أستكشاف أخطاء رأس L2 وإصلاحها لحركة مرور MPLS العابرة

المقدمة

يوضح هذا المستند كيفية أستكشاف أخطاء مسار إعادة توجيه MPLS وإصلاحها عند تعطل مسار إعادة توجيه MPLS بسبب تلف رأس L2 على عقدة NCS4K (6.5.26).

المشكلة

في هذا السيناريو، يتم تشغيل نفق هندسة حركة مرور (TE)، ولكن لا يعمل إختبار اتصال تحويل التسمية متعدد البروتوكولات (MPLS) عبر نفق MPLS:

tunnel-te5180                  10.38.101.62    Up              Up       default

#ping mpls traffic-eng tunnel-te 5180
Thu Jan  5 21:30:29.245 UTC

Sending 5, 100-byte MPLS Echos to tunnel-te5180,
      timeout is 2 seconds, send interval is 0 msec:

Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
  'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
  'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
  'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no rx label,
  'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
  'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
  'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0

Type escape sequence to abort.

.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

أنت ترى بعض القفزة في ال MPLS traceroute: 

#traceroute mpls traffic-eng tunnel-te 5180
Thu Jan  5 21:30:49.405 UTC

Tracing MPLS TE Label Switched Path on tunnel-te5180, timeout is 2 seconds

Codes: '!' - success, 'Q' - request not sent, '.' - timeout,
  'L' - labeled output interface, 'B' - unlabeled output interface,
  'D' - DS Map mismatch, 'F' - no FEC mapping, 'f' - FEC mismatch,
  'M' - malformed request, 'm' - unsupported tlvs, 'N' - no rx label,
  'P' - no rx intf label prot, 'p' - premature termination of LSP,
  'R' - transit router, 'I' - unknown upstream index,
  'X' - unknown return code, 'x' - return code 0

Type escape sequence to abort.

  0 172.16.61.78 MRU 9582 [Labels: 27769 Exp: 0]
L 1 172.16.61.79 MRU 9582 [Labels: 28136 Exp: 0] 7 ms
. 2 *
. 3 *
. 4 *
. 5 *^C

عندما تقوم بالتحقق من نفق MPLS، فإنك ترى نقطتين إضافيتين يتم توقيعهما للموجه الصريح (ERO):

#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels 5180
Thu Jan  5 21:31:11.958 UTC


Name: tunnel-te5180  Destination: 10.38.96.1  Ifhandle:0x80002c4
  Signalled-Name: MIVLPAMI-0112003A_t5180
  Status:
    Admin:    up Oper:   up   Path:  valid   Signalling: connected

    path option 10,  type dynamic  (Basis for Setup, path weight 3000)
      Accumulative metrics: TE 3000 IGP 30 Delay 900000
      Path-option attribute: eline-any
        Number of affinity constraints: 1
           Include bit map           : 0x2
           Include ext bit map       :
               Length: 256 bits
               Value : 0x::2
           Include affinity name     : eline(1)

    G-PID: 0x0800 (derived from egress interface properties)
    Bandwidth Requested: 7 kbps  CT0
    Creation Time: Thu Nov 10 22:17:55 2022 (7w6d ago)
  Config Parameters:
    Bandwidth:        0 kbps (CT0) Priority:  5  5 Affinity: 0x0/0xffff
    Metric Type: TE (interface)
    Path Selection:
      Tiebreaker: Min-fill (default)
    Hop-limit: disabled
    Cost-limit: disabled
    Delay-limit: disabled
    Path-invalidation timeout: 10000 msec (default), Action: Tear (default)
    AutoRoute:  enabled  LockDown: disabled   Policy class: not set
    Forward class: 0 (not enabled)
    Forwarding-Adjacency: disabled
    Autoroute Destinations: 0
    Loadshare:          0 equal loadshares
    Auto-bw: enabled
      Last BW Applied: 7 kbps CT0   BW Applications: 29
      Last Application Trigger: Periodic Application
      Bandwidth Min/Max: 0-4294967295 kbps
      Application Frequency: 60 min   Jitter: 0s   Time Left: 46m 48s
      Collection Frequency: 5 min
      Samples Collected: 2   Next: 1m 3s
      Highest BW: 0 kbps   Underflow BW: 0 kbps
      Adjustment Threshold: 10%   10 kbps
      Overflow Detection disabled
      Underflow Detection disabled
      Resignal Last-bandwidth Disabled
    Auto-Capacity: Disabled:
    Fast Reroute: Enabled, Protection Desired: Any
    Path Protection: Not Enabled
    BFD Fast Detection: Disabled
    Reoptimization after affinity failure: Enabled
    Soft Preemption: Disabled
  History:
    Tunnel has been up for: 7w6d (since Thu Nov 10 22:17:55 UTC 2022)
    Current LSP:
      Uptime: 15:09:12 (since Thu Jan 05 06:22:00 UTC 2023)
    Reopt. LSP:
      Last Failure:
        LSP not signalled, identical to the [CURRENT] LSP
        Date/Time: Thu Jan 05 19:03:33 UTC 2023 [02:27:39 ago]
    Prior LSP:
      ID: 32 Path Option: 10
      Removal Trigger: reoptimization completed

  Path info (IS-IS 1 level-2):
  Node hop count: 3
  Hop0: 172.16.61.79
  Hop1: 172.16.57.244
  Hop2: 172.16.6.59
  Hop3: 10.38.96.1

عند الانتقال إلى الخطوة الأولى على المسار، سترى إدخال "قاعدة معلومات إعادة توجيه تسمية MPLS" (LFIB) الصحيح لهذا النفق:

#show mpls forwarding labels 27769

Fri Jan  6 06:13:04.220 UTC
Local  Outgoing    Prefix             Outgoing     Next Hop        Bytes       
Label  Label       or ID              Interface                    Switched    
------ ----------- ------------------ ------------ --------------- ------------
27769  28136       TE: 5180           Hu0/10/0/11/2.4001 172.16.57.244   0           
       28136       TE: 5180           tt60409      point2point     0            (!)

تستخدم واجهة المخرج على هذه العقدة عنوان MAC هذا، لذلك يمكن إستخدام هذا العنوان كمصدر (SRC) MAC في رأس L2 لإطارات L2:

#show interfaces hundredGigE 0/10/0/11/2.4001

Fri Jan  6 06:14:45.773 UTC
HundredGigE0/10/0/11/2.4001 is up, line protocol is up 
  Interface state transitions: 79
  Hardware is VLAN sub-interface(s), address is 0c11.67c8.2041
  Description: To HundredGigE1/3/0/10/2.PHLAPALO-12121302A:CID:I1001/GE100/PHLAPALO/SLTNPAST
  Internet address is 172.16.57.245
  MTU 9600 bytes, BW 100000000 Kbit (Max: 100000000 Kbit)
     reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
  Encapsulation 802.1Q Virtual LAN, VLAN Id 4001,  loopback not set,
  Last link flapped 1w6d
  ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
  Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  5 minute input rate 64000 bits/sec, 62 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 2198000 bits/sec, 699 packets/sec
     4529877895 packets input, 2267795435148 bytes, 6 total input drops
     0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
     Received 124 broadcast packets, 0 multicast packets
     3926978895 packets output, 1611587340639 bytes, 0 total output drops
     Output 0 broadcast packets, 0 multicast packets

ولكن على الجانب المجاور في عرض الحزم المحتجزة مدخل موقع <active LC VM>، أنت ترى عنوان MPLS الصحيح، غير أن تماما خطأ L2 SRC والوجهة (DST) عناوين MAC:

[200] Jan   6 06:10:12.449, len: 103, hits: 1, buffhdr type: 1
    i/p i/f: HundredGigE1/3/0/10/2 
    punt reason: DROP_PACKET
    Ingress Headers:
    port_ifh: 0x8001ae4, sub_ifh: 0x0, bundle_ifh: 0x0
    logical_port: 0x6c1, pd_pkt_type: 3
    punt_reason: DROP_PACKET (0)
    payload_offset: 21, l3_offset: 21
    FTMH:
    pkt_size: 0x7e, tc: 0, tm_act_type: 0, ssp: 0x981
    PPH:
    pph_fwd_code: CPU Trap (7), fwd_hdr_offset: 0
    inlif: 0x0, vrf: 0x0, rif: 0x0
    FHEI:
    trap_code: Rx_UNKNOWN_PACKET (63), trap_qual: 193
[ether dst: 0000.0000.0000 src: 0c11.67c8.2000 type/len: 0x8847] 
    [MPLS  label: 28136, exp 0x6, eos 0, ttl 255] 

عنوان DST MAC هو all-0، ويطابق عنوان MAC SRC واجهة الإدارة على عقدة NCS4K:

#show interfaces mgmtEth 0/rp1/emS/0 

Fri Jan  6 06:15:59.141 UTC
MgmtEth0/RP1/EMS/0 is down, line protocol is down 
  Interface state transitions: 0
  Hardware is Management Ethernet, address is 0c11.67c8.2000 (bia 0c11.67c8.2000)
  Internet address is 10.230.192.86
  MTU 1514 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit (Max: 100000 Kbit)
     reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
  Encapsulation ARPA,
  Full-duplex, 100Mb/s, unknown, link type is autonegotiation
  loopback not set,
  ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
  Last input never, output never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
     0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 total input drops
     0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
     Received 0 broadcast packets, 0 multicast packets
              0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
     0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 total output drops
     Output 0 broadcast packets, 0 multicast packets
     0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
     0 carrier transitions

الحل

السبب الجذري هو ال DDTS - معرف تصحيح الأخطاء من Cisco CSCvz99253 معرف تصحيح الأخطاء من Cisco CSCwa11748 تكرار معرف تصحيح الأخطاء من Cisco CSCvz99253 الذي تم إصلاحه في الإصدار 6.5.32:

++++++++
Dec 23 23:24:58.214 ofa_ipnhgroup_event 0/LC1 3235382# t4839 TP3147224,dnxsdk_l3_fec_create,enter,trans_id,357633649,npu_id,0,is_modify,1,use_eei_encoding,0,dest,0x6052,encap_id,0x4000304a,fec_id,0x2001fe98,
 
Dec 23 15:10:16.787 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 210586# t5614 TP2061,client_ipnh_create,grid_res_id_alloc_req_success,trans_id,357386085,encap_id,0x304a,alloc_sz,2
Dec 23 15:10:16.787 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 286920# t4857 TP9909,dispatch_ipnh,resolve_refhdl_success,ref_l3intf_trans_id,357386081,hdl,0x87a75238
Dec 23 15:10:16.787 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 172418# t4857 TP9913,dummy_block,trans_id,357386085,wait,duration,time,0.1742
Dec 23 15:10:16.787 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 153352# t4857 TP3149344,srv_ipnh_create,entry,trans_id,357386085,npu_mask,0x100000,l3a_mac_addr,00af.1f18.0043,l3a_intf_id,28,port_id,0
 
Dec 23 15:10:16.780 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 258284# t5614 TP2061,client_ipnh_create,grid_res_id_alloc_req_success,trans_id,357386077,encap_id,0x3048,alloc_sz,2
Dec 23 15:10:16.780 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 105614# t4857 TP9909,dispatch_ipnh,resolve_refhdl_success,ref_l3intf_trans_id,357383451,hdl,0x87a75238
Dec 23 15:10:16.780 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 172408# t4857 TP9913,dummy_block,trans_id,357386077,wait,duration,time,0.1947
Dec 23 15:10:16.780 ofa_ipnh_event 0/LC1 286912# t4857 TP3149344,srv_ipnh_create,entry,trans_id,357386077,npu_mask,0x100000,l3a_mac_addr,00af.1f18.0043,l3a_intf_id,28,port_id,0
++++++++

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