IPv6 BGP路由反射器配置示例

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已更新: 2012 年 1 月 25 日
文档 ID:113419

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简介

本文档提供使用IPv6的示例配置，帮助您了解边界网关协议(BGP)中的路由反射器(RR)功能。 默认情况下，从iBGP对等体接收的路由不会发送到另一个iBGP对等体，除非在AS内的所有BGP路由器之间形成全网状配置。这会导致可扩展性问题。使用BGP路由反射器可实现更高级别的可扩展性。

配置路由反射器允许路由器向其他iBGP扬声器通告或反映iBGP获知的路由。当使用neighbor route-reflector-client命令和命令点是该RR客户端的邻居配置时，路由器称为路由反射器。

先决条件

要求

尝试进行此配置之前，请确保满足以下要求：

  • 了解 BGP 路由协议及其操作

  • 了解 IPv6 编址方案

使用的组件

本文档不限于特定的软件和硬件版本。

本文档中的配置基于Cisco 3700系列路由器和Cisco IOS®软件版本12.4(15)T1。

规则

有关文档规则的详细信息，请参阅 Cisco 技术提示规则。

配置

在本例中，路由器A配置为RR，而路由器RRClient1和RRClient2是路由器A的客户端。所有路由器都配置为AS 100，但路由器没有全网状配置。相反，它使用BGP RR功能来相互通信。

注意：使用命令查找工具(仅限注册客户)可查找有关本文档中使用的命令的详细信息。

网络图

本文档使用以下网络设置：

ipv6-bgp-rr-01.gif

示例配置

本文档使用以下配置：

Router A 
hostname Router-A
!
ip cef
!
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:11:11:11::11/128
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:12:12:12::1/64
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:13:13:13::1/64
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
router bgp 100
 bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 2011:22:22:22::22 remote-as 100
 neighbor 2011:22:22:22::22 update-source Loopback0
 neighbor 2011:33:33:33::33 remote-as 100
 neighbor 2011:33:33:33::33 update-source Loopback0
 !
 address-family ipv6
  neighbor 2011:22:22:22::22 activate
  neighbor 2011:22:22:22::22 route-reflector-client

!--- Configures the router RRClient1 as route reflector client! 

  neighbor 2011:33:33:33::33 activate
  neighbor 2011:33:33:33::33 route-reflector-client

!--- Configures the router RRClient2 as route reflector client!

 exit-address-family
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ipv6 router ospf 10
 router-id 1.1.1.1

!--- Router ID of the route reflector router A!

 log-adjacency-changes
!
end

RRClient1 
hostname RR-Client1
!
ip cef
!
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:22:22:22::22/128
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
!
interface Loopback10
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 1010:10:10:10::10/128
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:12:12:12::2/64
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
router bgp 100
 bgp router-id 2.2.2.2

!--- Router ID of the RRClient1

 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 remote-as 100
 neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 update-source Loopback0
 !
 address-family ipv6
  neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 activate
  network 1010:10:10:10::10/128
 exit-address-family
!
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ipv6 router ospf 10
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 log-adjacency-changes
!
!
end

RRClient2 
hostname RR-Client2
!
ip cef
!
no ip domain lookup
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
!
interface Loopback0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:33:33:33::33/128
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
!
interface Loopback20
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2020:20:20:20::20/128
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 ipv6 address 2011:13:13:13::2/64
 ipv6 ospf 10 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
router bgp 100
 bgp router-id 3.3.3.3

!--- Router ID of the RRClient2

 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 remote-as 100
 neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 update-source Loopback0
 !
 address-family ipv6
  neighbor 2011:11:11:11::11 activate
  network 2020:20:20:20::20/128
 exit-address-family
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ipv6 router ospf 10
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
!
end

验证

使用本部分可确认配置能否正常运行。

命令输出解释程序（仅限注册用户）(OIT) 支持某些 show 命令。使用 OIT 可查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

以下show命令用于验证配置：

在RR客户端中：

show ipv6 route bgp
在RRClient1中 
RRClient1#sh ipv6 route bgp
IPv6 Routing Table - 9 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
B   2020:20:20:20::20/128 [200/0]
     via 2011:33:33:33::33

!--- The iBGP route from RRClient2 is reflected


RRClient1#ping 2011:33:33:33::33
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2011:33:33:33::33, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/24/32 ms

!--- Ping to the RRClient2 from RRClient1 is successful
在RRClient2中 
RRCLlient2#sh ipv6 route bgp
IPv6 Routing Table - 9 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
B   1010:10:10:10::10/128 [200/0]
     via 2011:22:22:22::22

!--- The iBGP route from RRClient1 is reflected

RRCLlient2#ping 1010:10:10:10::10

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1010:10:10:10::10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/50/76 ms

!--- Ping to the RRClient1 from RRClient2 is successful

在路由器A中：

show bgp ipv6 unicast IPv6 prefix 
RouterA#sh bgp ipv6 unicast 1010:10:10:10::10/128
BGP routing table entry for 1010:10:10:10::10/128, version 3
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Global-IPv6-Table)
  Advertised to update-groups:
        1
  Local, (Received from a RR-client)

!--- Indicates that the route was received from a route-reflector client router RRClient1

    2011:22:22:22::22 (metric 64) from 2011:22:22:22::22 (2.2.2.2)
      Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best

RouterA#show bgp ipv6 unicast 2020:20:20:20::20/128
BGP routing table entry for 2020:20:20:20::20/128, version 2
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Global-IPv6-Table)
  Advertised to update-groups:
        1
  Local, (Received from a RR-client)

!--- Indicates that the route was received from a route-reflector client router RRClient2

    2011:33:33:33::33 (metric 64) from 2011:33:33:33::33 (3.3.3.3)
      Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best

在RR客户端中：

每当反射iBGP路由（即传播到另一个iBGP对等体）时，实施路由反射器的路由器（在本例中为路由器A）会附加2个非传递属性：

  • 呼叫方 ID:

    这是非传递的可选BGP属性。反射的iBGP路由将具有从其接收路由的iBGP对等体的路由器ID作为其发起方ID。在本例中，从RRClient 2到RRClient1的路由2020:20:20:20::20/128由路由器A(RR)反映。因此，此路由将具有RRClient2(路由器ID:3.3.3.3)作为其发起方ID。

  • 集群ID:

    这是非传递的可选BGP属性。如果未配置cluster-id值，则反射的iBGP路由将将RR的路由器ID作为其Cluster-ID。在本例中，路由2020:20:20:20::20/128未配置集群ID，因此路由器ID(路由器ID:路由器A(RR)的1.1.1.1)将是集群ID。

show bgp ipv6 unicast ipv6-prefix
在RRClient1中 
show bgp ipv6 unicast 2020:20:20:20::20/128
BGP routing table entry for 2020:20:20:20::20/128, version 3
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Global-IPv6-Table)
  Not advertised to any peer
  Local
    2011:33:33:33::33 (metric 128) from 2011:11:11:11::11 (1.1.1.1)
      Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best
      Originator: 3.3.3.3, Cluster list: 1.1.1.1

!--- Originator ID 3.3.3.3 is the router id of the RRClient2 from which the route is received!


!--- Similarly, Cluster ID 1.1.1.1 is the router ID of the router reflector Router A!
在RRClient2中 
show bgp ipv6 unicast 1010:10:10:10::10/128
BGP routing table entry for 1010:10:10:10::10/128, version 3
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Global-IPv6-Table)
  Not advertised to any peer
  Local
    2011:22:22:22::22 (metric 128) from 2011:11:11:11::11 (1.1.1.1)
      Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best
      Originator: 2.2.2.2, Cluster list: 1.1.1.1

!--- Originator ID 2.2.2.2 is the router ID of the RRClient1 from which the route is received!


!--- Similarly, Cluster ID 1.1.1.1 is the router ID of the router reflector Router A!

相关信息

修订历史记录

版本 发布日期 备注
1.0
25-Jan-2012
初始版本

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