays the ACL configuration.
Step 4	(Optional) copy running-config startup-config Example: `switch(config-if)# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Applying an IP ACL as a Port ACL

You can apply an IPv4 ACL to a physical Ethernet interface or a PortChannel. ACLs applied to these interface types are considered port ACLs.

Note

Some configuration parameters when applied to an PortChannel are not reflected on the configuration of the member ports.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# interface {ethernet [`chassis`/]`slot`/`port` \| port-channel `channel-number`}	Enters interface configuration mode for the specified interface.
Step 3	(Optional) switch# show running-config	(Optional) Displays the ACL configuration.
Step 4	(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Applying an IP ACL as a Router ACL

You can apply an IPv4 or or IPv6 ACL to any of the following types of interfaces:

Physical Layer 3 interfaces and subinterfaces
Layer 3 Ethernet port-channel interfaces and subinterfaces
Management interfaces

Before you begin

Ensure that the ACL you want to apply exists and that it is configured to filter traffic in the manner that you need for this application.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	Enter one of the following commands: switch(config)# interface ethernet `slot`/`port`[. `number`] switch(config)# interface port-channel `channel-number`[. `number`] switch(config)# interface mgmt `port`	Enters configuration mode for the interface type that you specified.
Step 3	Enter one of the following commands: switch(config-if)# ip access-group `access-list` {`in`} switch(config-if)# ipv6 traffic-filter `access-list` {`in`}	Applies an IPv4 or IPv6 ACL to the layer 3 interface for traffic in the ingress direction.
Step 4	(Optional) switch(config-if)# show running-config aclmgr	(Optional) Displays the ACL configuration.
Step 5	(Optional) switch(config-if)# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Verifying the ACL Logging Configuration

To display ACL logging configuration information, perform one of the following tasks:

Command

Purpose

switch# show hardware access-list tcam region

Displays the TCAM sizes that will be applicable on the next reload of the device.

switch# show ip access-lists

Displays the IPv4 ACL configuration.

switch# show ipv6 access-lists

Displays the IPv6 ACL configuration.

switch# show logging ip access-list cache [detail]

Displays information on the active logged flows, such as source IP and destination IP addresses, source port and destination port information, and source interfaces.

switch# show logging ip access-list status

Displays the deny maximum flow count, the current effective log interval, and the current effective threshold value..

switch# show startup-config acllog

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the startup configuration.

switch# show startup-config aclmgr [all]

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the startup configuration.

Note

This command displays the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration. The all option displays both the default (CoPP-configured) and the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration.

switch# show running-config acllog

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the running configuration.

switch# show running-config aclmgr [all]

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the running configuration including the IP ACL configuration and the interfaces where you have applied IP ACLs.

Note

This command displays the user-configured ACLs in the running configuration. The all option displays both the default (CoPP-configured) and the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration.

About System ACLs

Beginning with Cisco NX-OS Release 7.0(3)F3(4) or a later release, you can configure system ACLs on Cisco Nexus 36180YC-R and C3636C-R switches. With system ACLs, you can now configure a Layer 2 port ACL (PACL) on all the ports with the same access-list in the switch. Configuring system ACLs reduces the TCAM usage and also brings down the time and memory usage while the policy is being applied or modified.

See the following guidelines and limitations for configuring system ACLs:

The system PACL is supported for Layer 2 interface only.
ACE statistics are not yet supported for the system ACLs.
IPv6 is not yet supported in the system ACLs.
System ACLs are not supported on the breakout port.
For quality of service, ACL, or TCAM carving configuration on Cisco Nexus 3600 platform switches, see the Cisco Nexus 3600 NX-OS Quality of Service Configuration Guide for more information.

Carving a TCAM Region

Before configuring the system ACLs, carve the TCAM region first. Note that for configuring the ACLs less than 1k, you do not need to carve the TCAM region. See the Configuring ACL TCAM Region Sizes section for more information.

Note

Beginning with Cisco NX-OS Release 7.0(3)F3(4) or a later release, you can configure PACL IPv4, RACL IPv4, and RACL IPv6 beyond 12k.

Configuring System ACLs

After an IPv4 ACL is created, configure the system ACL.

Before you begin

Create an IPv4 ACL on the device. See Creating an IP ACL for more information.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	config t	Enters the configuration mode.
Step 2	system acl	Configures the system ACL.
Step 3	ip port access-group <`pacl name`> in	Applies a Layer 2 PACL to the interface. Only inbound filtering is supported with port ACLs. You can apply one port ACL to an interface.

Configuration and Show Command Examples for the System ACLs

See the following configuration examples for the system ACL show commands.

Configuring system PACL with 1K scale [using default TCAM]

See the following example for configuring system PACL with 1K scale [Using default TCAM].

Step 1: Create PACL.


config t
ip access-list PACL-DNA
    10 permit ip 1.1.1.1/32 any 
    20 permit tcp 3.0.0.0/8 255.0.0.0 eq 1500 
    25 deny udp any any eq 500
    26 deny tcp any eq 490 any 
    ….. ….

    1000 deny any any

Step 2: Apply PACL into system level.


configuration terminal
system acl 
    ip port access-group PACL-DNA in

To validate the system ACLs that are configured on the switch, use the sh run aclmgr | sec system command:


switch# sh run aclmgr | sec system 
system acl
 ip port access-group test in
switch#

To validate the PACLs that are configured on the switch, use the sh ip access-lists <name> [summary] command:


switch# sh ip access-lists test 

IP access list test
        10 deny udp any any eq 27
        20 permit ip 1.1.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        30 permit ip 1.2.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        40 permit ip 1.3.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        50 permit ip 1.4.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        60 permit ip 1.5.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        70 permit ip 1.6.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        80 permit ip 1.7.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32
        90 permit ip 1.8.1.1/32 100.100.100.100/32

switch# sh ip access-lists test summary
IPV4 ACL test
        Total ACEs Configured: 12279
        Configured on interfaces:
        Active on interfaces:
                 - ingress
                 - ingress

switch#

To validate PACL IPv4 (ifacl) TCAM region size, use the show hardware access-list tcam region command:


switch# show hardware access-list tcam region
*********************************WARNING********************************
*****************The output shows NFE tcam region info******************
***Please refer to 'show hardware access-list tcam template' for NFE2***
************************************************************************
                               IPV4 PACL [ifacl] size = 12280
                          IPV6 PACL [ipv6-ifacl] size =    0
                            MAC PACL [mac-ifacl] size =    0
                             IPV4 Port QoS [qos] size =  640
                        IPV6 Port QoS [ipv6-qos] size =  256
                          MAC Port QoS [mac-qos] size =    0
                       FEX IPV4 PACL [fex-ifacl] size =    0
                  FEX IPV6 PACL [fex-ipv6-ifacl] size =    0
                    FEX MAC PACL [fex-mac-ifacl] size =    0
                     FEX IPV4 Port QoS [fex-qos] size =    0
                FEX IPV6 Port QoS [fex-ipv6-qos] size =    0
                  FEX MAC Port QoS [fex-mac-qos] size =    0
                                IPV4 VACL [vacl] size =    0
                           IPV6 VACL [ipv6-vacl] size =    0
                             MAC VACL [mac-vacl] size =    0
                            IPV4 VLAN QoS [vqos] size =    0
                       IPV6 VLAN QoS [ipv6-vqos] size =    0
                         MAC VLAN QoS [mac-vqos] size =    0
                                IPV4 RACL [racl] size =    0
                           IPV6 RACL [ipv6-racl] size =  128
                   IPV4 Port QoS Lite [qos-lite] size =    0
           FEX IPV4 Port QoS Lite [fex-qos-lite] size =    0
                  IPV4 VLAN QoS Lite [vqos-lite] size =    0
                   IPV4 L3 QoS Lite [l3qos-lite] size =    0
                         Egress IPV4 QoS [e-qos] size =    0
                    Egress IPV6 QoS [e-ipv6-qos] size =    0
                      Egress MAC QoS [e-mac-qos] size =    0
                         Egress IPV4 VACL [vacl] size =    0
                    Egress IPV6 VACL [ipv6-vacl] size =    0
                      Egress MAC VACL [mac-vacl] size =    0
                       Egress IPV4 RACL [e-racl] size =    0
                  Egress IPV6 RACL [e-ipv6-racl] size =    0
               Egress IPV4 QoS Lite [e-qos-lite] size =    0
                             IPV4 L3 QoS [l3qos] size =  640
                        IPV6 L3 QoS [ipv6-l3qos] size =  256
                          MAC L3 QoS [mac-l3qos] size =    0
                                  Ingress System size =    0
                                   Egress System size =    0
                                     SPAN [span] size =   96
                             Ingress COPP [copp] size =  128
                    Ingress Flow Counters [flow] size =    0
switch#

To view ACL related tech support information, use the show tech-support aclmgr and show tech-support aclqos commands.


show tech-support aclmgr
show tech-support aclqos

Configuring the ACL Logging Cache

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache entries `num_entries`	Sets the maximum number of log entries cached in the software. The range is from 0 to 1000000 entries. The default value is 8000 entries.
Step 3	switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache interval `seconds`	Sets the number of seconds between log updates. If an entry is inactive for this duration, it is removed from the cache. The range is from 5 to 86400 seconds. The default value is 300 seconds.
Step 4	switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache threshold `num_packets`	Sets the number of packet matches before an entry is logged. The range is from 0 to 1000000 packets. The default value is 0 packets, which means that logging is not triggered by the number of packet matches.
Step 5	(Optional) switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Saves the change persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Example

The following example show how to set the maximum number of log entries to 5000, the interval to 120 seconds, and the threshold to 500000:

switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache entries 5000
switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache interval 120
switch(config)# logging ip access-list cache threshold 500000
switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config

Applying ACL Logging to an Interface

You can apply ACL logging to Ethernet interfaces and port channels.

Before you begin

Create an ACL.
Create an IP access list with at least one access control entry (ACE) configured for logging.
Configure the ACL logging cache.
Configure the ACL log match level.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# interface ethernet `slot/port`	Specifies the Ethernet interface.
Step 3	switch(config-if)# ip access-group `name` in	Attaches an ACL with a log to the specified interface. ACL logging is enabled when the ACL is applied to the interface on the hardware.
Step 4	(Optional) switch(config-if)# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Saves the change persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Example

The following example shows how to apply the Ethernet interface with the logging specified in acl1 for all ingress traffic:


switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# interface ethernet 1/2
switch(config-if)# ip access-group acl1 in
switch(config-if)# copy running-config startup-config

Applying the ACL Log Match Level

Procedure

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 2

switch(config)# acllog match-log-level number

Specifies the logging level to match for entries to be logged in the ACL log (acllog). The number is a value from 0 to 7. The default is 6.

Note

Log messages are entered into the log if the logging level for the ACL log facility (acllog) and the logging severity level for the log file are greater than or equal to the ACL log match log level setting.

Step 3

(Optional) switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config

(Optional)

Saves the change persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Example

The following example shows how to apply the log match level for entries to be logged in the ACL log:

switch# configure terminal 
switch(config)# acllog match-log-level 3
switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config

Clearing Log Files

You can clear messages in the log file and the NVRAM.

Procedure

Command or Action	Purpose
switch# clear logging ip access-list cache	Clears the access control list (ACL) cache.

Verifying the ACL Logging Configuration

To display ACL logging configuration information, perform one of the following tasks:

Command

Purpose

switch# show hardware access-list tcam region

Displays the TCAM sizes that will be applicable on the next reload of the device.

switch# show ip access-lists

Displays the IPv4 ACL configuration.

switch# show ipv6 access-lists

Displays the IPv6 ACL configuration.

switch# show logging ip access-list cache [detail]

Displays information on the active logged flows, such as source IP and destination IP addresses, source port and destination port information, and source interfaces.

switch# show logging ip access-list status

Displays the deny maximum flow count, the current effective log interval, and the current effective threshold value..

switch# show startup-config acllog

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the startup configuration.

switch# show startup-config aclmgr [all]

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the startup configuration.

Note

This command displays the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration. The all option displays both the default (CoPP-configured) and the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration.

switch# show running-config acllog

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the running configuration.

switch# show running-config aclmgr [all]

Displays the access control list (ACL) log file in the running configuration including the IP ACL configuration and the interfaces where you have applied IP ACLs.

Note

This command displays the user-configured ACLs in the running configuration. The all option displays both the default (CoPP-configured) and the user-configured ACLs in the startup configuration.

Configuring ACL TCAM Region Sizes

You can change the size of the ACL ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) regions in the hardware.

Note

You cannot change the size of the small TCAMs (TCAM 12 through 15)

Procedure

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

switch# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 2

hardware access-list tcam region { ifacl | {ipv6-qos | qos} | {ipv6-racl | racl} tcam_size

Changes the ACL TCAM region size.

ifacl—Configures the size of the interface ACL (ifacl) TCAM region. The maximum number of entries is 1500.
qos—Configures the size of the quality of service (QoS) TCAM region.
racl—Configures the size of the router ACL (RACL) TCAM region.
tcam_size—TCAM size. The range is from 0 to 256, 512, (multiples of 256) entries.

Step 3

copy running-config startup-config

Example:

switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config

Saves the change persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Step 4

switch(config)# show hardware access-list tcam region

Example:

switch(config)# show hardware access-list tcam region

Displays the TCAM sizes that will be applicable on the next reload of the switch.

Step 5

switch(config)# reload

Example:

switch(config)# reload

Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Note

The new size values are effective only upon the next reload after saving the copy running-config to startup-config.

Example

The following example shows how to change the size of the RACL TCAM region:

switch(config)# hardware access-list tcam region racl 256 
[SUCCESS] New tcam size will be applicable only at boot time. 
You need to 'copy run start' and 'reload'

switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config 
switch(config)# reload 
WARNING: This command will reboot the system 
Do you want to continue? (y/n) [n] y

This example shows how to display the TCAM region sizes to verify your changes:

switch(config)# show hardware accesslist tcam region | exclude "0"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
        IPV4 PACL [ifacl] size = 1024
   IPV6 PACL [ipv6-ifacl] size = 1024
     MAC PACL [mac-ifacl] size = 2048
      IPV4 Port QoS [qos] size =  640
 IPV6 Port QoS [ipv6-qos] size =  256
         IPV4 RACL [racl] size = 2048
    IPV6 RACL [ipv6-racl] size = 1024
      IPV4 L3 QoS [l3qos] size =  640
 IPV6 L3 QoS [ipv6-l3qos] size =  256
              SPAN [span] size =   96
      Ingress COPP [copp] size =  128
              Redirect v4 size =  1024
              Redirect v6 size =  2048

Reverting to the Default TCAM Region Sizes

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# no hardware profile tcam region {arpacl \| e-racl} \| ifacl \| ipsg \| qos} \|qoslbl \| racl} \| vacl } `tcam_size`	Reverts the configuration to the default ACL TCAM size.
Step 3	(Optional) switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Saves the changes persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.
Step 4	switch(config)# reload	Reloads the switch.

Example

The following example shows how to revert to the default RACL TCAM region sizes:

switch(config)# no hardware profile tcam region racl 256 
[SUCCESS] New tcam size will be applicable only at boot time. 
You need to 'copy run start' and 'reload'

switch(config)# copy running-configur startup-config 
switch(config)# reload 
WARNING: This command will reboot the system 
Do you want to continue? (y/n) [n] y

Configuring ACLs on Virtual Terminal Lines

To restrict incoming and outgoing connections for IPv4 or IPv6 between a Virtual Terminal (VTY) line and the addresses in an access list, use the access-class command in line configuration mode. To remove access restrictions, use the no form of this command.

Follow these guidelines when configuring ACLs on VTY lines:

Set identical restrictions on all VTY lines because a user can connect to any of them.
Statistics per entry is not supported for ACLs on VTY lines.

Before you begin

Be sure that the ACL that you want to apply exists and is configured to filter traffic for this application.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# configure terminal	Enters global configuration mode.
Step 2	switch(config)# line vty Example: `switch(config)# line vty switch(config-line)#`	Enters line configuration mode.
Step 3	switch(config-line)# access-class access-list-number {in \| out} Example: `switch(config-line)# access-class ozi2 in switch(config-line)#access-class ozi3 out switch(config)#`	Specifies inbound or outbound access restrictions.
Step 4	(Optional) switch(config-line)# no access-class access-list-number {in \| out} Example: `switch(config-line)# no access-class ozi2 in switch(config-line)# no access-class ozi3 out switch(config)#`	(Optional) Removes inbound or outbound access restrictions.
Step 5	switch(config-line)# exit Example: `switch(config-line)# exit switch#`	Exits line configuration mode.
Step 6	(Optional) switch# show running-config aclmgr Example: `switch# show running-config aclmgr`	(Optional) Displays the running configuration of the ACLs on the switch.
Step 7	(Optional) switch# copy running-config startup-config Example: `switch# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Example

The following example shows how to apply the access-class ozi2 command to the in-direction of the vty line.

switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
switch(config)# line vty
switch(config-line)# access-class ozi2 in
switch(config-line)# exit
switch#

Verifying ACLs on VTY Lines

To display the ACL configurations on VTY lines, perform one of the following tasks:

Command	Purpose
show running-config aclmgr	Displays the running configuration of the ACLs configured on the switch.
show users	Displays the users that are connected.
show access-lists `access-list-name`	Display the statistics per entry.

Configuration Examples for ACLs on VTY Lines

The following example shows the connected users on the console line (ttyS0) and the VTY lines (pts/0 and pts/1).

switch# show users
NAME     LINE         TIME         IDLE          PID COMMENT
admin    ttyS0        Aug 27 20:45   .         14425 *
admin    pts/0        Aug 27 20:06 00:46       14176 (172.18.217.82) session=ssh
admin    pts/1        Aug 27 20:52   .         14584 (10.55.144.118)

The following example shows how to allow vty connections to all IPv4 hosts except 172.18.217.82 and how to deny vty connections to any IPv4 host except 10.55.144.118, 172.18.217.79, 172.18.217.82, 172.18.217.92:

switch# show running-config aclmgr 
!Time: Fri Aug 27 22:01:09 2010
version 5.0(2)N1(1)
ip access-list ozi
  10 deny ip 172.18.217.82/32 any 
  20 permit ip any any 
ip access-list ozi2
  10 permit ip 10.55.144.118/32 any 
  20 permit ip 172.18.217.79/32 any 
  30 permit ip 172.18.217.82/32 any 
  40 permit ip 172.18.217.92/32 any 


line vty
  access-class ozi in
  access-class ozi2 out

The following example shows how to configure the IP access list by enabling per-entry statistics for the ACL:

switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. 
End with CNTL/Z. 
switch(config)# ip access-list ozi2
switch(config-acl)# statistics per-entry
switch(config-acl)# deny tcp 172.18.217.83/32 any
switch(config-acl)# exit

switch(config)# ip access-list ozi
switch(config-acl)# statistics per-entry
switch(config-acl)# permit ip 172.18.217.20/24 any
switch(config-acl)# exit
switch#

The following example shows how to apply the ACLs on VTY in and out directions:

switch(config)# line vty
switch(config-line)# ip access-class ozi in
switch(config-line)# access-class ozi2 out
switch(config-line)# exit
switch#

The following example shows how to remove the access restrictions on the VTY line:

 
switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End
with CNTL/Z.
switch(config)# line vty
switch(config-line)# no access-class ozi2 in
switch(config-line)# no ip access-class ozi2 in
switch(config-line)# exit
switch#

Bias-Free Language

Results

Chapter: Configuring IP ACLs

Configuring IP ACLs

Information About ACLs

IP ACL Types and Applications

Application Order

Rules

Source and Destination

Protocols

Implicit Rules

Additional Filtering Options

Sequence Numbers

Logical Operators and Logical Operation Units

ACL TCAM Regions

Licensing Requirements for ACLs

Prerequisites for ACLs

Guidelines and Limitations for ACLs

Default ACL Settings

ACL Logging

Creating an IP ACL

Before you begin

Procedure

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example

Configuring IPv4 ACL Logging

Procedure

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Changing an IP ACL

Procedure

Removing an IP ACL

Procedure

Changing Sequence Numbers in an IP ACL

Procedure

Applying an IP ACL to mgmt0

Before you begin

Procedure

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Applying an IP ACL as a Port ACL

Procedure

Applying an IP ACL as a Router ACL

Before you begin

Procedure

Verifying the ACL Logging Configuration

About System ACLs

Carving a TCAM Region

Configuring System ACLs

Before you begin

Procedure

Configuration and Show Command Examples for the System ACLs

Configuring the ACL Logging Cache

Procedure

Example

Applying ACL Logging to an Interface

Before you begin

Procedure

Example