OSPF, NAT 및 Cisco IOS 방화벽에서 GRE Over IPsec을 사용하여 동적 멀티포인트 VPN 구성
소개
이 문서에서는 OSPF(Open Shortest Path First), NAT(Network Address Translation) 및 Cisco IOS® Firewall이 있는 IPsec을 통한 GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation) 사용 DMVPN(Dynamic Multipoint VPN)의 샘플 컨피그레이션을 제공합니다.
사전 요구 사항
요구 사항
mGRE(Multipoint GRE) 및 IPsec 터널을 설정하려면 먼저 crypto isakmp policy 명령을 사용하여 IKE(Internet Key Exchange) 정책을 정의해야 합니다.
참고: 명령 조회 도구(등록된 고객만 해당)를 사용하여 이 섹션에 사용된 명령에 대한 자세한 내용을 확인하십시오.
사용되는 구성 요소
이 문서의 정보는 다음 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어 버전을 기반으로 합니다.
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허브 라우터의 Cisco IOS® Software Release 12.2(15)T1 및 스포크 라우터의 Cisco IOS Software Release 12.3(1.6)
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허브 라우터로 Cisco 3620, Cisco 1720 라우터 2개 및 스포크 라우터로 Cisco 3620 라우터 1개
이 문서의 정보는 특정 랩 환경의 디바이스를 토대로 작성되었습니다.이 문서에 사용된 모든 디바이스는 초기화된(기본) 컨피그레이션으로 시작되었습니다.현재 네트워크가 작동 중인 경우, 모든 명령어의 잠재적인 영향을 미리 숙지하시기 바랍니다.
표기 규칙
문서 규칙에 대한 자세한 내용은 Cisco 기술 팁 규칙을 참조하십시오.
구성
이 섹션에는 이 문서에서 설명하는 기능을 구성하기 위한 정보가 표시됩니다.
참고: 명령 조회 도구(등록된 고객만 해당)를 사용하여 이 섹션에 사용된 명령에 대한 자세한 내용을 확인하십시오.
네트워크 다이어그램
이 문서에서는 이 네트워크 설정을 사용합니다.
구성
이 문서에서는 이러한 구성을 사용합니다.
| 허브 - 3620-B |
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W2N-6.16-3620-B#write terminal Building configuration... Current configuration : 2613 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname W2N-6.16-3620-B ! logging queue-limit 100 ! memory-size iomem 10 ip subnet-zero ! ! ip cef no ip domain lookup ! !--- This is the Cisco IOS Firewall configuration and what to inspect. !--- This is applied outbound on the external interface. ip inspect name in2out rcmd ip inspect name in2out ftp ip inspect name in2out tftp ip inspect name in2out tcp timeout 43200 ip inspect name in2out http ip inspect name in2out udp ip audit po max-events 100 ! ! ! !--- Create an Internet Security Association and Key Management !--- Protocol (ISAKMP) policy for Phase 1 negotiations. crypto isakmp policy 5 authentication pre-share group 2 !--- Add dynamic pre-shared key. crypto isakmp key dmvpnkey address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 crypto isakmp nat keepalive 20 ! ! !--- Create the Phase 2 policy for actual data encryption. crypto ipsec transform-set dmvpnset esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! !--- Create an IPsec profile to be applied dynamically !--- to the GRE over IPsec tunnels. crypto ipsec profile dmvpnprof set transform-set dmvpnset ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! no voice hpi capture buffer no voice hpi capture destination ! ! mta receive maximum-recipients 0 ! ! ! !--- This is the inbound interface. interface Loopback1 ip address 192.168.117.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ! !--- Create a GRE tunnel template to be applied !--- to all the dynamically created GRE tunnels. interface Tunnel1 description MULTI-POINT GRE TUNNEL for BRANCHES bandwidth 1000 ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects ip mtu 1416 ip nhrp authentication dmvpn ip nhrp map multicast dynamic ip nhrp network-id 99 ip nhrp holdtime 300 no ip route-cache ip ospf network broadcast no ip mroute-cache delay 1000 tunnel source FastEthernet0/0 tunnel mode gre multipoint tunnel key 100000 tunnel protection ipsec profile dmvpnprof ! !--- This is the outbound interface. interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 14.24.117.1 255.255.0.0 ip nat outside ip access-group 100 in ip inspect in2out out no ip mroute-cache duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address shutdown clockrate 2000000 no fair-queue ! interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address no ip mroute-cache duplex auto speed auto ! !--- Enable a routing protocol to send/receive dynamic !--- updates about the private networks. router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0/0 overload ip http server no ip http secure-server ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.24.1.1 ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 14.24.121.1 ! ! ! !--- Allow ISAKMP, ESP, and GRE traffic inbound. !--- Cisco IOS Firewall opens other inbound access as needed. access-list 100 permit udp any host 14.24.117.1 eq 500 access-list 100 premit esp any host 14.24.117.1 access-list 100 permit gre any host 14.24.117.1 access-list 100 deny ip any any !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 any ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! call rsvp-sync ! ! mgcp profile default ! dial-peer cor custom ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end W2N-6.16-3620-B# |
| 스포크 1 - 3620-A |
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W2N-6.16-3620-A#write terminal Building configuration... Current configuration : 2678 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname W2N-6.16-3620-A ! boot system flash slot0:c3620-ik9o3s7-mz.122-15.T1.bin logging queue-limit 100 ! memory-size iomem 15 ip subnet-zero ! ! ip cef no ip domain lookup ! !--- This is the Cisco IOS Firewall configuration and what to inspect. !--- This is applied outbound on the external interface. ip inspect name in2out rcmd ip inspect name in2out tftp ip inspect name in2out udp ip inspect name in2out tcp timeout 43200 ip inspect name in2out realaudio ip inspect name in2out vdolive ip inspect name in2out netshow ip audit po max-events 100 ! ! ! !--- Create an ISAKMP policy for !--- Phase 1 negotiations. crypto isakmp policy 5 authentication pre-share group 2 !--- Add dynamic pre-shared key. crypto isakmp key dmvpnkey address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ! ! !--- Create the Phase 2 policy for actual data encryption. crypto ipsec transform-set dmvpnset esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! !--- Create an IPsec profile to be applied dynamically !--- to the GRE over IPsec tunnels. crypto ipsec profile dmvpnprof set transform-set dmvpnset ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! no voice hpi capture buffer no voice hpi capture destination ! ! mta receive maximum-recipients 0 ! ! ! !--- This is the inbound interface. interface Loopback1 ip address 192.168.118.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ! !--- Create a GRE tunnel template to be applied to !--- all the dynamically created GRE tunnels. interface Tunnel1 description HOST DYNAMIC TUNNEL bandwidth 1000 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects ip mtu 1416 ip nhrp authentication dmvpn ip nhrp map multicast dynamic ip nhrp map 172.16.0.1 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp map multicast 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp network-id 99 ip nhrp holdtime 300 ip nhrp nhs 172.16.0.1 no ip route-cache ip ospf network broadcast no ip mroute-cache delay 1000 tunnel source Ethernet0/0 tunnel mode gre multipoint tunnel key 100000 tunnel protection ipsec profile dmvpnprof ! !--- This is the outbound interface. interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 14.24.118.1 255.255.0.0 ip nat outside ip access-group 100 in ip inspect in2out out no ip mroute-cache half-duplex ! interface Ethernet0/1 no ip address half-duplex ! interface Ethernet0/2 no ip address shutdown half-duplex ! interface Ethernet0/3 no ip address shutdown half-duplex ! !--- Enable a routing protocol to send/receive dynamic !--- updates about the private networks. router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface Ethernet0/0 overload ip http server no ip http secure-server ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.24.1.1 ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 14.24.121.1 ! ! ! !--- Allow ISAKMP, ESP, and GRE traffic inbound. !--- Cisco IOS Firewall opens inbound access as needed. access-list 100 permit udp any host 14.24.118.1 eq 500 access-list 100 premit esp any host 14.24.118.1 access-list 100 permit gre any host 14.24.118.1 access-list 100 deny ip any any !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 any ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! call rsvp-sync ! ! mgcp profile default ! dial-peer cor custom ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end W2N-6.16-3620-A# |
| 스포크 2 - 1720-b |
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1720-b#write terminal Building configuration... Current configuration : 2623 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname 1720-b ! logging queue-limit 100 enable password cisco ! username 7206-B password 0 cisco ip subnet-zero ! ! no ip domain lookup ! ip cef !--- This is the Cisco IOS Firewall configuration and what to inspect. !--- This is applied outbound on the external interface. ip inspect name in2out rcmd ip inspect name in2out tftp ip inspect name in2out udp ip inspect name in2out tcp timeout 43200 ip inspect name in2out realaudio ip inspect name in2out vdolive ip inspect name in2out netshow ip audit po max-events 100 vpdn-group 1 request-dialin protocol pppoe ! ! ! ! ! !--- Create an ISAKMP policy for !--- Phase 1 negotiations. crypto isakmp policy 5 authentication pre-share group 2 !--- Add dynamic pre-shared key. crypto isakmp key dmvpnkey address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ! ! !--- Create the Phase 2 policy for actual data encryption. crypto ipsec transform-set dmvpnset esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! !--- Create an IPsec profile to be applied dynamically !--- to the GRE over IPsec tunnels. crypto ipsec profile dmvpnprof set transform-set dmvpnset ! ! ! ! ! !--- This is the inbound interface. interface Loopback1 ip address 192.168.116.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ! !--- Create a GRE tunnel template to be applied to !--- all the dynamically created GRE tunnels. interface Tunnel1 description HOST DYNAMIC TUNNEL bandwidth 1000 ip address 172.16.0.3 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects ip mtu 1416 ip nhrp authentication dmvpn ip nhrp map multicast dynamic ip nhrp map 172.16.0.1 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp map multicast 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp network-id 99 ip nhrp holdtime 300 ip nhrp nhs 172.16.0.1 no ip route-cache ip ospf network broadcast no ip mroute-cache delay 1000 tunnel source Dialer1 tunnel mode gre multipoint tunnel key 100000 tunnel protection ipsec profile dmvpnprof ! interface Ethernet0 no ip address half-duplex ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address no ip mroute-cache speed auto pppoe enable pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1 ! !--- This is the outbound interface. interface Dialer1 ip address 2.2.2.10 255.255.255.0 ip inspect in2out out ip access-group 100 in encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 dialer-group 1 ppp authentication pap chap callin ! !--- Enable a routing protocol to send/receive dynamic !--- updates about the private networks. router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface Dialer1 overload ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.24.1.1 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1 no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! !--- Allow ISAKMP, ESP, and GRE traffic inbound. !--- Cisco IOS Firewall opens inbound access as needed. access-list 100 permit udp any host 14.24.116.1 eq 500 access-list 100 premit esp any host 14.24.116.1 access-list 100 permit gre any host 14.24.116.1 access-list 100 deny ip any any !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 any dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! no scheduler allocate end 1720-b# |
| 스포크 3 - 1720-A |
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W2N-6.16-1720-A#write terminal Building configuration... Current configuration : 2303 bytes ! version 12.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname W2N-6.16-1720-A ! logging queue-limit 100 ! memory-size iomem 25 ip subnet-zero ! ! no ip domain lookup ! ip cef !--- This is the Cisco IOS Firewall configuration and what to inspect. !--- This is applied outbound on the external interface. ip inspect name in2out rcmd ip inspect name in2out tftp ip inspect name in2out udp ip inspect name in2out tcp timeout 43200 ip inspect name in2out realaudio ip inspect name in2out vdolive ip inspect name in2out netshow ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 ! ! ! ! !--- Create an ISAKMP policy for !--- Phase 1 negotiations. crypto isakmp policy 5 authentication pre-share group 2 !--- Add dynamic pre-shared key. crypto isakmp key dmvpnkey address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ! ! !--- Create the Phase 2 policy for actual data encryption. crypto ipsec transform-set dmvpnset esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! !--- Create an IPsec profile to be applied dynamically !--- to the GRE over IPsec tunnels. crypto ipsec profile dmvpnprof set transform-set dmvpnset ! ! ! ! ! !--- This is the inbound interface. interface Loopback1 ip address 192.168.120.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ! !--- Create a GRE tunnel template to be applied to !--- all the dynamically created GRE tunnels. interface Tunnel1 description HOST DYNAMIC TUNNEL bandwidth 1000 ip address 172.16.0.4 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects ip mtu 1416 ip nhrp authentication dmvpn ip nhrp map multicast dynamic ip nhrp map 172.16.0.1 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp map multicast 14.24.117.1 ip nhrp network-id 99 ip nhrp holdtime 300 ip nhrp nhs 172.16.0.1 ip ospf network broadcast no ip mroute-cache delay 1000 tunnel source FastEthernet0 tunnel mode gre multipoint tunnel key 100000 tunnel protection ipsec profile dmvpnprof ! interface Ethernet0 no ip address no ip mroute-cache half-duplex ! !--- This is the outbound interface. interface FastEthernet0 ip address 14.24.120.1 255.255.0.0 ip nat outside ip inspect in2out out ip access-group 100 in no ip mroute-cache speed auto ! !--- Enable a routing protocol to send/receive dynamic !--- updates about the private networks. router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute connected network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat interface FastEthernet0 overload ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.24.1.1 ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 14.24.121.1 no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! !--- Allow ISAKMP, ESP, and GRE traffic inbound. !--- Cisco IOS Firewall opens inbound access as needed. access-list 100 permit udp any host 14.24.116.1 eq 500 access-list 100 premit esp any host 14.24.116.1 access-list 100 permit gre any host 14.24.116.1 access-list 100 deny ip any any access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 any !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.116.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.117.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 deny ip 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.118.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 110 permit ip 192.168.120.0 0.0.0.255 any ! !--- Except the private network traffic from the NAT process. route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 110 ! ! line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! end W2N-6.16-1720-A# |
다음을 확인합니다.
이 섹션을 사용하여 컨피그레이션이 제대로 작동하는지 확인합니다.
Output Interpreter 도구(등록된 고객만 해당)(OIT)는 특정 show 명령을 지원합니다.OIT를 사용하여 show 명령 출력의 분석을 봅니다.
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show crypto isakmp sa - ISAKMP SA(Security Association)의 상태를 표시합니다.
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show crypto engine connections active(암호화 엔진 연결 활성 표시) - SA당 총 암호화/해독 횟수를 표시합니다.
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show crypto ipsec sa - 활성 터널의 통계를 표시합니다.
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show ip route - 라우팅 테이블을 표시합니다.
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show ip ospf neighbor - 인터페이스별로 OSPF 네이버 정보를 표시합니다.
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show ip nhrp - 특정 인터페이스에 대한 동적 또는 정적 캐시 엔트리로 선택적으로 제한된 IP NHRP(Next Hop Resolution Protocol) 캐시를 표시합니다.
문제 해결
이 섹션에서는 컨피그레이션 문제를 해결하는 데 사용할 수 있는 정보를 제공합니다.
문제 해결 명령
참고: 디버그 명령을 실행하기 전에 디버그 명령에 대한 중요 정보를 참조하십시오.
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debug crypto ipsec - IPsec 이벤트를 표시합니다.
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debug crypto isakmp - IKE 이벤트에 대한 메시지를 표시합니다.
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debug crypto engine - 암호화 엔진의 정보를 표시합니다.
IPsec 문제 해결에 대한 자세한 내용은 IP Security Troubleshooting - Understanding and Using debug 명령을 참조하십시오.
피드백