使用环回测试以太网接口
必要时，可使用环回来查找线卡、交换矩阵、网络处理器(NP)、收发器或光传输路径的问题。
环回有两种主要类型：内部和外部。
内部环路可以远程完成，但不能提供太多信息。
必须在站点上执行外部环路，但必须提供最多的信息。
以下示例使用此接口：
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show run int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 ipv4 address 10.100.101.1 255.255.255.0 !
内部环回
这是一项基本测试，无需访问远程站点即可执行。它可以发现CPU、交换矩阵路径、NP和收发器问题，但无法发现光纤或传输问题。
配置环回
这会影响流量
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback internal RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
clear counters
这将清除接口和控制器上的计数器。
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters tenGigE 0/0/1/1 Clear "show interface" counters on this interface [confirm]
Ping本地IP
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
检查接口计数器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 3
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (External),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:02:40
5 minute input rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
10003 packets input, 15140657 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10003 packets output, 15140657 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
检查控制器计数器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140657
Input good bytes = 15140657
Input total packets = 10003
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10003
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 3
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140657
Output good bytes = 15140657
Output total packets = 10003
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10003
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 3
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
外部环回
此测试验证线卡中央处理器(CPU)、交换矩阵路径、NP、收发器和光纤。
此测试需要一段光纤电缆，以物理方式将传输(Tx)信号环路到接收(Rx)端口。
配置环回
这会影响流量
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# interface tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback external RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
clear counters
这将清除接口和控制器上的计数器。
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters Clear "show interface" counters on all interfaces [confirm]
Ping本地IP
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
检查接口计数器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 7
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (Internal),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:00:32
5 minute input rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
10001 packets input, 15140219 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10001 packets output, 15140219 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
检查控制器计数器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140219
Input good bytes = 15140219
Input total packets = 10001
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10001
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 1
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140219
Output good bytes = 15140219
Output total packets = 10001
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10001
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 1
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
参考
Cisco ASR 9000系列聚合服务路由器接口和硬件组件命令参考，版本4.3.x一章：Cisco ASR 9000系列路由器上的以太网接口命令
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