VoIP QoS voor Frame Relay naar ATM Interworking met LLQ, PPP LFI en cRTP

Inleiding

Dit document biedt een voorbeeldconfiguratie voor Voice-over-IP met behulp van Multilink PPP over ATM en Frame Relay Interworking (VoIP met MLPoATM/MLPoFR). De centrale focus van de configuratievoorbeelden is de levering van Quality of Service (QoS) om spraak via een door ATM/Frame Relay geïntegreerd WAN correct te ondersteunen. De configuratievoorbeelden maken ook gebruik van gecomprimeerd Real Time Protocol (cRTP), dat op ATM is ondersteund sinds Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.2(2)T.

Het document kan op zichzelf worden gelezen voor configuratiehandleidingen, configuratievoorbeelden en verificatieopdrachten om in het netwerk te kunnen worden gebruikt. Er wordt ook achtergrondinformatie verstrekt over specifieke kwesties die verband houden met het gebruik van ATM / Frame Relay-interworking. Raadpleeg deze documenten voor meer informatie over QoS voor VoIP via Frame Relay of PPP:

• VoIP over PPP Links met Quality of Service (LLQ/IP RTP-prioriteit, LFI, cRTP)

• VoIP via Frame Relay met QoS (fragmentatie, traffic shaping, LLQ/IP RTP-prioriteit)

Voorwaarden

Vereisten

Zorg ervoor dat u aan deze vereisten voldoet voordat u deze configuratie probeert:

U dient bekend te zijn met deze technologiegebieden:

• Toegangscontrolelijsten

• ATM permanente virtuele circuits (PVC’s)

• Frame Relay permanente virtuele circuits (datalink-verbinding-identificator (DLCI’s))

• Bandbreedtebeheer

• LLQ

• LFI

• Virtuele sjablonen en virtuele toegangsinterfaces

• MLPPP

• cRTP

Gebruikte componenten

De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de volgende software- en hardware-versies:

• Cisco 3640 als de ATM-router

• Cisco 2620 als Frame Relay-router

• Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.2(8)T (IP Plus)

Opmerking:  Als algemeen richtlijn, is de nieuwste Cisco IOS 12.2 hoofdonderhoudsrelease de aanbevolen Cisco IOS-softwarerelease om te gebruiken voor MLPoATM/FR. Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.2T is vereist op de ATM-router als cRTP wordt gebruikt.

Relevante functies zijn geïntroduceerd in deze Cisco IOS-softwarereleases:

• LFI is geïntroduceerd in Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 11.3.

• LLQ is geïntroduceerd in Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.0(7)T.

• LLQ over Frame Relay en ATM per PVC is geïntroduceerd in Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.1(2)T.

• Multilink PPP LFI voor Frame Relay en virtuele ATM-circuits zijn geïntroduceerd in Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.1(5)T.

• cRTP over ATM is geïntroduceerd in Cisco IOS-softwarerelease 12.2(2)T.

De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de apparaten in een specifieke laboratoriumomgeving. Alle apparaten die in dit document worden beschreven, hadden een opgeschoonde (standaard)configuratie. Als uw netwerk live is, moet u de potentiële impact van elke opdracht begrijpen.

Conventies

Raadpleeg Cisco Technical Tips Conventions (Conventies voor technische tips van Cisco) voor meer informatie over documentconventies.

Achtergrondinformatie

De belangrijkste kwesties bij het bieden van geminimaliseerde end-to-end vertraging en jittervermijding voor VoIP via een geïntegreerd ATM/Frame Relay-netwerk zijn:

• Strikte prioriteit voor spraakverkeer (lage wachtrijen)

• Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI)

• Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS) voor spraak

• ATM traffic shaping

Deze documenten bieden nuttige achtergrondinformatie:

• Quality-of-Service voor Voice-over-IP

• Configuratie van Link Fragmentation en Interleaving voor Frame Relay en virtuele ATM-circuits

Configureren

Deze sectie bevat informatie over het configureren van de functies die in dit document worden beschreven.

N.B.: Gebruik het Opdrachtupgereedschap (alleen geregistreerde klanten) om meer informatie te vinden over de opdrachten die in dit document worden gebruikt.

Netwerkdiagram

Het netwerk in dit document is als volgt opgebouwd:

Configuraties

Dit document gebruikt deze configuraties:

• Frame Relay Connected Router

• ATM Connected Router

N.B.: Het is belangrijk om op te merken dat in deze configuratie de twee routers via Frame Relay terug-naar-back-up zijn verbonden met ATM Interworking-switch. In de meeste topologieën echter, kunnen de spraak-enabled routers overal bestaan. Normaal gesproken gebruiken de spraakrouters LAN-connectiviteit op andere routers, die worden aangesloten op ATM/Frame WAN. In die gevallen moeten de routers die zijn aangesloten op WAN, Frame Relay en ATM voor LLQ, LFI en MLPPP worden geconfigureerd zodat ze QoS kunnen leveren en niet de spraakgateways zoals in deze configuraties worden getoond.

!--- Note: This configuration is commented and numbered !--- in the order that commands should be entered.


version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname FR
!
enable password cisco
!
username ATM password 0 cisco
voice-card 0
dspfarm
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
!


!--- access-list 105 permit ip any any dscp ef specifies !--- that all traffic with Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) !--- are set to 40 falls into this access-list. !--- This class-map command defines a class of traffic called "voice". 

access-list 105 permit ip any any dscp ef 
access-list 105 permit udp any any  range 16384 32767
access-list 105 permit ip any any precedence critical
!
class-map match-all voice 
match access-group 105
!

!         
!

!--- This policy-map command defines a policy for LLQ called "VoIP" and !--- maps the "voice" class to the "VOIP" policy. !--- "priority" defines the amount of bandwidth reserved for the priority queue. !--- "class-default" specifies that the default class is also mapped to this policy. !--- "fair-queue" specifies that all other traffic is served in the WFQ.


policy-map VOIP 
  class voice 
    priority 48 
  class class-default  
   fair-queue 


!--- Note: Although it is possible to queue various types of !--- real-time traffic to the priority queue, !--- Cisco recommends that you direct only voice traffic !--- to it. Real-time traffic such as video or voice !--- could introduce variations in delay. Please note voice and !--- video should not be combined in the same PVC. !--- (the priority queue is a First In First Out (FIFO) !--- queue). Voice traffic requires that delay be !--- nonvariable in order to avoid jitter. !--- Note: The sum of the values for priority and !--- bandwidth statements needs to be less !--- than or equal to 75% of the link bandwidth. !--- Otherwise service-policy cannot be !--- assigned to the link. When configuring VoIP over a !--- 64 Kbps link to support two !--- voice calls, it is common to allocate more than 75% !--- (48 Kbps) of the link bandwidth to !--- the priority queue. In such cases, you can use the !--- max-reserved-bandwidth <#%> command in order to raise !--- available bandwidth to a value more than 75%.


!
!
!
fax interface-type fax-mail
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 172.17.111.16 255.255.255.224
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF
 no ip route-cache
 no ip mroute-cache
 frame-relay traffic-shaping
!

!--- Choose the frame relay interface to be !--- associated with the virtual interface. The !--- virtual template could equally have been associated !--- with the physical interface. !--- The "class mlp" associates the virtual template interface !--- defined in "interface Virtual-Template1" with a Frame Relay DLCI. !--- Associates a Frame Relay map class with a DLCI.


interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-point 
 no ip route-cache
 no ip mroute-cache
 frame-relay interface-dlci 16 ppp Virtual-Template1 
  class mlp 


!--- The interface command creates a virtual !--- template called Virtual-Template1. !--- A bandwidth of 64 Kbps is assigned to this !--- template interface. This bandwidth is used !--- by Cisco IOS to calculate the data fragment size as noted regarding !--- interleaving of PPP segments. !--- "ip rtp header-compression"—cRTP is supported in an ATM/Frame Relay Interworking !--- environment. It requires Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(2)T on the !--- ATM router. !--- "service-policy output VOIP"—The VoIP policy created earlier is assigned !--- to this interface in the outbound direction. !--- PPP multilink is enabled and the !--- maximum delay per segment is specified. This bandwidth is !--- used by Cisco IOS to calculate the data fragement size as noted. !--- Interleaving of PPP segments is enabled, which allows !--- voice packets to be expedited. Voice !--- packets need only wait behind a single segment of !--- a previously queued data packet (for example, 10 ms !--- delay) rather than wait until the end of the !--- entire data packet. Cisco IOS calculates the !--- data fragment size using the following formula: !--- fragment size = delay x bandwidth/8

!
interface Virtual-Template1 
 bandwidth 64 
 ip unnumbered loopback0
 ip rtp header-compression 
 no ip route-cache
 load-interval 30
 max-reserved-bandwidth 99
 service-policy output VOIP 
 ppp multilink 
 ppp multilink fragment-delay 10 
 ppp multilink interleave 
!


!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.17.111.1
no ip http server
ip pim bidir-enable
!
!
!

!--- A map class called mlp is created. !--- With "no frame-relay adaptive-shaping", adaptive !--- shaping is disabled. You do not !--- want to exceed CIR and have voice packets !--- possibly queued within the Frame Relay network. !--- Waiting for a BECN to resolve this !--- situation could result in poor voice quality. !--- The frame-relay cir 64000 command forces the router to transmit !--- at the desired CIR rate rather than line !--- rate for the port. !--- "frame-relay bc 640" configures the Bc value to force the desired !--- Tc (shaping interval) value is 10 ms. !--- This formula should be used to determine !--- the Bc value to use: Tc = Bc/CIR. A !--- smaller Tc value reduces the interval a voice !--- packet has to wait to be sent. !--- As in "frame-relay be 0", the Be value should be set to zero !--- in order to avoid voice being sent as part of a burst !--- that is not guaranteed by the Frame Relay network.


map-class frame-relay mlp

 no frame-relay adaptive-shaping
 frame-relay cir 64000  
 frame-relay bc 640 
 frame-relay be 0 


!
call rsvp-sync
!
voice-port 1/0/0
!
voice-port 1/0/1
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
!
!
dial-peer voice 123 voip
 destination-pattern 123
 session target ipv4:10.1.1.1
 ip qos dscp cs5 media
 ip qos dscp cs5 signaling
 no vad
!
dial-peer voice 456 pots
 destination-pattern 456
 port 1/0/0
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password cisco
 login
!
!
end

!--- Note: This configuration is commented only !--- where additional consideration is required from the !--- above configuration of the Frame Relay router.


version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname ATM
!
enable password cisco
!
username FR password 0 cisco
memory-size iomem 25
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
access-list 105 permit ip any any dscp ef
access-list 105 permit udp any any  range 16384 32767
access-list 105 permit ip any any precedence critical
!
class-map match-all voice
 match access-group 105
!
!

!--- Note: Matching commands to the Frame Relay !--- router side of the network.


!
!
policy-map VOIP
  class voice
    priority 48
  class class-default
   fair-queue


!--- Note: Matching commands to the Frame Relay !--- router side of the network.


!
!
fax interface-type fax-mail
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
controller T1 2/0
 framing sf
 linecode ami
!
!
!
!
interface ATM0/0
 no ip address
 ip route-cache
 no atm ilmi-keepalive
!

!--- "interface ATM0/0.1 point-to-point" chooses the ATM subinterface. !--- The physical interface could equally have been used. !--- "pvc 10/100" creates an ATM PVC. !--- "cbr 64"—A VBR PVC has been defined on this example. !--- This exapmle uses VBR non-realtime and the sustained !--- cell rate (SCR) should be equal to the peak !--- cell rate (PCR) in order to avoid bursting. !--- ATM cell tax and the possibility !--- of ATM bandwidth expansion due to poor !--- fragment/cell alignment, means that it !--- cannot be assumed that the PCR/SCR on the ATM !--- side should equal the CIR of the Frame Relay side. !--- Maintain the value of CIR on the Frame-Relay side to define !--- our SCR, in this case, 64 kbps. This value may in some networks !--- require some fine-tuning as the CIR on the Frame side does not !--- exactly match the SCR on the ATM but makes for a good-enough estimation !--- for most purposes. !--- Refer to Designing and Deploying !--- Multilink PPP over Frame Relay and ATM !--- for more information. !--- "encapsulation aal5snap" is required. !--- "protocol ppp Virtual-Template1" associates the virtual !--- template with the ATM PVC.


interface ATM0/0.1 point-to-point
 ip route-cache
 pvc 10/100 
  cbr 64 
  encapsulation aal5snap 
  protocol ppp Virtual-Template1 


!
!
interface loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet3/0
 ip address 172.17.111.15 255.255.255.224
 half-duplex
!
interface Ethernet3/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 half-duplex
!
interface Virtual-Template1
 bandwidth 64
 ip unnumbered loopback0
 ip rtp header-compression
 no ip route-cache
 load-interval 30
 max-reserved-bandwidth 99
 service-policy output VOIP
 ppp multilink
 ppp multilink fragment-delay 10
 ppp multilink interleave


!--- Note: The virtual template is created in !--- exactly the same way as for the !--- Frame Relay router side of the network. !--- An additional consideration for !--- the ATM router is that the fragment size !--- should be optimized to fit into !--- an integral number of ATM cells. !--- Refer to Designing and Deploying !--- Multilink PPP over Frame Relay and ATM !--- for more information on this issue.


!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.17.111.1
ip http server
ip pim bidir-enable
!
!
call rsvp-sync
!
voice-port 1/0/0
 description FXS
!
voice-port 1/0/1
!
voice-port 1/1/0
 description FXO
!
voice-port 1/1/1
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
!
!
dial-peer voice 456 voip
 destination-pattern 456
 session target ipv4:10.1.1.2
 ip qos dscp cs5 media
 ip qos dscp cs5 signaling
 no vad   
!
dial-peer voice 123 pots
 destination-pattern 123
 port 1/1/0
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password cisco
 login
!
!
end

Verifiëren

Gebruik dit gedeelte om te bevestigen dat de configuratie correct werkt.

Het Uitvoer Tolk (uitsluitend geregistreerde klanten) (OIT) ondersteunt bepaalde show opdrachten. Gebruik de OIT om een analyse van tonen opdrachtoutput te bekijken.

Deze show opdrachten zijn nuttig bij de verificatie van de operationele status van de ATM/Frame Relay-interworking-omgeving, die DLCI- en PVC-statistieken, de fysieke en virtuele interfacestatus, QoS-toepassing (Policy) en cRTP-informatie bevat:

• Geef de naam van de interface-multilink-verifieert of de bundel omhoog/omlaag is, welke virtuele-toegangsinterface de bundel (MLPPP bundel) is en welke leden (PPP verbinding) zijn. Deze opdracht verifieert ook of de drager cellen/frames laat vallen (verloren fragmenten <> 0). Het enige acceptabele fragmentatieverlies is een veroorzaakt door CRC-fouten (Cyclic redundantie).

• Laat gebruiker —Hier wordt het nummer weergegeven dat aan de virtuele toegangsinterface is gekoppeld. U kunt informatie uit deze opdracht of de opdracht tonen MPP multilink gebruiken zodat u statistieken over de interface kunt weergeven of de interface kunt wissen.

• Laat frame-relais pvc dlci -displays zoals traffic shaping parameters, fragmentatiewaarden en geworpen pakketten zien. Deze opdracht toont ook of de fysieke interface aan de virtuele interface is gebonden.

• ATM pvc pvc tonen —hiermee worden alle actieve ATM PVC’s en verkeersinformatie weergegeven.

• toon beleid-kaart interface interface-naam-Hiermee geeft u alle LLQ-handeling en alle druppels in het PQ weer. Raadpleeg het gedeelte Packet Counters begrijpen in de opdrachtoutput van de showbeleid-map interface voor meer informatie over de verschillende velden van deze opdracht.

  Opmerking: de fancy wachtrij wordt altijd toegepast op de virtuele access2 interface. De andere interfaces gebruiken een wachtrij voor FIFO.

• Toon ip rtp header-compressie —Geeft indien geconfigureerd de RTP header compressiestatistieken weer. Merk op dat de statistieken zijn aangesloten op de virtuele access2 interface, de bundelinterface.

Hier worden voorbeelden van deze opdrachten gegeven:

FR#show ppp multilink interface virtual-access 2
Virtual-Access2, bundle name is ATM
Bundle up for 00:22:42
0 lost fragments, 0 reordered, 0 unassigned
0 discarded, 0 lost received, 231/255 load
0x2E5 received sequence, 0x10C31 sent sequence
Member links: 1 (max not set, min not set)
Virtual-Access1, since 00:22:42, last rcvd seq 0002E4 160 weight

Deze uitvoer toont de showgebruikers op de Frame Relay-router.

FR#show users
Line User Host(s) Idle Location
67 vty 1 idle 00:00:00 10.1.1.1
Interface User Mode Idle Peer Address
Vi1 Virtual PPP (FR ) - 
Vi2 Virtual PPP (Bundle) 00:00:00 10.1.1.1
FR#

Deze output toont de show gebruikers op de ATM router.

ATM#show users 
Line User Host(s) Idle Location
131 vty 1 idle 00:00:00 64.104.207.95
Interface User Mode Idle Peer Address
Vi1 Virtual PPP (ATM ) - 
Vi2 Virtual PPP (Bundle) 00:00:02 10.1.1.2
ATM#

Deze uitvoer toont de opdracht frame-relais pvc.

FR#show frame-relay pvc 16
 PVC Statistics for interface Serial0/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
 DLCI = 16, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0.1
  
     input pkts 2301 output pkts 2295 in bytes 152266 
     out bytes 151891 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 
     in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 
     in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 
     out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 
     5 minute input rate 9000 bits/sec, 9 packets/sec
     5 minute output rate 9000 bits/sec, 9 packets/sec
     pvc create time 23:46:56, last time pvc status changed 00:22:56
     Bound to Virtual-Access1 (up, cloned from Virtual-Template1) 
     
!--- PPP link interface.

     cir 64000 bc 640 be 0 byte limit 80 interval 10 
     mincir 64000 byte increment 80 Adaptive Shaping none
     pkts 2296 bytes 152053 pkts delayed 9 bytes delayed 375
     shaping active 
     traffic shaping drops 0
     Queueing strategy: fifo
     Output queue 0/40, 0 drop, 0 dequeued
FR#

Deze uitvoer toont de opdracht ATM pvc 10/100 op de ATM-router.

ATM#show atm pvc 10/100 
     ATM0/0.1: VCD: 1, VPI: 10, VCI: 100
     CBR, SusRate: 128
     AAL5-LLC/SNAP, etype:0x0, Flags: 0x820, VCmode: 0x0
     OAM frequency: 0 second(s), OAM retry frequency: 1 second(s)
     OAM up retry count: 3, OAM down retry count: 5
     OAM Loopback status: OAM Disabled
     OAM VC state: Not Managed
     ILMI VC state: Not Managed
     InARP frequency: 15 minutes(s)
     Transmit priority 1
     InPkts: 729, OutPkts: 729, InBytes: 49700, OutBytes: 51158
     InPRoc: 0, OutPRoc: 729
     InFast: 729, OutFast: 0, InAS: 0, OutAS: 0
     InPktDrops: 0, OutPktDrops: 0/0/0 (holdq/outputq/total)
     CrcErrors: 0, SarTimeOuts: 0, OverSizedSDUs: 0, LengthViolation: 0, 
     CPIErrors: 0
     OAM cells received: 0
     F5 InEndloop: 0, F5 InSegloop: 0, F5 InAIS: 0, F5 InRDI: 0
     F4 InEndloop: 0, F4 InSegloop: 0, F4 InAIS: 0, F4 InRDI: 0
     OAM cells sent: 0
     F5 OutEndloop: 0, F5 OutSegloop: 0, F5 OutRDI: 0
     F4 OutEndloop: 0, F4 OutSegloop: 0, F4 OutRDI: 0
     OAM cell drops: 0
     Status: UP
   PPP: Virtual-Access2 from Virtual-Template1 
    
!--- MLPPP bundle interface.

ATM#

Dit is de show beleid-map op de Frame Relay-router.

FR#show policy-map interface Virtual-Access2
Service-policy output: VoIP
Class-map: voice (match-all)
15483 packets, 959502 bytes
30 second offered rate 24000 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: ip dscp 40 
Weighted Fair Queueing 
Strict Priority 

!--- LLQ Strict Priority Queue for voice.

Output Queue: Conversation 24 
Bandwidth 48(kbps) Burst 1500 (Bytes)
(pkts matched/bytes matched) 15536/962784
(total drops/bytes drops) 0/0 

!--- No drops in the voice queue.

Class-map: class-default (match-any)
139 packets, 19481 bytes
30 second offered rate 1000 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any 
Weighted Fair Queueing
Flow Based Fair Queueing
Maximum Number of Hashed Queues 16 
(total queued/total drops/no-buffer drops) 0/0/0

Deze output toont het bevel van de show beleidsplan op de router van ATM.

ATM#show policy-map interface Virtual-Access2 
Service-policy output: VOIP
Class-map: voice (match-all)
11293 packets, 699718 bytes
30 second offered rate 24000 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: ip dscp 40 
Weighted Fair Queueing
Strict Priority 

!--- LLQ Strict Priority Queue for voice.

Output Queue: Conversation 24 
Bandwidth 48 (kbps) Burst 1500 (Bytes)
(pkts matched/bytes matched) 11352/703376
(total drops/bytes drops) 0/0 

!--- No drops in the voice queue.

Class-map: class-default (match-any)
63 packets, 9772 bytes
30 second offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any 
Weighted Fair Queueing
Flow Based Fair Queueing
Maximum Number of Hashed Queues 16 
(total queued/total drops/no-buffer drops) 0/0/0
ATM#

Deze uitvoer toont de opdracht voor tonen van IP header-compressie op de router van Frame Relay.

FR#show ip rtp header-compression
RTP/UDP/IP header compression statistics:
Interface Virtual-Access1:
Rcvd: 0 total, 0 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 0 total, 0 compressed,
0 bytes saved, 0 bytes sent
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 0 misses 0 collisions

Interface Virtual-Template1:
Rcvd: 0 total, 0 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 0 total, 0 compressed,
0 bytes saved, 0 bytes sent
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 0 misses 0 collisions

Interface Virtual-Access2:
Rcvd: 23682 total, 23681 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 327 total, 233 compressed,
8821 bytes saved, 5159 bytes sent
2.70 efficiency improvement factor
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 94 misses 0 collisions
71% hit ratio, five minute miss rate 0 misses/sec, 0 max

Deze uitvoer toont de opdracht van de show IP header-compressie op de ATM-router.

ATM#show ip rtp header-compression
RTP/UDP/IP header compression statistics:
Interface Virtual-Access1:
Rcvd: 0 total, 0 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 0 total, 0 compressed,
0 bytes saved, 0 bytes sent
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 0 misses 0 collisions, 0 negative cache hits

Interface Virtual-Template1:
Rcvd: 0 total, 0 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 0 total, 0 compressed,
0 bytes saved, 0 bytes sent
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 0 misses 0 collisions, 0 negative cache hits

Interface Virtual-Access2:
Rcvd: 283 total, 233 compressed, 0 errors
0 dropped, 0 buffer copies, 0 buffer failures
Sent: 25341 total, 25340 compressed,
955537 bytes saved, 564463 bytes sent
2.69 efficiency improvement factor
Connect: 16 rx slots, 16 tx slots,
0 long searches, 1 misses 0 collisions, 100 negative cache hits
99% hit ratio, five minute miss rate 0 misses/sec, 0 max

Problemen oplossen

Deze sectie bevat troubleshooting-informatie voor uw configuratie.

Deze sectie verschaft een aantal voorbeelddetails die bedoeld zijn om MLP LFI te verhelderen en dient als werkvoorbeelden voor het oplossen van uw configuratie.

Opdrachten voor troubleshooting

Het Uitvoer Tolk (uitsluitend geregistreerde klanten) (OIT) ondersteunt bepaalde show opdrachten. Gebruik de OIT om een analyse van tonen opdrachtoutput te bekijken.

Opmerking: Raadpleeg Belangrijke informatie over debug Commands voordat u debug-opdrachten gebruikt.

• debug van PPP onderhandeling-illustreert het proces van het klonen van de twee virtueel-toegangsinterfaces om de PPP en PPP bundelverbindingen te vertegenwoordigen. Virtual-Access Interface 1 (Vi1) is de PPP-link waaraan het (ATM of frame) PVC is gebonden. Virtual interface 2 (Vi2) is de PPP-bundellink waaraan een Wachtend beleid is gekoppeld.

• debug ppp multilink fragment-illustreert het concept van grotere gegevenspakketten die met kleinere spraakpakketten worden doorgestuurd. De interleaving vindt plaats op de Vi2-interface (het MLP-niveau) omdat de bundelinterface de chique wachtrij heeft toegewezen.

Dit is de opdrachtoutput voor de opdracht debug ppp onderhandeling.

FR(config-if)#no shut
FR(config-if)#^Z
FR#
FR#
6d23h: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up
*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 PPP: Treating connection as 
a dedicated line 

!--- Vi1 is the PPP link to which the PVC is bound.

*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open
*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 197 len 19
*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0xF44128D2 (0x0506F44128D2)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.842: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 FR (0x1305014652) 

!--- Router FR at one end of PPP discovery.

*Mar 7 23:20:42.858: Vi1 LCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 14 len 20
*Mar 7 23:20:42.858: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0x294819D4 (0x0506294819D4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.858: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.858: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 ATM (0x13060141544D) 

!--- Router ATM at the other end of PPP discovery.

*Mar 7 23:20:42.858: Vi1 LCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 14 len 20

*Mar 7 23:20:42.862: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0x294819D4 (0x0506294819D4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.862: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.862: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 ATM (0x13060141544D)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 LCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 197 len 19
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0xF44128D2 (0x0506F44128D2)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 FR (0x1305014652)
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 LCP: State is Open
*Mar 7 23:20:42.870: Vi1 PPP: Phase is FORWARDING, Attempting Forward
*Mar 7 23:20:42.874: Vi1 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Finish LCP
*Mar 7 23:20:42.874: Vi1 PPP: Phase is VIRTUALIZED
*Mar 7 23:20:42.942: Vi2 PPP: Phase is DOWN, Setup
*Mar 7 23:20:43.222: Vi1 IPCP: Packet buffered while building MLP bundle interface
6d23h: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up 

!--- MLP level queuing.

*Mar 7 23:20:43.226: Vi2 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line
*Mar 7 23:20:43.226: Vi2 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open
*Mar 7 23:20:43.226: Vi2 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 19
*Mar 7 23:20:43.226: Vi2 LCP: MagicNumber 0xF4412A53 (0x0506F4412A53)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.226: Vi2 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.230: Vi2 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 FR (0x1305014652)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.230: Vi2 MLP: 
Added first link Vi1 to bundle ATM 

!--- PVCs make up the bundle.

*Mar 7 23:20:43.230: Vi2 PPP: Phase is UP
*Mar 7 23:20:43.230: Vi2 IPCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 10
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 IPCP: Address 10.1.1.2 (0x03060A010102)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 PPP: Pending ncpQ size is 1
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi1 IPCP: Redirect packet to Vi1
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 IPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 1 len 10
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 IPCP: Address 10.1.1.1 (0x03060A010101)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 IPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 1 len 10
*Mar 7 23:20:43.234: Vi2 IPCP: Address 10.1.1.1 (0x03060A010101)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.266: Vi2 IPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 1 len 10
*Mar 7 23:20:43.266: Vi2 IPCP: Address 10.1.1.2 (0x03060A010102)
*Mar 7 23:20:43.266: Vi2 IPCP: State is Open
*Mar 7 23:20:43.266: Vi2 IPCP: Install route to 10.1.1.1
*Mar 7 23:20:43.270: Vi2 IPCP: Add link info for cef entry 10.1.1.1

Deze opdrachtoutput komt van de opdracht debug ppp multilink fragment.

*Mar 7 23:16:08.034: Vi2 MLP: 
Packet interleaved from queue 24
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi1 MLP: O ppp UNKNOWN(0x0000) (0000) size 64 
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi2 MLP: Packet interleaved from queue 24
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi1 MLP: O ppp UNKNOWN(0x0000) (0000) size 64 
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi2 MLP: Packet interleaved from queue 24
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi1 MLP: O ppp UNKNOWN(0x0000) (0000) size 64 
*Mar 7 23:16:08.038: Vi1 MLP: O frag 0000829B size 160 
*Mar 7 23:16:08.042: Vi1 MLP: I ppp IP (0021) size 64 direct
*Mar 7 23:16:08.046: Vi1 MLP: I ppp IP (0021) size 64 direct

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• Ontwerpen en implementeren van multilink PPP via Frame Relay en ATM
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