Configurazione di un router IPSec con sovraccarico NAT e Cisco Secure VPN Client

Opzioni per il download

PDF (182.4 KB)
Visualizza con Adobe Reader su diversi dispositivi
ePub (95.3 KB)
Visualizza in diverse app su iPhone, iPad, Android, Sony Reader o Windows Phone
Mobi (Kindle) (110.6 KB)
Visualizza su dispositivo Kindle o tramite app Kindle su più dispositivi

Aggiornato:1 maggio 2007

ID documento:14132

Linguaggio senza pregiudizi

La documentazione per questo prodotto è stata redatta cercando di utilizzare un linguaggio senza pregiudizi. Ai fini di questa documentazione, per linguaggio senza di pregiudizi si intende un linguaggio che non implica discriminazioni basate su età, disabilità, genere, identità razziale, identità etnica, orientamento sessuale, status socioeconomico e intersezionalità. Le eventuali eccezioni possono dipendere dal linguaggio codificato nelle interfacce utente del software del prodotto, dal linguaggio utilizzato nella documentazione RFP o dal linguaggio utilizzato in prodotti di terze parti a cui si fa riferimento. Scopri di più sul modo in cui Cisco utilizza il linguaggio inclusivo.

Informazioni su questa traduzione

Cisco ha tradotto questo documento utilizzando una combinazione di tecnologie automatiche e umane per offrire ai nostri utenti in tutto il mondo contenuti di supporto nella propria lingua. Si noti che anche la migliore traduzione automatica non sarà mai accurata come quella fornita da un traduttore professionista. Cisco Systems, Inc. non si assume alcuna responsabilità per l’accuratezza di queste traduzioni e consiglia di consultare sempre il documento originale in inglese (disponibile al link fornito).

Sommario

Introduzione

Prerequisiti

Requisiti

Componenti usati

Convenzioni

Configurazione

Esempio di rete

Configurazioni

Verifica

Risoluzione dei problemi

Comandi per la risoluzione dei problemi

Informazioni correlate

Introduzione

Questa configurazione di esempio cripta il traffico dalla rete dietro Light alla rete dietro House (la rete 192.168.100.x alla rete 192.168.200.x). Viene inoltre eseguito l'overload NAT (Network Address Translation). Le connessioni client VPN crittografate sono consentite in Light con caratteri jolly, chiavi pre-condivise e configurazione della modalità. Il traffico diretto a Internet viene tradotto, ma non crittografato.

Prerequisiti

Requisiti

Nessun requisito specifico previsto per questo documento.

Componenti usati

Le informazioni fornite in questo documento si basano sulle seguenti versioni software e hardware:

Software Cisco IOS® versione 12.2.7 e 12.2.8T
Cisco Secure VPN Client 1.1 (mostrato come 2.1.12 nel menu Guida > Informazioni su del client IRE)
Cisco 3600 router

Nota: se si usano i router Cisco serie 2600 per questo tipo di scenario VPN, i router devono essere installati con le immagini crypto IPsec VPN IOS.

Le informazioni discusse in questo documento fanno riferimento a dispositivi usati in uno specifico ambiente di emulazione. Su tutti i dispositivi menzionati nel documento la configurazione è stata ripristinata ai valori predefiniti. Se la rete è operativa, valutare attentamente eventuali conseguenze derivanti dall'uso dei comandi.

Configurazione luce
Configurazione interna
Configurazione client VPN

Configurazione luce
Current configuration : 2047 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Light ! boot system flash:c3660-ik9o3s-mz.122-8T ! ip subnet-zero ! ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 ip ssh time-out 120 ip ssh authentication-retries 3 ! !--- IPsec Internet Security Association and !--- Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) policy. crypto isakmp policy 5 hash md5 authentication pre-share !--- ISAKMP key for static LAN-to-LAN tunnel !--- without extended authenticaton (xauth). crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 10.64.10.45 no-xauth !--- ISAKMP key for the dynamic VPN Client. crypto isakmp key 123cisco address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 !--- Assign the IP address to the VPN Client. crypto isakmp client configuration address-pool local test-pool ! ! ! crypto ipsec transform-set testset esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map test-dynamic 10 set transform-set testset ! ! !--- VPN Client mode configuration negotiation, !--- such as IP address assignment and xauth. crypto map test client configuration address initiate crypto map test client configuration address respond !--- Static crypto map for the LAN-to-LAN tunnel. crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp set peer 10.64.10.45 set transform-set testset !--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process. match address 115 !--- Dynamic crypto map for the VPN Client. crypto map test 10 ipsec-isakmp dynamic test-dynamic ! call rsvp-sync ! ! ! ! ! fax interface-type modem mta receive maximum-recipients 0 ! controller E1 2/0 ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.64.10.44 255.255.255.224 ip nat outside duplex auto speed auto crypto map test ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside duplex auto speed auto ! interface BRI4/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI4/1 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI4/2 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI4/3 no ip address shutdown ! !--- Define the IP address pool for the VPN Client. ip local pool test-pool 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 !--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0/0 overload ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.64.10.33 ip http server ip pim bidir-enable ! !--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 any !--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process. access-list 115 permit ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 ! !--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! ! dial-peer cor custom ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line 97 108 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 ! end

Configurazione luce

 Current configuration : 2047 bytes
 !
 version 12.2
 service timestamps debug uptime
 service timestamps log uptime
 no service password-encryption
 !
 hostname Light
 !
 boot system flash:c3660-ik9o3s-mz.122-8T
 !
 ip subnet-zero
 !
 ip audit notify log
 ip audit po max-events 100
 ip ssh time-out 120
 ip ssh authentication-retries 3
 !

!--- IPsec Internet Security Association and !--- Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) policy.

 crypto isakmp policy 5
  hash md5
  authentication pre-share

!--- ISAKMP key for static LAN-to-LAN tunnel !--- without extended authenticaton (xauth).

 crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 10.64.10.45 no-xauth

!--- ISAKMP key for the dynamic VPN Client.

 crypto isakmp key 123cisco address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

!--- Assign the IP address to the VPN Client.

 crypto isakmp client configuration address-pool local test-pool
 !
 !
 ! 
 crypto ipsec transform-set testset esp-des esp-md5-hmac 
 !
 crypto dynamic-map test-dynamic 10
  set transform-set testset 
 !
 !

!--- VPN Client mode configuration negotiation, !--- such as IP address assignment and xauth.

 crypto map test client configuration address initiate
 crypto map test client configuration address respond

!--- Static crypto map for the LAN-to-LAN tunnel.

 crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp   
  set peer 10.64.10.45
  set transform-set testset 

!--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process.

  match address 115

!--- Dynamic crypto map for the VPN Client.

 crypto map test 10 ipsec-isakmp dynamic test-dynamic 
 !


 call rsvp-sync
 !
 !
 !         
 !
 !
 fax interface-type modem
 mta receive maximum-recipients 0
 !
 controller E1 2/0
 !
 !
 !
 interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.64.10.44 255.255.255.224
  ip nat outside
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  crypto map test
 !
 interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
  ip nat inside
  duplex auto
  speed auto
 !
 interface BRI4/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI4/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI4/2
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI4/3
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 
!--- Define the IP address pool for the VPN Client.

 ip local pool test-pool 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254

!--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process.

 ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0/0 overload 
 ip classless
 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.64.10.33
 ip http server
 ip pim bidir-enable
 !

!--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process.

 access-list 110 deny   ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255
 access-list 110 deny   ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 any

!--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process.

 access-list 115 permit ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255
 !

!--- Exclude the private network and VPN Client !--- traffic from the NAT process.

 route-map nonat permit 10
  match ip address 110 
 !
 !
 dial-peer cor custom
 !
 !
 !
 !
 !
 line con 0
 line 97 108
 line aux 0
 line vty 0 4
 !
 end

Configurazione interna
Current configuration : 1689 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname house ! boot system flash:c3660-jk8o3s-mz.122-7.bin ! ip subnet-zero ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 ip ssh time-out 120 ip ssh authentication-retries 3 ! !--- IPsec ISAKMP policy. crypto isakmp policy 5 hash md5 authentication pre-share !--- ISAKMP key for static LAN-to-LAN tunnel without xauth authenticaton. crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 10.64.10.44 no-xauth ! ! crypto ipsec transform-set testset esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! !--- Static crypto map for the LAN-to-LAN tunnel. crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp set peer 10.64.10.44 set transform-set testset !--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process. match address 115 ! call rsvp-sync cns event-service server ! ! ! ! ! fax interface-type modem mta receive maximum-recipients 0 ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.64.10.45 255.255.255.224 ip nat outside duplex auto speed auto crypto map test ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside duplex auto speed auto ! interface BRI2/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI2/1 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI2/2 no ip address shutdown ! interface BRI2/3 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet4/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! !--- Exclude the private network traffic !--- from the dynamic (dynamic association to a pool) NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0/0 overload ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.64.10.33 no ip http server ip pim bidir-enable ! !--- Exclude the private network traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any !--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process. access-list 115 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 !--- Exclude the private network traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! ! ! dial-peer cor custom ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! end

Configurazione interna

Current configuration : 1689 bytes
 !
 version 12.2
 service timestamps debug uptime
 service timestamps log uptime
 no service password-encryption
 !
 hostname house
 !
 boot system flash:c3660-jk8o3s-mz.122-7.bin
 !
 ip subnet-zero
 !
 !
 no ip domain-lookup
 !
 ip audit notify log
 ip audit po max-events 100
 ip ssh time-out 120
 ip ssh authentication-retries 3
 !

!--- IPsec ISAKMP policy.

 crypto isakmp policy 5
  hash md5 
  authentication pre-share

!--- ISAKMP key for static LAN-to-LAN tunnel without xauth authenticaton.

 crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 10.64.10.44 no-xauth
 !
 !
 crypto ipsec transform-set testset esp-des esp-md5-hmac 
 !

!--- Static crypto map for the LAN-to-LAN tunnel.

 crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp   
  set peer 10.64.10.44
  set transform-set testset 

!--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process.

  match address 115 
 !
 call rsvp-sync
 cns event-service server
 !
 !
 !
 !
 !
 fax interface-type modem
 mta receive maximum-recipients 0
 !
 !
 !         
 interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.64.10.45 255.255.255.224
  ip nat outside
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  crypto map test
 !
 interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0
  ip nat inside
  duplex auto
  speed auto
 !
 interface BRI2/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI2/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI2/2
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface BRI2/3
  no ip address
  shutdown
 !
 interface FastEthernet4/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  duplex auto
  speed auto
 !
 
!--- Exclude the private network traffic !--- from the dynamic (dynamic association to a pool) NAT process.

 ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0/0 overload
 ip classless
 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.64.10.33
 no ip http server
 ip pim bidir-enable
 !
 
!--- Exclude the private network traffic from the NAT process.

 access-list 110 deny   ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any

!--- Include the private network-to-private network traffic !--- in the encryption process.

 access-list 115 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
 
!--- Exclude the private network traffic from the NAT process.

 route-map nonat permit 10
  match ip address 110
 !
 !
 !
 dial-peer cor custom
 !
 !
 !
 !
 !
 line con 0
 line aux 0
 line vty 0 4
  login
 !
 end

Configurazione client VPN
Network Security policy: 1- TOLIGHT My Identity Connection security: Secure Remote Party Identity and addressing ID Type: IP subnet 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 Port all Protocol all Connect using secure tunnel ID Type: IP address 10.64.10.44 Pre-shared Key=123cisco Authentication (Phase 1) Proposal 1 Authentication method: pre-shared key Encryp Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 SA life: Unspecified Key Group: DH 1 Key exchange (Phase 2) Proposal 1 Encapsulation ESP Encrypt Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 Encap: tunnel SA life: Unspecified no AH 2- Other Connections Connection security: Non-secure Local Network Interface Name: Any IP Addr: Any Port: All

Configurazione client VPN

Network Security policy:
       1- TOLIGHT
       My Identity
       Connection security: Secure
       Remote Party Identity and addressing
       ID Type: IP subnet
       192.168.100.0
       255.255.255.0
       Port all Protocol all
       
  Connect using secure tunnel
         ID Type: IP address
         10.64.10.44

       
  Pre-shared Key=123cisco

       
  Authentication (Phase 1)
         Proposal 1
         Authentication method: pre-shared key
         Encryp Alg: DES
         Hash Alg: MD5
         SA life: Unspecified
         Key Group: DH 1

       
  Key exchange (Phase 2)
         Proposal 1
         Encapsulation ESP
         Encrypt Alg: DES
         Hash Alg: MD5
         Encap: tunnel
         SA life: Unspecified
         no AH

       
  2- Other Connections
         Connection security: Non-secure
         Local Network Interface
         Name: Any
         IP Addr: Any
         Port: All

Verifica

Per verificare che la configurazione funzioni correttamente, consultare questa sezione.

Lo strumento Output Interpreter (solo utenti registrati) (OIT) supporta alcuni comandi show. Usare l'OIT per visualizzare un'analisi dell'output del comando show.

show crypto ipsec sa: visualizza le associazioni di sicurezza (SA) della fase 2.
show crypto isakmp sa: visualizza le associazioni di protezione della fase 1.

Risoluzione dei problemi

Utilizzare questa sezione per risolvere i problemi relativi alla configurazione.

Comandi per la risoluzione dei problemi

Lo strumento Output Interpreter (solo utenti registrati) (OIT) supporta alcuni comandi show. Usare l'OIT per visualizzare un'analisi dell'output del comando show.

Nota: consultare le informazioni importanti sui comandi di debug prima di usare i comandi di debug.

debug crypto ipsec: visualizza le negoziazioni IPsec della fase 2.
debug crypto isakmp: visualizza le negoziazioni ISAKMP della fase 1.
debug crypto engine: visualizza il traffico crittografato.
clear crypto isakmp: cancella le SA correlate alla fase 1.
clear crypto sa: cancella le SA correlate alla fase 2.

Informazioni correlate

Cronologia delle revisioni

Revisione	Data di pubblicazione	Commenti
1.0	01-May-2007	Versione iniziale

Questo documento ti è stato utile?

Feedback

Contattaci

Apri una richiesta di assistenza
(Occorre un contratto di servizio Cisco)