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This chapter describes how to power up the router and perform the initial configuration in the following sections:
– Using the Cisco Setup Command Facility
Warning Blank faceplates and cover panels serve three important functions: they prevent exposure to hazardous voltages and currents inside the chassis; they contain electromagnetic interference (EMI) that might disrupt other equipment; and they direct the flow of cooling air through the chassis. Do not operate the system unless all cards, faceplates, front covers, and rear covers are in place. Statement 1029
Check the following items before powering up the router:
To power up your Cisco router, follow this procedure to verify the router has performed the initialization and self-test. When the procedure is finished, the router is ready to configure.
If you encounter problems while powering on the router, see the routers troubleshooting page on Cisco.com.
For information about the ROM monitor and the bootstrap program, see Using the ROM Monitor . For information about the configuration register, see Changing the Configuration Register Settings .
Note To view the boot sequence, you must establish console connection to the Cisco router before it powers up.
Step 1 Move the power switch to the ON position.
If you encounter a problem during the power up process see Troubleshooting Cisco 3900 Series, 2900 Series, and 1900 Series ISRs .
The front-panel indicator LEDs described in Table 1-4 provide power, activity, and status information useful during power up.
Use any of the following tools to perform the initial configuration on the router:
Note Cisco recommends using Cisco Configuration Professional Express to perform the initial configuration on the router because it provides a web-based graphical-user interface (GUI).
Cisco Setup Command Facility lets you configure the initial router settings through a configuration dialog. If you see the following messages, the router has booted and is ready for initial configuration using the setup command facility.
If the system configuration dialog message does not appear, a default configuration file was installed on the router prior to shipping. See the “Using Cisco Configuration Professional Express” section to configure the router.
The setup command facility prompts you to enter the information that is needed to configure a router quickly. The facility steps you through a initial configuration, including LAN and WAN interfaces. For more general information about the setup command facility, see Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 .
Note • The messages that are displayed will vary based on your router model, the installed interface modules, and the software image. The following example and the user entries (in bold) are shown as examples only.
Step 1 Enter the setup command facility. From the Cisco IOS CLI, enter the setup command in privileged EXEC mode, enter the following:
Step 2 To proceed using the setup command facility, enter yes .
Step 3 Proceed using basic management setup, which configures only enough connectivity:
Step 4 Enter a hostname for the router:
Step 5 Enter an enable secret password. This password is encrypted (for more security) and cannot be seen when viewing the configuration.
Step 6 Enter an enable password that is different from the enable secret password. This password is not encrypted (and is less secure) and can be seen when viewing the configuration.
Step 7 Enter the virtual terminal password, which prevents unauthenticated access to the router through ports other than the console port:
Step 8 Respond to the following prompts as appropriate for your network:
The system displays a summary of the available interfaces.
Note The interface summary includes interface numbering, which depends on the router model and the installed modules and interface cards.
Step 9 Select one of the available interfaces for connecting the router to the management network:
Step 10 Respond to the following prompts as appropriate for your network:
The system creates the following configuration command script:
Step 11 Respond to the following prompts. Select 2 to save the initial configuration:
The system displays the user prompt:
Step 12 The facility prompts you to save the configuration. Enter yes to save the configuration and return to the user EXEC prompt (Router>).
Step 13 When the messages stop appearing on your screen, press Return to get the Router> prompt.
Note If you see the following message, it means that no other routers were found on the network attached to the port:
%AT-6-ONLYROUTER: Ethernet0/0: AppleTalk port enabled; no neighbors found
Step 14 The Router> prompt indicates that you are now at the CLI and you have just completed the initial router configuration. Nevertheless, this is not a complete configuration. At this point, you have two choices:
Use the Cisco Configuration Professional Express web-based application to configure the initial router settings. See Cisco Configuration Professional Express User Guide for detailed instructions.
For help with interface and port numbering, see the “Interface Numbering” section.
This section shows you how to access the CLI to perform the initial configuration on the router.
Note If the rommon 1>
prompt appears, your system has booted in ROM monitor mode. For information on the ROM monitor, see Using the ROM Monitor.
If the system configuration dialog message does not appear, a default configuration file was installed on the router prior to shipping. See the “Using Cisco Configuration Professional Express” section to configure the router.
For help with interface and port numbering, see the “Interface Numbering” section.
This section contains the following sections:
Step 1 When the system message appears on the router, enter no .
Step 2 Press Return to terminate autoinstall and continue with manual configuration:
Several messages are displayed, ending with a line similar to the following:
Step 3 Press Return to bring up the
Router>
prompt.
Step 4 Type enable to enter privileged EXEC mode:
The hostname is used in CLI prompts and default configuration filenames. If you do not configure the router hostname, the router uses the factory-assigned default hostname “Router.”
Do not expect capitalization and lower casing to be preserved in the hostname. Uppercase and lowercase characters are treated as identical by many Internet software applications. It may seem appropriate to capitalize a name as you would ordinarily do, but conventions dictate that computer names appear in all lowercase characters. For more information, see the RFC 1178, Choosing a Name for Your Computer .
The name must also follow the rules for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) hostnames. They must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphens. Names must be 63 characters or fewer. For more information, see the RFC 1035, Domain Names—Implementation and Specification .
To provide an additional layer of security, particularly for passwords that cross the network or are stored on a TFTP server, you can use either the enable password command or enable secret command. Both commands accomplish the same thing—they allow you to establish an encrypted password that users must enter to access privileged EXEC (enable) mode.
We recommend that you use the enable secret command because it uses an improved encryption algorithm. Use the enable password command only if you boot an older image of the Cisco IOS software or if you boot older boot ROMs that do not recognize the enable secret command.
For more information, see the “Configuring Passwords and Privileges” chapter in the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide . Also see the Cisco IOS Password Encryption Facts tech note and the Improving Security on Cisco Routers tech note.
If you configure the enable secret command, it takes precedence over the enable password command; the two commands cannot be in effect simultaneously.
(Optional) Sets a local password to control access to various privilege levels. |
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Specifies an additional layer of security over the enable password command.
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This section describes how to configure the console line’s idle privileged EXEC timeout. By default, the privileged EXEC command interpreter waits 10 minutes to detect user input before timing out.
When you configure the console line, you can also set communication parameters, specify autobaud connections, and configure terminal operating parameters for the terminal that you are using. For more information on configuring the console line, see the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals and Network Management Configuration Guide . In particular, see the “Configuring Operating Characteristics for Terminals” and “Troubleshooting and Fault Management” chapters.
The following example shows how to set the console idle privileged EXEC timeout to 2 minutes 30 seconds:
The following example shows how to set the console idle privileged EXEC timeout to 10 seconds:
This sections shows how to assign an IP address and interface description to an Ethernet interface on your router.
For comprehensive configuration information on Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, see the “Configuring LAN Interfaces” chapter of the Cisco IOS Interface and Hardware Component Configuration Guide .
For information on interface numbering, see the software configuration guide for your router.
This section describes how to specify a default route with IP routing enabled. For alternative methods of specifying a default route, see the Configuring a Gateway of Last Resort Using IP Commands tech note.
The Cisco IOS software uses the gateway (router) of last resort if it does not have a better route for a packet and if the destination is not a connected network. This section describes how to select a network as a default route (a candidate route for computing the gateway of last resort). The way in which routing protocols propagate the default route information varies for each protocol.
For comprehensive configuration information about IP routing and IP routing protocols, see Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Configuration Guide, Release 12.4T .
You can configure integrated routing and bridging (IRB) so the router can route and bridge simultaneously. The router will act as an IP host on the network whether routing is enabled or not. To read more about IRB see the following URL on Cisco.com, http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk815/tk855/tsd_technology_support_sub-protocol_home.html
IP routing is automatically enabled in the Cisco IOS software. When IP routing is configured, the system will use a configured or learned route to forward packets, including a configured default route.
Note This task section does not apply when IP routing is disabled. To specify a default route when IP routing is disabled, refer to the Configuring a Gateway of Last Resort Using IP Commands tech note.
A router might not be able to determine the routes to all other networks. To provide complete routing capability, the common practice is to use some routers as smart routers and give the remaining routers default routes to the smart router. (Smart routers have routing table information for the entire internetwork.) These default routes can be passed along dynamically, or can be configured into the individual routers.
Most dynamic interior routing protocols include a mechanism for causing a smart router to generate dynamic default information that is then passed along to other routers.
If a router has an interface that is directly connected to the specified default network, the dynamic routing protocols running on the router will generate or source a default route. In the case of RIP, the router will advertise the pseudonetwork 0.0.0.0. In the case of IGRP, the network itself is advertised and flagged as an exterior route.
A router that is generating the default for a network also may need a default of its own. One way a router can generate its own default is to specify a static route to the network 0.0.0.0 through the appropriate device.
When default information is being passed along through a dynamic routing protocol, no further configuration is required. The system periodically scans its routing table to choose the optimal default network as its default route. In the case of RIP, there is only one choice, network 0.0.0.0. In the case of IGRP, there might be several networks that can be candidates for the system default. The Cisco IOS software uses both administrative distance and metric information to determine the default route (gateway of last resort). The selected default route appears in the gateway of last resort display of the show ip route EXEC command.
If dynamic default information is not being passed to the software, candidates for the default route are specified with the ip default-network global configuration command. In this usage, the ip default-network command takes an unconnected network as an argument. If this network appears in the routing table from any source (dynamic or static), it is flagged as a candidate default route and is a possible choice as the default route.
If the router has no interface on the default network, but does have a route to it, it considers this network as a candidate default path. The route candidates are examined and the best one is chosen, based on administrative distance and metric. The gateway to the best default path becomes the gateway of last resort.
4. ip route dest-prefix mask next-hop-ip-address [ admin-distance ] [ permanent ]
5.
ip default-network
network-number
or
ip route
dest-prefix mask
next-hop-ip-address
Virtual terminal (vty) lines are used to allow remote access to the router. This section shows you how to configure the virtual terminal lines with a password, so that only authorized users can remotely access the router.
The router has five virtual terminal lines by default. However, you can create additional virtual terminal lines as described in the Cisco IOS Terminal Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. See the Configuring Terminal Operating Characteristics for Dial-In Sessions section.
Line passwords and password encryption is described in the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. See the Security with Passwords, Privilege Levels, and Login Usernames for CLI Sessions on Networking Devices section. If you want to secure the vty lines with an access list, see the Access Control Lists: Overview and Guidelines . Also see the Cisco IOS Password Encryption Facts tech note.
3. line vty line-number [ ending-line-number ]
8. From another network device, attempt to open a Telnet session to the router.
After you configure the vty lines, follow these steps:
This section describes how to enter line configuration mode for the auxiliary line. How you configure the auxiliary line depends on your particular implementation of the auxiliary port. See the following documents for information on configuring the auxiliary line:
4. See the tech notes and sample configurations to configure the line for your particular implementation of the auxiliary port.
This section describes how to verify network connectivity for your router.
The following display shows sample output for the ping command when you ping the IP address 192.168.7.27:
The following display shows sample output for the ping command when you ping the IP hostname donald:
This section describes how to avoid losing your configuration at the next system reload or power cycle by saving the running configuration to the startup configuration in NVRAM. The NVRAM provides 256KB of storage on the router.
To aid file recovery and minimize downtime in case of file corruption, we recommend that you save backup copies of the startup configuration file and the Cisco IOS software system image file on a server.
Copying the Startup Configuration to a TFTP Server: Example
The following example shows the startup configuration being copied to a TFTP server:
Copying from Flash Memory to a TFTP Server: Example
The following example shows the use of the show {flash0|flash1}: command in privileged EXEC to learn the name of the system image file and the use of the copy {flash0|flash1}: tftp: privileged EXEC command to copy the system image (c3900-2is-mz) to a TFTP server. The router uses the default username and password.
Note To avoid losing work you have completed, be sure to save your configuration occasionally as you proceed. Use the copy running-config startup-config command to save the configuration to NVRAM.
To verify the initial configuration on the router, enter the following commands in the Cisco IOS:
When you have completed and verified the initial configuration, the specific features and functions are ready to be configured. See the Cisco 1900 Series, 2900 Series, and 3900 Series Software Configuration Guide .