使用環回測試乙太網介面
如有必要，可以使用環回查詢線卡、交換矩陣、網路處理器(NP)、收發器或光傳輸路徑的問題。
有兩種主要型別的環回：內部環回和外部環回。
內部環路可以遠端執行，但提供的資訊並不多。
必須在站點執行外部循環，但必須提供最大量的資訊。
以下範例使用此介面：
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show run int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 ipv4 address 10.100.101.1 255.255.255.0 !
內部回送
這是一項基本測試，無需訪問遠端站點即可執行。它可以發現CPU、交換矩陣路徑、NP和收發器問題，但無法發現光纖或傳輸問題。
配置環回
這會影響流量
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback internal RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
清除計數器
這會清除介面和控制器上的計數器。
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters tenGigE 0/0/1/1 Clear "show interface" counters on this interface [confirm]
對本地IP執行Ping
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
檢查介面計數器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 3
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (External),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:02:40
5 minute input rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
10003 packets input, 15140657 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10003 packets output, 15140657 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
檢查控制器計數器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140657
Input good bytes = 15140657
Input total packets = 10003
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10003
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 3
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140657
Output good bytes = 15140657
Output total packets = 10003
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10003
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 3
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
外部回送
此測試驗證線卡中央處理器(CPU)、交換矩陣路徑、NP、收發器和光纖。
此測試需要一段光纖纜線，以將傳輸(Tx)訊號實際回送到接收(Rx)連線埠。
配置環回
這會影響流量
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# interface tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback external RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
清除計數器
這會清除介面和控制器上的計數器。
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters Clear "show interface" counters on all interfaces [confirm]
對本地IP執行Ping
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
檢查介面計數器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 7
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (Internal),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:00:32
5 minute input rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
10001 packets input, 15140219 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10001 packets output, 15140219 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
檢查控制器計數器
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140219
Input good bytes = 15140219
Input total packets = 10001
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10001
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 1
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140219
Output good bytes = 15140219
Output total packets = 10001
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10001
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 1
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
參考資料
Cisco ASR 9000系列聚合服務路由器介面和硬體元件命令參考，版本4.3.x章節：Cisco ASR 9000系列路由器上的乙太網介面命令
意見