Campus ATM Switch로 LFI(Link Fragmentation and Interleaving) 구성

FRAMEside#show ip int brief 
Interface        IP-Address      OK? Method Status   Protocol 
FastEthernet0/0  172.16.142.231  YES NVRAM  up       up  
Loopback1        191.1.1.1       YES NVRAM  up       up  

FRAMEside#show diag 3 
Slot 3: 
   CT3 single wide Port adapter, 1 port 
   Port adapter is analyzed  
   Port adapter insertion time 13:16:35 ago 
   EEPROM contents at hardware discovery: 
   Hardware revision 1.0           Board revision A0 
   Serial number     23414844      Part number    73-3037-01 
   FRU Part Number:  PA-MC-T3= (SW) 

   Test history      0x0           RMA number     00-00-00 
   EEPROM format version 1 
   EEPROM contents (hex): 
     0x20: 01 A0 01 00 01 65 48 3C 49 0B DD 01 00 00 00 00 
     0x30: 50 00 00 00 00 10 30 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 

FRAMEside#show controller t3 3/0  
T3 3/0 is up.  Hardware is CT3 single wide port adapter 
  CT3 H/W Version : 1.0.1, CT3 ROM Version : 1.1, CT3 F/W Version : 2.4.0 
  FREEDM version: 1, reset 0 resurrect 0 
  Applique type is Channelized T3 
  No alarms detected. 
  FEAC code received: No code is being received 
  Framing is M23, Line Code is B3ZS, Clock Source is Internal 
  Rx throttle total 0, equipment customer loopback 
  Data in current interval (75 seconds elapsed): 
     2 Line Code Violations, 1 P-bit Coding Violation 
     0 C-bit Coding Violation, 1 P-bit Err Secs 
     0 P-bit Severely Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Framing Secs 
     0 Unavailable Secs, 1 Line Errored Secs 
     0 C-bit Errored Secs, 0 C-bit Severely Errored Secs 
  [output omitted] 

FRAMEside(config)#controller t3 3/0 
b13-8-7204(config-controller)#? 
Controller configuration commands: 
  cablelength  cable length in feet (0-450) 
  clock        Specify the clock source for a T3 link 
  default      Set a command to its defaults 
  description  Controller specific description 
  equipment    Specify the equipment type for loopback mode 
  exit         Exit from controller configuration mode 
  framing      Specify the type of Framing on a T3 link 
  help         Description of the interactive help system 
  idle         Specify the idle pattern for all channels on a T3 interface 
  loopback     Put the entire T3 line into loopback 
  mdl          Maintenance Data Link Configuration 
  no           Negate a command or set its defaults 
  shutdown     Shut down a DS3 link (send DS3 Idle) 
  t1           Create a T1 channel 

b13-8-7204(config-controller)#t1 ? 
  <1-28>  T1 Channel number <1-28> 

b13-8-7204(config-controller)#t1 1 channel-group ? 
  <0-23>  Channel group number 

b13-8-7204(config-controller)#t1 1 channel-group 1 ? 
  timeslots  List of timeslots in the channel group 

b13-8-7204(config-controller)#t1 1 channel-group 1 timeslots ? 
  <1-24>  List of timeslots which comprise the channel 

b13-8-7204(config-controller)#t1 1 channel-group 1 timeslots 1-2 
b13-8-7204(config-controller)# 
13:22:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial3/0/1:1, changed state to down 
13:22:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial3/0/1:1, changed state to down 
13:22:46: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial3/0/1:1, changed state to up 
13:22:47: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial3/0/1:1, changed state to up 
13:23:07: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial3/0/1:1, changed state to down 

참고: 연결된 원격 인터페이스가 유사하게 구성되지 않은 경우, 새 채널화된 인터페이스의 링크 레이어가 작동하지만 회선 프로토콜은 계속 중단됩니다.

FRAMEside(config)#int serial 3/0/1:1 
FRAMEside(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf 
FRAMEside(config-if)#frame-relay traffic-shaping

!--- FRTS must be enabled for MLPoFR.

FRAMEside(config)#map-class frame-relay mlp 
FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay cir ? 
  <1-45000000>  Applied to both Incoming/Outgoing CIR, Bits per second 
  in            Incoming CIR 
  out           Outgoing CIR 

FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay cir 128000 
FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay mincir 128000 
FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay bc ? 
  <300-16000000>  Applied to both Incoming/Outgoing Bc, Bits 
  in             Incoming Bc 
  out             Outgoing Bc 
  <cr> 
FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay bc 1280

!--- Configure a burst committed (Bc) value of 1/100th of the CIR or 1280 bps.

FRAMEside(config-map-class)#frame-relay be 0

!--- Configure an excess burst (Be) value of 0.

FRAMeside(config-map-class)#no frame-relay adaptive-shaping

FRAMEside#show policy-map example 
  Policy Map example 
    Class voice 
      Weighted Fair Queueing 
            Strict Priority 
            Bandwidth 110 (kbps) Burst 2750 (Bytes) 
    Class class-default 
      Weighted Fair Queueing 
            Flow based Fair Queueing 
            Bandwidth 0 (kbps) Max Threshold 64 (packets)

FRAMEside(config)#interface Virtual-Template1 
FRAMEside(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
FRAMEside(config-if)#service-policy output example 
FRAMEside(config-if)#ppp multilink 
FRAMEside(config-if)#ppp multilink fragment-delay 10 
FRAMEside(config-if)#ppp multilink interleave 
FRAMEside(config-if)#end 

FRAMEside(config)#int serial 3/0/1:1.1 point 
FRAMEside(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci ? 
  <16-1007>  Define a switched or locally terminated DLCI 

FRAMEside(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 20 ppp ? 
  Virtual-Template  Virtual Template interface 

FRAMEside(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 20 ppp Virtual-Template 1 
FRAMEside(config-fr-dlci)#class mlp 

FRAMEside#show frame-relay pvc 20  

PVC Statistics for interface Serial3/0/1:1 (Frame Relay DTE) 

DLCI = 20, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = INACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial3/0/1:1.1 

  input pkts 0      output pkts 0         in bytes 0 
  out bytes 0       dropped pkts 0        in FECN pkts 0 
  in BECN pkts 0    out FECN pkts 0       out BECN pkts 0 
  in DE pkts 0      out DE pkts 0  
  out bcast pkts 0  out bcast bytes 0  
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
  pvc create time 00:03:24, last time pvc status changed 00:03:24 
Bound to Virtual-Access1 (down, cloned from Virtual-Template1) 
  cir 128000    bc 1280      be 0         byte limit 160    interval 10  
  mincir 128000    byte increment 160   Adaptive Shaping none 
  pkts 0       bytes 0       pkts delayed 0   bytes delayed 0 
  shaping inactive  
  traffic shaping drops 0 
  Queueing strategy: fifo 
  Output queue 0/40, 0 drop, 0 dequeued 

FRAMEside#show controller serial 3/0/1:1 
CT3 SW Controller 3/0 
  ROM ver 0x10001, h/w ver 1.0.1, f/w ver 2.4.0, FREEDM rev 1

!--- FREEDM is the HDLC controller on the channelized T3 port adapter. It extracts data from the 24 timeslots of a T1, validates the CRC, and checks for any other frame errors.

T3 linestate is Up, T1 linestate 0x00000002, num_active_idb 1 
  Buffer pool size 640, particle size 512, cache size 640, cache end 128/127 
  Rx desctable 0xF1A5A20, shadow 0x628C6AFC, size 512, spin 128

!--- When it initializes, the interface driver builds a control structure known as the receive ring. The receive ring consists of a list of 512 packet buffer descriptors. As packets arrive, FREEDM DMAs the data into the buffer to which a descriptor points.

rx queue 0xF1B8000, cache 0xF1B8000, fq base 0xF1B8800 
    rdq base 0xF1B8000, host_rxrdqr 0xF1B8004, host_rxfqw 0xF1B8804 
  Tx desctable 0xF1A7A60, shadow 0x628B6AD0, size 4096, spin 256 

!--- When it initializes, the interface driver also creates the transmit queue or transmit ring. In the case of the channelized T3 PA, the driver creates a queue of 4096 entries and sets all fields in the descriptors to NULL or empty.

tx queue 0xF1C0000, cache 0xF1C0000 
    host_txrdqw 1802, fq base 0xF1C4000, host_txfqr 0xF1C5C20 
  dynamic txlimit threshold 4096 
  TPD cache 0x628C7A54, size 4096, cache end 4096/4094, underrun 0 
  RPD cache 0x628C7328, size 448, cache end 0 
  Freedm fifo 0x628AA7B0, head ptr 0x628AA7C8, tail ptr 0x628AB7A8, reset 0 
  PCI bus 6, PCI shared memory block 0xF1A454C, PLX mailbox addr 0x3D820040 
  FREEDM devbase 0x3D800000, PLX devbase 0x3D820000 
  Rx overruns 0, Tx underruns 0, tx rdq count 0 

!--- The "tx rdq count" indicates the number of outstanding transmit packets in FREEDM's "transmit ready" queue. This queue holds a packet before it reaches the transmit ring.

Tx bad vc 0 
  FREEDM err: cas 0, hdl 0, hdl_blk 0, ind_prov 0, tavail 0, tmac busy 0, rmac b 
usy 0 
         rxrdq_wt 0x2, rxrdq_rd 0x1, rxsfq_wt 0x201, rxsfq_rd 0x206 

VC 0 (1:1) is enabled, T1 1 is enabled/Up, rx throttle 0 
Interface Serial3/0/1:1 is up (idb status 0x84208080) 
  xmitdelay 0, max pak size 1608, maxmtu 1500, max buf size 1524 
  started 8, throttled 0, unthrottled 0, in_throttle FALSE 
  VC config: map 0xC0000000, timeslots 2, subrate 0xFF, crc size 2, non-inverted data 
    freedm fifo num 3, start 0x628AA7B0, end 0x628AA7C0, configured = TRUE 
  Rx pkts 0, bytes 0, runt 0, giant 0, drops 0 
    crc 0, frame 0, overrun 0, abort 1, no buf 0 
  Tx pkts 194313, bytes 2549490, underrun 0, drops 0, tpd udr 0 
    tx enqueued 0, tx count 0/36/0, no buf 0 
    tx limited = FALSE 

!--- The "tx count x/y/z" counter includes the following information: !--- "x" = Number of transmit ring entries in use. !--- "y" = Maximum number of packets allowed on the transmit queue. !--- "z" = Number of times that the transmit limit has been exceeded.

LS1010#show hardware    
LS1010 named LS1010, Date: 07:36:40 UTC Mon May 13    2002    
Feature Card's FPGA Download Version: 11    
Slot Ctrlr-Type    Part No.  Rev  Ser No  Mfg Date  RMA No.   Hw Vrs  Tst EEP    
---- ------------  ---------- -- -------- --------- -------- ------- --- ---    
0/0  155MM PAM     73-1496-03 A0 02829507 May 07 96 00-00-00   3.1     0   2    
1/0  1CT3 FR-PAM   73-2972-03 A0 12344261 May 17 99 00-00-00   3.0     0   2    
2/0  ATM Swi/Proc  73-1402-03 B0 03824638 Sep 14 96 00-00-00   3.1     0   2    
2/1  FeatureCard1  73-1405-03 B0 03824581 Sep 14 96 00-00-00   3.2     0   2

LS1010#show ip int brief    
Interface      IP-Address         OK? Method Status       Protocol    
ATM0/0/0       unassigned         YES unset  up           up    
ATM0/0/1       unassigned         YES unset  down         down     
ATM0/0/2       unassigned         YES unset  down         down     
ATM0/0/3       unassigned         YES unset  down         down     
ATM-P1/0/0     unassigned         YES unset  up           up     
T3 1/0/0       unassigned         YES unset  up           up

LS1010(config)#controller t3 1/0/0 
LS1010(config-controller)#channel-group 1 t1 ? 
  <1-28>  T1 line number <1-28> 

LS1010(config-controller)#channel-group 1 t1 1 timeslots ? 
  <1-24>  List of timeslots which comprise the channel 

LS1010(config-controller)#channel-group 1 t1 1 timeslot 1-2 
LS1010(config-controller)# 

2w1d: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/0/0:1, changed state to up 
2w1d: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0/0:1, changed state to up 

LS1010(config)#int serial 1/0/0:1 
LS1010(config-if)#encap frame ? 
  ietf  Use RFC1490 encapsulation 

LS1010(config-if)#encap frame ietf 
LS1010(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce 

LS1010#show int serial 1/0/0:1 
Serial1/0/0:1 is up, line protocol is up  
  Hardware is FRPAM-SERIAL 
  MTU 4096 bytes, BW 128 Kbit, DLY 0 usec,  
     reliability 139/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 
  Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY IETF, loopback not set 
  Keepalive set (10 sec) 
  LMI enq sent  32, LMI stat recvd 0, LMI upd recvd 0 
  LMI enq recvd 40, LMI stat sent  40, LMI upd sent  0, DCE LMI up 
  LMI DLCI 1023  LMI type is CISCO  frame relay DCE 

!--- By default, the serial PAM and the serial PA use LMI type Cisco. The serial PAM should show DCE LMI status of "up", and the serial PA should show DTE LMI status of "up". 

Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 0/0, interface broadcasts 0 
  Last input 00:00:03, output 00:00:05, output hang never 
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:06:40 
  Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 
  Queueing strategy: fifo 
  Output queue :0/40 (size/max) 
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
     44 packets input, 667 bytes, 0 no buffer 
     Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 
     5 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 
     71 packets output, 923 bytes, 0 underruns 
     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 
     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 
     0 carrier transitions 
   Timeslots(s) Used: 1-2 on T1 1  
   Frames Received with: 
    DE set: 0, FECN set :0, BECN set: 0 
   Frames Tagged : 
    DE: 0, FECN: 0 BECN: 0 
   Frames Discarded Due to Alignment Error: 0 
   Frames Discarded Due to Illegal Length: 0 
   Frames Received with unknown DLCI: 5 
   Frames with illegal Header : 0  
   Transmit Frames with FECN set :0,  BECN Set :0  
   Transmit Frames Tagged FECN : 0 BECN : 0  
   Transmit Frames Discarded due to No buffers : 0 
   Default Upc Action : tag-drop 
   Default Bc (in Bits) : 32768 

LS1010#show frame lmi 

LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0/0:1 (Frame Relay DCE) LMI TYPE = CISCO< 
  Invalid Unnumbered info 0             Invalid Prot Disc 0 
  Invalid dummy Call Ref 0              Invalid Msg Type 0 
  Invalid Status Message 0              Invalid Lock Shift 0 
  Invalid Information ID 0              Invalid Report IE Len 0 
  Invalid Report Request 0              Invalid Keep IE Len 0 
  Num Status Enq. Rcvd 120              Num Status msgs Sent 120 
  Num Update Status Sent 0              Num St Enq. Timeouts 0 

LS1010#show int atm 0/0/0 
ATM0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up  
  Hardware is oc3suni 
  MTU 4470 bytes, sub MTU 4470, BW 155520 Kbit, DLY 0 usec,  
     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 
  Encapsulation ATM, loopback not set 
  Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never 
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never 
  Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 
  Queueing strategy: fifo 
  Output queue :0/40 (size/max) 
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
  5 minute output rate 1000 bits/sec, 2 packets/sec 
     253672 packets input, 13444616 bytes, 0 no buffer 
     Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 
     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 
     2601118 packets output, 137859254 bytes, 0 underruns 
     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 
     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 

LS1010#show int atm-p1/0/0 
ATM-P1/0/0 is up, line protocol is up  
  Hardware is ATM-PSEUDO 
  MTU 4470 bytes, sub MTU 4470, BW 45000 Kbit, DLY 0 usec,  
     reliability 0/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 
  Encapsulation ATM, loopback not set 
  Keepalive not supported  
  Encapsulation(s): 
  2000 maximum active VCs, 0 current VCCs 
  VC idle disconnect time: 300 seconds 
  Last input never, output never, output hang never 
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never 
  Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 
  Queueing strategy: fifo 
  Output queue :0/40 (size/max) 
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 
     0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer 
     Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 
     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 
     0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns 
     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 
     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 

interface Serial1/0/0:1 
 no ip address 
 encapsulation frame-relay IETF 
 no arp frame-relay 
 frame-relay intf-type dce 
 frame-relay pvc 20 service transparent  interface  ATM0/0/0 1 100

LS1010#show vc int atm 0/0/0    
Interface      Conn-Id  Type   X-Interface     X-Conn-Id   Encap  Status    
ATM0/0/0       0/5      PVC     ATM0           0/39        QSAAL    UP    
ATM0/0/0       0/16     PVC     ATM0           0/35        ILMI     UP    
ATM0/0/0       1/100    PVC     Serial1/0/0:1  20                   UP    

ATMside#show int atm 1/0/0 
ATM1/0/0 is up, line protocol is up  
  Hardware is cyBus ENHANCED ATM PA 
  MTU 4470 bytes, sub MTU 4470, BW 149760 Kbit, DLY 80 usec,  
     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 
  Encapsulation ATM, loopback not set 
  Encapsulation(s): AAL5 
  4095 maximum active VCs, 0 current VCCs 
[output omitted] 

ATMside(config)#int atm 1/0/0.1 point 
ATMside(config-subif)#pvc 1/100 
ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#vbr-nrt 300 150 ? 
  <1-65535>  Maximum Burst Size(MBS) in Cells 
  <cr> 

ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#vbr-nrt 300 150 
ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#end 
ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#tx-ring-limit 4 

!--- Tune down the transmit ring to push most queueing to the layer-3 queues, where our service policy will apply.

ATMside#show atm vc 
           VCD /                             Peak Avg/Min Burst 
Interface Name VPI  VCI Type Encaps SC  kbps kbps Cells Sts 
1/0/0.1    1    1   100 PVC  SNAP   VBR 300  150  94    UP 

1. VoIP(Voice over IP) 패킷에 대한 클래스 맵을 만듭니다.

   ATMside(config)#class-map voice  
   ATMside(config-cmap)#match ip rtp ? 
     <2000-65535>  Lower bound of UDP destination port 
   
   ATMside(config-cmap)#match ip rtp 16384 ?  
     <0-16383>  Range of UDP ports 
   
   ATMside(config-cmap)#match ip rtp 16384 16383 
   
   
   !--- Cisco IOS H.323 devices use this UDP port range to transmit VoIP packets.
   
   

2. 음성 신호 패킷에 대한 클래스 맵을 만듭니다. 이 예에서는 H.323 Fast Connect를 사용합니다. (QoS(Quality of Service)가 포함된 VoIP over PPP 링크(LLQ/IP RTP 우선순위, LFI, cRTP)의 "LLQ 컨피그레이션 지침" 섹션을 참조하십시오.)

   class-map voice-signaling 
     match access-group 103 
   ! 
   access-list 103 permit tcp any eq 1720 any  
   access-list 103 permit tcp any any eq 1720
   

3. 명명된 정책 맵을 만들고 각 클래스에 QoS 작업을 할당합니다. 이 예에서는 priority 명령으로 VoIP 사용자 패킷에 우선순위 큐잉을 할당하고 bandwidth 명령으로 통화 시그널링 패킷에 최소 대역폭 보장을 할당합니다. 다른 모든 트래픽은 class-default 클래스로 이동하며, 이 클래스에서 트래픽을 IP 레이어 플로우로 분리하고 플로우 간의 공정 큐잉을 제공합니다.

   policy-map example 
     class call-control 
       bandwidth percent 10 
     class voice 
        priority 110 
     class class-default 
       fair-queue 
   
   

4. 컨피그레이션을 확인합니다.

   ATMside#show policy-map example 
     Policy Map example 
       Class call-control 
         bandwidth percent 10 
       Class voice 
         priority 110 
       Class class-default 
         fair-queue 
   

interface Virtual-Template1 
  bandwidth 150 
  ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 
  service-policy output example 
  ppp multilink 
  ppp multilink fragment-delay 10 
  ppp multilink interleave 


!--- You select a fragment size indirectly by specifying the maximum tolerable serialization delay. The recommended maximum per-hop serialization delay for voice environments is 10 milliseconds (ms). LFI also requires ppp multilink interleave. 

ATMside(config)#int atm 1/0/0.1 
ATMside(config-subif)#pvc 1/100 
ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#protocol ppp ? 
  Virtual-Template  Virtual Template interface 
  dialer            pvc is part of dialer profile 

ATMside(config-if-atm-vc)#protocol ppp Virtual-Template 1 

ATMside#show run int atm 1/0/0.1 
Building configuration... 

Current configuration : 127 bytes 
! 
interface ATM1/0/0.1 point-to-point 
 pvc 1/100  
  vbr-nrt 300 150 
  tx-ring-limit 4 
  protocol ppp Virtual-Template1 
 ! 
end 

ATMside#show int virtual-access 1 
Virtual-Access1 is up, line protocol is down  
  Hardware is Virtual Access interface 
  Internet address is 1.1.1.1/24 
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 150 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec,  
     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set 
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset 
  LCP Listen, multilink Closed 
  Closed: LEXCP, BRIDGECP, IPCP, CCP, CDPCP, LLC2, BACP, IPV6CP 
  Bound to ATM1/0/0.1 VCD: 1, VPI: 1, VCI: 100 
  Cloned from virtual-template: 1