在FTD上設定和驗證NAT

已更新: 2023 年 8 月 2 日
文件 ID:212702

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    簡介

    本檔案介紹如何在Firepower威脅防禦(FTD)上設定和驗證基本網路位址轉譯(NAT)。

    必要條件

    需求

    本文件沒有特定需求。

    採用元件

    本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本：

    • 執行FTD代碼6.1.0-226的ASA5506X
    • 運行6.1.0-226的FireSIGHT管理中心(FMC)
    • 3台Windows 7主機
    • 運行LAN-to-LAN(L2L)VPN的Cisco IOS® 3925路由器

    實驗完成時間：1小時

    本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中，請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。

    背景資訊

    FTD支援的NAT組態選項與經典調適型安全裝置(ASA)相同：

    • 之前的NAT規則 — 這相當於傳統ASA上的兩次NAT（第1部分）。
    • 自動NAT規則 — 標準ASA第2部分
    • NAT Rules After — 這相當於傳統ASA上的兩次NAT（第3部分）。

    由於FTD配置是從FMC中完成，因此對於NAT配置，必須熟悉FMC GUI和各種配置選項。

    設定

    網路圖表

    Network Diagram

    任務1.在FTD上設定靜態NAT

    根據以下要求配置NAT:

    NAT策略名稱

    FTD裝置的名稱

    NAT規則

    手動NAT規則

    NAT型別

    靜態

    插入

    第1部分

    源介面

    inside*

    目標介面

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.14

    轉換後的源

    192.168.76.100

    *為NAT規則使用安全區域

    Configure Static NAT on FTD

    靜態NAT

    解決方案：

    在傳統ASA上，必須在NAT規則中使用nameif。在FTD上，您需要使用安全區域或介面群組。

    步驟 1.將介面分配給安全區域/介面組。

    在本任務中，決定將用於NAT的FTD介面分配到安全區域。或者，您可以將其指定給介面組，如下圖所示。

    Assign FTD Interfaces

    步驟 2.結果如下圖所示。

    Interfaces Assigned

    步驟 3.您可以從Objects > Object Management頁面建立/編輯介面組和安全區域，如下圖所示。

    Create/Edit Interface Groups and Security Zones

    安全區域與介面組

    Security Zones（安全區域）和Interface Groups（介面組）之間的主要區別是，一個介面只能屬於一個安全區域，但可以屬於多個介面組。因此，實際上，介面組提供了更大的靈活性。

    您可以看到內部介面屬於兩個不同的介面組，但只有一個安全區域，如下圖所示。

    Interface Inside Belongs to Two Different Interface Groups

    步驟 4.在FTD上設定靜態NAT。

    導覽至Devices > NAT，然後建立NAT策略。 選擇New Policy > Threat Defense NAT，如下圖所示。

    Create a NAT Policy

    步驟 5.指定策略名稱並將其分配給目標裝置，如下圖所示。

    Specify a Policy Name and Assign it to a Target Device

    步驟 6.將NAT規則新增到策略中，按一下Add Rule。

    根據任務要求指定這些要求，如下圖所示。

    Add NAT Rule

    Original Source and Original Destination

    主機A = 192.168.75.14

    主機B = 192.168.76.100

    firepower# show run object
object network Host-A
 host 192.168.75.14
object network Host-B
 host 192.168.76.100

    警告：如果配置靜態NAT並將介面指定為轉換源，則所有目的地為介面IP地址的流量都會被重定向。使用者無法訪問對映介面上啟用的任何服務。此類服務的示例包括OSPF和EIGRP等路由協定。

    步驟 7.結果如下圖所示。

    NAT is Configured

    步驟 8.確儲存在允許主機B訪問主機A的訪問控制策略，反之亦然。請記住，靜態NAT在預設情況下是雙向的。與傳統ASA類似，請參閱實際IP的使用情況。這是預期情況，因為在本實驗中，LINA運行9.6.1.x代碼，如下圖所示。

    Access Control Policy that Allows Host-B to Access Host-A and Vice Versa

    驗證：

    在LINA CLI上：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B

     NAT規則已按預期插入第1部分：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    註：在後台建立的2個輸出。

    firepower# show xlate
2 in use, 4 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00

    ASP NAT表：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

Output Table:
L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

      

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

    啟用含有FTD上追蹤詳細資訊的擷取，並從主機B對主機A執行ping，如下圖所示。

    firepower# capture DMZ interface dmz trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.76.100
firepower# capture INSIDE interface inside trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14

    Enable Capture

    命中計數在ASP表中：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

    封包擷取顯示：

    firepower# show capture DMZ
8 packets captured
   1: 17:38:26.324812       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   2: 17:38:26.326505       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 17:38:27.317991       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   4: 17:38:27.319456       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 17:38:28.316344       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   6: 17:38:28.317824       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 17:38:29.330518       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   8: 17:38:29.331983       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
8 packets shown

    封包的追蹤軌跡（重要點突出顯示）。

    註:NAT規則的ID及其與ASP表的關聯。

    firepower# show capture DMZ packet-number 3 trace detail
8 packets captured
   3: 17:38:27.317991 000c.2998.3fec d8b1.90b7.32e0 0x0800 Length: 74
      192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request (ttl 128, id 9975)
	  
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c72be0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=55, user_data=0x7ff602b74a50, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603612200, priority=1, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x8
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0100.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface inside
Untranslate 192.168.76.100/0 to 192.168.75.14/0

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14 rule-id 268434440
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Mandatory/2
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: L4 RULE: Host-B to Host-A
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b72610, priority=12, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff5fa9d0180, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.76.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any, vlan=0, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff60367cf80, priority=7, domain=conn-set, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff603677080, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.76.14/1 to 192.168.76.14/1
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff6035c0af0, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b5f020, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff602be7460, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b3a6d0, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp-error, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff603672ec0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=4, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c56d10, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 5084, packet dispatched to next module
Module information for forward flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat
Module information for reverse flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.75.14 using egress ifc  inside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address 000c.2930.2b78 hits 140694538708414

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff6036a94e0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=14, user_data=0x7ff6024aff90, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: inside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown




    任務2.設定FTD上的連線埠位址轉譯(PAT)

    根據以下要求配置NAT:

    NAT規則

    手動NAT規則

    NAT型別

    動態

    插入

    第1部分

    源介面

    inside*

    目標介面

    outside*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    轉換後的源

    外部介面(PAT)

    *為NAT規則使用安全區域

    Configure Port Address Translation


    靜態NAT

    PAT

    解決方案：

    步驟 1.新增第二個NAT規則並根據任務要求進行配置，如下圖所示。

    Add a Second NAT Rule

    步驟 2.如下圖所示，PAT是如何配置的。

    PAT Configuration

    步驟 3.結果如下圖所示。

    End Result of PAT Configuration

    步驟 4.在本實驗的其餘部分中，配置訪問控制策略以允許所有流量通過。

    驗證：

    NAT配置：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    在LINA CLI中注意新專案：

    firepower# show xlate
3 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:04:02 timeout 0:00:00

    在內部和外部介面上啟用捕獲。在內部捕獲時，啟用跟蹤：

    firepower# capture CAPI trace interface inside match ip host 192.168.75.14 host 192.168.77.1
firepower# capture CAPO interface outside match ip any host 192.168.77.1

    從主機A(192.168.75.14)對IP 192.168.77.1執行Ping，如下圖所示。

    Ping from Host-A to IP Address

    在LINA擷取中，您可以看到PAT轉譯：

    firepower# show cap CAPI
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.659099       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.668544       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669505       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682368       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683421       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.696436       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697412       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply

    firepower# show cap CAPO
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658672       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.658962       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.669109       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669337       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682932       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683207       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.697031       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697275       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply

    突出顯示重要部分的資料包的跟蹤：

    firepower# show cap CAPI packet-number 1 trace
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1 to 192.168.77.6/1

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 6981, packet dispatched to next module

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address c84c.758d.4980 hits 140694538709114

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Result:
input-interface: outside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown

    已建立動態xlate（請注意ri旗標）：

    firepower# show xlate
4 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:05:35 timeout 0:00:00

ICMP PAT from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 flags ri idle 0:00:30 timeout 0:00:30

    在LINA記錄中，您會看到：

    firepower# show log
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host inside:192.168.75.14
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-305011: Built dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host outside:192.168.77.1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302020: Built inbound ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302021: Teardown ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609002: Teardown local-host outside:192.168.77.1 duration 0:00:00
May 31 2016 18:55:17: %ASA-6-305012: Teardown dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 duration 0:00:34

    NAT部分：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 94, untranslate_hits = 138

    ASP表顯示：

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
in  id=0x7ff602c75f00, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside
in  id=0x7ff603681fb0, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=276, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.77.6, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside

    firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
out id=0x7ff60361bda0, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=138, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff60361c180, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside

    任務3.在FTD上設定NAT豁免

    根據以下要求配置NAT:

    NAT規則

    手動NAT規則

    NAT型別

    靜態

    插入

    第1節所有現有規則

    源介面

    inside*

    目標介面

    outside*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    轉換後的源

    192.168.75.0/24

    原始目標

    10.1.1.0/24

    轉換後的目標

    10.1.1.0/24

    *為NAT規則使用安全區域

    Configure NAT Exemption on FTD

    靜態NAT

    PAT

    NAT免除

    解決方案：

    步驟 1.新增第三個NAT規則並按任務要求進行配置，如下圖所示。

    Add a Third NAT Rule

    步驟 2.執行路由查詢以確定輸出介面。

    註：對於身份NAT規則（如您新增的規則），您可以更改輸出介面的確定方式並使用常規路由查詢，如圖所示。

    Perform Route Lookup

    驗證：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 96, untranslate_hits = 138

    對源自內部網路的非VPN流量運行Packet Tracer。PAT規則按預期使用：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 192.168.77.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.77.6/1111
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7227, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    對必須通過VPN隧道的流量運行Packet Tracer（由於第一次嘗試使VPN隧道啟動，請運行兩次）。

    注意：您必須選擇NAT免除規則。

    第一次Packet Tracer嘗試：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: DROP
Config:
Additional Information:

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: drop
Drop-reason: (acl-drop) Flow is denied by configured rule

    第二次Packet Tracer嘗試：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: VPN
Subtype: ipsec-tunnel-flow
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7226, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    NAT命中計數驗證：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138


    任務4.在FTD上設定物件NAT

    根據以下要求配置NAT:

    NAT規則

    自動NAT規則

    NAT型別

    靜態

    插入

    第2部分

    源介面

    inside*

    目標介面

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.99

    轉換後的源

    192.168.76.99

    轉換與此規則匹配的DNS應答

    已啟用

    *為NAT規則使用安全區域

    解決方案：

    步驟 1.根據任務要求配置規則，如下圖所示。

    Configure the Rule as per Task Requirements

    Original Source

    Translate DNS Replies that Match this Rule

    步驟 2.結果如下圖所示。

    Final Result

    驗證：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

    使用Packet Tracer進行驗證：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.99 1111 192.168.76.100 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.100 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached

Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.99/1111 to 192.168.76.99/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7245, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

    任務5.在FTD上設定PAT池

    根據以下要求配置NAT:

    NAT規則

    手動NAT規則

    NAT型別

    動態

    插入

    在第3部分

    源介面

    inside*

    目標介面

    dmz*

    原始源

    192.168.75.0/24

    轉換後的源

    192.168.76.20-22

    使用整個範圍(1-65535)

    已啟用

    *為NAT規則使用安全區域

    解決方案：

    步驟 1.按照任務要求配置規則，如下圖所示。

    Configure the Rule per Task Requirements for Manual NAT Rule

    Result of Manual NAT Rule

    步驟 2.使用Include Reserver Ports 啟用Flat Port Range ，此命令允許使用整個範圍(1-65535)，如下圖所示。

    Enable Flat Port Range with Include Reserver Porst

    步驟 3.結果如下圖所示。

    Final Result of Flat Port Range

    驗證：

    firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
!
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve

    准則見第3節：

    firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 1, untranslate_hits = 0

Manual NAT Policies (Section 3)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0


    Packet Tracer驗證：

    firepower# packet-tracer input inside icmp 192.168.75.15 8 0 192.168.76.5

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.5 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.15/0 to 192.168.76.20/11654

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7289, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow


    驗證

    使用本節內容，確認您的組態是否正常運作。

    已在各個任務部分中說明驗證過程。

    疑難排解

    本節提供的資訊可用於對組態進行疑難排解。

    開啟FMC上的Advanced Troubleshooting頁面，運行packet Tracer，然後運行show nat pool 命令。

    note-icon

    註：使用整個範圍的條目，如下圖所示。

    Advanced Troubleshooting

    相關資訊

    • 所有版本的Cisco Firepower Management Center配置指南都可以在以下位置找到：

    導航思科安全防火牆威脅防禦文檔

    • 思科全球技術協助中心(TAC)強烈建議使用以下視覺指南，以瞭解有關Cisco Firepower下一代安全技術的深入實用知識，其中包括本文中提到的內容：

    Cisco Press - Firepower威脅防禦

    • 有關Firepower技術的所有配置和故障排除技術說明：

    思科安全防火牆管理中心

    修訂記錄

    修訂 發佈日期 意見
    2.0
    02-Aug-2023
    已新增Alt文本。 更新的SEO、機器翻譯、樣式要求和格式。
    1.0
    29-Jan-2018
    初始版本
    TAC Authored

    由思科工程師貢獻

    • Mikis Zafeiroudis
      Cisco TAC Engineer
    • John Long
      Cisco TAC Engineer

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