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Before installing your router, you must consider power and cabling requirements that must be in place at your installation site, special equipment for installing the router, and the environmental conditions your installation site must meet to maintain normal operation. This chapter guides you through the process of preparing for router installation.
The shipping package for the router is engineered to reduce the chances of product damage associated with routine material handling experienced during shipment.
•The router should always be transported or stored in its shipping package in the upright position.
•Keep the router in the shipping container until you have determined the installation site.
Inspect all items for shipping damage. If an item appears damaged, contact a Cisco customer service representative immediately.
This chapter contains the following installation topics:
•PRP Port Connection Guidelines
•Alarm Display Connection Guidelines
Before you perform any procedure in this publication, you must review the safety guidelines in this section to avoid injuring yourself or damaging the equipment.
Note that the information in this section are guidelines and do not include every potentially hazardous situation. When you install a router, always use common sense and caution.
•Never attempt to lift an object that might be too heavy for you to lift by yourself.
•Always disconnect the power source and unplug all power cables before lifting, moving, or working on the router.
•Keep the work area clear and dust free during and after installation.
•Keep tools and router components away from walkways and equipment rack aisles.
•Do not wear loose clothing, jewelry (including rings and chains), or other items that could get caught in the router.
•Fasten your tie or scarf and sleeves.
•Cisco equipment operates safely when it is used in accordance with its electrical ratings and product usage instructions.
•Do not work alone if potentially hazardous conditions exist.
•Always unplug the power cables when performing maintenance or working on the router, unless the replacement part is hot swappable and designed for online insertion and removal (OIR).
•The installation of the router should be in compliance with national and local electrical codes: in the United States, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 70, United States National Electrical Code; in Canada, Canadian Electrical Code, part I, CSA C22.1; in other countries, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 364, part 1 through part 7.
The Cisco XR 12410 router are designed to meet the regulatory compliance and safety approval requirements. Refer to the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for Cisco 12000 Series Routers
Single-mode Cisco XR 12410 router line cards are equipped with lasers. The lasers emit invisible radiation. Do not stare into open line card ports. Observe the following warning to prevent eye injury:
Warning Avoid exposure to laser radiation. Do not stare into an open aperture, because invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the aperture when a cable is not inserted in the port.
Many router components can be damaged by static electricity. Not exercising the proper electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions can result in intermittent or complete component failures. To minimize the potential for ESD damage, always use an ESD-preventive antistatic wrist strap (or ankle strap) and ensure that it makes good skin contact.
Note Check the resistance value of the ESD-preventive strap periodically. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohms.
Before you perform any of the procedures in this guide, attach an ESD-preventive strap to your wrist and connect the leash to the chassis as shown in Figure 2-1. Note that some versions of the 10-slot chassis do not provide an ESD connection socket in the line card cage area. For those chassis, use an alligator clip to connect the leash to an open metal part of the chassis.
Figure 2-1 Connecting an ESD-Preventive Wrist Strap to the Chassis
A fully configured router can weigh as much as 275 pounds (lb) (124.74 kilograms (kg)), while an empty chassis weighs 125 lb (56.7 kg). These systems are not intended to be moved frequently. Before you install the router, ensure that your site is properly prepared so you can avoid having to move the router later to accommodate power sources and network connections.
Use the following lifting guidelines to avoid injury to yourself or damage to the equipment:
•Do not lift equipment alone; have another person help you to lift heavy equipment.
•Ensure that your footing is solid; balance the weight of the object between your feet.
•Lift the equipment slowly; never move suddenly or twist your body as you lift.
•Keep your back straight and lift with your legs, not your back. When bending down to lift equipment, bend at the knees (not at the waist), to reduce the strain on your lower back muscles.
Some line cards are equipped with ports that can emit hazardous laser radiation from the aperture when there is no cable connected to the port. This invisible radiation can cause eye injury if you stare into the port.
Warning To avoid eye injury, never stare into open line card ports.
The following sections contain the site requirement guidelines that you should be familiar with before installing the router:
•Temperature and Humidity Guidelines
•NEBS Supplemental Unit Bonding and Grounding Guidelines
The router can be mounted in most 2-post, 4-post, or telco-type 19-inch equipment racks that comply with the Electronics Industries Association (EIA) standard for equipment racks (EIA-310-D). The rack must have at least two posts with mounting flanges to mount the router chassis. The distance between the center lines of the mounting holes on the two mounting posts must be 18.31 inches ± 0.06 inch (46.50 cm ± 0.15 cm). The rack-mounting hardware included with the router is suitable for most 19-inch equipment racks or telco-style frames.
Figure 2-2 shows examples of typical 2-post, 4-post, and telco-type equipment racks.
Figure 2-2 Equipment Rack Types
Figure 2-2a shows a free-standing, enclosed rack with two mounting posts in the front. The router should not be installed in this type of enclosed rack, because the router requires an unobstructed flow of cooling air to maintain acceptable operating temperatures for its internal components. Installing the router in any type of enclosed rack—even with the front and back doors removed—could disrupt the air flow, trap heat next to the chassis, and cause an overtemperature condition inside the router.
Figure 2-2b shows a free-standing, 4-post open rack with two mounting posts in the front and two mounting posts in the back. The mounting posts in this type of rack are often adjustable so that you can position the rack-mounted unit within the depth of the rack rather than flush-mount it with the front of the rack.
Figure 2-2c shows a telco-type rack. The telco-type rack is an open frame consisting of two posts tied together by a cross-bar at the top and a floor stand at the bottom.
This type of rack is usually secured to the floor and sometimes to an overhead structure or wall for additional stability. The router chassis can be installed in the telco-type rack either in a front-mounted position or a center-mounted position.
In the front-mounted position, you secure the chassis rack-mounting brackets directly to the rack posts (Figure 2-3).
Figure 2-3 Front-Mounted Router—Telco Rack
In the center-mounted position, you secure a set of optional center-mount brackets to the rack posts. The chassis rack-mounting flanges are then secured to the center-mount brackets (Figure 2-4). The center-mounted position moves the center of gravity of the chassis closer to the vertical axis of the rack posts, which adds to the stability of the rack installation.
Figure 2-4 Center-Mounted Router—Telco Rack
To help maintain trouble-free operation, adhere to the following precautions when planning your rack installation:
•Ensure the site of the rack includes provisions for source AC or DC power, grounding, and network interface cables.
•Allow sufficient space to work around the rack during the installation. You need:
–At least 3 feet adjacent to the rack to move, align, and insert the chassis.
–At least 2 feet in front of the power shelf to insert power entry modules.
•Maintain at least 24 inches (61 cm) of clearance in front of and behind the chassis for maintenance after installation.
•To mount the router between two posts or rails, the usable aperture (the width between the inner edges of the two mounting flanges) must be at least 17.7 inches (45.0 cm).
•The height of the router is 37.0 inches (93.98 cm). Most racks accommodate two routers.
•When fully populated with cards, the router can weigh as much as 275 lb (124.74 kg). To maintain equipment rack stability and to ensure your safety, the rack is provided with stabilizing devices. Make sure you install the stabilizers before installing the router.
•If you use a telco-style rack, the weight of the chassis is cantilevered off of the two rack posts. Make sure that:
–The weight of the router does not make the frame unstable.
–The frame is bolted to the floor and is secured to the building structure using either wall brackets or overhead brackets.
•When mounting the router in a telco-type rack or 4-post rack, be sure to use all of the screws provided to secure the chassis to the rack posts.
•Install the cable-management brackets included with the router to keep cables organized. Be sure to:
–Use appropriate strain-relief methods to protect cables and equipment connections.
–Make sure that cables from other equipment installed in the rack do not restrict access to the card cages.
•To avoid noise interference in network interface cables, do not route them directly across or along power cables.
Figure 2-5 shows the footprint and outer dimensions of the of the router chassis.
Figure 2-5 Router Chassis Footprint and Dimensions—Top View
Cool air is circulated through the router by the blower module located at the top of the chassis. The blower module maintains acceptable operating temperatures for the internal components by drawing in cool air through the air filter in front of the switch fabric and alarm card cage, and circulating the air through both card cages (Figure 2-6). Each power supply is also equipped with a fan that draws cooler air into the front of the power supply and forces warmer air out of the back of the chassis.
Figure 2-6 Air Flow Path through the Router—Side View
When selecting a site to install the router, observe the following guidelines:
•Dust free area—The site should be as dust free as possible. Dusty environments can clog the air filter or power supply intake vents, reducing the cooling air flow through the router. Clogged filters and vents can cause an overtemperature condition in the router.
•Unrestricted air flow—Allow sufficient air flow by maintaining a minimum of 6 inches (15.24 cm) of clearance at both the inlet and exhaust openings on the chassis and the power modules. If the air flow is blocked or restricted, or if the inlet air is too warm, an overtemperature condition can occur within the router. Under extreme conditions, the environmental monitoring system powers off the router to protect the components.
The operating and nonoperating environmental site requirements are listed in Table A-4 on page A-5. The router normally operates within the ranges listed in Table A-4, however, if a temperature measurement is approaching a minimum or maximum parameter it indicates a potential problem. Maintain normal operation by anticipating and correcting environmental anomalies before they approach critical values by properly planning and preparing your site before you install the router.
You can configure the router with either an AC-input or DC-input power subsystem, so the site power source requirements differ depending on the power subsystem in your router. Ensure all power connection wiring conforms to the rules and regulations in the National Electrical Code (NEC), as well as local codes.
AC PEMs operate in the nominal range of 200 VAC to 240 VAC and require a minimum service of:
•20 A for operation in North America
•16 A for international operation
•13 A for operation in the UK
Each of the AC power inputs requires separate dedicated branch circuit. For a list of the nominal and acceptable value ranges for source AC power, refer to Table A-2 on page A-3.
Figure 2-7 shows the different styles of AC power cords used to connect to the local AC power source that are available for North America and various locales.
Figure 2-7 AC Power Cord Plugs and Appliance Coupler
Table 2-1 lists power cord options. All AC-input power supply power cords measure 14 feet (4.3 m).
Connections to DC PEMs are rated at 60 A maximum. A dedicated, commensurately rated DC power source is required for each PEM connection.
For DC power cables, we recommend that you use a commensurately rated, high-strand-count copper wire cable. Connection to the DC power distribution unit (PDU) requires one earth ground cable and two cable leads; a source DC (-) and source DC return (+) for each PDU (2 PDUs x 3 = 6 cables).
The length of the cables depends on your router location from the source power.
Note DC power cables are not available from Cisco, but are available from any commercial cable vendor.
You must terminate DC power cables using cable lugs at the power shelf end.Ensure the lugs are dual-hole and that they fit over M6 terminal studs at 0.625-inch (15.88-mm) centers (for example, Panduit Part Number LCD8-14A-L or equivalent).
Figure 2-8 shows the type of lug required for DC-input cable connections.
Figure 2-8 DC Power Cable Lug
Figure 2-9 shows a typical source DC power distribution scheme for a 2800 W DC PDU.
Figure 2-9 Typical Source DC Power Cabling Scheme—2800W PDU
The color coding of source DC power cable leads depends on the color coding of the site DC power source. Because there is no color code standard for source DC wiring, be sure that power source cables are connected to the PDU using the proper positive (+) and negative (-) polarity:
•In some cases, the source DC cable leads might have a positive (+) or a negative (-) label. This is a relatively safe indication of the polarity, but you must verify the polarity by measuring the voltage between the DC cable leads. Be sure that the positive (+) and negative (-) cable leads match the positive (+) and negative (-) labels on the PDU when making the measurement.
•A green (or green and yellow) cable typically indicate that it is a ground cable.
For a list of the nominal and acceptable value ranges for source DC power, refer to Table A-3 on page A-3.
Although the router chassis requires a safety earth ground connection as part of the power cabling to PDUs, we also recommend that you connect the central office ground system or interior equipment grounding system to the supplemental bonding and grounding connections on the back of the router chassis (Figure 2-10). This grounding point is also referred to as the network equipment building system (NEBS) bonding and grounding studs.
Note These bonding and grounding connections satisfy the Telcordia NEBS requirements for supplemental bonding and grounding connections. If you are not installing the router in a NEBS environment, you can choose to bypass these guidelines and rely on the safety earth ground connections to the AC and DC PDUs.
Figure 2-10 NEBS Bonding and Grounding Studs
To ensure a satisfactory supplemental ground connection to the router, use the following parts:
Note These parts are not available from Cisco, but are available from commercial vendors.
•One grounding lug, which have two M6 bolt holes with 0.625 to 0.75-inch (15.86 to 19.05-mm) spacing between them, and a wire receptacle large enough to accept a 6-AWG or larger, multistrand copper wire. This lug is similar to those used for the DC-input power supply leads (see Figure 2-8).
•Two M6 hex-head nuts and locking washers (nickel-plated brass is ideal).
•One grounding wires. Although we recommends at least 6-AWG multistrand copper wire, the wire diameter and length depend on your router location and site environment.
When planning the location of the router, consider distance limitations for signaling, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and connector compatibility. If the wiring is run for any significant distance in an electromagnetic field, interference can occur between the field and the signals on the wires. Poor wiring can cause:
•Radio interference emanating from the wires.
•Strong EMI, especially when caused by lightning or radio transmitters. EMI can destroy the signal drivers and receivers in the router, and can even create an electrical hazard by conducting power surges through lines and into equipment.
Note To predict and remedy strong EMI, you may need to consult with experts in radio frequency interference (RFI).
Site wiring is unlikely to emit radio interference if you use twisted-pair cable with a good distribution of grounding conductors. Use a high-quality twisted-pair cable with one ground conductor for each data signal, when applicable.
Give special consideration to the effect of a lightning strike in your vicinity, especially if the wiring exceeds the recommended distances, or if it passes between buildings. The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) caused by lightning or other high-energy phenomena can easily induce enough energy into unshielded conductors to destroy electronic devices. If you have experienced EMP problems in the past, you may want to consult experts in electrical surge suppression and shielding.
Most data centers cannot resolve infrequent but potentially catastrophic problems without pulse meters and other special equipment. In addition, these problems can take a great deal of time to identify and resolve. We recommend that you take the necessary precautions to avoid these problems by providing a properly grounded and shielded environment, with special attention to issues of electrical surge suppression.
This section contains detailed cabling and signal information for all interface and port connections to the PRP. It also provides information for Ethernet routing and equipment.
The PRP has two RJ-45 connection ports:
•Auxiliary port— DTE RJ-45 interface for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a CSU/DSU or another router) to the PRP.
•Console port—DCE RJ-45 interface for connecting a data terminal device to the router, which you need to perform the initial configuration of the router.
Note The auxiliary and console ports are asynchronous serial ports. Ensure that devices connected to these ports are capable of asynchronous transmission.
Figure 2-11 shows the auxiliary and console port connections from the PRP to the associated devices.
Figure 2-11 PRP Auxiliary and Console Port Connections
|
Modem |
|
Auxiliary port |
|
Console terminal |
|
Console port |
|
RJ-45 cables |
The PRP auxiliary port is a DTE, RJ-45 interface for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a CSU/DSU or another router) to the PRP. The auxiliary port supports hardware flow control and modem control.
Table 2-2 lists the signals used on the auxiliary port.
The PRP console port is a DCE RJ-45 interface for connecting a terminal to the router. The console port does not support modem control or hardware flow control and requires a straight-through RJ-45 cable.
Before connecting a terminal to the console port, check the terminal setting for the data transmission rate, in bits per second (bps). The terminal transmission rate setting must match the default rate of the PRP console port, which is 9600 bps. Set the terminal to these operational values: 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits (9600 8N2).
Table 2-3 lists the signals used on the console port.
|
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|
11 |
— |
— |
— |
2 |
DTR |
Output |
Data terminal ready |
3 |
TxD |
Output |
Transmit data |
4 |
GND |
— |
Signal ground |
5 |
GND |
— |
Signal ground |
6 |
RxD |
Input |
Receive data |
7 |
DSR |
Input |
Data set ready |
81 |
— |
— |
— |
1 These pins are not connected. |
The PRP has two RJ-45 MDI Ethernet ports; ETH0 and ETH1 (Figure 2-12).
Figure 2-12 PRP Ethernet Connections
These connections support IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3u interfaces compliant with 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX standards. The transmission speed of the Ethernet ports is "autosensing" by default and is user configurable.
The PRP Ethernet port does not provide external routing functions. Its primary roles are to act as a Telnet port into the router, and to boot or access Cisco software images over a network to which the PRP Ethernet port is directly connected.
Figure 2-13 shows:
•You cannot access Network 2.0.0.0 from Ethernet port (E0) on the PRP in Router A. You can only access Host A, Host B, and Router C, which are in Network 1.0.0.0 (see dotted-line arrows).
•To access Network 2.0.0.0 from Router A, you must use an interface port on one of the line cards (a POS line card in this example) in Router A. Data from Router A is routed through Router B and Router C, to reach Network 2.0.0.0 (see solid-line arrows).
Figure 2-13 Using the Ethernet Port on the PRP
The RJ-45 Ethernet connection does not require an external transceiver. Figure 2-14 shows the pin orientation of the RJ-45 Ethernet port and the modular cable plug it accepts.
Figure 2-14 RJ-45 Receptacle and Plug
Table 2-4 lists the RJ-45 pin signals used on the connector.
When connecting the RJ-45 port to a hub or repeater, use the straight-through cable pinout shown in Figure 2-15.
Figure 2-15 Straight-Through Cable Pinout to Hub or Repeater
When connecting two PRPs back-to-back, use the crossover cable pinout shown in Figure 2-16.
Figure 2-16 Crossover Cable Pinout Between PRPs
Table 2-5 lists the cabling specifications for 100-Mbps transmission over unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cables.
Note The transmission speed of the Ethernet ports is autosensing by default and is user-configurable.
|
|
---|---|
Cable specification |
|
Cable length (max) |
— |
Segment length (max) |
328 feet (100 m) for 100BASE-TX |
Network length (max) |
656 feet (200 m)3 with 1 repeater |
1 EIA/TIA-568 or EIA-TIA-568 TSB-36 compliant. Not supplied by Cisco. 2 AWG = American Wire Gauge. This gauge is specified by the EIA/TIA-568 standard. 3 Specifically the length between any two stations on a repeated segment. |
Table 2-6 lists IEEE 802.3u physical characteristics for 100BASE-TX.
The router alarm system consists of the following cards:
•Two alarm cards—Installed in the switch fabric and alarm card cage. They do not have any indicators, connectors, or switches.
•One alarm display card—Mounted on the front of the router chassis, just above the horizontal cable management tray.
The alarm display card has two 25-pin D-subconnectors (ALARM A and ALARM B) on the front panel that connect the router to an external site alarm maintenance system (Figure 2-17). When a critical, major, or minor alarm is generated, it energizes the alarm relays on the alarm card to activate the external site alarm.
Figure 2-17 Alarm Display Card Front Panel
The alarm relay contacts on the alarm card consist of standard common, normally open, and normally closed relay contacts that are wired to the pins on the connectors.
Note To comply with the intrabuilding lightning surge requirements of GR-1089-CORE, Issue II, Revision 01, February 1999, you must use a shielded cable when connecting to the external alarm ports on the alarm card. The shielded cable is terminated by shielded connectors on both ends, with the cable shield material tied to both connectors.
Table 2-7 lists the pin-to-signal correspondence between the cable connector pins and the alarm card relay contacts.