The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language.
First Published: January 8, 2009
Last Updated: October 11, 2012
The Cisco RF Gateway 10 (RFGW-10) Universal Edge Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (UEQAM) supports two types of line card redundancy. The QAM line cards are protected with 1:1 and 1:N redundancy schemes. The internal Cisco RF Switch together with the Cisco RFGW-10 UEQAM provides a fully redundant system that enables cable operators to achieve Packet Cable system availability, minimized service disruptions, and simplified operations.
Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the “Feature Information for 1:1 and 1:N Line Card Redundancy” section.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS, Catalyst OS, and Cisco IOS XE software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Table 1 lists the line card redundancy compatibility between the Cisco RFGW-10 line cards within the same redundancy group.
|
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|
|
|||
|
|||
|
Note The QAM ports of the QAM line card are protected. Front panel Gigabit Ethernet and the 10-Gigabit Ethernet SFP ports are not protected. They remain in use for all line cards regardless of the active or standby redundancy states.
The Cisco RFGW-10 supports up to two line card protection groups—class 1:1 or class 1:N. 1:N redundancy or 1 for N backup (warm standby) refers to a singe QAM line card protecting more than one line card. Therefore, a single QAM line card can protect a maximum of nine other QAM line cards. 1:1 redundancy refers to a configuration where each line card has a dedicated backup line card in case of failure (hot standby).
Note After a line card switchover, the RF output from the secondary line card in slot 11 or 12 replaces the output from the failed primary line card. Due to the difference in the RF path of the primary and secondary line cards, and the inevitable uncertainty in the measurement of the line card in the calibration processes, a switchover may result with a nominal RF power delta of up to 3 dB at the chassis output. The system will automatically attempt to minimize this power change by adjusting RF power on the secondary line card.
The RF power delta will be minimized when the primary line card is not operated at maximum RF power.
This section describes how to configure 1:1 and 1:N line card redundancy in the Cisco RFGW-10 UEQAM:
This section describes how to configure the Primary and Secondary QAM line cards for 1:1 and 1:N redundancy schemes.
The prerequisites for adding a secondary line card are:
Note The Cisco RFGW-10 DS-48 line card cannot be the standby card for the Cisco RFGW-10 DS-48-1G card.
The following example assigns member slots 7 and 12 as Primary and Secondary line cards respectively in the redundancy line card group 2 in the Cisco RFGW-10 UEQAM:
To display the redundancy status and other related information of a line card or a line card group, use the following command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode:
The following is a sample output of the show running-config command displaying the redundancy for line card group 2:
The following is sample output for redundancy of line card group 2:
The following is sample output for redundancy of line card in slot 3:
The following is sample output for redundancy of all line cards:
At any given point in time, a 1:N Secondary Standby does not have a unique My State value. It has N values of My State with each value corresponding to one of the N primaries that it is protecting. Because all N My State values cannot be displayed simultaneously on the console for a 1:N Secondary Standby line card, a hyphen (-) is displayed instead. The My state for the 1:N Secondary Standby corresponding to a specific Primary it protects is indicated by that Primary line card’s Peer State.
In the example, line card 12 (the 1:N Secondary Standby) is in Standby Warm state for all the three Primary line cards it protects. This is the steady state of this 1:N LCRED configuration. Before it reaches steady-state, the CLI display for the above command resembles the following sample output:
In the previous sample output, the state of the Secondary Standby line card 12 is Standby Warm for Primary line card 3, Init for Primary line card 5, and Standby Cold for Primary line card 7.
These are legal transient states for a 1:N Secondary Standby line card.
To initiate a line card switchover, use the following command in privileged EXEC mode:
If the standby line card is ready to switchover, then this command will cause a switch over from the active line card specified in the command to the current standby line card.
As this is a user-initiated switchover, the revertive timer is not triggered.
On the Cisco RFGW-10 UEQAM, a Secondary line card is hosted only in specific slots. In a 1:N redundancy group, if a Primary active line card fails, the Secondary standby line card in that slot becomes active. After the failed Primary line card is repaired and becomes Standby Hot, a revertive timer is started. When a timeout occurs, the Primary line card becomes active and the Secondary line card reverts to standby to protect the N Primary line cards. The revertive switchover occurs even during the online insertion and removal (OIR) of the Primary line card.
For 1:N redundancy, until revertive switchover occurs, the Secondary line card protects only the affected Primary line card and the other Primary line cards are not protected.
The Revertive Switchover is enabled by default for a redundancy group having class 1:N.
It is important to distinguish between the revertive feature being enabled for a group and the revertive timer being turned on. The revertive timer can be off even when the revertive feature is enabled.
When the repaired or re-inserted Primary line card transitions to the Standby Hot state, the revertive timer is started. When the revertive timer times out, the Primary line card is active and the Secondary card is reset so that it becomes the standby to protect the N Primary line cards in the redundancy group.
The revertive timer for a redundancy group is not triggered when the switchover is user-initiated using the redundancy linecard-group switchover from slot slot command. The revertive feature gets disabled when a user initiates a switchover.
The default value of the Revertive Timer is 300 seconds, but you can specify the value using the following command:
In addition to this, if the revertive feature for a redundancy group has been disabled previously by the no revertive command, the above command will automatically enable the revertive feature for this redundancy group. The revertive feature is disabled by default for a redundancy group having class 1:1.
You can use the revertive feature for multiple Primary line card failures in a 1:N redundancy group. When the repaired or re-inserted Primary is Standby Hot, the revertive timer is triggered. When another Primary line card in that redundancy group fails, the timer is turned off to cause an immediate switchover so that the Secondary line card can take over for the other failed Primary line card.
The Virtual Interface model for 1:N redundancy establishes the relationship between the physical interfaces (both primary and secondary) and the virtual interfaces. In a 1:N redundancy group, every Primary physical interface has only one virtual interface corresponding to it, whereas a Secondary physical interface corresponds to N virtual interfaces.
For line cards configured as part of a redundancy group, all the configurations are associated with the virtual interface rather than with the physical interface.
The virtual interface has the same slot, port, and channel as the corresponding Primary physical interface. The name of the virtual interface is derived by adding a “-red” suffix to the name of the corresponding Primary physical interface.
For example, if the Primary physical interface is named “Qam5/1,” the corresponding virtual interface is named “Qam-red5/1.”
For two line cards (in slots 3 and 11) that are not part of a redundancy group, the output of the show running-config command will display the physical interfaces of both the line cards as:
When the line card in slot 3 is added as a Primary member and the line card in slot 11 is added as a Secondary member of a redundancy group, the output of the show running-config command will display the virtual interfaces (with a “-red” suffix) for this redundancy group as:
Note The Primary and Secondary physical interfaces (Qam3/1, Qam11/1, and their subinterfaces) will not be shown in the redundancy configuration.
Even after a switchover from slot 3 to slot 11, the same virtual interfaces (having the slot, port, and channel as the Primary physical interface) are displayed by the show running-config command. Subsequently, if a revertive switchover occurs and slot 3 becomes active again, the same virtual interfaces will be displayed for this group. Hence, all the configurations are associated with the virtual interface.
The physical and virtual interface-related information can also be obtained from the output of the show ip interface brief command.
This section describes how to deconfigure Primary QAM line cards.
4. linecard-group linecard-groupId internal-switch
This section describes how to deconfigure Secondary QAM line cards.
4. linecard-group linecard-groupId internal-switch
The following sections provide references related to the 1:1 and 1:N Line Card Redundancy feature.
|
|
---|---|
Cisco RF Gateway 10 Command Reference http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/cable/rf_gateway/command/reference/RFGW-10_Book.html |
|
Cisco RF Gateway 10 Software Feature and Configuration Guide http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/cable/rf_gateway/feature/guide/rfgw_scg.html |
|
|
---|---|
No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature. |
|
|
---|---|
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: |
|
|
---|---|
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been modified by this feature. |
The following commands are introduced or modified in the feature or features documented in this module. For information about these commands, see the Cisco RF Gateway 10 Command Reference at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/cable/rf_gateway/command/reference/RFGW-10_Book.html. For information about all Cisco IOS commands, use the Command Lookup Tool at http://tools.cisco.com/Support/CLILookup or the Cisco IOS Master Command List, All Releases, at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/mcl/allreleasemcl/all_book.html.
Table 2 lists the release history for this feature.
Not all commands may be available in your Cisco IOS software release. For release information about a specific command, see the command reference documentation.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and software image support. Cisco Feature Navigator enables you to determine which Cisco IOS, Catalyst OS, and Cisco IOS XE software images support a specific software release, feature set, or platform. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Note Table 2 lists only the Cisco IOS software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given Cisco IOS software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that Cisco IOS software release train also support that feature.
NVRAM—Nonvolatile Random Access Memory
OIR—Online Insertion and Removal
UEQAM—Universal Edge Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. A network element, which receives MPEG-TS frames over a network interface such as Ethernet, and modulates them onto QAM carriers for use on an HFC plant.