Mediatrace曾经隔离网络损伤
目录
简介
本文描述如何使用Mediatrace功能迅速隔离网络损伤，例如包丢失和抖动，影响语音和视频质量。
先决条件
要求
本文档没有任何特定的要求。
使用的组件
本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：
- 在Cisco集成服务路由器(ISR)和ISRG2平台的Mediatrace功能- Cisco IOS版本15.1(3)T或以上
- 在Cisco的Mediatrace功能3750平台- Cisco IOS版本12.2(58)SE或以上
- 在思科网真EX90的Mediatrace功能- Cisco网真软件版本TE 6.0或以上
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
规则
有关文档规则的详细信息，请参阅 Cisco 技术提示规则。
网络拓扑
在本例中，体验的视频呼叫的配置在两个EX90终端之间的包丢失解释。网络拓扑显示此处：
配置
配置Mediatrace发起者和响应方的进程非常简单。参考配置的这些示例。
中央印制厂SW
interface Vlan201
ip address 10.2.3.70 255.255.255.0
ip rsvp snooping
mediatrace responder
mediatrace initiator source-ip 10.2.3.70 max-sessions 100
中央印制厂WAN
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
description "CE router connected to MPLS PE router"
ip address 10.16.1.2 255.255.255.252
ip rsvp source address 10.2.3.65
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
description "Connected to Central-SW"
ip address 10.2.3.65 255.255.255.0
mediatrace responder
mediatrace initiator source-ip 10.2.3.65 max-sessions 100
BR-WAN
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
description "CE router connected to MPLS PE router"
ip address 10.16.2.2 255.255.255.252 ip rsvp source address 10.2.4.65
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
description "Connected to BR3-SW"
ip address 10.2.4.65 255.255.255.0
mediatrace responder
mediatrace initiator source-ip 10.2.4.65 max-sessions 100
BR-SW
interface Vlan202
ip address 10.2.4.70 255.255.255.0
ip rsvp snooping
mediatrace responder
mediatrace initiator source-ip 10.2.4.70 max-sessions 100
故障排除方法
思科建议您启用在所有可适用的节点的Mediatrace在企业网络。普通的交换和路由选择平台支持它例如3750和ISR-G2。
步骤 1
确定音频或视频路由表协议(RTP)数据流的源和目的地IP地址/端口编号利益。
EX90xstatus MediaChannels
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Encryption Status: Off
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Audio Protocol: AACLD
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Audio Mute: False
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Audio Channels: 1
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTP Local IpAddress:
"10.2.3.41"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTP Local Port: 16454
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTP Remote IpAddress:
"10.2.4.5"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTP Remote Port: 16444
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTCP Local IpAddress:
"10.2.3.41"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTCP Local Port: 16455
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTCP Remote IpAddress:
"10.2.4.5"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingAudioChannel 115 Transport RTCP Remote Port: 16445
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Encryption Status: Off
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 ChannelRole: Main
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Video Protocol: H264
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Video FrameRate: 30
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Video ResolutionX: 640
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Video ResolutionY: 360
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTP Local IpAddress:
"10.2.3.41"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTP Local Port: 16456
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTP Remote IpAddress:
"10.2.4.5"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTP Remote Port: 16446
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTCP Local IpAddress:
"10.2.3.41"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTCP Local Port: 16457
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTCP Remote IpAddress:
"10.2.4.5"
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 118 Transport RTCP Remote Port: 16447
*s MediaChannels Call 9 IncomingVideoChannel 121 Encryption Status: Off
步骤 2
识别起源终端连接的交换机。此交换机可以识别与思科设备发现协议(CDP)显示命令。
EX90xstatus Network
*s Network 1 Ethernet MacAddress: "FF:FF:FF:70:E6:B6"
*s Network 1 Ethernet Speed: 100full
*s Network 1 IPv4 Address: "10.2.3.41"
*s Network 1 IPv4 SubnetMask: "255.255.255.0"
*s Network 1 IPv4 Gateway: "10.2.3.65"
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Domain Name: ""
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Server 1 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Server 2 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Server 3 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Server 4 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv4 DNS Server 5 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv6 Address: ""
*s Network 1 IPv6 Gateway: ""
*s Network 1 MTU: 1500
*s Network 1 VLAN Voice VlanId: "201"
*s Network 1 VLAN Native VlanId: "202"
*s Network 1 CDP Platform: "cisco WS-C3750V2-24TS"
*s Network 1 CDP Version: "Cisco IOS Software, C3750 Software
(C3750-IPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.2(58)SE2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
*Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport*Copyright (c)
1986-2011 by Cisco Systems, Inc.*Compiled Thu 21-Jul-11 01:53 by
prod_rel_team"
*s Network 1 CDP Capabilities: "0x0028"
*s Network 1 CDP DeviceID: "Central-SW"
*s Network 1 CDP PortID: "FastEthernet1/0/23"
*s Network 1 CDP Duplex: "Full"
*s Network 1 CDP VTPMgmtDomain: ""
*s Network 1 CDP Address: "10.2.3.70"
*s Network 1 CDP PrimaryMgmtAddress: "10.2.3.70"
*s Network 1 CDP SysName: ""
*s Network 1 CDP SysObjectID: ""
*s Network 1 CDP VoIPApplianceVlanID: "201"
** end
步骤 3
登陆到首跳交换机并且配置流指定成分独特识别RTP数据流。此流指定成分用于mediatrace投票命令。
mediatrace flow-specifier RTP
source-ip 10.2.3.41 source-port 16456
dest-ip 10.2.4.5 dest-port 16446
步骤 4
输入mediatrace投票命令。
- 来源值-起源UC终端的IP地址
- 目的地值- IP地址的位置UC终端
- 流指定成分-包含4个值元组识别RTP数据流流指定成分的名称
#mediatrace poll path-specifier source 10.2.3.41 destination 10.2.4.5
perf-monitor flow-specifier RTP
Started the data fetch operation.
Waiting for data from hops.
This may take several seconds to complete...
Data received for hop 1
Data received for hop 2
Data received for hop 3
Data received for hop 4
Data fetch complete.
Results:
Data Collection Summary:
Request Timestamp: 11:00:54.302 EST Sun Mar 10 2013
Request Status: Completed
Number of hops responded (includes success/error/no-record): 4
Number of hops with valid data report: 4
Number of hops with error report: 0
Number of hops with no data record: 0
Detailed Report of collected data:
Number of Mediatrace hops in the path: 4
Mediatrace Hop Number: 1 (host=Central-Wan, ttl=254)
Metrics Collection Status: Success
Reachability Address: 10.2.3.65
Ingress Interface: Gi0/1
Egress Interface: Gi0/0
Metrics Collected:
Flow Sampling Start Timestamp: 10:26:48
Loss of measurement confidence: FALSE
Media Stop Event Occurred: FALSE
IP Packet Drop Count (pkts): 0
IP Byte Count (Bytes): 191965
IP Packet Count (pkts): 402
IP Byte Rate (Bps): 15996
Packet Drop Reason: 64
IP DSCP: 32
IP TTL: 63
IP Protocol: 0
Media Byte Rate Average (Bps): 15058
Media Byte Count (Bytes): 180709
Media Packet Count (pkts): 402
RTP Interarrival Jitter Average (usec): 155
RTP Packets Lost (pkts): 0
RTP Packets Expected (pkts): 397
RTP Packet Lost Event Count: 0
RTP Loss Percent (%): 0.00
Mediatrace Hop Number: 2 (host=BR-Wan, ttl=251)
Metrics Collection Status: Success
Reachability Address: 10.16.2.2
Ingress Interface: Gi0/0
Egress Interface: Gi0/1
Metrics Collected:
Flow Sampling Start Timestamp: 09:58:40
Loss of measurement confidence: FALSE
Media Stop Event Occurred: FALSE
IP Packet Drop Count (pkts): 0
IP Byte Count (Bytes): 331523
IP Packet Count (pkts): 694
IP Byte Rate (Bps): 16576
Packet Drop Reason: 64
IP DSCP: 32
IP TTL: 60
IP Protocol: 0
Media Byte Rate Average (Bps): 15604
Media Byte Count (Bytes): 312091
Media Packet Count (pkts): 694
RTP Interarrival Jitter Average (usec): 1648
RTP Packets Lost (pkts): 14
RTP Packets Expected (pkts): 708
RTP Packet Lost Event Count: 13
RTP Loss Percent (%): 1.97
Mediatrace Hop Number: 3 (host=BR-SW, ttl=251)
Metrics Collection Status: Success
Reachability Address: 10.2.4.70
Ingress Interface: Fa1/0/22
Egress Interface: Fa1/0/24
Metrics Collected:
Flow Sampling Start Timestamp: 22:50:37
Loss of measurement confidence: FALSE
Media Stop Event Occurred: FALSE
IP Packet Drop Count (pkts): 0
IP Byte Count (Bytes): 505526
IP Packet Count (pkts): 1059
IP Byte Rate (Bps): 16850
Packet Drop Reason: 0
IP DSCP: 32
IP TTL: 60
IP Protocol: 17
Media Byte Rate Average (Bps): 16144
Media Byte Count (Bytes): 484346
Media Packet Count (pkts): 1059
RTP Interarrival Jitter Average (usec): 1511
RTP Packets Lost (pkts): 22
RTP Packets Expected (pkts): 1075
RTP Packet Lost Event Count: 21
RTP Loss Percent (%): 2.04
Mediatrace Hop Number: 4 (host=BR-EX90, ttl=251)
Metrics Collection Status: Success
Reachability Address: 10.2.4.5
Ingress Interface: eth0
Egress Interface: None
Metrics Collected:
Flow Sampling Start Timestamp: 11:02:00
Loss of measurement confidence: FALSE
Media Stop Event Occurred: FALSE
IP Packet Drop Count (pkts): 0
IP Byte Count (Bytes): 0
IP Packet Count (pkts): 0
IP Byte Rate (Bps): 0
Packet Drop Reason: 0
IP DSCP: 0
IP TTL: 0
IP Protocol: 17
Media Byte Rate Average (Bps): 16000
Media Byte Count (Bytes): 478219
Media Packet Count (pkts): 1056
RTP Interarrival Jitter Average (usec): 4953
RTP Packets Lost (pkts): 17
RTP Packets Expected (pkts): 1073
RTP Packet Lost Event Count: 6
RTP Loss Percent (%): 0.04
Central-SW#
数据分析
这些观察可以由mediatrace投票命令输出做：
- RTP流网络路径包含从中央印制厂SW的4个Mediatrace启用的设备：
- 中央印制厂WAN
- BR-WAN
- BR-SW
- BR-EX90
- 包丢失没有被观察在中央印制厂WAN路由器。
- 包丢失被观察在BR-WAN、BR-SW和BR-EX90。
- 结论是包丢失介绍在中央印制厂WAN和BR-WAN之间。
常见问题
造成包丢失的典型要素是：
- 不正确差分服务代码点值。
- 在限制带宽利用率的服务提供商网络内的策略器。
- Layer2错误，例如双工不匹配和控制器错误。
常见问题
Q. Mediatrace用网络管理或监控系统集成？
A. 是，思科头等协作使管理员排除故障与使用的视频呼叫在单个单击的Mediatrace并且显示在图形格式的结果。
Q. 是否需要启用Mediatrace功能的资源预留协议(RSVP) ？
A. 不， Mediatrace使用自动地启用的RSVP-TP，当Mediatrace发起者或响应方配置时。没有需要输入ip rsvp bandwidth命令。
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