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Table Of Contents
Release Notes for Cisco 830 Series and Cisco 2801 Series Routers for Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
Determining the Software Version
Upgrading to a New Software Release
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
Cisco IOS Software Documentation Set
Cisco IOS Release 12.3 Documentation Set Contents
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines
Release Notes for Cisco 830 Series and Cisco 2801 Series Routers for Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
August 10, 2007Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3OL-8429-03 Fourth ReleaseContents
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Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines
System Requirements
This section describes the system requirements for Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3 and includes the following sections:
•
•
Memory Requirements
This section describes the memory requirements for the Cisco IOS feature sets that are supported by Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2 for the Cisco 2801 and Cisco 830 series routers.
Table 1 Recommended Memory for the Cisco 2801 Routers
mum
mumCisco 2801
Cisco 2801 IOS ADVANCED ENTERPRISE SERVICES
ADVANCED ENTERPRISE SERVICES
c2801-adventerprisek9-mz
64 MB
64 MB
192 MB
192 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS ADVANCED IP SERVICES
ADVANCED IP SERVICES
c2801-advipservicesk9-mz
64 MB
64 MB
192 MB
192 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS ADVANCED SECURITY
ADVANCED SECURITY
c2801-advsecurityk9-mz
64 MB
64 MB
128 MB
128 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS ENTERPRISE BASE w/o Crypto
ENTERPRISE BASE w/o Crypto
c2801-entbase-mz
64 MB
64 MB
128 MB
128 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS ENTERPRISE SERVICES
ENTERPRISE SERVICES
c2801-entservicesk9-mz
64 MB
64 MB
192 MB
192 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS IP BASE w/o Crypto
IP BASE w/o Crypto
c2801-ipbase-mz
64 MB
64 MB
128 MB
128 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS IP VOICE w/o Crypto
IP VOICE w/o Crypto
c2801-ipvoice-mz
64 MB
64 MB
192 MB
192 MB
Cisco 2801 IOS SP SERVICES
SP SERVICES
c2801-spservicesk9-mz
64 MB
64 MB
192 MB
192 MB
1 Recommended memory is the memory required for potential future expansions.
Hardware Supported
Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3 supports the following routers:
•
Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2 supports the following routers:
•
•
For detailed descriptions of new hardware features and which features are supported on each router, see the "New and Changed Information" section. For descriptions of existing hardware features and supported modules, see the hardware installation guides, configuration and command reference guides, and additional documents specific to these routers, which are available on Cisco.com at the following location:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/access/acs_fix/index.htm
This URL is subject to change without notice. If it changes, point your web browser to Cisco.com, and click the following path:
Technical Documentation: Routers: Fixed Config. Access Routers: <platform_name>
Determining the Software Version
To determine which version of the Cisco IOS software is currently running on your Cisco router, log in to the router, and enter the show version command. The following sample output from the show version command indicates the version number on the second output line.
router> show versionCisco IOS Software, 2801 Software (C2801-IPBASE-M), Version 12.3(11)YK2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fcl)Synched to technology version 12.3(12.8)TTechnical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupportCopyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.Upgrading to a New Software Release
For general information about upgrading to a new software release, see Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3 T Installation and Upgrade Procedures located on Cisco.com.
Feature Set Tables
The Cisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets consisting of software images, depending on the platform. Each feature set contains a specific set of Cisco IOS features.
Caution
Table 3 through Table 6 lists the features and feature sets that are supported in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2.
The tables use the following conventions:
•
•
•
Table 3 Feature Set Table for the Cisco 2801 Router
E1 R2 Collect Call Blocking
12.3(11)YK
No
No
No
No
Table 6 Feature Set Table for the Cisco 2801 Router
E1 R2 Collect Call Blocking
12.3(11)YK
Yes
New and Changed Information
Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2 supports the features listed in this section.
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
There are no new hardware features for this release.
se.
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
There are no new hardware features for this release.
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
There are no new hardware features for this release.
New Hardware Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
There are no new hardware features in this release.
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
There are no new software features in this release.
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
There are no new software features in this release.
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
There are no new software features in this release.
New Software Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
The following sections describe the new software features supported by the Cisco 2801 router for Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK.
E1 R2 Collect Call Blocking
E1 R2 Call Blocking feauture provides two ways to block incoming collect calls: category-based and double answer.
With the category based call blocking, collect calls will be blocked based on a specific category. For example in Brazil, collect calls arrive with a category II-8 for which the Cisco access router will send B-7 as response instead of an answer signal. This approach is only applicable when switches in Centrol Office support category-based blocking.
For legacy switches which do not support category-based blocking, "double answer" is implemented on the Cisco 2801 in this release to support the collect call blocking. For an incoming collect call, the gateway will answer the call with a clear-back after 1 second and re-answer the call after 2 seconds. This causes the collect call to be dropped and normal calls to stay connected. This will be implemented as a CLI option for any country.
Caveats
Caveats describe unexpected behavior or defects in the Cisco IOS software releases. Severity 1 caveats are the most serious caveats, severity 2 caveats are less serious, and severity 3 caveats are the least serious of these three severity levels.
Note
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK3
CSCsf04754Multiple Cisco products contain either of two authentication vulnerabilities in the Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) feature. These vulnerabilities can be exploited when processing a malformed SNMPv3 message. These vulnerabilities could allow the disclosure of network information or may enable an attacker to perform configuration changes to vulnerable devices. The SNMP server is an optional service that is disabled by default. Only SNMPv3 is impacted by these vulnerabilities. Workarounds are available for mitigating the impact of the vulnerabilities described in this document.
The United States Computer Emergency Response Team (US-CERT) has assigned Vulnerability Note VU#878044 to these vulnerabilities.
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) identifier CVE-2008-0960 has been assigned to these vulnerabilities.
This advisory will be posted at http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-0960.
CSCsj81502 show pagp clis are not displaying the correct informationCSCsi09530 CME SIP phone failed to register because of authenticate registerSymptom If the authenticate register command is configured under the voice register global command, CME SIP failed to registered.
Conditions
Workaround
Further Problem Description In registrar functionality, CME challenges an inbound register request with a 401 response. If the authenticate register command is configured under the voice register global command, the Registering Endpoint then ends a Register Request with Credentials. The Gateway Stack is not processing this request and is dropping it.
CSCsi01470Symptom A vulnerability in the Cisco implementation of Multicast Virtual Private Network (MVPN) is subject to exploitation that can allow a malicious user to create extra multicast states on the core routers or receive multicast traffic from other Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) based Virtual Private Networks (VPN) by sending specially crafted messages.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20080326-mvpn.shtml.CSCsj32707 GW rejects SIP UPDATE with Cseq 0Symptom A "SIP UPDATE" message from a Cisco CallManager or SIP Proxy Server with a "Cseq" value of 0 may be rejected or considered invalid by A Cisco gateway.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCdz55178 QoS profile name of more then 32 chars will crash the routerSymptom System reloads unexpectedly or other serious side-affects such as memory corruption occur.
Conditions
For example:
cable qos profile 12 name g711@10ms_for_any_softswitch_Traa^C00000000011111111111222222222333^12345678901234567890123456789012||PROBLEM (Variable Overflowed).Workaround
Further Problem Description The variable which holds the value for the string name only allows for 32 characters and the code did not properly truncate names longer than the associated buffer.
This caused other locations in memory to be corrupted.
CSCsj52927 DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY message in show logSymptom DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY messages are seen in 'show log'
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsj66369 Traceback seen at rpmxf_dg_db_initSymptom Tracebacks seen while running metal_vpn_cases.itcl script
Conditions
Workaround
CSCse85200 Inadequate validation of TLVs in cdpSymptom Specifically crafted CDP packets can cause a router to allocate and keep extra memory. Exploitation of this behaviour by sending multiple specifically crafted CDP packets could cause memory allocation problems on the router.
Since CDP is a layer-2 protocol, this issue can only be triggered by systems that are residing on the same network segment.
Workaround
CSCse56501Symptom A device running Cisco IOS software that has Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) enabled may be subject to a denial of service (DoS) attack. For the device to be affected by this vulnerability the device also has to have certain Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) User Datagram Protocol (UDP) services enabled. To exploit this vulnerability an offending IPv6 packet must be targeted to the device. Packets that are routed throughout the router can not trigger this vulnerability. Successful exploitation will prevent the interface from receiving any additional traffic. The only exception is Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) service, which if exploited, will cause the device to crash. Only the interface on which the vulnerability was exploited will be affected.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20080326-IPv4IPv6.shtml.CSCsj44081 Improvements in diagnostics and instrumentationSymptom Cisco IOS Software has been enhanced with the introduction of additional software checks to signal improper use of internal data structures. This enhancement was introduced in select Cisco IOS Software releases published after April 5, 2007.
Details With the new enhancement in place, IOS will emit a %DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY error message whenever it detects an inconsistency in its internal data structures. This is a new error message. The following is an example.
The %DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY error message is preceded by a timestamp
May 17 10:01:27.815 UTC: %DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY: copy error
The error message is then followed by a traceback.
It is important to note that this error message does not imply that packet data is being corrupted. It does, however provide an early indicator of other conditions that can eventually lead to poor system performance or an IOS restart.
Recommended Action Collect "show tech-support" command output and open a service request with the Technical Assistance Center (TAC) or designated support organization. Pay particular attention to any other error messages or error symptoms that accompany the%DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY message and note those to your support contact.
CSCsg40567 Memory leak found with malformed tls/ssl packets in http core processSymptom Malformed SSL packets may cause a router to leak multiple memory blocks.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsg96319 reverse ssh eliminated telnet authention on VTYSymptom When a reverse SSH session is established with valid authentication credentials, anyone can obtain unprivileged Telnet access to a system without being authenticated. This situation affects only reverse SSH sessions when a connection is made with the
ssh -l userid :number ip-address command.Conditions
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_3t/12_3t11/feature/guide/gt_rssh.html
Workaround
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_3t/12_3t11/feature/guide/gt_rssh.html#wp1027195
CSCsj06951Traceback @ createCNF_file while configuring user-localeSymptom Traceback seen on terminal.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsj44099 Router crashes if DSPFARM profile description is 128 characters long.Symptom A cisco c3800 router can experience a memory corruption resulting in a crash if the description field under the "dspfarm profile" configuration matches the maximum of 128 characters.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCed94829 IOS reloads due to malformed IKE messagesMultiple Cisco products contain vulnerabilities in the processing of IPSec IKE (Internet Key Exchange) messages. These vulnerabilities were identified by the University of Oulu Secure Programming Group (OUSPG) "PROTOS" Test Suite for IPSec and can be repeatedly exploited to produce a denial of service.
Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability for
affected customers. Prior to deploying software, customers should consult their maintenance provider or check the software for feature set compatibility and known issues specific to their environment.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20100324-ipsec.shtml
CSCsg03449 Etherswitch module VLAN Trunking Protocol Vulnerabilities•
•
•
Conditions
Further Information On the 13th September 2006, Phenoelit Group posted an advisory containing
three vulnerabilities:
These vulnerabilities are addressed by Cisco IDs:
•
•
•
•
Cisco's statement and further information are available on the Cisco public website at
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sr-20060913-vtp.shtml
CSCsg03449 Etherswitch module VLAN Trunking Protocol Vulnerabilities•
•
•
Conditions
Further Information On the 13th September 2006, Phenoelit Group posted an advisory containing
three vulnerabilities:
These vulnerabilities are addressed by Cisco IDs:
•
•
•
•
Cisco's statement and further information are available on the Cisco public website at
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sr-20060913-vtp.shtml
CSCsb33172 short-circuit crypto engine operations when faking AM2Symptom A vulnerability exists in the way some Cisco products handle IKE phase I messages which allows an attacker to discover which group names are configured and valid on the device.
A Cisco Security Notice has been published on this issue and can be found at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sn-20050624-vpn-grpname.shtml
CSCsa62111 7200 input queue stuckSymptom Packets may be stuck in the input queue of a Cisco 7200 series.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCek37177 malformed tcp packets deplete processor memory.The Cisco IOS Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) listener in certain versions of Cisco IOS software is vulnerable to a remotely-exploitable memory leak that may lead to a denial of service condition.
This vulnerability only applies to traffic destined to the Cisco IOS device. Traffic transiting the Cisco IOS device will not trigger this vulnerability.
Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers.
This issue is documented as Cisco bug ID CSCek37177
There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability. This advisory is posted at
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070124-crafted-tcp.shtml
CSCeh73049 tclsh mode bypasses aaa command authorization checkSymptom A vulnerability exists within the Cisco IOS Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) command authorization feature, where command authorization checks are not performed on commands executed from the Tool Command Language (Tcl) exec shell. This may allow authenticated users to bypass command authorization checks in some configurations resulting in unauthorized privilege escalation.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsd92405 router crashed by repeated SSL connection with malformed finished messageCisco IOS device may crash while processing malformed Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets. In order to trigger these vulnerabilities, a malicious client must send malformed packets during the SSL protocol exchange with the vulnerable device.
Successful repeated exploitation of any of these vulnerabilities may lead to a sustained Denial-of-Service (DoS); however, vulnerabilities are not known to compromise either the confidentiality or integrity of the data or the device. These vulnerabilities are not believed to allow an attacker will not be able to decrypt any previously encrypted information.
Cisco IOS is affected by the following vulnerabilities:
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of these vulnerabilities. This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-SSL.shtml
Note
A combined software table for Cisco IOS is available to aid customers in choosing a software releases that fixes all security vulnerabilities published as of May 22, 2007. This software table is available at the following link:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-cry-bundle.shtml.
CSCsb12598 Router forced crash on receiving fragmented TLS ClientHelloCisco IOS device may crash while processing malformed Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets. In order to trigger these vulnerabilities, a malicious client must send malformed packets during the SSL protocol exchange with the vulnerable device.
Successful repeated exploitation of any of these vulnerabilities may lead to a sustained Denial-of-Service (DoS); however, vulnerabilities are not known to compromise either the confidentiality or integrity of the data or the device. These vulnerabilities are not believed to allow an attacker will not be able to decrypt any previously encrypted information.
Cisco IOS is affected by the following vulnerabilities:
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of these vulnerabilities.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-SSL.shtml
Note
A combined software table for Cisco IOS is available to aid customers in choosing a software releases that fixes all security vulnerabilities published as of May 22, 2007. This software table is available at the following link: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-cry-bundle.shtml.
CSCsb40304 Router crash on sending repetitive SSL ChangeCipherSpecCisco IOS device may crash while processing malformed Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) packets. In order to trigger these vulnerabilities, A malicious client must send malformed packets during the SSL protocol exchange with the vulnerable device.
Successful repeated exploitation of any of these vulnerabilities may lead to a sustained Denial-of-Service (DoS); however, vulnerabilities are not known to compromise either the confidentiality or integrity of the data or the device. These vulnerabilities are not believed to allow an attacker will not be able to decrypt any previously encrypted information.
Cisco IOS is affected by the following vulnerabilities:
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of these vulnerabilities.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-SSL.shtml
Note
A combined software table for Cisco IOS is available to aid customers in choosing a software releases that fixes all security vulnerabilities published as of May 22, 2007. This software table is available at the following link: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-cry-bundle.shtml.
CSCsb06658 mwr1900 incorrectly identified as a DOCSIS devices.A vulnerability exists in certain Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Software release trains running on the Cisco IAD2400 series, 1900 Series Mobile Wireless Edge Routers and Cisco VG224 Analog Phone Gateways. Vulnerable versions may contain a default hard-coded Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) community string when SNMP is enabled on the device. The default community string is a result of inadvertently identifying these devices as supporting Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) compliant interfaces. The consequence of this error is that an additional read-write community string may be enabled if the device is configured for SNMP management, allowing a knowledgeable attacker the potential to gain privileged access to the device. Cisco is making free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability. This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20060920-docsis.shtml .
CSCsi80749 Crash while processing malformed SIP packetSymptom Multiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
•
•
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml
CSCsd81407 Router crash on receiving abnormal MGCP messagesSymptom Multiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
•
•
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml
CSCej20505 Router hangs with overly large packetSymptom Multiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
•
•
•
•
•
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml
CSCsb11124 SGBP Crafted Packet Denial of ServiceThe Cisco IOS Stack Group Bidding Protocol (SGBP) feature in certain versions of Cisco IOS software is vulnerable to a remotely-exploitable denial of service condition.
Devices that do not support or have not enabled the SGBP protocol are not affected by this vulnerability. Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers.
There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
Cisco has published a Security Advisory on this issue; it is available at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20060118-sgbp.shtml
CSCse05736 A router running RCP can be reloaded with a specific packetSymptom A router that is running RCP can be reloaded by a specific packet.
Conditions
•
•
Workaround
CSCsd85587 7200 Router crashes with ISAKMP Codenomicon test suiteA vulnerability has been discovered in a third party cryptographic library which is used by a number of Cisco products. This vulnerability may be triggered when a malformed Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) object is parsed. Due to the nature of the vulnerability it may be possible, in some cases, to trigger this vulnerability without a valid certificate or valid application-layer credentials (such as a valid username or password).
Successful repeated exploitation of any of these vulnerabilities may lead to a sustained Denial-of-Service (DoS); however, vulnerabilities are not known to compromise either the confidentiality or integrity of the data or the device. These vulnerabilities are not believed to allow an attacker will not be able to decrypt any previously encrypted information.
The vulnerable cryptographic library is used in the following Cisco products:
•
•
•
•
•
This vulnerability is also being tracked by CERT/CC as VU#754281.
Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers. There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070522-crypto.shtml .
Note
CSCsb11784 Input Queue Wedge with syslogSymptom The interface input queue may fill up with up to 50 packets
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsc72722 CBAC - firewall resets TCP idle timer upon receiving invalid TCP packetsSymptom TCP connections that are opened through a Cisco IOS Firewall (CBAC) may not timeout.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsa53334 bus error in single_pkt_regexThe Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) feature set of Cisco IOS® contains several vulnerabilities. These include:
•
•
There are mitigations and workarounds for these vulnerabilities. Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers.
This advisory is posted at: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070213-iosips.shtml
CSCsg16908 IOS FTP Server DeprecationMultiple vulnerabilities exist in the Cisco IOS File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server feature. These vulnerabilities include Denial of Service, improper verification of user credentials and the ability to read or write any file in the device's file system, including the device's saved configuration, which may include passwords or other sensitive information. The IOS FTP Server is an optional service that is disabled by default. Devices that are not specifically configured to enable the IOS FTP Server service are unaffected by these vulnerabilities. This vulnerability does not apply to the IOS FTP Client feature.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070509-iosftp.shtml.
CSCsc64976 HTTP server should scrub embedded HTML tags from cmd outputA vulnerability exists in the IOS HTTP server in which HTML code inserted into dynamically generated output, such as the output from a show buffers command, will be passed to the browser requesting the page. This HTML code could be interpreted by the client browser and potentially execute malicious commands against the device or other possible cross-site scripting attacks. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires that a user browse a page containing dynamic content in which HTML commands have been injected. Cisco will be making free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20051201-http.shtml
CSCsb25337 unnecessary tcp ports opened in default router configSymptom Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) are vulnerable to a crash under yet to be determined conditions, but isolated to traffic destined to User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 5060. SIP is enabled by default on all Advanced images which support voice and do not contain the fix for [Sev2/State:R/28 SRs] unnecessary tcp ports opened in default router config CSCsb25337. Devices which are properly configured for SIP processing are not vulnerable to this issue.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070131-sip.shtml
CSCsb93407 H323 port tcp 1720 still listening after call service stopSymptom When H323 call service stops, the router still listens on TCP port 1720 and completes connection attempts.
Conditions
voice service voiph323call service stopWorkaround
CSCsf28840 Crash due to configured peer type control vectorA vulnerability exists in the Data-link Switching (DLSw) feature in Cisco IOS where an invalid value in a DLSw message could result in a reload of the DLSw device. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires that an attacker be able to establish a DLSw connection to the device. There are workarounds available for this vulnerability. This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070110-dlsw.shtml
CSCsb11849 CoPP: Need support for malformed IP optionsSymptom CoPP policy configured to drop packets with IP options will ignore packets with malformed IP options
Conditions
Workaround
CSCse248849 Malformed SSH version 2 packets may cause processor memory depletionSymptom Malformed SSH version 2 packets may cause a memory leak, causing the platform to operate under a degraded condition. Under rare circumstances, the platform may reload to recover itself.
Conditions
Workaround
config tip ssh version 1endAlternate Workaround Permit only known trusted hosts and/or networks to connect to the router by creating a vty access list, as in the following example:
10.1.1.0/24 is a trusted network thatis permitted access to the router, allother access is deniedaccess-list 99 permit 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255access-list 99 deny anyline vty 0 4access-class 99 inendFurther Problem Description For information about configuring vty access lists, see the Controlling Access to a Virtual Terminal Line document:
For information about SSH, see the Configuring Secure Shell on Routers and Switches Running Cisco IOS document:
CSCeh60551 certificate crashes 12.3.4.JA APSymptom Certain malformed client certificates may cause an Access Point (AP) to crash.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsa54608 IOS Firewall Auth-Proxy for FTP/Telnet Sessions buffer overflowThe Cisco IOS Firewall Authentication Proxy for FTP and/or Telnet Sessions feature in specific versions of Cisco IOS software is vulnerable to a remotely-exploitable buffer overflow condition.
Devices that do not support, or are not configured for Firewall Authentication Proxy for FTP and/or Telnet Services are not affected.
Devices configured with only Authentication Proxy for HTTP and/or HTTPS are not affected.
Only devices running certain versions of Cisco IOS are affected. Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory will be posted at
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20050907-auth_proxy.shtml
CSCsf30058 Memory leak when processing malformed SIP messageMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCsf08998 MGCP stop responding after receiving malformed packetMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCse68355 Router crashed by malformed SIP packetMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCse68138 Issue in handling specific packets in VOIP RTP LibMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCsg70474 IOS FW with h323 inspect crashes when malformed H.323 packets receivedMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCef77013 tighter parameter checking for ipv6Cisco IOS and Cisco IOS XR contain a vulnerability when processing specially crafted IPv6 packets with a Type 0 Routing Header present. Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to information leakage on affected IOS and IOS XR devices, and may also result in a crash of the affected IOS device. Successful exploitation on an affected device running Cisco IOS XR will not result in a crash of the device itself, but may result in a crash of the IPv6 subsystem.
Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability for affected customers. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-IPv6-leak.shtml
CSCsh58082SIP: A router may reload due to SIP trafficCisco devices running an affected version of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) which supports Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) are affected by a vulnerability that may lead to a reload of the device when receiving a specific series of packets destined to port 5060. This issue is compounded by a related bug which allows traffic to TCP 5060 and UDP port 5060 on devices not configured for SIP. There are no known instances of intentional exploitation of this issue. However, Cisco has observed data streams that appear to be unintentionally triggering the vulnerability. Workarounds exist to mitigate the effects of this problem on devices which do not require SIP. This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070131-sip.shtml.
CSCsb79076 MGCP RSVP enabled calls fails due to spurious error @ qosmodule_mainSymptom %SYS-3-TIMERNEG errors and tracebacks are observed while making MGCP RSVP calls on a analog (RGW) setups. Observed in 12.4(3.9)T1 IOS version.
Workaround
CSCsj18014 Caller ID string received with extra charactersSymptom A caller ID may be received with extra characters.
Conditions
Workaround
CSCsj16292 DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY: copy errorSymptom Following an upgrade to Cisco IOS Release 12.2(18)SXF9, the following message may be displayed:
%DATACORRUPTION-1-DATAINCONSISTENCY: copy error-Traceback=Conditions
Workaround
CSCek26492 Enhancements to Packet Input PathSymptom A router may crash if it receives a packet with a specific crafted IP option as detailed in Cisco Security Advisory: Crafted IP Option Vulnerability:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070124-crafted-ip-option.shtml
Conditions
Workaround
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070124-crafted-ip-option.shtml
CSCei61732 Additional data integrity check in system timerCisco IOS may permit arbitrary code execution after exploitation of a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability. Cisco has included additional integrity checks in its software, as further described below, that are intended to reduce the likelihood of arbitrary code execution.
Cisco has made free software available that includes the additional integrity checks for affected customers.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20051102-timers.shtml
CSCec12299 Corruption of ext communities when receiving over ipv4 EBGP sessionSymptom EIGRP-specific Extended Community 0x8800 is corrupted and shown as 0x0:0:0.
Conditions
ASBR/PE-1 <----> VRF-to-VRF <----> ASBR/PE-2Workaround
router bgp 1address-family ipv4 vrf oneneighbor 1.0.0.1 remote-as 100neighbor 1.0.0.1 activateneighbor 1.0.0.1 route-map FILTER inexit-address-family!ip extcommunity-list 100 permit _RT.*_!!route-map FILTER permit 10set extcomm-list 100 delete!CSCsb24007 Memory corruption and unexpected reload on receiving a SIP packetMultiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml.
CSCin95836 Buffer overflow in NHRP protocolSymptom A Cisco IOS device configured for NHRP may restart.
Workaround
CSCec12299Symptom Devices running Cisco IOS versions 12.0S, 12.2, 12.3, or 12.4 and configured for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) or VPN Routing and Forwarding Lite (VRF Lite) and using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) between Customer Edge (CE) and Provider Edge (PE) devices may permit information to propagate between VPNs.
Conditions
This issue cannot be deterministically exploited by an attacker.
Workaround
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20080924-vpn.shtml.
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK2
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Multiple voice-related vulnerabilities are identified in Cisco IOS software, one of which is also shared with Cisco Unified Communications Manager. These vulnerabilities pertain to the following protocols or features:
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Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities for affected customers. Fixed Cisco IOS software listed in the Software Versions and Fixes section contains fixes for all vulnerabilities mentioned in this advisory.
There are no workarounds available to mitigate the effects of any of the vulnerabilities apart from disabling the protocol or feature itself.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20070808-IOS-voice.shtml
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Ping drops for aal5mux encapsulation.
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Symptom: Certain malformed client certificates may cause an AP running 12.3.2.JA2 or 12.3.4.JA to crash when EAP-TLS is used.
Workaround: Issue a new client certificate.
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Cisco IOS may permit arbitrary code execution after exploitation of a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability. Cisco has included additional integrity checks in its software, as further described below, that are intended to reduce the likelihood of arbitrary code execution.
Cisco has made free software available that includes the additional integrity checks for affected customers.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20051102-timers.shtml.
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The Cisco IOS Firewall Authentication Proxy for FTP and/or Telnet Sessions feature in specific versions of Cisco IOS software is vulnerable to a remotely-exploitable buffer overflow condition.
Devices that do not support, or are not configured for Firewall Authentication Proxy for FTP and/or Telnet Services are not affected.
Devices configured with only Authentication Proxy for HTTP and/or HTTPS are not affected.
Only devices running certain versions of Cisco IOS are affected.
Cisco has made free software available to address this vulnerability. There are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory will be posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20050907-auth_proxy.shtml
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Free memory disappears quickly.
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SYS-2-BADSHARE displays on the router log often.
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ISDN B-channels remains in PROPOSED state on initial NFAS setup.
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Unable to telnet to card (No Free TTYs error).
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BGP shouldn't propogate updates with AS path lengths greater than 255.
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK1
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Ethernet interface does not send ping replies after reload.
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L2TPv3 should not allow MTU increase based on ICMP.
A router running L2TPv3 using Path-MTU Discovery (PMTUD) may incorrectly increase the discovered MTU solely based on information contained in ICMP packet-too-big messages (ICMP 3/4).
Workaround: None.
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Can't disable vpdn ip udp ignore checksum across reloads.
In a release which configures vpdn ip udp ignore checksum by default, if the user manually configures no vpdn ip udp ignore checksum in order NOT to ignore the checksum, this configuration change is not retained across reloads. After writing the configuration to NVRAM and reloading the router, the vpdn ip udp ignore checksum command will automatically be put back in place by IOS. This issue is seen on any image which contains the CSCef90365 fix and after configuring no vpdn ip udp ignore checksum.
Workaround: Re-configure the no vpdn ip udp ignore checksum command after every reload.
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L2TP doing PMTUD vulnerable to spoofed ICMP paks.
A document that describes how the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) could be used to perform a number of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) has been made publicly available. This document has been published through the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Draft process, and is entitled "ICMP Attacks Against TCP" (draft-gont-tcpm-icmp-attacks-03.txt).
These attacks, which only affect sessions terminating or originating on a device itself, can be of three types:
1. Attacks that use ICMP "hard" error messages
2. Attacks that use ICMP "fragmentation needed and Don't Fragment (DF) bit set" messages, also known as Path Maximum Transmission Unit Discovery (PMTUD) attacks
3. Attacks that use ICMP "source quench" messagesSuccessful attacks may cause connection resets or reduction of throughput in existing connections, depending on the attack type.
Multiple Cisco products are affected by the attacks described in this Internet draft.
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities. In some cases there are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20050412-icmp.shtml
The disclosure of these vulnerabilities is being coordinated by the National Infrastructure Security Coordination Centre (NISCC), based in the United Kingdom. NISCC is working with multiple vendors whose products are potentially affected. Its posting can be found at: http://www.niscc.info/Home-1.aspx
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7200 input queue stuck.
Workaround: Reloading the router will clear the input queue, or increasing the input queue using the hold-queue length command beyond the default limit of 75.
Resolved Caveats - Cisco IOS Release 12.3(11)YK
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More stringent checks required for ICMP unreachables.
A document that describes how the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) could be used to perform a number of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) has been made publicly available. This document has been published through the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Draft process, and is entitled "ICMP Attacks Against TCP" (draft-gont-tcpm-icmp-attacks-03.txt).
These attacks, which only affect sessions terminating or originating on a device itself, can be of three types:
1. Attacks that use ICMP "hard" error messages
2. Attacks that use ICMP "fragmentation needed and Don't Fragment (DF) bit set" messages, also known as Path Maximum Transmission Unit Discovery (PMTUD) attacks
3. Attacks that use ICMP "source quench" messagesSuccessful attacks may cause connection resets or reduction of throughput in existing connections, depending on the attack type.
Multiple Cisco products are affected by the attacks described in this Internet draft.
Cisco has made free software available to address these vulnerabilities. In some cases there are workarounds available to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability.
This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20050412-icmp.shtml.
The disclosure of these vulnerabilities is being coordinated by the National Infrastructure Security Coordination Centre (NISCC), based in the United Kingdom. NISCC is working with multiple vendors whose products are potentially affected. Its posting can be found at: http://www.niscc.info/Home-1.aspx.
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IPSec PMTUD not working.
See note for CSCef60659 above.
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Enhancements to L2TPv3 PMTUD may not work.
See note for CSCef60659 above.
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GRE and IPinIP doing PMTUD vulnerable to spoofed ICMP packets.
See note for CSCef60659 above.
Related Documentation
The following sections describe the documentation available for the Cisco 830 series and Cisco 2801 routers. These documents consist of hardware and software installation guides, Cisco IOS configuration guides and command references, system error messages, feature modules, and other documents.
Documentation is available as printed manuals or electronic documents, except for feature modules, which are available online on Cisco.com and http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/index.htm.
Use these release notes with these documents:
Release-Specific Documents
The following documents are specific to Cisco IOS Release 12.3 and are located on Cisco.com and http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/index.htm:
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On Cisco.com at:
Products and Solutions: Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3: Instructions and Guides: Release Notes
On http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/index.htm at:
Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Release 12.3: Release Notes: Cross-Platform Release Notes
Note
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As a supplement to the caveats listed in these release notes, see Caveats for Cisco IOS Release 12.3 and Caveats for Cisco IOS Release 12.3T, which contains caveats applicable to all platforms for all maintenance releases of Cisco IOS Release 12.3 and Cisco IOS Release 12.3T.
On Cisco.com at:
Products & Solutions: IOS Software: Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3: Instructions and Guides: Release Notes: Release Notes for Cisco IOS Release 12.3, Part 5: Caveats
On http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/index.htm at:
Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Release 12.3: Release Notes: Caveats
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Platform-Specific Documents
Locate platform-specific documents for the Cisco 830 series and Cisco 2801 routers on Cisco.com by clicking the following path:
Technical Documentation: Routers: Fixed Config. Access Routers: <platform_name>
Cisco Feature Navigator
Cisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets that are supported on specific platforms. To obtain updated information regarding platform support for this feature, access Cisco Feature Navigator. Cisco Feature Navigator dynamically updates the list of supported platforms as new platform support is added for the feature.
Cisco Feature Navigator is a web-based tool that enables you to quickly determine which Cisco IOS software images support a specific set of features and which features are supported in a specific Cisco IOS image. You can search by feature or release. Under the release section, you can compare releases side by side to display both the features unique to each software release and the features in common.
To access Cisco Feature Navigator, you must have an account on Cisco.com. If you have forgotten or lost your account information, send a blank e-mail to cco-locksmith@cisco.com. An automatic check will verify that your e-mail address is registered with Cisco.com. If the check is successful, account details with a new random password will be e-mailed to you. Qualified users can establish an account on Cisco.com by following the directions found at this URL:
http://tools.cisco.com/RPF/register/register.do
Cisco Feature Navigator is updated regularly when major Cisco IOS software releases and technology releases occur. For the most current information, go to the Cisco Feature Navigator home page at the following URL:
http://tools.cisco.com/ITDIT/CFN/jsp/index.jsp
Cisco IOS Software Documentation Set
The Cisco IOS software documentation set consists of the Cisco IOS configuration guides, Cisco IOS command references, and several other supporting documents.
Documentation Modules
Each module in the Cisco IOS documentation set consists of one or more configuration guides and one or more corresponding command references. Chapters in a configuration guide describe protocols, configuration tasks, and Cisco IOS software functionality, and contain comprehensive configuration examples. Chapters in a command reference provide complete command syntax information. Use each configuration guide with its corresponding command reference.
On Cisco.com at:
Products and Solutions: Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Releases 12.3: Instructions and Guides
On http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html at:
Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Release 12.3: Configuration Guides and Command References
Cisco IOS Release 12.3 Documentation Set Contents
Table 7 lists the contents of the Cisco IOS Release 12.3 software documentation set, which is available in electronic form and in printed form if ordered.
On Cisco.com at:
Products and Solutions: Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Releases 12.3: Instructions and Guides
On http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/index.htm at:
Cisco IOS Software: Cisco IOS Release 12.3
Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines
For information on obtaining documentation, obtaining support, providing documentation feed-back, security guidelines, and also recommended aliases and general Cisco documents, see the monthly What's New in Cisco Product Documentation, which also lists all new and revised Cisco technical documentation at:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/whatsnew/whatsnew.html
Use this document in conjunction with the documents listed in the "Related Documentation" section.
CCVP, the Cisco logo, and the Cisco Square Bridge logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn is a service mark of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, BPX, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, CCSP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, GigaDrive, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS, iPhone, IP/TV, iQ Expertise, the iQ logo, iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, iQuick Study, LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, Networking Academy, Network Registrar, Packet, PIX, ProConnect, ScriptShare, SMARTnet, StackWise, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0705R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses. Any examples, command display output, and figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.
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