本檔案介紹如何對適用於Cisco IOS® XE的技術上的第2層VPN虛擬私人LAN服務(VPLS)進行疑難排解。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
本檔案中的資訊是根據Cisco IOS XE軟體。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
VPLS拓撲在會話意外終止後,VPLS交叉連線處於關閉狀態。
PE2#show xconnect all
Legend: XC ST=Xconnect State S1=Segment1 State S2=Segment2 State
UP=Up DN=Down AD=Admin Down IA=Inactive
SB=Standby HS=Hot Standby RV=Recovering NH=No Hardware
XC ST Segment 1 S1 Segment 2 S2
------+---------------------------------+--+---------------------------------+--
DN pri vfi 100 UP mpls 203.0.113.10:100 DN
UP pri ac Vl100:100(Eth VLAN) UP vfi 100 UP
UP pri bd 100 UP vfi 100 UP
步驟1.確認準確的VC/VPLS狀態。
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.10, VC ID: 100, VC status: down
Last error: Local access circuit is not ready for label advertise << The local device is unable to advertise labels because the access circuit (AC) is not in a ready state.
Output interface: none, imposed label stack {} << no MPLS labels are being imposed because no path exists.
Preferred path: not configured << No explicit traffic engineering path is configured for this pseudowire.
Default path: no route << No route to the remote PE (203.0.113.10) exists in the routing table.
No adjacency
Create time: 10:50:35, last status change time: 00:17:39
Last label FSM state change time: 00:17:33
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer x.x.x.x:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.20(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.10, LDP is DOWN, no binding
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/None (no remote binding
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : local ready, LruRnd
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: DOWN(hard-down) << The local device is advertising the access circuit as hard-down to the remote PE.
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: None (no remote binding) << No status has been received from the remote PE.
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: None (no remote binding) << No adjacency status received from the remote peer.
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote unassigned
Group ID: local n/a, remote unknown
MTU: local 1500, remote unknown
Remote interface description:
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.10/100, local label: 16
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 0/8194 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 0, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 0, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
VPLS交叉連線(VC ID 100)已轉換為關閉狀態。根本原因歸結於所述情況:
1.沒有通往遠端PE的路由 — 路由器在路由表中沒有通往203.0.113.10的路由(預設路徑:無路由)。 如果沒有有效路由,則無法建立MPLS標籤交換路徑(LSP)。
2.目標LDP會話關閉 — 未建立從203.0.113.20到203.0.113.10的目標LDP會話。這可以防止PE路由器之間交換偽線標籤。
3.沒有遠端標籤繫結 — 因為目標LDP會話關閉,所以沒有為VC 100分配遠端標籤。沒有本地和遠端標籤,偽線無法轉發流量。
4.無鄰接關係 — 如果沒有有效的路由和LDP會話,則不存在通向遠端PE的MPLS鄰接關係。
步驟2.檢查本地連線電路。
在VC關閉的PE上:
PE2#show interfaces vlan 100 | include up|errors
Vlan100 is up, line protocol is up , Autostate Disabled
Keepalive not supported
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 output errors, 1 interface resets
PE2#show running-config interface vlan 100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 72 bytes
!
interface Vlan100
no ip address
no autostate
xconnect vfi 100
end
步驟3.檢驗VFI配置。
PE2#show running-config | section l2 vfi
l2 vfi 100 manual
vpn id 100
neighbor 203.0.113.10 pw-class VPLS_100
PE2#show l2vpn vfi
Legend: RT=Route-target, S=Split-horizon, Y=Yes, N=No
VFI name: 100, state: up, type: multipoint, signaling: LDP
VPN ID: 100
Bridge-Domain 100 attachment circuits:
Vlan100
Pseudo-port interface: pseudowire100001
Interface Peer Address VC ID S
pseudowire100002 203.0.113.10 100 Y
1. VFI運行正常 — 本地VFI例項處於活動狀態,準備轉發流量。
2.連線電路已繫結 — Vlan100與網橋域100和VFI正確關聯。
3.配置了偽線 — 使用VC ID 100在203.0.113.10上向遠端PE定義偽線(偽線100002)。
4.啟用水準分割 — 這是在VPLS多點環境中防止第2層環路時預期的行為。
步驟4.檢驗PE環回可達性:
PE2#ping 203.0.113.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 203.0.113.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
PE2#show ip route 203.0.113.10
Routing entry for 203.0.113.10/32
Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 2, type intra area
Last update from 192.0.2.9 on TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3, 00:01:30 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 192.0.2.9, from 198.51.100.2, 00:01:30 ago, via TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3
Route metric is 2, traffic share count is 1
PE2#ping mpls ipv4 203.0.113.10/32 source 203.0.113.20
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.10/32,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
Total Time Elapsed 8 ms
即使MPLS LSP中斷,標準ping也可能成功,因為:
·如果目的地可直接透過IP連線,則ICMP封包可以是IP路由(非標籤交換)。
·如果沒有強加標籤,傳輸路由器可以使用IP查詢轉發ICMP資料包。
反之,ping mpls ipv4會強制封包通過標籤交換路徑,以驗證實際的MPLS資料平面。這可確保:
·標籤被正確分配和分發。
·每跳的LFIB條目都是一致的。
· LSP端到端路徑工作正常。
步驟5.驗證核心層中的MPLS和LDP:
PE2#show mpls ldp neighbor
Peer LDP Ident: 203.0.113.10:0; Local LDP Ident 203.0.113.20:0
TCP connection: 203.0.113.10.646 - 203.0.113.20.39001
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 16/15; Downstream
Up time: 00:02:15
LDP discovery sources:
TwentyFiveGigE1/0/3, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.9
Targeted Hello 203.0.113.20 -> 203.0.113.10, active, passive
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
203.0.113.10 192.0.2.6 192.0.2.9
此命令顯示本地路由器(PE2)和遠端對等體之間的LDP鄰居會話資訊。輸出中的每個欄位都進行了詳細介紹。
第5.1步檢驗到遠端VPLS對等體的MPLS標籤交換路徑
PE2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
25 Pop Label 203.0.113.10/32 0 Twe1/0/3 192.0.2.9
PE2#show mpls ldp bindings 203.0.113.10 32
lib entry: 203.0.113.10/32, rev 69
local binding: label: 25
remote binding: lsr: 203.0.113.10:0, label: imp-null
PE2直接從PE1接收imp-null,繞過通過P2和P1的預期標籤路徑。這表明PE2和P2之間缺少LDP會話或MPLS配置問題。
步驟5.2通過執行提供的命令驗證下一跳資訊:
P2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
None No Label 203.0.113.10/32 0
P2#show mpls ldp neighbor
Peer LDP Ident: 203.0.113.20:0; Local LDP Ident 198.51.100.2:0
TCP connection: 203.0.113.20.17326 - 198.51.100.2.646
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 30/29; Downstream
Up time: 00:13:57
LDP discovery sources:
GigabitEthernet0/0/1, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.10
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
203.0.113.20 192.0.2.10
Peer LDP Ident: 198.51.100.1:0; Local LDP Ident 198.51.100.2:0
TCP connection: 198.51.100.1.646 - 198.51.100.2.12799
State: Oper; Msgs sent/rcvd: 30/28; Downstream
Up time: 00:13:56
LDP discovery sources:
GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Src IP addr: 192.0.2.5
Addresses bound to peer LDP Ident:
192.0.2.2 192.0.2.5 198.51.100.1
P2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
198.51.100.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 192.0.2.10 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
198.51.100.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 192.0.2.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
步驟6.檢驗到遠端PE環回地址的路由:
P2#show ip route 203.0.113.10
Routing entry for 203.0.113.10/32
Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* directly connected, via Loopback10
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
步驟1.確認偽線處於工作狀態。
確保引數正確:
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc
Local intf Local circuit Dest address VC ID Status
------------- -------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
VFI 100 vfi 203.0.113.10 100 UP
PE2#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.10, VC ID: 100, VC status: up
Output interface: Twe1/0/3, imposed label stack {17 16}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.0.2.9
Create time: 1d11h, last status change time: 00:30:50
Last label FSM state change time: 00:30:26
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 203.0.113.10:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.20(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.10, LDP is UP
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/supported
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : established, LruRru
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: No fault
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: No fault
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: No fault
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote 16
Group ID: local n/a, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
MAC Withdraw: sent:1, received:0
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.10/100, local label: 16
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 16395/8194 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 0, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 0, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
步驟2.檢驗連線電路(中繼介面)狀態。
確認TRUNK介面工作正常且與正確的VLAN關聯。
驗證:
PE2#show interfaces twentyFiveGigE 1/0/2 status
Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Twe1/0/2 connected trunk full 10G SFP-10GBase-SR
PE2#show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Twe1/0/2 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Twe1/0/2 100
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Twe1/0/2 100
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Twe1/0/2 100
步驟3.檢驗VLAN與網橋域的關聯。
在具有TRUNK配置的Catalyst 9000上(無EVC),vlan必須對映到網橋域。
確認:
PE2#show running-config interface vlan100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 72 bytes
!
interface Vlan100
no ip address
xconnect vfi 100
步驟4.檢驗MAC地址學習情況。
確認正在從本地連線電路和遠端偽線獲取MAC地址。
驗證:
如果在偽線路上未獲知任何MAC地址:
如果在本地中繼上未獲知任何MAC地址:
PE2#show mac address-table vlan 100
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
100 cc7f.76b7.525f STATIC Vl100
100 e462.c4bb.17f1 DYNAMIC Twe1/0/2 >> CE2 Mac address learned over Twe1/0/2 interface.
步驟5.驗證跨距樹狀目錄通訊協定(STP)狀態。
STP可以阻止中繼介面上的VLAN,從而阻止流量進入橋接域。
驗證:
·對於VPLS網橋域關聯的VLAN,中繼埠處於轉發狀態
·埠未處於阻塞、偵聽或學習狀態
如果STP阻塞埠:
·調整STP優先順序或埠成本
·考慮將中繼埠配置為STP邊緣埠(如果適用於拓撲)
PE2#show spanning-tree vlan 100
VLAN0100
Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp
Root ID Priority 32868
Address cc7f.76b7.51c0
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32868 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 100)
Address cc7f.76b7.51c0
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Twe1/0/2 Desg FWD 2000 128.2 P2p
步驟6.檢驗MPLS標籤堆疊和轉發路徑。
確認所施加的標籤正確無誤,並且轉發路徑有效。
驗證:
從PE2到P2 LSP路徑:
PE2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
22 17 203.0.113.10/32 810 Twe1/0/3 192.0.2.9 << For the transport path to the remote PE1 loopback, the imposed outgoing label is 17. The router at 192.0.2.9 assigned this value as its local label binding for the destination prefix.
從P2到P1 LSP路徑:
P2#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
17 16 203.0.113.10/32 79290 Gi0/0/0 192.0.2.5 << Local label as 17 and the imposed outgoing label is 16. The router at 192.0.2.5 assigned this value as its local label binding for the destination prefix.
從P1到PE1 LSP路徑:
P1#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
16 Pop Label 203.0.113.10/32 76184 Gi0/0/0 192.0.2.1 << Pop Label is performed before forwarding the packet to the next hop. This confirms that the next hop (PE1) advertised implicit null to P1.
從P1到PE1 LSP路徑:
PE1#show mpls forwarding-table 203.0.113.10 32
Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes Label Outgoing Next Hop
Label Label or Tunnel Id Switched interface
None No Label 203.0.113.10/32 0
標籤路徑確認:
基於此輸出以及PE2和P2之前的輸出,從PE2到PE1的完整標籤交換路徑為:
[PE2] Packet leaves with label stack: | 17 | (transport label)
↓
[P2] Receives label 17, swaps to 16: | 16 | (transport label)
↓
[P1] Receives label 16, pops label: | IP | (pure IP packet)
↓
[PE1] Receives pure IP packet - local delivery
當VPLS流量通過此LSP時,資料包將攜帶雙標籤堆疊(傳輸:VC標籤)
[PE2] Packet leaves with label stack: | 17 | 16 | (transport + VC label)
↓
[P2] Receives label 17, swaps to 16: | 16 | 16 | (transport + VC label)
↓
[P1] Receives label 16, pops label: | 16 | (VC label only)
↓
[PE1] Receives VC label 16 - pseudowire disposition into bridge domain
從PE2到PE1的MPLS傳輸LSP已完全運行並在路徑中的所有路由器上正確程式設計。VPLS偽線信令完成,本地和遠端標籤都交換,並且未報告故障。
但是,儘管控制平面已完全建立,但不會通過偽線轉發任何使用者流量。這確認問題位於MPLS核心和偽線信令之外,特別是在一台或兩台PE路由器上的連線電路層
步驟1.確認準確的VC/VPLS狀態。
確保引數正確:
PE1#show mpls l2transport vc
Local intf Local circuit Dest address VC ID Status
------------- -------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
VFI 100 vfi 203.0.113.20 100 UP
PE1#show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail
Local interface: VFI 100 vfi up
Interworking type is Ethernet
Destination address: 203.0.113.20, VC ID: 100, VC status: up
Output interface: Te0/0/4, imposed label stack {19 16}
Preferred path: not configured
Default path: active
Next hop: 192.0.2.2
Create time: 1d09h, last status change time: 08:38:02
Last label FSM state change time: 08:38:25
Signaling protocol: LDP, peer 203.0.113.20:0 up
Targeted Hello: 203.0.113.10(LDP Id) -> 203.0.113.20, LDP is UP
Graceful restart: not configured and not enabled
Non stop routing: not configured and not enabled
Status TLV support (local/remote) : enabled/supported
LDP route watch : enabled
Label/status state machine : established, LruRru
Last local dataplane status rcvd: No fault
Last BFD dataplane status rcvd: Not sent
Last BFD peer monitor status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status rcvd: No fault
Last local AC circuit status sent: No fault
Last local PW i/f circ status rcvd: No fault
Last local LDP TLV status sent: No fault
Last remote LDP TLV status rcvd: No fault
Last remote LDP ADJ status rcvd: No fault
MPLS VC labels: local 16, remote 16
Group ID: local n/a, remote 0
MTU: local 1500, remote 1500
Remote interface description:
MAC Withdraw: sent:0, received:1
Sequencing: receive disabled, send disabled
Control Word: On (configured: autosense)
SSO Descriptor: 203.0.113.20/100, local label: 20
Dataplane:
SSM segment/switch IDs: 8199/4097 (used), PWID: 1
VC statistics:
transit packet totals: receive 336, send 0
transit byte totals: receive 27552, send 0
transit packet drops: receive 0, seq error 0, send 0
接收的傳輸位元組 | 27,552 |從PE2已收到27,552位元組。
傳輸已傳送的資料包 | 0 |沒有資料包從PE1傳送到指向PE2的偽線。
傳送的傳輸位元組數| 0 |未向PE2傳送任何位元組。
步驟2.檢驗網橋域配置和成員資格。
確認網橋域具有正確的成員(服務例項介面和偽線)。
PE1#show running-config interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 174 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
no ip address
service instance 100 ethernet
encapsulation dot1q 100
rewrite ingress tag pop 1 symmetric
bridge-domain 100
!
end
PE1#show interfaces tenGigabitEthernet 0/0/5 | include up|errors
TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 is up, line protocol is up
Keepalive not supported
Full Duplex, 10000Mbps, link type is force-up, media type is H10GB-CU1M
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets
步驟3.檢驗MAC地址學習情況。
確認正在從本地連線電路和遠端偽線獲取MAC地址。
PE1#show bridge-domain
Bridge-domain 100 (2 ports in all)
State: UP Mac learning: Enabled
Aging-Timer: 300 second(s)
Unknown Unicast Flooding Suppression: Disabled
Maximum address limit: 65536
TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 service instance 100
vfi 100 neighbor 203.0.113.20 100
AED MAC address Policy Tag Age Pseudoport
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
網橋域本身已啟動,但缺少學習的MAC地址是關鍵細節。這通常表示尚未獲知流量,或者本地介面、網橋域和遠端VFI之間的服務對映/轉發問題。
步驟4.檢驗VFI配置:
PE1#show running-config | section vfi
l2 vfi 100 manual
vpn id 100
bridge-domain 100
neighbor 203.0.113.20 encapsulation mpls
步驟5.檢驗MPLS傳輸路徑。
通過向遠端環回地址傳送MPLS跟蹤路由執行快速驗證。
PE1#traceroute mpls ipv4 203.0.113.20 255.255.255.255 source 203.0.113.10
Tracing MPLS Label Switched Path to 203.0.113.20/32, timeout is 2 seconds
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
0 192.0.2.1 MRU 1500 [Labels: 17 Exp: 0]
L 1 192.0.2.2 MRU 1500 [Labels: 16 Exp: 0] 96 ms
L 2 192.0.2.6 MRU 1500 [Labels: implicit-null Exp: 0] 12 ms
! 3 192.0.2.10 2 ms
MPLS traceroute輸出確認源PE路由器(203.0.113.10)和目的PE路由器(203.0.113.20)之間已成功建立標籤交換路徑(LSP)。
追蹤軌跡顯示入口PE處的標籤實施、跨傳輸標籤交換路由器(LSR)的標籤交換操作,以及到達出口PE之前的倒數第二跳彈出操作(PHP)。
具體為:
traceroute不報告任何MPLS轉發異常,例如缺少標籤繫結、FEC不匹配、過早終止LSP或不受支援的標籤操作。
PE1
Push 17
↓
P1
Swap 17 → 16
↓
P2
Pop label
↓
PE2 receives pure IP packet
步驟6.驗證偽線資料平面。
PE1#ping mpls pseudowire 203.0.113.20 100 source 203.0.113.10
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.20,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
Total Time Elapsed 6 ms
PE2#ping mpls pseudowire 203.0.113.10 100 source 203.0.113.20
Sending 5, 72-byte MPLS Echos to 203.0.113.10,
timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:
Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no label entry,
'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
'l' - Label switched with FEC change, 'd' - see DDMAP for return code,
'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0
Type escape sequence to abort.
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
Total Time Elapsed 9 ms
通過ping mpls偽線測試成功驗證了MPLS偽線資料平面。由於偽線ping成功且橋接域通過VPLS獲知遠端MAC,因此問題更可能出現在本地連線電路或VLAN轉發路徑上,其中沒有獲知預期的本地MAC地址。
成功的MPLS偽線ping確認MPLS傳輸LSP和偽線標籤繫結在本地和遠端PE路由器之間是可操作的。結果表明,MPLS轉發、標籤分發和偽線信令功能正常,遠端PE能夠處理指定VC的偽線OAM資料包。
基於此結果,MPLS核心和偽線基礎設施看起來可操作。如果流量問題持續存在,進一步調查可以側重於連線電路、VPLS轉發行為、MAC學習、MTU一致性和面向CE的連線,而不是基礎MPLS傳輸路徑。
| 修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
07-Jul-2026
|
初始版本 |