本文档介绍在虚拟交换系统 (VSS) 模式下运行的思科 Catalyst 4500 系列交换机的交换机更换步骤。
Cisco 建议您了解以下主题:
本文档中的信息基于WS-C4500X-32和Cisco IOS® 03.05.01版。但是,同样的流程可以应用到带有Supervisor 7引擎(Sup7)的4500机箱。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您使用的是真实网络,请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
首先,识别必须更换的交换机。在本示例中,必须更换活动交换机(交换机 1)。show switch virtual 命令提供活动和待机交换机的信息。
4500X-VSS#show switch virtual
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Active, id = 1
Switch mode : Virtual Switch
Virtual switch domain number : 100
Local switch number : 1
Local switch operational role: Virtual Switch Active
Peer switch number : 2
Peer switch operational role : Virtual Switch Standby
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Standby, id = 2
Switch mode : Virtual Switch
Virtual switch domain number : 100
Local switch number : 2
Local switch operational role: Virtual Switch Standby
Peer switch number : 1
Peer switch operational role : Virtual Switch Active
现在,您了解了分别处于活动(交换机 1)和待机(交换机 2)状态的交换机。 下一步是将控制层责任故障切换到交换机2,以便您为更换交换机1做准备。redundancy force-switchover命令执行所需的操作。
4500X-VSS#redundancy force-switchover
This will reload the active unit and force switchover to standby[confirm]
Preparing for switchover..
*Mar 2 13:38:06.553: %SYS-5-SWITCHOVER: Switchover requested by Exec. Reason:
Stateful Switchover.
<Sun Mar 2 13:38:09 2014> Message from sysmgr: Reason Code:[3] Reset Reason:
Reset/Reload requested by [console]. [Reload command]
在移除出现故障的交换机之前,必须确认系统已完全执行故障切换。要验证冗余状态,请输入 show redundancy 命令。
4500X-VSS#show redundancy
Redundant System Information :
------------------------------
Available system uptime = 1 week, 3 days, 22 hours, 37 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 8
Standby failures = 0
Last switchover reason = user_forced
Hardware Mode = Duplex
Configured Redundancy Mode = Stateful Switchover
Operating Redundancy Mode = Stateful Switchover
Maintenance Mode = Disabled
Communications = Up
Current Processor Information :
------------------------------
Active Location = slot 2/1
Current Software state = ACTIVE
Uptime in current state = 55 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software, Catalyst
4500 L3 Switch Software (cat4500e-UNIVERSAL-M),
Version 03.05.01.E RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 23-Nov-13 00:46 by prod_re
BOOT = bootflash:cat4500e-universal.SPA.03.05.01.E.152-1.E1.bin,1;
Configuration register = 0x2102
Peer Processor Information :
------------------------------
Standby Location = slot 1/1
Current Software state = STANDBY HOT
Uptime in current state = 0 minute
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software,
Catalyst 4500 L3 Switch Software (cat4500e-UNIVERSAL-M),
Version 03.05.01.E RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 23-Nov-13 00:46 by prod_
BOOT = bootflash:cat4500e-universal.SPA.03.05.01.E.152-1.E1.bin,1;
Configuration register = 0x2102
在输出中,当前软件状态 = 热备用表示系统此时已稳定并完全同步。现在,您可以继续物理移除交换机。
此时,即可实物理移除出现故障的交换机。非常重要的是要意识到,如果您的拓扑在删除时不是完全冗余的,您的服务将会受到影响。思科建议您实施多机箱 EtherChannel (MEC),以帮助确保链路保持活动状态。
在备用机箱中,必须使用与此机箱相同的思科 IOS 映像和许可功能集,以便正确加入当前的 VSS 域。本示例涉及版本 03.05.01 的下载和安装,以便与当前的对等交换机匹配。安装后,必须将物理链路连接到所更换交换机的准确位置,然后启动交换机。现在,该交换机应已在线,但配置空白且处于独立状态,因为其尚未配置为 VSS 成员。
您必须设置 VSS 域和交换机编号。
4500X-VSS(config)#switch virtual domain 100
4500X-VSS(config-vs-domain)#switch 1
接下来,必须设置用于 VSL 链路的物理接口和端口通道。
4500X-VSS(config)# interface Port-channel 10
4500X-VSS(config-if)#switchport
4500X-VSS(config-if)#switch virtual link 1
4500X-VSS(config)# int range tenGigabitEthernet 1/1/15-16
4500X-VSS(config-if-range) channel-group 10 mode on
最后,必须将该交换机模式从独立转换为虚拟。执行此配置后,将重新加载该交换机。
4500X-VSS# switch convert mode virtual
当交换机 1 完成重新加载后,它将从 VSL 链路中检测当前活动 VSS 交换机,并自动同步配置。
现在,您的交换机应已在完全冗余的 VSS 中恢复正常。show switch virtual 命令可确保每台交换机均处于正常状态。要确认您是否已恢复到状态切换 (SSO) 或热备用状态,请再次输入 show redundancy 命令。
4500X-VSS#show switch virtual
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Active, id = 2
Switch mode : Virtual Switch
Virtual switch domain number : 100
Local switch number : 2
Local switch operational role: Virtual Switch Active
Peer switch number : 1
Peer switch operational role : Virtual Switch Standby
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Standby, id = 1
Switch mode : Virtual Switch
Virtual switch domain number : 100
Local switch number : 1
Local switch operational role: Virtual Switch Standby
Peer switch number : 2
Peer switch operational role : Virtual Switch Active
4500X-VSS#show redundancy
Redundant System Information :
------------------------------
Available system uptime = 1 week, 4 days, 9 hours, 27 minutes
Switchovers system experienced = 8
Standby failures = 0
Last switchover reason = user_forced
Hardware Mode = Duplex
Configured Redundancy Mode = Stateful Switchover
Operating Redundancy Mode = Stateful Switchover
Maintenance Mode = Disabled
Communications = Up
Current Processor Information :
------------------------------
Active Location = slot 2/1
Current Software state = ACTIVE
Uptime in current state = 1 hours, 3 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software, Catalyst 4500
L3 Switch Software (cat4500e-UNIVERSAL-M), Version
03.05.01.E RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 23-Nov-13 00:46 by prod_re
BOOT = bootflash:cat4500e-universal.SPA.03.05.01.E.152-1.E1.bin,1;
Configuration register = 0x2102
Peer Processor Information :
------------------------------
Standby Location = slot 1/1
Current Software state = STANDBY HOT
Uptime in current state = 1 hours, 3 minutes
Image Version = Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software, Catalyst 4500
L3 Switch Software (cat4500e-UNIVERSAL-M), Version
03.05.01.E RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 23-Nov-13 00:46 by prod_
BOOT = bootflash:cat4500e-universal.SPA.03.05.01.E.152-1.E1.bin,1;
Configuration register = 0x2102
如果在一台或两台交换机完成启动时 VSL 仍保持关闭,则在没有双主检测机制的情况下,您可能陷入双主情形。系统将保持双活动状态,直到检测到对等的管理引擎(通常是在交换机启动后启动 VSL 链路)。 在检测到双活动情形后,其中一个管理引擎将被置于恢复模式,并关闭连接到其所在机箱的所有本地接口。一旦 VSL 链路完全恢复,必须重新加载处于恢复模式的交换机/管理引擎,才能在 VSS 中将其正确地重新转换为备用状态。
要验证 VSL 链路,请输入:
4500X-VSS#show switch virtual link
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Active, id = 2
VSL Status : UP
VSL Uptime : 11 hours, 53 minutes
VSL Control Link : Te2/1/1
VSL Encryption : Configured Mode - Off, Operational Mode - Off
Executing the command on VSS member switch role = VSS Standby, id = 1
VSL Status : UP
VSL Uptime : 11 hours, 53 minutes
VSL Control Link : Te1/1/1
VSL Encryption : Configured Mode - Off, Operational Mode - Off
要使 VSS 在具有 SSO 冗余的情况下运行,该 VSS 必须满足以下条件:
VSS 待机交换机按启动顺序,将虚拟交换机信息从启动配置文件发送到 VSS 活动交换机。
VSS 活动交换机可确保两台交换机中的以下信息完全匹配:
版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
22-Apr-2014 |
初始版本 |