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Table Of Contents
FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision
Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
Configuring Answer Supervision by Battery Reversal Detection
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Standard Call-Progress Tones
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Custom Call-Progress Tones
Creating a Class of Custom Call-Progress Tones
Creating a Class of Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits
Assigning Custom Call-Progress Tones and Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits to an FXO Voice Port
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Any Tone (Disconnect Supervision Only)
Verifying Configuration of Call-Progress Tone Detection
supervisory disconnect anytone
supervisory disconnect dualtone
supervisory dualtone-detect-params
voice class dualtone-detect-params
FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision
This feature module describes the FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature for analog Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) voice ports. This feature applies to analog FXO voice ports with loop-start signaling connected to Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTNs), PBXs, or key systems.
FXO disconnect supervision was introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.1(3)T on the Cisco 2600 and Cisco 3600 series routers and Cisco MC3810 series concentrators.
FXO answer supervision was introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T on the Cisco 1750, Cisco 2600 and Cisco 3600 series routers and Cisco MC3810 series concentrators.
This document includes the following sections:
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Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
Feature Overview
The FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature enables analog FXO ports to monitor call-progress tones, and to monitor voice and fax transmissions returned from a PBX or from the PSTN.
You can configure voice ports to detect either the standard call-progress tones that are preconfigured for certain countries, or you can configure custom call-progress tone detection. Tone detection is performed by the digital signal processor (DSP) and causes a DSP event to be reported to the host software.
Answer supervision can be accomplished in two ways: by detecting battery reversal, or by detecting voice, fax, or modem tones. If an FXO voice port is connected to the PSTN, and battery reversal is supported, use the battery reversal method. Voice ports that do not support battery reversal must use the answer supervision method, in which answer supervision is triggered when the DSP detects voice, modem, or fax transmissions. Configuring answer supervision automatically enables disconnect supervision; however, you can configure disconnect supervision separately if answer supervision is not configured.
Disconnect supervision can be configured to detect call-progress tones sent by the PBX or PSTN (for example, busy, reorder, out-of-service, number-unavailable), or to detect any tone received (for example, busy tone or dial-tone). When an incoming call ends, the DSP detects the associated call-progress tone, causing the analog FXO voice port to go on-hook.
You can configure disconnect tones to be detected either continuously during calls or only during call setup (before calls are answered). If a port is configured to detect any tone received, the tone detection operates only during call setup, and you must also enable echo cancellation to prevent disconnection due to detection of the router's own ringback tone.
Benefits
Answer supervision allows interoperability with analog PSTN and PBX systems that are incompatible with the answer-supervision and disconnect-supervision features provided by digital trunk interfaces.
Answer supervision provides more accurate billing records by reporting only answered calls as connected. Without answer supervision, all calls are reported as connected, including unanswered calls, calls to busy lines, and calls that fail due to network congestion or other reasons.
Disconnect supervision allows interoperability with PSTN and PBX systems regardless of their ability to transmit supervisory tones. This prevents billing errors that could otherwise result from failure to detect noncompletion or termination of calls.
Restrictions
The FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature is applicable only to analog FXO ports with loop-start signaling.
Answer supervision is triggered only by the voice and tones that the FXO voice port receives from the called-party end.
FXO answer supervision and disconnect supervision are not supported on local hairpinned calls between analog voice ports (Foreign Exchange Station [FXS] and FXO) on Cisco MC3810 series concentrators, because the DSP is bypassed. If hairpinning is turned off with the no voice local-bypass global configuration command, FXO answer supervision and disconnect supervision are supported.
For calls that are not answered before the ringing timeout period, call connection (and, therefore, start of billing) is not supported. Unanswered calls are dropped after the ringing timeout.
Network announcements cannot be interpreted as disconnect tones.
There is no timer function to initiate a disconnection in cases of calls in which there are no detectable supervisory tones, voice, or fax transmissions.
Battery reversal must be used to provide answer supervision on FXO voice ports connected to a PSTN, if the system supports battery reversal. Configuring battery reversal does not enable disconnect supervision.
If interactive voice response (IVR) is configured, false answer supervision can occur due to echo if the calling party speaks. This results in unanswered calls being reported as having been connected.
Cisco MC3810 series concentrators must be equipped with high-performance compression modules (HCMs) to support tone detection. Standard voice compression modules (VCMs) do not support FXO answer and disconnect supervision using tone detection. This restriction does not apply to answer supervision by battery reversal detection.
Related Documents
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Supported Platforms
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Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
Standards
No new or modified standards are supported by this feature.
MIBs
No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature.
To obtain lists of supported MIBs by platform and Cisco IOS release, and to download MIB modules, go to the Cisco MIB web site on Cisco Connection Online (CCO) at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml.
RFCs
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature.
Prerequisites
The FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature described in this document requires Cisco IOS Release 12.2(2)T or later.
Configuration Tasks
If you are configuring an FXO voice port connected to a PSTN, and the system supports battery reversal, configure answer supervision by battery reversal.
Note
If you are configuring a voice port or system that does not support battery reversal, configure answer supervision by detection of call-progress tones. Call-progress tone detection also enables disconnect supervision.
Caution
You can configure a voice port to detect standard call-progress tones for a particular region or country, or you can configure custom tone detection parameters. Use the standard tone-detection procedure if the cptone command provides a set of call-progress tones matching your requirements. Use the custom tone-detection capability when the cptone command does not provide a preconfigured set of call-progress tones for your region or country.
To configure answer supervision by battery reversal detection, complete the following task:
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To configure answer supervision by detection of standard call-progress tones, complete the following task:
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To configure detection of custom call-progress tones, complete the following task:
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To configure a voice port to disconnect when any tone is detected, complete the following task:
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To verify your configuration, complete the following task:
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Configuring Answer Supervision by Battery Reversal Detection
To enable an FXO voice port to detect when calls are answered by detecting battery reversal, complete the following steps beginning in global configuration mode:
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Standard Call-Progress Tones
To enable detection of standard call-progress tones for a country or locale, complete the following steps beginning in global configuration mode:
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Custom Call-Progress Tones
To enable detection of custom call-progress tones, create a voice class to define the call-progress tones. These call-progress tones have default tolerance limits; to change the tolerance limits, create another voice class to define nondefault tolerance limits for the tone-detection parameters. Finally, associate the call-progress-tone voice class, and the tolerance-limit voice class if required, with the applicable analog FXO voice ports.
To configure a voice port to detect custom call-progress tones, complete the following tasks:
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Creating a Class of Custom Call-Progress Tones
To configure a voice port to detect incoming call-progress tones, you need to know the parameters of the tones expected from the PBX or PSTN. This procedure creates a set, or class, of specified tones that can be associated with voice ports. The parameters of the tones need to be precisely specified to prevent unwanted actions due to detection of nonsupervisory tones or noise.
A call-progress tone can consist of a single frequency or a combination of two frequencies, and it can have a cadence with up to four on times and four off times.
Caution
To create a voice class that defines the specific tone or tones to be detected, complete the following steps, as required, beginning in global configuration mode:
Creating a Class of Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits
To create a voice class that defines a set of nondefault tolerance limits for the frequency, power, and cadence of the tones to be detected, complete the following steps, as required, beginning in global configuration mode:
Assigning Custom Call-Progress Tones and Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits to an FXO Voice Port
To configure an analog FXO voice port to detect previously configured classes of call-progress tones and tone-detection tolerance limits, complete the following steps, as applicable, beginning in global configuration mode:
Step 1
For Cisco 2600 and Cisco 3600 series analog voice ports:
Router(config)# voice-port slot/subunit/port
For Cisco 1750 and Cisco MC3810 series analog voice ports:
Router(config)# voice-port slot/port
Identifies the voice port you want to configure and enters voice-port configuration mode.
Step 2
If both answer supervision and disconnect supervision are required:
Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtone [sensitivity {high | medium | low}]
Enables answer supervision and enables disconnect supervision preconnect (during call setup).
The sensitivity setting applies to answer supervision, and the default is medium.
If only disconnect supervision is required:
Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory disconnect dualtone {mid-call | pre-connect}
Enables disconnect supervision. Specify pre-connect for tone detection only during call setup. Specify mid-call for tone detection during the entire call duration.
Step 3
Router(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversal
Ensures that battery reversal is not enabled on this voice port.
Step 4
Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone cptone-name
(If required) Configures a voice port to detect the call-progress tones that were defined by the voice class custom-cptone command.
The cptone-name specifies a voice class created in the "Creating a Class of Custom Call-Progress Tones" section.
Step 5
Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params tag
(If required) Associates a set, or class, of tolerance limits for the frequency, power, and cadence of the tones to be detected. The class of tolerance limits was created by the voice class dualtone-detect-params command.
The tag specifies a voice class created in the "Creating a Class of Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits" section.
Step 6
Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect {seconds | infinity}
(If required) Configures a nondefault duration in seconds that a voice port waits before disconnecting an incoming call, after disconnect tones are detected.
The range is 1 to 120. The default is 60.
Step 7
Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts wait-release {seconds | infinity}
(If required) Configures a nondefault duration in seconds that a voice port waits before disconnecting an outgoing call, after disconnect tones are detected.
The range is 1 to 3600. The default is 30.
Step 8
Router(config-voiceport)# exit
Exits from voice-port configuration mode.
Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Any Tone (Disconnect Supervision Only)
To configure an analog FXO voice port to go on-hook when any tone is received from a PBX or PSTN before the call is answered, complete the following steps, beginning in global configuration mode:
Verifying Configuration of Call-Progress Tone Detection
Enter the show running-config command to verify that call-progress tone detection has been properly configured on a voice port.
The following example shows part of the output from the show running-config command on a Cisco 3600 series router, in which the following configurations are demonstrated:
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Router# show running-configBuilding configuration......voice class dualtone-detect-params 1freq-max-power 0freq-min-power 35freq-power-twist 15freq-max-delay 40cadence-variation 8!voice class dualtone-detect-params 2freq-max-power 6freq-min-power 25freq-power-twist 15freq-max-delay 16cadence-variation 8!!voice class custom-cptone us-customdualtone busyfrequency 480 620cadence 500 500dualtone ringbackfrequency 440 480cadence 2000 4000dualtone reorderfrequency 480 620cadence 250 250dualtone out-of-servicefrequency 950cadence 330 330dualtone number-unobtainablefrequency 480 620cadence 250 250dualtone disconnectfrequency 600cadence 330 330!!voice class custom-cptone oz-customdualtone ringbackfrequency 440 480cadence 2000 4000dualtone number-unobtainablefrequency 480 620cadence 250 250...voice-port 1/1/0timeouts ringing infinitytimeouts wait-release 3timeouts call-disconnect 1supervisory disconnect dualtone pre-connectsupervisory answer dualtonesupervisory custom-cptone us-customsupervisory dualtone-detect-params 1no battery-reversal...Troubleshooting Tips
This section provides solutions to problems that might be encountered when implementing the
FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature.Typical problems with the answer supervision feature are as follows:
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If any call legs have IVR configured, ensure that the IVR version is 2.0.
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The wrong call-progress tone (cptone) is configured on the voice port. Refer to the "Configuring Voice Ports to Detect Standard Call-Progress Tones" section.
The wrong dualtone detection parameters are configured. Refer to the "Creating a Class of Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits" section. The variables are described in the "Command Reference" section of this feature module.
If a custom call-progress tones are assigned to the voice port, but the ringback tone has not been configured, the default behavior is not to detect any ringback tones.
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Answer supervision—either by battery-reversal detection or by call-progress tone detection—is not configured on the voice-port being utilized. See the "Configuration Tasks" section.
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The sensitivity level in the supervisory answer dualtone command is set too low. Configure the sensitivity for high. In the "Command Reference" section of this feature module, refer to the "supervisory answer dualtone" section.
If incorrect disconnect cause codes are reported, check the following configuration values:
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Note
If calls are not billed correctly, the cause might be that answer supervision is not being triggered. For answer supervision to be triggered, voice/fax/data tones originating at the called-party end must be detected.
Monitoring and Maintaining
To monitor the status of the FXO Answer and Disconnect Supervision feature, use the show voice port command in EXEC mode, for the FXO voice port to be monitored. The following table illustrates the use of the show voice port command for monitoring voice port 1/1/0.
Configuration Examples
This section provides examples that illustrate basic FXO answer and disconnect supervision configurations:
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Enabling Answer Supervision by Battery-Reversal Detection on FXO Voice Ports
The following example enables answer supervision by battery reversal detection on FXO voice ports 1/1, 1/2, and 1/3 on a Cisco MC3810:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# battery-reversal answerRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/2Router(config-voiceport)# battery-reversal answerRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/3Router(config-voiceport)# battery-reversal answerRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)#Enabling and Defining Answer Supervision with Standard Tone Detection on FXO Voice Ports
The following example enables call-progress tone detection on FXO voice ports 1/1, 1/2, and 1/3 on a Cisco MC3810, using the standard call-progress tone parameters for the USA:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# cptone usRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/2Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# cptone usRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/3Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# cptone usRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)#Creating a Voice Class to Specify Custom FXO Answer-Supervision Parameters
The following example configures a voice class with the name "country-x" and specifies a set of custom call-progress tone-detection parameters:
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# dualtone ringbackRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 3000 4000Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 420 460Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone busyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 250 250Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 500 600Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone reorderRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 200 200Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 500 600Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone out-of-serviceRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 360 360Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 800Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone number-unobtainableRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 200 200Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 500 600Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone disconnectRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 360 360Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 650Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# exitRouter(cfg-cptone)# exitRouter(config)#Creating a Voice Class to Specify Custom Tone-Detection Tolerance Limits
The following example configures a voice class with a tag identification of 100, which defines a set of nondefault tolerance limits for the frequency, power, and cadence of the tones to be detected:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 100Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-deviation 15Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-power 12Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-min-power 25Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-power-twist 10Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-delay 100Router(cfg-dual-detect)# cadence-variation 125Router(cfg-dual-detect)# exitRouter(config)# exitEnabling and Defining Answer Supervision with Custom Tone Detection on FXO Voice Ports
The following example enables call-progress tone detection on FXO voice ports 1/1, 1/2, and 1/3 on a Cisco MC3810, defines the tones to be detected, and specifies nondefault tone-detection tolerances:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params 100Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect 5Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts wait-release 10Router(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/2Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params 100Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect 5Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts wait-release 10Router(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/3Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params 100Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect 5Router(config-voiceport)# timeouts wait-release 10Router(config-voiceport)# exitThe following example enables call-progress tone detection on FXO voice ports 1/1/0, 1/1/1, and 1/2/0 on a Cisco 3600 series router, defines the tones to be detected, and specifies default tone-detection tolerances:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1/0Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# no supervisory dualtone-detect-paramsRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/1/1Router(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# no supervisory dualtone-detect-paramsRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/2/0Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalRouter(config-voiceport)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# no supervisory dualtone-detect-paramsRouter(config-voiceport)# exitThe following example disables call-progress tone detection on FXO voice port 1/1 on a Cisco MC3810:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# no supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)# exitConfiguring a Voice Port to Disconnect with Any Detected Tone
This example configures voice port 1/1 to go on-hook when any tone is received from a PBX or PSTN, if the caller goes on-hook before the call is answered:
Router(config)# voice port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# echo-cancel enableRouter(config-voiceport)# connection plar 12Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory disconnect anytoneRouter(config-voiceport)# exitCommand Reference
This section documents new and modified commands. All other commands used with this feature are documented in the Cisco IOS Release 12.1 command reference publications.
New Commands
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Modified Commands
battery-reversal
To specify battery polarity reversal on an FXO or FXS port, use the battery-reversal voice-port configuration command. Use the no form of this command to disable battery reversal.
battery-reversal [answer]
no battery-reversal
Syntax Description
Defaults
Battery reversal is enabled.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
The battery-reversal command applies to FXO and FXS voice ports. On Cisco 2600 and 3600 series routers, only analog voice ports in VIC-2FXO-M1 and VIC-2FXO-M2 voice interface cards are able to detect battery reversal; analog voice ports in VIC-2FXO and VIC-2FXO-EU voice interface cards do not detect battery reversal. On digital voice ports, battery reversal is only supported on E1 MELCAS; it is not supported in T1 channel associated signaling (CAS) or E1 CAS.
FXS ports normally reverse battery upon call connection. If an FXS port is connected to an FXO port that does not support battery reversal detection, you can use the no battery-reversal command on the FXS port to prevent unexpected behavior.
FXO ports in loopstart mode normally disconnect calls when they detect a second battery reversal (back to normal). You can use the no battery-reversal command on FXO ports to disable this action.
The battery-reversal command restores voice ports to their default battery-reversal operation.
If an FXO voice port is connected to the PSTN and supports battery reversal, use the battery-reversal command with the answer keyword to configure answer supervision. This configures the FXO voice port to detect when a call is answered to provide correct billing information.
If the voice port, PSTN, or PBX does not support battery reversal, do not use the battery-reversal answer command, because it prevents outgoing calls from being connected. Use the supervisory answer dualtone command instead.
If an FXO port or its peer FXS port does not support battery reversal, avoid configuring battery-reversal or battery-reversal answer on the FXO port. On FXO ports that do not support battery reversal, the battery-reversal command can cause unpredictable behavior, and the battery-reversal answer command prevents calls from being answered. Use the no battery-reversal command on FXO ports that do not support battery reversal, to ensure that battery reversal answer is disabled.
Examples
The following example enables or restores battery reversal on voice port 1/0/0 on a Cisco 2600 or 3600 series router:
router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0router(config-voiceport)# battery-reversalThe following example disables battery reversal on voice port 1/1 on a Cisco MC3810:
router(config)# voice-port 1/1router(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalThe following example disables battery reversal on voice port 1/0/0 on a Cisco 2600 or 3600 series router:
router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0router(config-voiceport)# no battery-reversalThe following example enables battery reversal to provide answer supervision on voice port 1/0/0 on a Cisco 2600 or 3600 series router:
router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0router(config-voiceport)# battery-reversal answerRelated Commands
show voice port
Displays voice port configuration information.
Enables answer supervision on an FXO voice port on which battery reversal is not supported.
cadence
To define the tone on and off durations for a call-progress tone, use the cadence dualtone configuration command. To restore the default cadence, use the no form of this command.
cadence {cycle-1-on-time cycle-1-off-time [cycle-2-on-time cycle-2-off-time] [cycle-3-on-time cycle-3-off-time] [cycle-4-on-time cycle-4-off-time]} | continuous
no cadence
Syntax Description
Defaults
Continuous
Command Modes
cp-dualtone configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command specifies the cadence for a class of custom call-progress tones.
You need to define each cadence that you want a voice port to detect. Re-enter the command for each additional cadence to be detected.
You need to associate the class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port for this command to affect tone detection.
Examples
The following example defines a cadence for a busy tone in the custom-cptone voice class with the name country-x. This example defines 500 ms tone on and 500 ms tone off.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# dualtone busyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 500 500Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# exitRouter(cfg-cptone)#The following example configures detection of the default frequency and cadence values for the busy tone in the custom-cptone voice class with the name country-x. The default frequency is a 300 Hz tone, and the default cadence is continuous.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# dualtone busyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# no cadenceRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# no frequencyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# exitRouter(cfg-cptone)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
cadence-variation
To specify the maximum allowed variation in the call-progress tone cadence, use the cadence-variation voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
cadence-variation time
no cadence-variation
Syntax Description
time
Maximum time that the tone onset can vary from the specified cadence onset time and still be detected, in 10-ms increments.
The range is 0 to 200 (0 ms to 2 s). The default is 100 (1 s).
Defaults
The onset times of the tones in the cadence can vary from the specified times by 1 second.
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class. You can apply the detection limit to any voice port.
Cadence minimum on times and maximum off times are configured automatically.
Examples
The following example specifies 80 ms (eight 10-ms time intervals) as the maximum allowable cadence variation in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# cadence-variation 8Router(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
Assigns the boundary and detection tolerance parameters defined by the voice class dualtone-detect-params command to a voice port.
Enables answer supervision on a voice port.
cptone
To specify a country-standard call-progress tone on an analog voice port, use the cptone voice-port command. To disable the selected tone, use the no form of this command.
cptone locale
no cptone locale
Syntax Description
locale
Names the country-specific call-progress tone to be detected on a voice port.
Valid entries are listed in Table 1 for:
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The 2-letter codes listed in Table 1 comply with the ISO 3166 country name standards.
Valid entries for the Cisco MC3810 with Cisco IOS releases prior to 12.0(4)T are: argentina, australia, austria, belgium, brazil, canada, china, colombia, czechrepublic, denmark, finland, france, germany, greatbritain, greece, hongkong, hungary, iceland, india, indonesia, ireland, israel, italy, japan, korea, luxembourg, malaysia, mexico, netherlands, newzealand, norway, peru, philippines, poland, portugal, russia, singapore, slovakia, slovenia, southafrica, spain, sweden, switzerland, taiwan, thailand, turkey, unitedstates, venezuela.
Defaults
The call-progress tone for northamerica is enabled on the Cisco MC3810 with Cisco IOS releases prior to 12.0(4)T and for ISDN PRI. The call-progress tone for us is enabled on the Cisco MC3810 with Cisco IOS Releases 12.0(4)T and later, on the Cisco 2600 and Cisco 3600 series, and for E1 R2 signaling.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command defines the detection of call-progress tones generated at the local interface. It does not affect any information passed to the remote end of a connection, and it does not define the detection of tones generated at the remote end of a connection.
If your device is configured to support E1 R2 signaling, the E1 R2 signaling type (whether ITU, ITU variant, or local variant as defined by the cas-custom command) needs to match the appropriate pulse code modulation (PCM) encoding type as defined by the cptone command. For countries for which a cptone value has not yet been defined, you can try the following:
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Examples
The following example configures United States standard call-progress tones on voice port 1/0/0 on a Cisco 3600 series router, beginning in global configuration mode:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0Router(config-voiceport)# cptone usThe following example configures Singapore standard call-progress tones on a Cisco MC3810, beginning in global configuration mode:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/1Router(config-voiceport)# cptone sgRelated Commands
voice class custom-cptone
Creates a voice class for defining custom call-progress tones.
dualtone
To enter the cp-dualtone configuration mode for specifying a custom call-progress tone, use the dualtone custom-cptone configuration command. To configure a custom-cptone voice class not to detect a call-progress tone, enter the no form of this command.
dualtone {ringback | busy | reorder | out-of-service | number-unobtainable | disconnect}
no dualtone {ringback | busy | reorder | out-of-service | number-unobtainable | disconnect}
Syntax Description
Defaults
No call-progress tones are defined within the custom-cptone voice class.
Command Modes
custom-cptone voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
The dualtone command enters the cp-dualtone configuration mode and specifies a call-progress tone to be detected. You can specify additional call-progress tones without exiting from the cp-dualtone configuration mode.
Any call-progress tones that are not specified are not detected.
To delete a call-progress tone from this custom-cptone voice class, enter the no form of this command and the keyword for the tone that should not be detected, for example: no dualtone busy.
After you finish specifying tones to be detected, use the exit command to exit the cp-dualtone configuration mode.
You need to associate the class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port for this command to affect tone detection.
Examples
The following example enters the cp-dualtone configuration mode and specifies a busy tone and a ringback tone, in the custom-cptone voice class with the name country-x.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# dualtone busyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 440 480Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 500 500Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# dualtone ringbackRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 400 440Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# cadence 2000 4000Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)# exitRouter(cfg-cptone)# exitRouter(config)#The following example deletes the ringback tone from the custom-cptone voice class with the name country-x.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# no dualtone ringbackRouter(cfg-cptone)# exitRouter(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
freq-max-delay
To specify the maximum onset-time difference for the two frequencies in a call-progress tone, use the freq-max-delay voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
freq-max-delay time
no freq-max-delay
Syntax Description
Defaults
The onset times of the two frequencies may vary by 200 ms.
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class that you can apply to any voice port.
Examples
The following example specifies 160 ms (sixteen 10-ms time intervals) as the maximum time difference allowed between the onset times of the two tone frequencies in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-delay 16Router(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
freq-max-deviation
To specify the maximum cycles per second that the tone frequencies can deviate from the configured freqencies and be detected, use the freq-max-deviation voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
freq-max-deviation frequency
no freq-max-deviation
Syntax Description
Defaults
10 Hz
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class that you can apply to any voice port.
Be sure that the frequency deviation is less than the smallest frequency difference between any two call-progress tones, to prevent overlapping of detectable frequencies. If detectable frequencies overlap, one of the call-progress tones will not be detected.
Examples
The following example configures a maximum frequency deviation of 20 Hz in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-deviation 20Router(cfg-dual-detect)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
freq-max-power
To specify the upper limit of the tone power that will be detected, use the freq-max-power voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
freq-max-power dBm0
no freq-max-power
Syntax Description
dBm0
Upper limit of the tone power that will be detected, in dBm0.
The range is 0 to 20. The default is 10.
Defaults
10 dBm0
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class that you can apply to any voice port.
Examples
The following example specifies 6 dBm0 as the maximum tone power that will be detected in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-power 6Router(cfg-dual-detect)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
freq-min-power
To specify the lower limit of the tone power that will be detected, use the freq-min-power voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
freq-min-power dBm0
no freq-min-power
Syntax Description
dBm0
Lower limit of the tone power that will be detected, in minus dBm0.
The range is 10 to 35 (-10 to -35 dBm0). The default is 30 (-30 dBm0).
Defaults
30 (-30 dBm0)
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class that you can apply to any voice port.
Examples
The following example specifies -25 dBm0 as the minimum tone power that will be detected in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-min-power 25Router(cfg-dual-detect)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
freq-power-twist
To specify the maximum power difference allowed between the two frequencies of a call-progress tone, use the freq-power-twist voice-class configuration command. To restore the default value, use the no form of this command.
freq-power-twist dBm0
no freq-power-twist
Syntax Description
dBm0
Maximum power difference allowed between the two frequencies of a call-progress tone.
The range is 0 to 15. The default is 6.
Defaults
6 dBm0
Command Modes
Voice-class configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command creates a detection limit for one parameter within a voice class that you can apply to any voice port.
Examples
The following example specifies 15 dBm0 as the maximum power difference allowed between the two tone frequencies in voice class 70:
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-power-twist 15Router(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
frequency
To define the frequency components for a call-progress tone, use the frequency dualtone configuration command. To restore the default frequency components, use the no form of this command.
frequency frequency-1 [frequency-2]
no frequency
Syntax Description
Defaults
300 Hz single tone
Command Modes
cp-dualtone configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command specifies the frequency component for a class of custom call-progress tones.
You need to define the frequency that you want a voice port to detect. Re-enter the command for each additional frequency to be detected.
You need to associate the class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port for this command to affect tone detection.
Examples
The following example defines the frequency components for the busy tone in the custom-cptone voice class with the name country-x.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)# dualtone busyRouter(cfg-cp-dualtone)# frequency 480 620Router(cfg-cp-dualtone)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
supervisory answer dualtone
To enable answer supervision on an FXO voice port, use the supervisory answer dualtone voice-port configuration command. To disable answer supervision on a voice port, use the no form of this command.
supervisory answer dualtone [sensitivity {high | medium | low}]
no supervisory answer dualtone
Syntax Description
Defaults
Answer supervision is not enabled on voice ports.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
12.2(2)T
This command was introduced on the Cisco 1750 and Cisco 2600 series, Cisco 3600 series, and Cisco MC3810 series.
Usage Guidelines
This command configures the FXO voice port to detect voice, fax, and modem traffic when calls are answered. If answer supervision is enabled, calls are not recorded as connected until answer supervision is triggered.
This command enables a ring-no-answer timeout which drops calls after a specified period of ringback. The period of ringback can be configured using the timeouts ringing command.
This command automatically enables disconnect supervision in the preconnect mode on the voice port if disconnect supervision is not already enabled with the supervisory disconnect dualtone command.
This feature is applicable to analog FXO voice ports with loop-start signaling.
If false answering is detected, decrease the sensitivity setting. If answering detection is failing, increase the sensitivity setting.
Examples
The following example enables answer supervision on voice port 1/5:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)#The following example enables answer supervision on voice port 0/1/1:
Router(config)# voice-port 0/1/1Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory answer dualtoneRouter(config-voiceport)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
supervisory custom-cptone
To associate a class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port, use the supervisory custom-cptone voice-port configuration command. To restore the default call-progress tones on a voice port, use the no form of this command.
supervisory custom-cptone cptone-name
no supervisory custom-cptone
Syntax Description
Defaults
The United States standard call-progress tones are associated with a voice port.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command associates a class of custom call-progress tones, defined by the voice class custom-cptone command, with a voice port.
You can associate the same custom call-progress tones to multiple voice ports.
You can associate only one class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port. If you associate a second class of custom call-progress tones with a voice port, the second class of custom tones replaces the one previously assigned.
This feature is applicable to analog FXO voice ports with loop-start signaling.
Examples
The following example associates the call-progress tone with the name country-x with voice ports 1/4 and 1/5:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/4Router(config-voice-class)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voice-class)# supervisory custom-cptone country-xRouter(config-voice-class)# exitRelated CommandsRelated Commands
Defines a call-progress tone to be detected.
Enables answer supervision on an FXO voice port.
Enables disconnect supervision on an FXO voice port.
supervisory disconnect anytone
To configure an FXO voice port to go on-hook if the router detects any tone from a PBX or PSTN before an outgoing call is answered, use the supervisory disconnect anytone voice-port configuration command. To restore the default, use the no form of this command.
supervisory disconnect anytone
no supervisory disconnect anytone
Syntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Defaults
The supervisory disconnect function is not enabled on voice ports.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
The supervisory disconnect anytone voice-port command can be used to provide the disconnect function in cases where the PBX or PSTN does not provide a supervisory tone.
This function is enabled only during call setup (before the call is answered); examples of tones that trigger a disconnect include busy tone, fast busy tone, and dial tone.
You must enable echo cancellation; otherwise, the router's own ringback tone can trigger a disconnect.
This command replaces the no supervisory disconnect signal command.
If you enter the no supervisory disconnect signal command, the supervisory disconnect anytone feature will be enabled, and supervisory disconnect anytone will be displayed when show commands are entered.
If either the supervisory disconnect anytone command or the no supervisory disconnect signal command is entered, answer supervision will be automatically disabled.
Examples
The following example configures voice ports 1/4 and 1/5 to go on hook if any tone from the PBX or PSTN is detected before the call is answered:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/4Router(config-voice-class)# supervisory disconnect anytoneRouter(config-voice-class)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voice-class)# supervisory disconnect anytoneRouter(config-voice-class)# exitThe following example disables the disconnect function on voice port 1/5:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voice-class)# no supervisory disconnect anytoneRouter(config-voice-class)# exitRelated CommandsRelated Commands
supervisory disconnect dualtone
To enable disconnect supervision on an FXO voice port, use the supervisory disconnect dualtone voice-port configuration command. To disable disconnect supervision on a voice port, use the no form of this command.
supervisory disconnect dualtone {mid-call | pre-connect}
no supervisory disconnect dualtone
Syntax Description
Defaults
Disconnect supervision is not enabled on voice ports.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command configures an FXO voice port to disconnect calls when the router detects call-progress tones from a PBX or from the PSTN. The disconnection occurs after the wait-release time specified on the voice port.
Disconnect supervision is automatically enabled in the preconnect mode on the voice port if the supervisory answer dualtone command is entered.
This feature is applicable to analog FXO voice ports with loop-start signaling.
Examples
The following example specifies tone detection during the entire call duration:
Router(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory disconnect dualtone mid-callRouter(config-voiceport)# exitThe following example specifies tone detection only during call setup:
Router(config)# voice-port 0/1/1Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory disconnect dualtone pre-connectRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRelated CommandsRelated Commands
supervisory dualtone-detect-params
To associate a class of modified tone-detection tolerance limits with a voice port, use the supervisory dualtone-detect-params voice-port configuration command. To restore the default tone-detection tolerance limits to a voice port, use the no form of this command.
supervisory dualtone-detect-params tag
no supervisory dualtone-detect-params
Syntax Description
Defaults
The default tone-detection tolerance limits are associated with voice ports.
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
This command associates a specific set of modified tone-detection tolerance limits, defined by the voice class dualtone-detect-params command, to a voice port.
You can associate the same class of modified tone-detection tolerance limits to multiple voice ports.
You can associate only one class of modified tone-detection tolerance limits to a voice port. If you associate a second class of modified tone-detection tolerance limits with a voice port, the second class replaces the one previously assigned.
This feature is applicable to analog FXO voice ports with loop-start signaling.
Examples
The following example associates the class of modified tone-detection tolerance limits with the tag 70 with voice ports 1/5 and 1/6.
Router(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params 70Router(config-voiceport)# exitRouter(config)# voice-port 1/6Router(config-voiceport)# supervisory dualtone-detect-params 70Router(config-voiceport)# exitThe following example restores the default tone-detection parameters to voice port 1/5.
Router(config)# voice-port 1/5Router(config-voiceport)# no supervisory dualtone-detect-paramsRouter(config-voiceport)# exitRelated CommandsRelated Commands
Creates a voice class for call-progress tone-detection tolerance parameters.
Enables answer supervision on an FXO voice port.
Enables disconnect supervision on an FXO voice port.
timeouts call-disconnect
To configure the delay time that an FXO voice port waits before disconnecting an incoming call, after disconnect tones are detected, use the timeouts call-disconnect voice-port configuration command. Use the no form of this command to restore the default value.
timeouts call-disconnect {seconds | infinity}
no timeouts call-disconnect
Syntax Description
Defaults
60 seconds
Command Modes
Voice-port configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
Use this command to change the time that an FXO voice port remains connected after the calling party hangs up, when a call is not answered. Use of the infinity keyword is not recommended for disabling the disconnect supervision feature.
Examples
The following example configures voice port 1/1 on a Cisco MC3810 to remain connected for 2 seconds while a disconnect tone is received by the voice port:
router(config)# voice-port 1/1router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect 2The following example configures voice port 0/0/1 on a Cisco 3600 to remain connected for 3 seconds while a disconnect tone is received by the voice port:
router(config)# voice-port 0/0/1router(config-voiceport)# timeouts call-disconnect 3Related Commands
timeouts wait-release
Specifies the delay time for releasing the calling voice port after a disconnect tone is received from the called voice port.
voice class custom-cptone
To create a voice class for defining custom call-progress tones to be detected, use the voice class custom-cptone global configuration command. To delete the voice class, use the no form of this command.
voice class custom-cptone cptone-name
no voice class custom-cptone cptone-name
Syntax Description
Defaults
No voice class of custom call-progress tones is created.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
Use this command to define a custom-cptone voice class and enter voice class configuration mode. The cptone-name tag is used to associate this set of custom call-progress tones with voice ports.
After you create the custom-cptone voice class, you need to define the custom call-progress tones for this voice class, using the dualtone command.
Examples
The following example creates a custom-cptone voice class named country-x.
Router(config)# voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(cfg-cptone)#The following example deletes the custom-cptone voice class named country-x.
Router(config)# no voice class custom-cptone country-xRouter(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
voice class dualtone-detect-params
To create a voice class for defining a set of tolerance limits for the frequency, power, and cadence parameters of the tones to be detected, use the voice class dualtone-detect-params global configuration command. To delete a voice class, use the no form of this command.
voice class dualtone-detect-params tag
no voice class dualtone-detect-params tag
Syntax Description
Defaults
No voice class is configured for defining answer-supervision tolerance limits.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
Use this command to create a voice class in which you can define maximum and minimum call-progress tone tolerance parameters that you can apply to any voice port. These parameters further define the call-progress tones defined by the voice class custom-cptone command. Use the supervisory dualtone-detect-params command to apply these tolerance parameters to a voice port.
Examples
The following example creates cfg-dual-detect voice class 70, in which you can specify modified boundaries and limits for call-progress tone detection.
Router(config)# voice class dualtone-detect-params 70Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-deviation 25Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-power -5Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-min-power -20Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-power-twist 10Router(cfg-dual-detect)# freq-max-delay 50Router(cfg-dual-detect)# cadence-variation 80Router(cfg-dual-detect)# exitRouter(config)#Related CommandsRelated Commands
Assigns the boundary and detection tolerance parameters defined by the voice class dualtone-detect-params command to a voice port.
Glossary
ABCD signaling—Four-bit telephony line signaling coding in which each letter of "ABCD" represents one of the four bits. This is often associated with CAS or robbed-bit signaling on a T1 or E1 telephony trunk.
AIS—alarm indication signal.
AVBO—Advanced Voice Busy Out.
Cisco trunk (private line) call—A Cisco trunk (private line) call is established by the forced connection of a dynamic switched call. A Cisco trunk call is established during configuration of the trunk and stays up for the duration of the configuration. Optionally, it provides a pass-through connection path to pass signaling information between the two telephony interfaces at either end of the connection.
CLI—command-line interface.
codec—coder-decoder. An integrated circuit device that typically uses pulse code modulation to transform analog signals into a digital bit stream, and digital signals back into analog signals. In Voice over IP, Voice over Frame Relay, and Voice over ATM, a DSP software algorithm used to compress/decompress speech or audio signals.
CPtone—call-progress tone. Tones sent from a PBX or from the PSTN to support answer supervision and disconnect supervision by voice ports.
DLCI—data-link connection identifier.
dial peer—An addressable call endpoint that contains configuration information, including voice protocol, a codec type, and a telephone number associated with the call endpoint. There are five kinds of dial peers: POTS, VoIP, VoFR, VoATM, and VoHDLC.
DSP—digital signal processor.
DTMF—dual tone multifrequency. Uses two simultaneous voice-band tones for dial such as touch tone.
DTMF relay—Enables the generation of FRF.11 Annex A frames for a VoFR dial peer. The DSP generates Annex A frames instead of passing a DTMF tone through the network as a voice sample.
dynamic switched call—A telephone call dynamically established across a packet data network based on a dialed telephone number. In the case of VoFR, a Cisco proprietary session protocol similar to Q.931 is used to achieve call switching and negotiation between calling endpoints. The proprietary session protocol runs over FRF.11-compliant subchannels.
E&M—Refers to 2-wire or 4-wire interfaces with separate signaling paths (from "Ear and Mouth," also "recEive and transMit"). E&M is a trunking arrangement generally used for two-way switch-to-switch or switch-to-network connections. The Cisco analog E&M interface is an RJ-48 connector that allows connections to PBX trunk lines (tie lines). E&M is also available on E1 and T1 digital interfaces.
E1—European equivalent of T1. Thirty-two 64-kbps channels include one channel for framing and one channel for D-channel information. The clock rate is 2.048 MHz.
FRF—Frame Relay Forum. An association of corporate members consisting of vendors, carriers, users, and consultants committed to implementing Frame Relay in accordance with national and international standards. See http://www.frforum.com.
FRF.11—Frame Relay Forum implementation agreement for Voice over Frame Relay (v1.0 May 1997). This specification defines multiplexed data, voice, fax, DTMF digit-relay, and CAS/robbed-bit signaling frame formats, but does not include call setup, routing, or administration facilities. See http://www.frforum.com.
FRF.11 Annex C—See FRF.12.
FRF11-trunk—A point-to-point permanent voice connection (private line) conforming to the FRF.11 specification.
FRF.12—The FRF.12 Implementation Agreement (also known as FRF.11 Annex C) was developed to allow long data frames to be fragmented into small pieces and interleaved with real-time frames. In this way, real-time voice and non-real-time data frames can be carried together on low-speed links without causing excessive delay to the real-time traffic.
FXO—Foreign Exchange Office. An FXO interface connects to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) central office and is the interface offered on a standard telephone. The Cisco FXO interface is an RJ-11 connector that allows an analog connection to be directed to the PSTN central office or to a station interface on a PBX.
FXS—Foreign Exchange Station. An FXS interface connects directly to a standard telephone and supplies ring, voltage, and dial tone. The Cisco FXS interface is an RJ-11 connector that allows connections to basic telephone service equipment, keysets, and PBXs.
ICPIF—Calculated Planning Impairment Factor.
LVBO—Local Voice Busy Out.
MEL CAS—Mercury Exchange Limited (MEL) channel associated signaling (CAS). A voice signaling protocol used primarily in the United Kingdom.
OOS—out of service state of the call or trunk.
PBX—private branch exchange. A privately owned central switching office.
permanent calls—Permanent calls are private line calls used for fixed point-to-point calls, connections between PBXs (E&M to E&M), or for remote telephone extensions (FXO to FXS).
POTS—plain old telephone service. Basic telephone service supplying standard single-line telephones, telephone lines, and access to the PSTN.
POTS dial peer—Dial peer connected by a traditional telephony network. POTS peers point to a particular voice port on a voice network device.
PSTN—Public Switched Telephone Network. PSTN refers to the local telephone company.
RTR—Response Time Reporter.
switched calls—Switched calls are normal telephone calls when a user picks up a phone, hears a dial tone, and enters the destination phone number to reach the other phone. Switched calls can also be private line, automatic ringdown (PLAR) calls, or tie-line calls for fixed point-to-point connections.
T1—Digital WAN carrier facility. T1 transmits DS1-formatted data at 1.544 Mbps through the telephone-switching network by using AMI or B8ZS coding.
tandem switching—The dynamic switching of voice calls between VoFR, VoATM, or VoHDLC PVCs and subchannels; also called tandeming. Tandem switching is often encountered in multihop VoFR call-connection paths.
trunk—Service that allows quasi-transparent connections between two PBXs, a PBX and a local extension, or some other combination of telephony interfaces with signaling passed transparently through the packet data network.
VoFR—Voice over Frame Relay.
VoFR dial peer—Dial peer connected by a Frame Relay network. VoFR peers point to specific VoFR devices.
Voice over Frame Relay—Voice over Frame Relay enables a router to carry voice traffic, for example, telephone calls and faxes, over a Frame Relay network. When sending voice traffic over Frame Relay, the voice traffic is segmented and encapsulated for transit across the Frame Relay network by using FRF.12 encapsulation.
Voice over IP (VoIP)—Voice over IP enables a router to carry voice traffic, for example, telephone calls and faxes, over an IP network. In Voice over IP, the DSP segments the voice signal into frames that are then coupled in groups of two and stored in voice packets that are transported by using IP in compliance with ITU-T specification H.323.
