簡介
當發生位/字錯誤問題時,本文檔介紹交換機/模組/SFP的型別以及應驗證為受支援的電纜。
作者:Afroj Ahmad和Ed Mazurek,思科TAC工程師。
Cisco Multilayer Data Switch(MDS)9000系列可插拔收發器產品手冊
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/storage-networking/mds-9000-series-multilayer-switches/product_data_sheet09186a00801bc698.html?dtid=osscdc000283
首先,應確定所涉及的電纜的確切數量、長度和型別(OM2、OM3等)以及配線面板的數量。
SFP實際上顯示了它的功能:
對於短波SFP
F241-15-09-MDS9710# show interface fc1/4 transceiver details
fc1/4 sfp is present
Name is CISCO-AVAGO
Manufacturer's part number is AFBR-57F5PZ-CS1
Revision is B2
Serial number is AVA1551J9KF
Cisco part number is 10-2666-01
Cisco pid is DS-SFP-FC16G-SW
FC Transmitter type is short wave laser w/o OFC (SN)
FC Transmitter supports short distance link length
Transmission medium is multimode laser with 62.5 um aperture (M6)
Supported speeds are - Min speed: 4000 Mb/s, Max speed: 16000 Mb/s
Nominal bit rate is 14000 Mb/s
Link length supported for 50/125um OM2 fiber is 35 m
Link length supported for 62.5/125um fiber is 15 m
Link length supported for 50/125um OM3 fiber is 100 m
Cisco extended id is unknown (0x0)
No tx fault, no rx loss, in sync state, diagnostic monitoring type is 0x68
SFP Diagnostics Information:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alarms Warnings
High Low High Low
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature 33.48 C 75.00 C -5.00 C 70.00 C 0.00 C
Voltage 3.29 V 3.63 V 2.97 V 3.46 V 3.13 V
Current 7.46 mA 10.50 mA 2.50 mA 10.50 mA 2.50 mA
Tx Power -2.54 dBm 1.70 dBm -13.00 dBm -1.30 dBm -9.00 dBm
Rx Power -2.32 dBm 3.00 dBm -15.90 dBm 0.00 dBm -11.90 dBm
Transmit Fault Count = 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: ++ high-alarm; + high-warning; -- low-alarm; - low-warning
F241-15-09-MDS9710#
以上表明SFP的型別為DS-SFP-FC16G-SW,最大長度為100米,採用50/125um(mIcron)OM3佈線。
對於長波SFP
F241-15-09-MDS9710# show interface fc9/1 transceiver details
fc9/1 sfp is present
Name is CISCO-FINISAR
Manufacturer's part number is FTLF1432P3BCV-C1
Revision is B
Serial number is FNS21190B7F
Cisco part number is 10-3207-01
Cisco pid is DS-SFP-FC32G LW
FC Transmitter type is long wave laser cost reduced
FC Transmitter supports long distance link length
Transmission medium is single mode (SM) laser
Supported speeds are - Min speed: 8000 Mb/s, Max speed: 32000 Mb/s
Nominal bit rate is 28000 Mb/s
Link length supported for 9/125um fiber is 10 km
Cisco extended id is unknown (0x0)
No tx fault, no rx loss, in sync state, diagnostic monitoring type is 0x68
SFP Diagnostics Information:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alarms Warnings
High Low High Low
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature 32.52 C 75.00 C -5.00 C 70.00 C 0.00 C
Voltage 3.37 V 3.63 V 2.97 V 3.46 V 3.13 V
Current 38.55 mA 70.00 mA 1.00 mA 68.00 mA 2.00 mA
Tx Power 0.49 dBm 5.00 dBm -12.40 dBm 2.00 dBm -8.40 dBm
Rx Power -7.43 dBm 5.00 dBm -18.01 dBm 2.00 dBm -14.00 dBm
Transmit Fault Count = 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: ++ high-alarm; + high-warning; -- low-alarm; - low-warning
F241-15-09-MDS9710#
以上表明SFP的型別為DS-SFP-FC32G-LW,最大長度為10KM。
附註:所示的長度為理想條件下的最大長度。配線面板和路徑中附加的光纖長度縮短了距離,有時相當大。
配線面板和其他中間連線經常是問題的根源。您應始終嘗試消除這些作為診斷步驟。確保採取有條不紊的方式完成此操作,每次更改都會記錄結果。
請注意,上述輸出中的Rx功率在可接受的範圍內:
-18.01 dBm -14.00 dBm -7.43 dBm 0.00 dBm 2.00 dBm 5.00 dBm
<---------+------------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+---------------+------->
<---Error-+ Error--->
<------Warning Warning--------->
<-------------------------OK----------------------->
Rx Power is in the acceptable range does not indicates the end to end fiber/jumpers/patch panel connection are OK.(Rx電源在可接受的範圍內,並不意味著端到端光纖/跳線/跳接面板連線正常。)您可能仍需要逐一繞過其中的某些路由。
通常情況下,位/字錯誤過多的問題不是ASIC問題。但是,如果要將電纜移動到同一模組上的不同埠,則需要瞭解該模組的體系結構(每個ASIC的埠分層埠)。
舉例來說:
MDS 9500(DS-X9248-256K9)具有4個稱為Thunderbirds的FC ASIC。
這些FC ASIC每個可處理12個埠:
ASIC 0 - fc1/1-12
ASIC 1 - fc1/13-24
ASIC 2 - fc1/25-36
ASIC 3 - fc1/37-48
MDS內建可運行的ISL診斷程式。
測試型別
以下是在連結上運行診斷測試的方法。
延遲/電纜長度測試
這只是一個短持續時間測試,用於測量延遲並確定電纜長度。以下是操作方法:
A側 — 稱之為發電機側它生成流量。
B側 — 稱之為反射側。接收來自生成器的流量並將其傳送回。
舉例來說:
A側(生成器)fc9/1----fc6/1側B(反射器)
1.1側B(反射器)
1.1.1 — 關閉要使用的介面
1.1.2 — 診斷isl反射器延遲測試環回介面fc6/1 enable
1.2 A側(發電機)
1.2.1 — 關閉要使用的介面
1.2.2 — 診斷isl延遲測試介面fc9/1
下面是實驗室交換機中的情況:
F241-15-09-MDS9710# diagnostic isl latency-test interface fc9/1
Waiting for sync to be achieved on the link ....
Sync is achieved, Link has been initialized.
Starting the test ....
---------------------------------------------------------
Latency test Result for port: fc9/1
Latency in the switch (in ns): 264
Latency in the cable (in ns): 6593
Length of the cable (accuracy ± 2m): 4373 m
---------------------------------------------------------
F241-15-09-MDS9710#
流量發生器測試
這是一項長期的全線速測試。長達3600秒(1小時)
2.1側B(反射器)
2.1.1 — 關閉要使用的介面
2.1.2 — 診斷isl反射器traffic_test link_speed 32G回送介面fc6/1 enable
2.2 A側(發電機)
2.2.1 — 關閉要使用的介面
2.2.2 — 診斷isl生成器介面fc9/1啟動持續時間3600 rate 100% frame_size min 16 max 517 step 100 link_speed 32g
以32G全線速率運行1小時。
下面是實驗室交換機中的情況:
F241-15-09-MDS9710# diagnostic isl generator interface fc9/1 start duration 3600 rate 100% frame_size min 16 max 517 step 100 link_speed 32g
Waiting for sync to be achieved on the link ....
Link initialized successfully. Starting the test.
F241-15-09-MDS9710#
When it end there is no message but you can see the frames on the ports:
F241-15-10-9706-2# show int fc6/1 | i fc|rate
fc6/1 is down (Administratively down)
5 minutes input rate 5754800992 bits/sec,719350124 bytes/sec, 666558 frames/sec
5 minutes output rate 5754800512 bits/sec,719350064 bytes/sec, 666558 frames/sec
F241-15-10-9706-2#
F241-15-10-9706-2# show int fc6/1 counters details | i i fc|fec|crc
fc6/1
0 invalid CRCs, 0 Delimiter Errors
regardless of the CRC/FCS error
CRC/FCS error
7262 fec corrected blocks
0 fec uncorrected blocks
F241-15-10-9706-2#
建議清除介面計數器,並在每個連結上執行此操作一小時。然後獲取兩側的上述CRC和FEC資訊。
若要清除介面計數器問題,請使用clear counters interface all。
配置排程程式作業
上述流量發生器測試時間最長為1小時。要運行更長時間(例如24小時),可以配置排程程式作業:
需要配置排程程式,分為兩部分:
「排程程式作業」用於配置要執行的內容,而「排程程式排程」用於配置要運行作業的時間。此排程在刪除排程之前運行。沒有簡單的辦法可以手動停止。
您需要使用交換矩陣中的介面替換這些介面。
如果配置作業時出錯,則必須將其刪除並重新開始。它不允許你返回進行修改。
請注意,在發生器一側,發生器停止點位於其第一次運行時,您可能會看到一個錯誤,這是正確的。下次它運行時,應該會運行良好。
下面是指令碼:
Generator:
---------
shutdown fc1/42
feature scheduler
scheduler logfile size 1024
clear counters interface fc1/42
clear scheduler logfile
scheduler job name stats
diagnostic isl generator interface fc1/42 stop
show interface fc1/42 counters details | i i fc|fec|crc
show interface fc1/42 counters | i i fc|rate
diagnostic isl generator interface fc1/42 start duration 3600 frame_size min 64 max 517 step 1 link_speed 32G
exit
scheduler schedule name test
job name stats
time start +00:01:00 repeat 00:01:00
exit
Reflector:
---------
shutdown fc7/1
feature scheduler
scheduler logfile size 1024
clear counters interface fc7/1
clear scheduler logfile
diagnostic isl reflector traffic_test link_speed 32G loop-back interface fc7/1 enable
scheduler job name stats
show interface fc7/1 counters details | i i fc|fec|crc
show interface fc7/1 counters | i i fc|rate
exit
scheduler schedule name test
job name stats
time start +00:01:00 repeat 00:01:00
exit
At the end of 24 hours, please remove the scheduler schedule to stop it at both generator and reflector sides:
no scheduler schedule name test
You can collect the scheduler logfile which will contain all the output of the tests and the show command:
show scheduler logfile | no-more
其他命令:
- show logging onboard status
- show logging onboard module <module number>
- show logging onboard stack-trace
- show logging onboard mem-leak
- show logging onboard error-stats
- show logging onboard exception-log
- show logging onboard error-stats
- show logging onboard environmental-history