Catalyst 8000에서 멀티캐스트 서비스 리플렉션 구성 및 문제 해결

업데이트:2023년 10월 20일
문서 ID:221125

편견 없는 언어

본 제품에 대한 문서 세트는 편견 없는 언어를 사용하기 위해 노력합니다. 본 설명서 세트의 목적상, 편견 없는 언어는 나이, 장애, 성별, 인종 정체성, 민족 정체성, 성적 지향성, 사회 경제적 지위 및 교차성에 기초한 차별을 의미하지 않는 언어로 정의됩니다. 제품 소프트웨어의 사용자 인터페이스에서 하드코딩된 언어, RFP 설명서에 기초한 언어 또는 참조된 서드파티 제품에서 사용하는 언어로 인해 설명서에 예외가 있을 수 있습니다. 시스코에서 어떤 방식으로 포용적인 언어를 사용하고 있는지 자세히 알아보세요.

이 번역에 관하여

Cisco는 전 세계 사용자에게 다양한 언어로 지원 콘텐츠를 제공하기 위해 기계 번역 기술과 수작업 번역을 병행하여 이 문서를 번역했습니다. 아무리 품질이 높은 기계 번역이라도 전문 번역가의 번역 결과물만큼 정확하지는 않습니다. Cisco Systems, Inc.는 이 같은 번역에 대해 어떠한 책임도 지지 않으며 항상 원본 영문 문서(링크 제공됨)를 참조할 것을 권장합니다.

    소개

    이 문서에서는 Catalyst 8000의 멀티캐스트 서비스 반사 기능 문제 해결 프로세스에 대해 설명합니다. 

    사전 요구 사항

    요구 사항

    다음 주제에 대한 지식을 보유하고 있으면 유용합니다.

    • 기본 멀티캐스트 라우팅에 대한 지식
    • Cisco IOS® XE 명령행에 대한 지식

    사용되는 구성 요소

    이 문서의 정보는 다음 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어 버전을 기반으로 합니다.

    • Router Catalyst 8500
    • Cisco IOS XE 17.9.4

    이 문서의 정보는 특정 랩 환경의 디바이스를 토대로 작성되었습니다. 이 문서에 사용된 모든 디바이스는 초기화된(기본) 컨피그레이션으로 시작되었습니다. 현재 네트워크가 작동 중인 경우 모든 명령의 잠재적인 영향을 미리 숙지하시기 바랍니다.

    배경 정보

    이 문서의 목적은 Cisco Catalyst 8000에서 Multicast-to-Multicast 대상 변환 시나리오를 검증하기 위한 Multicast Service Reflection 기능의 기본 컨피그레이션 및 문제 해결 방법을 시연하는 것입니다. 

    멀티캐스트 서비스 반영은 특정 멀티캐스트 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 네트워크 내의 다양한 지점에 구축할 수 있는 다양한 기능입니다. 멀티캐스트 서비스의 효율성 및 신뢰성을 향상시킵니다. 에서 복잡한 네트워크 환경에서는 사용자가 수신한 멀티캐스트 또는 유니캐스트 대상 주소를 내부 주소 지정 정책에 맞는 멀티캐스트 또는 유니캐스트 주소로 변환할 수 있습니다.

    Multicast Service Reflection은 두 가지 모두를 근원 및 대상 주소 에서 IPv4 헤더. 미리 정의된 컨피그레이션에 따라 변환해야 하는 멀티캐스트 트래픽 스트림(특정 멀티캐스트 그룹 및 소스와 연결됨)을 식별하고, 트래픽이 반사 지점에 도달하면 변환을 수행하는 라우터가 이러한 패킷을 선택적으로 반사합니다.

    이 기능의 핵심 구성 요소 중 하나는 Vif(Virtual Interface)입니다. 이 Vif 인터페이스는 반영해야 하는 그룹에 정적으로 가입할 수 있는 논리적 인터페이스입니다 에서 멀티캐스트 트리를 빌드합니다. 즉, 이 Vif 인터페이스는 멀티캐스트 수신기 역할을 합니다 대상: 원래 스트림과 트래픽이 Vif 인터페이스로 전달되면 패킷이 반영되고 소스/목적지 주소가 새로운 원하는 IPv4 주소로 변환됩니다.

    note-icon

    참고: 이 기능을 구현하려면 라우터에 최소한 network-advantage 라이센스가 설치되어 있어야 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 Vif 인터페이스를 구성하려고 할 때 오류가 표시됩니다.

    토폴로지

    Topology Diagram토폴로지 다이어그램

    설정

    이 설정에서 멀티캐스트 라우팅 기능을 구성하려면 경로 전체에서 활성화해야 하며 멀티캐스트 소스와 수신기 간의 기본 IPv4 연결도 필요합니다. 이 시나리오에서는 Catalyst 9K 스위치(C9000)가 FHR(First Hop Router) 역할을 하고, Catalyst 8K 라우터(C8000)가 Multicast Service Reflector이며 다른 멀티캐스트 그룹에 대한 RP(Rendezvous Point)이며 ASR1K 라우터(ASR1000)가 수신기가 연결된 LHR(Last Hop Router)입니다. 이 예에서는 eBGP(external Border Gateway Protocol)가 이러한 디바이스를 상호 연결하는 데 사용되지만, 특정 라우팅 프로토콜을 구현할 필요는 없습니다. 

    note-icon

    참고: 이 예에서는 다양한 멀티캐스트 스트림에 대해 하나의 RP만 사용합니다. 멀티캐스트 도메인에 서로 다른 RP가 사용되는 시나리오에 대한 자세한 내용은 IP Multicast Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE 17.x의 Configuration Examples for Multicast Service Reflection 섹션을 참조하십시오

    FHR(C9000)

    FHR에서 컨피그레이션을 시작하려면 멀티캐스트 라우팅을 활성화하고, RP IPv4 주소를 추가하고, 멀티캐스트 소스 및 Multicast Service Reflector 라우터(C8000)에 연결된 인터페이스에서 PIM-SM(Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode)을 구성합니다. 

    C9000#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing class-map match-any system-cpp-police-multicast-end-station class-map match-any system-cpp-police-multicast ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1 
    C9000#show run interface Ten 1/0/6 Building configuration... Current configuration : 116 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6 no switchport ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode end C9000#show run interface Ten 1/0/3 Building configuration... Current configuration : 116 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 no switchport ip address 192.168.0.5 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode end

    C9000 스위치는 연결된 경로를 알리기 위해 C8000 라우터에 eBGP 인접성을 수행합니다.

    C9000#show run | section router bgp 
router bgp 65003
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 redistribute connected
 neighbor 192.168.0.6 remote-as 65001

    Multicast Service Reflector Router(C8000)

    Catalyst 8K 라우터에서 초기 컨피그레이션을 위해 멀티캐스트 라우팅을 활성화하려면 적절한 RP IPv4 주소를 추가하고 C9000 및 ASR1000 디바이스와 연결된 인터페이스 및 Loopback0 인터페이스에 PIM-SM을 구성합니다.

    Mcast_SR#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing distributed ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1

    Mcast_SR#show run interface Ten 0/0/2
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 156 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
 description to C9000
 ip address 192.168.0.6 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 no negotiation auto
 cdp enable
end

Mcast_SR#show run interface Ten 0/0/5
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 157 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
 description to ASR1000
 ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 no negotiation auto
 cdp enable
end

    Mcast_SR#show run interface loopback 0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 88 bytes
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.100.100.1 255.255.255.255
 ip pim sparse-mode
end

    이 라우터에는 두 개의 eBGP 인접 디바이스가 있습니다. 192.168.0.5 인접 디바이스는 멀티캐스트 소스에 도달하기 위해 접두사를 전송하는 C9000 스위치이고, 두 번째 인접 디바이스는 수신기에 도달하기 위해 사용되는 ASR1000 라우터입니다. 이 라우터는 로컬 Loopback0을 광고하며 Vif 서브넷도 광고합니다. 

    Mcast_SR#show run | section router bgp
router bgp 65001
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 10.100.100.1 mask 255.255.255.255 network 172.16.101.0 mask 255.255.255.252
 neighbor 172.16.0.2 remote-as 65002 neighbor 192.168.0.5 remote-as 65003

    이제 멀티캐스트 그룹을 239.5.5.5에서 239.55.55로 변환하는 데 도움이 되는 Vif 인터페이스를 구성해야 합니다. 이 논리적 인터페이스에는 IP 주소가 있어야 하며 이 서브넷을 라우팅 가능해야 합니다. 추가로 PIM-SM을 구성해야 합니다. 멀티캐스트 서비스 리플렉션 기능을 활성화하기 위해 명령 ip service reflect <interface_id> destination <destination_ip1>에서 <destination_ip2> mask-len <subnet_mask_length> source <source_ip>를 사용합니다. 여기서 interface_id는 원래 멀티캐스트 트래픽을 수신하는 인터페이스이고, destination_ip1은 변환해야 하는 원래 IPv4 주소(239.5.5.5)이며, destination_ip2 는 변환 후 예상되는 새로운 IPv4 주소(239.55.5.55.55)입니다. 마지막으로, 이 인터페이스를 원래 멀티캐스트 그룹의 고정적으로 연결된 멤버로 만들려면 명령 ip igmp static-group <group-address>가 필요합니다. 

    Mcast_SR#configure terminal 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Mcast_SR(config)#interface Vif1
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip address 172.16.101.1 255.255.255.252
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip pim sparse-mode
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip service reflect TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 destination 239.5.5.5 to 239.55.55.55 mask-len 32 source 172.16.101.2
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip igmp static-group 239.5.5.5
Mcast_SR(config-if)#end
    note-icon

    참고: 인터페이스 "Vif1"은 멀티캐스트 서비스 리플렉션 기능에 대한 기본 VRF(Virtual Route Forwarding)와 엄격하게 연결되어 있습니다. 이 인터페이스에 대해 다른 번호를 선택하면 "Vif1만 글로벌 테이블의 서비스 리플렉션에 사용할 수 있습니다."와 유사한 메시지가 콘솔에 표시될 수 있습니다.

    다음 출력에서는 컨피그레이션이 적용된 후 Vif 인터페이스를 보여줍니다. 인터페이스 작업이 UP/UP가 되고 show ip interface <interface> 명령의 도움으로 출력 기능이 SERVICE REFLECT임을 알 수 있습니다.  

    Mcast_SR#show run interface Vif1 
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 229 bytes
!
interface Vif1
 ip address 172.16.101.1 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 ip service reflect TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 destination 239.5.5.5 to 239.55.55.55 mask-len 32 source 172.16.101.2
 ip igmp static-group 239.5.5.5
end

    Mcast_SR#show ip interface vif1
Vif1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet address is 172.16.101.1/30
  Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
  Address determined by non-volatile memory
  MTU is 1514 bytes
  Helper address is not set
  Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
  Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.1 224.0.0.2 224.0.0.22 224.0.0.13
  Outgoing Common access list is not set 
  Outgoing access list is not set
  Inbound Common access list is not set 
  Inbound  access list is not set
  Proxy ARP is enabled
  Local Proxy ARP is disabled
  Security level is default
  Split horizon is enabled
  ICMP redirects are always sent
  ICMP unreachables are always sent
  ICMP mask replies are never sent
  IP fast switching is enabled
  IP Flow switching is disabled
  IP CEF switching is enabled
  IP CEF switching turbo vector
  IP Null turbo vector
  Associated unicast routing topologies:
        Topology "base", operation state is UP
  Associated multicast routing topologies:
        Topology "base", operation state is UP
  IP multicast fast switching is enabled
  IP multicast distributed fast switching is disabled
  IP route-cache flags are Fast, CEF
  Router Discovery is disabled
  IP output packet accounting is disabled
  IP access violation accounting is disabled
  TCP/IP header compression is disabled
  RTP/IP header compression is disabled
  Probe proxy name replies are disabled
  Policy routing is disabled
  Network address translation is disabled
  BGP Policy Mapping is disabled
  Input features: MCI Check
  Output features: SERVICE REFLECT
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect outbound is disabled
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect inbound is disabled
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect exclude is disabled
  IP Clear Dont Fragment is disabled  

    LHR(ASR1000)

    같은 방법으로 LHR에서 컨피그레이션을 수행하려면 Multicast Service Reflector 라우터에 연결된 인터페이스 및 수신자를 향하는 인터페이스에서 멀티캐스트 라우팅 및 PIM-SM을 활성화하고 RP IPv4 주소도 구성해야 합니다.

    ASR1000#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing distributed ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1 
    ASR1000#show run interface Ten 0/1/1 Building configuration... Current configuration : 133 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode no negotiation auto cdp enable end ASR1000#show run interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 Building configuration... Current configuration : 127 bytes ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode negotiation auto cdp enable end

    IP 연결을 위해 이 라우터는 BGP를 사용하여 연결된 접두사를 교환합니다.

    ASR1000#show run | section router bgp
router bgp 65002
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 redistribute connected
 neighbor 172.16.0.1 remote-as 65001

    초기 확인

    초기 확인으로 기본 IP 연결, 디바이스 간 경로 교환, PIM 상태 확인을 시작할 수 있습니다. 다음 출력은 Catalyst 9K에서 가져온 것으로 수신기(172.16.0.6), RP 루프백0(10.100.1) 및 Vif(172.16.101.1)에 설치된 경로를 보여줍니다. C8000 라우터와의 PIM 인접성이 있으며 RP 매핑이 10.100.100.1 주소도 가리키고 있음을 확인할 수도 있습니다.

    C9000#show ip route 172.16.0.6
Routing entry for 172.16.0.4/30
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4BA18 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 2
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 172.16.0.6
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.6, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

C9000#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4B8D8 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 10.100.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.100.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

C9000#show ip route 172.16.101.1 
Routing entry for 172.16.101.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d00h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d00h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4B8D8 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 172.16.101.1 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms 

C9000#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
192.168.0.6       TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3  2d22h/00:01:29    v2    1 / DR S P G

C9000#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
192.168.0.5      TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3  v2/S   1      30     1          192.168.0.6
192.168.0.1      TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6  v2/S   0      30     1          192.168.0.1

    C9000#show ip pim rp mapping 
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings

Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
    RP: 10.100.100.1 (?)

    Multicast Service Reflector는 두 주소 172.16.101.1(Vif) 및 10.100.100.1(Loopback0)을 모두 직접 연결된 것으로 표시하고 BGP를 통해 학습되는 소스 및 수신자에 대한 경로를 표시합니다.

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
  Advertised by bgp 65001
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * directly connected, via Loopback0
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 172.16.101.1
Routing entry for 172.16.101.1/32
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected)
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * directly connected, via Vif1
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1       

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 172.16.0.6
Routing entry for 172.16.0.4/30
  Known via "bgp 65001", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65002, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.2 5d20h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.2, from 172.16.0.2, 5d20h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F841CBD53D0 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65002
      MPLS label: none

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 192.168.0.2
Routing entry for 192.168.0.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65001", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65003, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.5 5d20h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.5, from 192.168.0.5, 5d20h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F841CBD5290 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65003
      MPLS label: none

    라우터 C8000은 PIM-SM(Vif 및 Loopback0 포함)으로 활성화된 4개의 인터페이스가 있는 2개의 PIM 네이버도 표시하고, 올바른 RP 매핑도 표시하며, 명령 show ip multicast를 사용하면 디바이스의 Multicast Service Reflect 기능을 확인할 수 있습니다.

    Mcast_SR#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
192.168.0.5 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 5d20h/00:01:34 v2 1 / S P G 172.16.0.2 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 5d20h/00:01:15 v2 1 / DR S P G

Mcast_SR#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
10.100.100.1     Loopback0                v2/S   0      30     1          10.100.100.1
192.168.0.6      TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2  v2/S   1      30     1          192.168.0.6
172.16.0.1       TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5  v2/S   1      30     1          172.16.0.2
172.16.101.1     Vif1                     v2/S   0      30     1          0.0.0.0

Mcast_SR#show ip pim rp mapping 
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings

Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
    RP: 10.100.100.1 (?)

    Mcast_SR#show ip multicast 
  Multicast Routing: enabled
  Multicast Multipath: disabled
  Multicast Route limit: No limit
  Multicast Fallback group mode: Sparse
  Number of multicast boundaries configured with filter-autorp option: 0
  MoFRR: Disabled
  Multicast Service-Reflect Capabilities: Multicast to Multicast Unicast to Multicast Multicast to Unicast

    LHR에서도 이와 유사한 검증이 완료됩니다. ASR1000 라우터에서 가져온 다음 출력은 변환된 멀티캐스트 소스 172.16.101.2(이 시점에서 멀티캐스트 스트림 패킷이 새 소스 및 대상 IPv4 헤더와 함께 수신된다는 점에 유의해야 함) 및 RP IPv4 주소 10.100.100.1에 대해 설치된 경로를 보여줍니다. LHR은 원래 멀티캐스트 소스 192.168.0.2에도 연결할 수 있지만, 이 시점에서는 토폴로지에서 Vif 서브넷(172.16.101.0/30)에 연결하는 것이 더 중요합니다.

    ASR1000#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855B80 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 10.100.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.100.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

ASR1000#show ip route 172.16.101.1 
Routing entry for 172.16.101.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 2d00h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 2d00h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855B80 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 172.16.101.1 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms 

ASR1000#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
172.16.0.1        TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1  2d22h/00:01:24    v2    1 / S P G

ASR1000#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
172.16.0.5       GigabitEthernet0/0/0     v2/S   0      30     1          172.16.0.5
172.16.0.2       TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1  v2/S   1      30     1          172.16.0.2

    ASR1000#show ip route 192.168.0.2
Routing entry for 192.168.0.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 5d21h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 5d21h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855E00 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 2
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 192.168.0.2 source 172.16.0.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.0.5 
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

    문제 해결

    멀티캐스트 소스가 그룹 239.5.5.5에 대한 스트림 전송을 시작하고 토폴로지의 여러 디바이스에서 debug ip pim을 활성화한 후 FHR이 멀티캐스트 소스 192.168.0.2를 RP에 등록하고 인터페이스 TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3을 OIL(Outgoing Interface List)에 추가하는지 확인할 수 있습니다. 

    C9000#
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Re-check RP 10.100.100.1 into the (*, 239.5.5.5) entry
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Building Triggered (*,G) Join / (S,G,RP-bit) Prune message for 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 192.168.0.6, to us
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit set
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Add TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3/192.168.0.6 to (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Forward state, by PIM SG Join
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]:  Join to 0.0.0.0 on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6 for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Ignored.
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 192.168.0.6, to us
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit set
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3/192.168.0.6 to (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Forward state, by PIM SG Join
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register-Stop on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 10.100.100.1 *Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: for source 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Clear Registering flag to 10.100.100.1 for (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5)
*Oct 16 16:23:11.997: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.6 (TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3)

    C9000#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 IP Multicast Routing Table Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected, L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag, T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet, X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement, U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP decap ref count contributor Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join t - LISP transit group Timers: Uptime/Expires Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode (*, 239.5.5.5), 00:24:22/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SPF Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3, RPF nbr 192.168.0.6 Outgoing interface list: Null (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), 00:24:22/00:03:11, flags: FT Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3, Forward/Sparse, 00:24:22/00:02:47, flags: 

    동시에 Multicast Service Reflector 라우터(두 그룹의 RP)는 S,G(192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5)에 대한 등록을 받고 이 그룹이 이전에 정의된 반사 규칙에 해당함을 즉시 탐지합니다. 그런 다음 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2를 239.5.5.5 스트림의 수신 인터페이스로 추가하고 나중에 새 S,G(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)를 자체에 등록합니다. 라우터는 239.55.55.55 스트림의 수신 인터페이스로 Vif1을 추가하고 debug 및 show ip mroute 명령 출력에 표시된 대로 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5(ASR1000에 연결)를 OIL에 배치합니다. 

    Mcast_SR#
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 from 192.168.0.5 *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: for 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5). *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR(0)[default]: Add 239.5.5.5 to all the SR rules *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR: Found Grp idx 553648130 for rule 239.5.5.5->239.55.55.55 *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR: Found Grp idx 553648130 for rule 239.5.5.5->239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Insert (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) join in nbr 192.168.0.5's queue
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Building Join/Prune packet for nbr 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]:  Adding v2 (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit Join
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.5 (TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2)
*Oct 16 15:46:12.929: PIM(0)[default]: Building Periodic (*,G) Join / (S,G,RP-bit) Prune message for 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:12.929: PIM(0)[default]: rp our address for group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.251: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 from 172.16.0.2, to us
*Oct 16 15:46:13.251: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (*, 239.55.55.55), RPT-bit set, WC-bit set, S-bit set
*Oct 16 15:46:13.252: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5/172.16.0.2 to (*, 239.55.55.55), Forward state, by PIM *G Join
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 from 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732:      for 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Installing TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 as accepting interface for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]:  Prune to 0.0.0.0 on  for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Ignored.
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55). *Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Installing Vif1 as accepting interface for (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Insert (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) join in nbr 192.168.0.5's queue
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Building Join/Prune packet for nbr 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]:  Adding v2 (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit Join
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.5 (TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2)
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on Vif1 from 10.100.100.1
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794:      for 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 Register-Stop to 10.100.100.1 for 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register-Stop on Loopback0 from 10.100.100.1
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]:   for source 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Clear Registering flag to 10.100.100.1 for (172.16.101.2/32, 239.55.55.55)
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 from 172.16.0.2, to us
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (172.16.101.2/32, 239.55.55.55), S-bit set
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5/172.16.0.2 to (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), Forward state, by PIM SG Join

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute IP Multicast Routing Table Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected, L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag, T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet, X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement, U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP decap ref count contributor Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join t - LISP transit group Timers: Uptime/Expires Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode (*, 239.5.5.5), 00:50:36/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJC Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: Vif1, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:36/00:00:23, flags: (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), 00:10:08/00:02:36, flags: T Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2, RPF nbr 192.168.0.5 Outgoing interface list: Vif1, Forward/Sparse, 00:10:08/00:01:51, flags: (*, 239.55.55.55), 00:50:21/00:03:11, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SF Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:21/00:03:11, flags: (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), 00:10:06/00:03:23, flags: FT Incoming interface: Vif1, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:10:06/00:03:16, flags: (*, 224.0.1.40), 00:50:36/00:03:28, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJCL Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:13/00:03:28, flags: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:28/00:03:10, flags: Loopback0, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:36/00:02:17, flags:  
    note-icon

    참고: 디버그 출력에서 사용 중인 멀티캐스트 서비스 리플렉션 규칙을 관찰할 수 있으려면 디버그 ip 멀티캐스트 서비스 리플렉션을 활성화해야 합니다. 이 특정 디버그는 Cisco IOS-XE 릴리스 17.9.1a에 도입되었습니다. 자세한 내용은 IP Multicast Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE 17.x의 Feature Information for Multicast Service Reflection 섹션을 참조하십시오

    이전 show ip mroute 출력에서 원래 멀티캐스트 그룹과 새 멀티캐스트 그룹 모두에 *,G 및 S,G 항목이 있음을 확인할 수 있습니다. 또한 show ip mroute <group> count 명령을 사용하면 각 멀티캐스트 스트림에 대해 수신 및 전달된 패킷을 알 수 있습니다. 이 출력은 증가 카운터를 확인하여 트래픽 전달을 식별하는 데 도움이 되므로 유용합니다.

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 count 
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.5.5.5, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4053, Packets received: 4056
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 11/0/100/0, Other: 12/1/0
  Source: 192.168.0.2/32, Forwarding: 4042/0/113/0, Other: 4044/2/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 count 
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.5.5.5, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4058, Packets received: 4061
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 11/0/100/0, Other: 12/1/0
  Source: 192.168.0.2/32, Forwarding: 4047/0/113/0, Other: 4049/2/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55 count
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.55.55.55, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4046, Packets received: 4046
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
  Source: 172.16.101.2/32, Forwarding: 4046/0/114/0, Other: 4046/0/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55 count
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.55.55.55, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4051, Packets received: 4051
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
  Source: 172.16.101.2/32, Forwarding: 4051/0/114/0, Other: 4051/0/0

    S,G 항목이 생성되지 않는 경우 멀티캐스트 패킷이 예상 인터페이스에서 수신되는지 여부를 확인해야 합니다. EPC(Embedded Packet Capture)를 사용하거나 패킷 추적을 사용하여 이러한 상황을 확인하는 몇 가지 옵션이 있습니다. 다음 출력에서는 C8000 라우터의 수신(Te0/0/2) 및 발신(Te0/0/5) 인터페이스에서 EPC를 가져왔습니다. 이 작업 시나리오에서는 원래 멀티캐스트 스트림 239.5.5.5가 들어오고 라우터를 이그레스(egress)하는 새 239.55.55 스트림을 관찰할 수 있습니다.

    Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr buffer size 10 match any interface tenGigabitEthernet 0/0/2 in      
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr start
Started capture point : msr
*Oct 16 17:59:06.986: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point msr enabled.
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr stop
Stopped capture point : msr
Mcast_SR#s
*Oct 16 17:59:25.699: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point msr disabled        
Mcast_SR#show monitor capture msr buffer brief
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0 114 0.000000 192.168.0.2 -> 239.5.5.5 0 BE ICMP
   1 114 2.000000 192.168.0.2 -> 239.5.5.5 0 BE ICMP
   2   68    2.979961   192.168.0.5      ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
   3  114    4.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   4  114    6.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   5  114    8.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   6  114   10.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   12.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   14.001007   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   16.001999   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   18.001007   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP


Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr buffer size 10 match any interface tenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 out      
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr start
Started capture point : msr
*Oct 16 18:07:26.846: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point msr enabled.
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr stop 
Stopped capture point : msr
*Oct 16 18:07:50.360: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point msr disabled.
Mcast_SR#show monitor capture msr buffer brief
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0   73    0.000000   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
  1 114 0.172040 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 2 114 2.173047 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   3  114    4.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   4  114    6.173047   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   5  114    8.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   6  114   10.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   12.173047   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   14.175046   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   16.176038   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   18.176038   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  11   46   19.318029   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.1        48 CS6  IGMP
  12  114   20.177045   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  13   72   20.629017   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
  14  114   22.178037   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  15  430   23.273033  90:77:EE:3C:80:05 -> 01:00:0C:CC:CC:CC   --    LLC

    239.5.5.5에서 확장 ACL(Access Control List) 필터링이 포함된 패킷 추적도 구현되었습니다. 다음 출력에서 패킷이 인터페이스 Te0/0/2에서 수신되고 초기에 소비되고 나중에 Vif1 인터페이스에 입력 패킷으로 사용될 수 있도록 내부적으로 복사된 다음 인터페이스 Te0/0/5를 통해 변환되어 전달되는 것을 관찰할 수 있습니다.  

    Mcast_SR#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Mcast_SR(config)#ip access-list extended original-mcast 
Mcast_SR(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip any host 239.5.5.5
Mcast_SR(config-ext-nacl)#end
Mcast_SR#
*Oct 16 18:31:49.187: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Mcast_SR#debug platform packet-trace packet 16
 Please remember to turn on 'debug platform condition start' for packet-trace to work
Mcast_SR#debug platform condition ipv4 access-list original-mcast ingress 
Mcast_SR#debug platform condition start
Mcast_SR#show platform packet-trace packet all
Packet: 0           CBUG ID: 0
Summary
  Input     : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
  Output    : 
    
    
      State : CONS Packet Consumed Silently Timestamp Start : 521286121898055 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.36879 UTC) Stop : 521286122522268 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37503 UTC) Path Trace Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
     
       Source : 192.168.0.2 Destination : 239.5.5.5 Protocol : 1 (ICMP) Packet: 1 CBUG ID: 0 Summary 
      Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
       
       State : CONS Packet Consumed Silently Timestamp Start : 521286121980895 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.36962 UTC) Stop : 521286122618968 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37600 UTC) 
       Path Trace Feature: PACKET_COPY Original packet number: 0 Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
        
         Source : 192.168.0.2 Destination : 239.5.5.5 Protocol : 1 (ICMP) Packet: 2 CBUG ID: 0 Summary 
         Input : Vif1 Output : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 
         State : FWD Timestamp Start : 521286122038938 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37020 UTC) Stop : 521286122694795 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37676 UTC) Path Trace Feature: PACKET_COPY Original packet number: 1 Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : Vif1 Output : 
         
          Source : 172.16.101.2 Destination : 239.55.55.55 Protocol : 1 (ICMP)

    Catalyst 8K에서 MRIB(Multicast Routing Information Base) 및 MFIB(Multicast Forwarding Information Base)도 확인해야 합니다. 하드웨어 설치(HW) 플래그와 하드웨어 포워딩 카운터가 증가하면서 RPF(Reverse Path Forwarding) 실패나 드롭이 거의 발생하지 않음을 확인합니다. 또한 ASR1000 라우터에 대한 이그레스 인터페이스(Te0/0/5)와 연결된 전달(F) 플래그에 유의하십시오.

    Mcast_SR#show ip mrib route                             
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
    C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept, D - Drop
    ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold,K - Keepalive,DDE - Data Driven Event
    ME - MoFRR ECMP Flow based, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP Flow based,
    MP - Primary MoFRR Non-ECMP Flow based entry,
    e  - Encap helper tunnel flag
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
    NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
    II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
    LD - Local Disinterest, MD - mCAC Denied, MI - mLDP Interest
    A2 - MoFRR ECMP Backup Accept

(*,224.0.0.0/4) Flags: C

(*,224.0.1.40) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: F NS
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
  Loopback0 Flags: F IC NS
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(*,239.5.5.5) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  Vif1 Flags: F NS  SR(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)      Index(2, 2)
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(*,239.55.55.55) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: Vif1 Flags: A TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) RPF nbr: 192.168.0.5 Flags: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: A NS Vif1 Flags: F NS SR(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55) Index(2, 2)


Mcast_SR#show ip mfib 192.168.0.2 239.5.5.5
Entry Flags:    C - Directly Connected, S - Signal, IA - Inherit A flag,
                ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold, K - Keepalive
                DDE - Data Driven Event, HW - Hardware Installed
                ME - MoFRR ECMP entry, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP entry, MP - MFIB 
                MoFRR Primary, RP - MRIB MoFRR Primary, P - MoFRR Primary
                MS  - MoFRR  Entry in Sync, MC - MoFRR entry in MoFRR Client,
                e   - Encap helper tunnel flag.
I/O Item Flags: IC - Internal Copy, NP - Not platform switched,
                NS - Negate Signalling, SP - Signal Present,
                A - Accept, F - Forward, RA - MRIB Accept, RF - MRIB Forward,
                MA - MFIB Accept, A2 - Accept backup,
                RA2 - MRIB Accept backup, MA2 - MFIB Accept backup

Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kbits per second
Other counts:      Total/RPF failed/Other drops
I/O Item Counts:   HW Pkt Count/FS Pkt Count/PS Pkt Count   Egress Rate in pps
Default
 (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) Flags: HW
   SW Forwarding: 1/0/100/0, Other: 0/0/0
   HW Forwarding: 6530/0/114/0, Other: 2/2/0
   TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: A
   Vif1, SR/(172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55):553648130 Flags: F NS
     Pkts: 0/0/1    Rate: 0 pps
          
Mcast_SR#show ip mfib 172.16.101.2 239.55.55.55
Entry Flags:    C - Directly Connected, S - Signal, IA - Inherit A flag,
                ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold, K - Keepalive
                DDE - Data Driven Event, HW - Hardware Installed
                ME - MoFRR ECMP entry, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP entry, MP - MFIB 
                MoFRR Primary, RP - MRIB MoFRR Primary, P - MoFRR Primary
                MS  - MoFRR  Entry in Sync, MC - MoFRR entry in MoFRR Client,
                e   - Encap helper tunnel flag.
I/O Item Flags: IC - Internal Copy, NP - Not platform switched,
                NS - Negate Signalling, SP - Signal Present,
                A - Accept, F - Forward, RA - MRIB Accept, RF - MRIB Forward,
                MA - MFIB Accept, A2 - Accept backup,
                RA2 - MRIB Accept backup, MA2 - MFIB Accept backup

Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kbits per second
Other counts:      Total/RPF failed/Other drops
I/O Item Counts:   HW Pkt Count/FS Pkt Count/PS Pkt Count   Egress Rate in pps
Default
 (172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55) Flags: HW
   SW Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
   HW Forwarding: 6550/0/114/0, Other: 0/0/0
   Vif1 Flags: A TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
     Pkts: 0/0/0    Rate: 0 pps

Mcast_SR#show adjacency vif1 detail 
Protocol Interface                 Address
IP       Vif1                      point2point(8)
                                   13270 packets, 657502 bytes
                                   epoch 0
                                   sourced in sev-epoch 0
                                   empty encap string
                                   P2P-ADJ

    Mcast_SR#show platform software ip rp active mfib group 239.5.5.5/32 
Route flags:
S - Signal;             C - Directly connected;
IA - Inherit A Flag;    L - Local;
BR - Bidir route
*, 239.5.5.5/32 --> OBJ_INTF_LIST (0x15)
                Obj id: 0x15, Flags: C
                OM handle: 0x3480200a50 

Mcast_SR#show platform software ip rp active mfib group 239.55.55.55/32 
Route flags:
S - Signal;             C - Directly connected;
IA - Inherit A Flag;    L - Local;
BR - Bidir route
*, 239.55.55.55/32 --> OBJ_INTF_LIST (0x36)
                Obj id: 0x36, Flags: C
                OM handle: 0x34801fa988 

Mcast_SR#show platform software mlist rp active index 0x15
Multicast List entries

OCE Flags:
NS - Negate Signalling; IC - Internal copy;
A - Accept;             F - Forward;

OCE              Type             OCE Flags        Interface                            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0xf8000029 OBJ_ADJACENCY NS, F Vif1                                 
0xf8000186       OBJ_ADJACENCY    A                Tunnel1                              

Mcast_SR#show platform software mlist rp active index 0x36    
Multicast List entries

OCE Flags:
NS - Negate Signalling; IC - Internal copy;
A - Accept;             F - Forward;

OCE              Type             OCE Flags        Interface                            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0xf80000d1 OBJ_ADJACENCY NS, F TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5              
0xf8000186       OBJ_ADJACENCY    A                Tunnel1

    RPF 확인을 위해서는 멀티캐스트 경로의 여러 디바이스에서 이를 확인하는 것이 중요합니다.

    C9000#show ip rpf 192.168.0.2
RPF information for ? (192.168.0.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6
  RPF neighbor: ? (192.168.0.2) - directly connected
  RPF route/mask: 192.168.0.0/30
  RPF type: multicast (connected)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base

Mcast_SR#show ip rpf 192.168.0.2
RPF information for ? (192.168.0.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
  RPF neighbor: ? (192.168.0.5)
  RPF route/mask: 192.168.0.0/30
  RPF type: unicast (bgp 65001)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base, originated from ipv4 unicast base

Mcast_SR#show ip rpf 172.16.101.2
RPF information for ? (172.16.101.2)
  RPF interface: Vif1
  RPF neighbor: ? (172.16.101.2) - directly connected
  RPF route/mask: 172.16.101.0/30
  RPF type: multicast (connected)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base

ASR1000#show ip rpf 172.16.101.2
RPF information for ? (172.16.101.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1
  RPF neighbor: ? (172.16.0.1)
  RPF route/mask: 172.16.101.0/30
  RPF type: unicast (bgp 65002)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base, originated from ipv4 unicast base

    마지막으로, LHR에서 수신 및 전달되는 트래픽을 확인할 수 있습니다. 첫 번째 캡처는 ASR1000이 IPv4 주소가 예상대로 변환된 새 스트림(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)에서 패킷을 수신한 방법을 보여줍니다. 두 번째 캡처는 수신자에게 전달되는 트래픽을 보여줍니다.  

    ASR1000#monitor capture LHR buffer size 10 match any interface TenGigabitEthernet 0/1/1 in
ASR1000#monitor capture LHR start 
Started capture point : LHR
*Oct 17 15:16:06.192: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point LHR enabled.show moni

ASR1000#show monitor capture LHR buffer brief 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0   73    0.000000   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
   1 114 0.050992 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 2 114 2.051984 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   3   54    2.896993   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
   4  114    4.051984   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   5   72    4.967989   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
   6  114    6.052991   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114    8.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   10.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   12.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   14.055997   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  11  114   16.056989   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  12  114   18.055997   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP

ASR1000#monitor capture LHR stop              
Stopped capture point : LHR
ASR1000#
*Oct 17 15:16:32.029: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point LHR disabled.

ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER buffer size 10 match any interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 out 
ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER start 
Started capture point : TO_RECEIVER
*Oct 17 15:19:00.309: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point TO_RECEIVER enabled.ni

ASR1000#show monitor capture TO_RECEIVER buffer brief 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0  114    0.000000   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   1   46    0.276994   172.16.0.5       ->  224.0.0.1        48 CS6  IGMP
 2 114 1.999009 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 3 114 4.000000 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   4   46    5.550027   172.16.0.5       ->  224.0.1.40       48 CS6  IGMP
   5  114    5.999009   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   6  114    8.000000   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   10.001007   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   12.001999   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   14.003006   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   16.003998   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP

ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER stop            
Stopped capture point : TO_RECEIVER
*Oct 17 15:19:24.938: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point TO_RECEIVER disabled.

    특정 이유로 인해 *,G가 누락된 경우 show ip igmp membership <group> 및 show ip igmp groups <group> 명령을 사용하여 IGMP(Internet Group Management Protocol) 상태를 검증할 수 있습니다.  이 시나리오에서는 변환된 멀티캐스트 그룹 239.55.55.55에 대한 항목이 표시됩니다.

    ASR1000#show ip igmp membership 239.55.55.55
Flags: A  - aggregate, T - tracked
       L  - Local, S - static, V - virtual, R - Reported through v3 
       I - v3lite, U - Urd, M - SSM (S,G) channel 
       1,2,3 - The version of IGMP, the group is in
Channel/Group-Flags: 
       / - Filtering entry (Exclude mode (S,G), Include mode (G))
Reporter:
       
    
    
      - last reporter if group is not explicitly tracked 
     
       / 
      
        - 
       
         reporter in include mode, 
        
          reporter in exclude Channel/Group Reporter Uptime Exp. Flags Interface 
          *,239.55.55.55 172.16.0.6 1w0d 02:40 2A Gi0/0/0 
         ASR1000#show ip igmp groups 239.55.55.55 IGMP Connected Group Membership Group Address Interface Uptime Expires Last Reporter Group Accounted 239.55.55.55 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 01:11:56 00:02:49 172.16.0.6

    또한 LHR에서 mroute의 확인을 사용하여 Receiver로 향하는 인터페이스가 OIL에 추가되었는지 확인하고 mtrace를 사용하여 두 소스에 대한 역방향 경로를 확인할 수 있습니다.

    ASR1000#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
       L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
       T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet,
       X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
       U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, 
       Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, 
       Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, 
       G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, 
       N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, 
       Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, 
       V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, 
       x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, 
       * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, 
       e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP Decap Refcnt Contributor
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join
 Timers: Uptime/Expires
 Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode

(*, 239.55.55.55), 23:28:12/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJC
  Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1, RPF nbr 172.16.0.1
  Outgoing interface list:
    GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Forward/Sparse, 00:01:52/00:02:48
          
(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), 00:10:11/00:02:40, flags: JT
  Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1, RPF nbr 172.16.0.1
  Outgoing interface list:
    GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Forward/Sparse, 00:01:52/00:02:48

    ASR1000#mtrace 172.16.101.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Mtrace from 172.16.101.2 to 172.16.0.2 via RPF From source (?) to destination (?) Querying full reverse path... 0 172.16.0.2 -1 172.16.0.2 ==> 172.16.0.2 PIM/MBGP [172.16.101.0/30] -2 172.16.0.1 ==> 172.16.101.1 PIM_MT [172.16.101.0/30] -3 172.16.101.2

    ASR1000#mtrace 192.168.0.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Mtrace from 192.168.0.2 to 172.16.0.2 via RPF From source (?) to destination (?) Querying full reverse path... 0 172.16.0.2 -1 172.16.0.2 ==> 172.16.0.2 PIM/MBGP [192.168.0.0/30] -2 172.16.0.1 ==> 192.168.0.6 PIM/MBGP [192.168.0.0/30] -3 192.168.0.5 ==> 192.168.0.1 PIM_MT [192.168.0.0/30] -4 192.168.0.2

    관련 정보

    개정 이력

    개정 게시 날짜 의견
    1.0
    20-Oct-2023
    최초 릴리스
    TAC Authored

    Cisco 엔지니어가 작성

    • 훌리오 히메네스
    • 후안 란겔

    이 문서가 도움이 되셨습니까?

    Feedback피드백

    지원 문의