配置在CPAR 8.0的自定义脚本

简介

本文描述如何定制与使用的Cisco头等访问登记(CPAR) 8.0行为脚本和扩展点。

先决条件

要求

Cisco 建议您了解以下主题：

• CPAR 8.0管理

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

• CPAR 8.0已安装在CentOS 6.5 64位 

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

背景信息

CPAR可以被内部和外部脚本修改。脚本在C/C++/Java/TCL可以写入。脚本可以用于修改处理RADIUS、TACACS和直径数据包。脚本可以被参考在扩展点的CPAR。扩展点是出现在某些配置元素下并且准许参考脚本的设置/属性。根据参考指南CPAR对自定义脚本造成的任何数据丢失、损伤等等不负责。 

这是两个扩展点示例在网络设备配置下

[ //localhost/Radius/Clients/piborowi ]
    Name = piborowi
    Description =
    Protocol = tacacs-and-radius
    IPAddress = 192.168.255.15
    SharedSecret = <encrypted>
    Type = NAS
    Vendor =
    IncomingScript~ =                          // Extension point for incomming traffic
    OutgoingScript~ =                          // Extension point for outgoing traffic
    EnableDynamicAuthorization = FALSE
    NetMask =
    EnableNotifications = FALSE
    EnforceTrafficThrottling = TRUE

根据CPAR管理指南，有多个可用的扩展点。一份流入脚本可以被参考在这些扩展点中的每一个：

• RADIUS 服务器
• 供应商(立即客户端)
• 客户端(个人NAS)
• Nas供应商在后这代理
• 客户端在后这代理
• 远程服务器(类型RADIUS)
• 服务

验证或授权脚本可以被参考在这些扩展点中的每一个：

• 组验证
• 用户身份验证
• 组授权
• 用户授权

流出的脚本可以被参考在这些扩展点中的每一个：

• 服务
• 客户端在后这代理
• Nas供应商在后这代理
• 客户端(个人NAS)
• NAS供应商
• RADIUS 服务器

了解脚本由CPAR执行的命令是关键的，因为有多个分机点。参考的表看到29个可用的写脚本/扩展点定货的管理员指南7-1。

一份内部脚本是直接地在CPAR CLI的那个(aregcmd)配置。它不要求任何外部文件和编程的知识。一份外部脚本是在操作系统的一个文件存储的那个(CENTOS或RHEL)和被参考CPAR CLI。 

配置

流出流量的内部脚本

在内部写脚本您能使用这些修正值：

1. +rsp ：-添加和属性到答复

2. - rsp ：-从答复去除属性

3. #rsp ：-用新的值替换属性

4. 在能用于上req (请求/incomming的数据包和env，是环境字典)。示例+req ：或者- env ：

添加一份内部脚本在/Radius/Scripts下。配置用访问接受信息包将返回的两个其他AVP ：过滤器ID和根据厂商的一个(加入语音域)。 

--> ls -R

[ //localhost/Radius/Scripts/addattr ]
    Name = addattr
    Description =
    Language = internal
    Statements/
        1. +rsp:Filter-Id=PhoneACL
        2. +rsp:Cisco-AVPair=device-traffic-class=voice

--> ls -R

[ Services/local-users ]
    Name = local-users
    Description =
    Type = local
    IncomingScript~ =
    OutgoingScript~ = addattr
    OutagePolicy~ = RejectAll
    OutageScript~ =
    UserList = Default
    EnableDeviceAccess = True
    DefaultDeviceAccessAction~ = DenyAll
    DeviceAccessRules/
        1. switches

与使用的测验本地radclient ：

--> simple <username> <password>
p011
--> p011 send
p014
--> p014
Packet: code = Access-Accept, id = 18, length = 64, attributes =
        Filter-Id = PhoneACL
        Cisco-AVPair = device-traffic-class=voice

跟踪：

07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Running Service local-users's OutgoingScript: addattr
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Internal Script for 1   +rsp:Filter-Id=PhoneACL : Filter-Id = PhoneACL
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Setting value PhoneACL for attribute Filter-Id
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Trace of Response Dictionary
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Trace of Access-Request packet
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    identifier = 18
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    length = 30
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    respauth = fb:63:14:3f:c1:fb:ac:03:7d:16:29:61:ba:ef:13:4f
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    Filter-Id = PhoneACL
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Internal Script for 2   +rsp:Cisco-AVPair=device-traffic-class=voice : Cisco-AVPair = device-traffic-class=voice
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Setting value device-traffic-class=voice for attribute Cisco-AVPair
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Trace of Response Dictionary
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363: Trace of Access-Request packet
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    identifier = 18
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    length = 64
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    respauth = fb:63:14:3f:c1:fb:ac:03:7d:16:29:61:ba:ef:13:4f
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    Filter-Id = PhoneACL
07/31/2019 10:31:26.254: P2363:    Cisco-AVPair = device-traffic-class=voice

流入的数据流的内部脚本

创建新脚本替换在格式user@domain的所有用户名对的匿名并且应用它，服务的incomming的脚本您使用。

配置：

--> cd /Radius/Scripts

--> add test

--> set language internal

--> cd Statements

--> add 1

--> cd 1 

--> set statements "#req:User-Name=~(.*)(@[a-z]+.[a-z]+)~\anonymous"

--> ls -R

[ //localhost/Radius/Scripts/test ]
    Name = test
    Description =
    Language = internal
    Statements/
        1. #env:User-Name=~(.*)~anonymous

--> ls -R /Radius/Services/employee-service/

[ /Radius/Services/employee-service ]
    Name = employee-service
    Description =
    Type = local
    IncomingScript~ = test
    OutgoingScript~ =
    OutagePolicy~ = RejectAll
    OutageScript~ =
    UserList = default
    EnableDeviceAccess = FALSE
    DefaultDeviceAccessAction~ = DenyAll

测试与radclient (请求很可能已拒绝，因为用户名更改对匿名) ：

--> simple <username>@cisco.com <password>
p01e

--> p01e
Packet: code = Access-Request, id = 27, length = 72, attributes =
User-Name = <username>@cisco.com
User-Password = <password>
NAS-Identifier = localhost
NAS-Port = 7

--> p01e send
p020
--> p020
Packet: code = Access-Reject, id = 27, length = 35, attributes =
        Reply-Message = Access Denied

Trace ：

在员工服务被执行前，三份脚本被调用。第一CPAR调用CiscoIncomingScript，然后调用附加对localhost客户端/network设备配置的ParseServiceHints。它在环境字典解压缩从数据包的用户名并且放置它。第二份脚本，测验被调用，并且在环境字典的用户名从<username>更改到匿名

localhost客户端：

[ //localhost/Radius/Clients/localhost ]
    Name = localhost
    Description =
    Protocol = radius
    IPAddress = 127.0.0.1
    SharedSecret = <encrypted>
    Type = NAS+Proxy
    Vendor = Cisco
    IncomingScript~ = ParseServiceHints
    OutgoingScript~ =
    EnableDynamicAuthorization = FALSE
    NetMask =
    EnableNotifications = FALSE
    EnforceTrafficThrottling = TRUE

Trace输出：

07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: PolicyEngine: [SelectPolicy] Successful
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Using Client: localhost
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Using Vendor: Cisco
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Running Vendor Cisco's IncomingScript: CiscoIncomingScript
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Running Client localhost IncomingScript: ParseServiceHints
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Rex: environ->get( "Request-Type" ) -> "Access-Request"
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Rex: environ->get( "Request-Type" ) -> "Access-Request"
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Rex: environ->get( "User-Name" ) -> "<username>"


07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Authenticating and Authorizing with Service employee-service
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Running Service employee-service's IncomingScript: test
07/31/2019 11:38:53.522: P2855: Numbered attribute got for the radius / tacacs packet. ignoring # User-Name
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Numbered attribute got for the radius / tacacs packet. ignoring # User-Name
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Numbered attribute got for the radius / tacacs packet. ignoring # User-Name
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Internal Script for 1   #env:User-Name=~(.*)~anonymous : User-Name = anonymous
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Setting value anonymous for attribute User-Name
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Trace of Environment Dictionary
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            User-Name = anonymous
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            NAS-Name-And-IPAddress = localhost (127.0.0.1)
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Authorization-Service = employee-service
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Source-Port = 51169
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Authentication-Service = employee-service
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Trace-Level = 1000
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Destination-Port = 1812
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Destination-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Source-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Enforce-Traffic-Throttling = TRUE
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Request-Type = Access-Request
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Script-Level = 6
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Provider-Identifier = Default
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Request-Authenticator = 5f:62:5a:72:0f:7b:a2:2a:9c:06:ba:2e:bd:f4:e4:4b
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:            Realm = cisco.com
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Getting User anonymous's UserRecord from UserList Default
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Failed to get User anonymous's UserRecord from UserList Default
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Running Vendor Cisco's OutgoingScript: CiscoOutgoingScript
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Trace of Access-Reject packet
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:    identifier = 27
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:    length = 35
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:    respauth = d3:7d:b3:f6:05:47:2c:66:d9:c0:01:7d:67:d7:93:99
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855:    Reply-Message = Access Denied
07/31/2019 11:38:53.523: P2855: Sending response to 127.0.0.1

创建外部脚本

添加一个文件nadip.tcl到/opt/CSCOar/scripts/radius/tcl/目录并且添加此内容：

[root@piborowi-cpar80-16 tcl]# cat /opt/CSCOar/scripts/radius/tcl/nadip.tcl
proc UpdateNASIP {request response environ} {
 $request trace 2 "TCL CUSTOM_SCRIPT Updating NAS IP ADDRESS"
 $request trace 2 "Before put: " [ $request get NAS-IP-Address ]
 $request put NAS-IP-Address 1.2.3.4
 $request trace 2 "After put: " [ $request get NAS-IP-Address ]
}

nadip.tcl内容解释一行行：

线路#1程序定义和参数。请求，答复，包围和三个可用的字典您能修改会话/数据包数据的地方。

线路#2作为跟踪级别能将打印的脚本的调试线路2。

nas-ip-address在请求字典的属性线路#3内容，在您集此值前。

线路#4设置nas-ip-address在请求字典的属性重视1.2.3.4。

nas-ip-address线路#5再打印属性。

一旦脚本在操作系统创建并且保存，请配置对脚本的CPAR参考。设置语言作为TCL，文件名必须是与分机(在这种情况下它的确切的文件名是nadip.tcl)。EntryPoint是步骤的名称在您希望执行作为脚本的文件的。参考创建CPAR脚本在与radclient的服务(incomingScript)和测验下。

线路#2， #3， #5在trace可以被观察：

--> ls -R /Radius/scripts/nadipaddress/

[ /Radius/Scripts/nadipaddress ]
    Name = nadipaddress
    Description =
    Language = tcl             <<<<<<<<
    Filename = nadip.tcl       <<<<<<<<
    EntryPoint = UpdateNASIP   <<<<<<<<
    InitEntryPoint =
    InitEntryPointArgs =

--> ls -R /Radius/services/employee-service/

[ /Radius/Services/employee-service ]
    Name = employee-service
    Description =
    Type = local
    IncomingScript~ = nadipaddress    <<<<<<<<
    OutgoingScript~ =
    OutagePolicy~ = RejectAll
    OutageScript~ =
    UserList = default
    EnableDeviceAccess = FALSE
    DefaultDeviceAccessAction~ = DenyAll

Trace ：

07/31/2019 13:40:53.615: P3490: Running Service employee-service's IncomingScript: nadipaddress
07/31/2019 13:40:53.615: P3490: TCL CUSTOM_SCRIPT Updating NAS IP ADDRESS
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request trace 2 TCL CUSTOM_SCRIPT Updating NAS IP ADDRESS -> OK
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request get NAS-IP-Address -> <empty>
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490: Before put:
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request trace 2 Before put:   -> OK
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request put NAS-IP-Address 1.2.3.4 -> OK
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request get NAS-IP-Address -> 1.2.3.4
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490: After put: 1.2.3.4
07/31/2019 13:40:53.616: P3490:     Tcl: request trace 2 After put:  1.2.3.4 -> OK