使用POAP配置NXOS到ACI的自動轉換

簡介

本文檔介紹如何透過自動調配(POAP)自動轉換將OS （作業系統）從Nexus作業系統(NXOS®)切換到ACI。

何時需要它？

在現有的流程中，如果使用NXOS®映像接收退回材料授權(RMA)/新交換機，則將這些交換機轉換為ACI模式並將其增加到ACI交換矩陣將非常耗時且複雜。

有三種情況需要此功能，

1)更換故障枝葉/主幹交換機

2)增加新的枝葉/主幹以擴展ACI交換矩陣

3)增加/更換遠端枝葉

必備條件

ACI版本5.2(3)中引入了將NXOS®轉換為ACI模式的現有過程非常複雜且非常耗時，因此可簡化該過程並使其接近即插即用（加電自動調配）POAP自動轉換功能。POAP功能在NXOS®7.X版本開始提供，該版本總結說您嘗試增加的新交換機必須運行更高的版本。

什麼是POAP？

POAP代表Power on auto provisioning。找不到啟動配置時，Nexus交換機上會自動觸發POAP進程。

當觸發Poap時，交換機將首先從管理介面啟動動態主機配置協定(DHCP)進程，如果未收到DHCP確認，則在所有其他埠上啟動此DHCP發現。在ACI中，APIC充當DHCP伺服器，為交換機提供IP地址和python指令碼位置。下載python指令碼後，將會呼叫ACI映像下載並在交換機上自動進行轉換。ACI在基礎設施網路中運行Poap。

拓撲

在此拓撲中，您需要轉換主幹節點201、枝葉節點101和nxos交換機。此nxos交換機可以直接連線到主幹或枝葉交換機，這意味著轉換成功後，您可以將它直接安裝到交換矩陣。

在本配置示例中，您需要將ACI枝葉101埠E1/53連線到新的交換機節點埠E1/47。請確保只有枝葉和主幹上的交換矩陣埠可用於POAP。

如何配置POAP？

您可以參考演示的步驟，並確保打開新nexus交換機節點的電源並將其連線到枝葉101，如拓撲部分所示。

第1步：啟用Nxos到ACI的轉換。

導航到Fabric —> Fabric Membership —> Registered Nodes —> Add with Nxos to ACI Conversion

第2步：在枝葉101上增加用於POAP的適當節點101（現有ACI交換機）和介面E1/53（只有交換矩陣鏈路可用於枝葉/主幹上的POAP）。

第3步：按兩下用於POAP的枝葉節點。

第4步：驗證eth1/53的POAP狀態，您可以看到埠E1/53啟用了POAP。

第5步：將Nexus節點連線到枝葉101介面E1/53，然後您將在Nodes Pending registration下看到新的交換機節點。在本例中，我們在新的NXOS交換機上使用埠E1/47。

第6步：註冊新的交換機節點，按一下右鍵並選擇註冊。

第7步：增加節點ID、節點名稱並註冊枝葉。

第8步：在NXOS交換機啟動期間，會出現提示，詢問您是否要中止POAP並繼續正常設定。選擇「否」，繼續POAP。

           （如果裝置具有啟動配置，則必須執行寫擦除並重新載入裝置，以強制nexus交換機進入POAP模式。）

Abort Power On Auto Provisioning [yes - continue with normal setup, skip - bypass password and basic configuration, no - continue with Power On Auto Provisioning] (yes/skip/no)[no]: 

>>>> This message appears on the console which means POAP process started on new switch node, Do not break this sequence.

第9步：觀察新交換機節點的控制檯，您將看到這些日誌。

 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_DHCP_DISCOVER_START: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - POAP DHCP Discover phase started     <<< POAP Process started, new switch node is sending DHCP discover message

2024 Jun 24 13:21:31 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO:   - Abort Power On Auto Provisioning [yes - continue with normal setup, skip - bypass password and basic configuration, no - continue with Power On Auto Provisioning] (yes/skip/no)[no]:

2024 Jun 24 13:21:32 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: Recieved DHCP offer from server ip  - 10.0.0.1     <<< DHCP offer has been recived from APIC

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: Recieved DHCP offer from server ip  - 10.0.0.1 (message repeated 1 time)

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Using DHCP, valid information received over Eth1/47 from 10.0.0.1   <<< This is the interface used on new switch node

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Assigned Host Name: poap-leaf   <<< Hostname assigned to new switch node based on node-name you specified while registering

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Assigned IP address: 10.0.232.68 <<< New switch node got an IP Address

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Netmask: 255.255.0.0

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - DNS Server: 10.0.0.1

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Default Gateway: 10.0.0.30

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Script Server: 10.0.0.1

2024 Jun 24 13:21:39 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Script Name: aci_poap_bootfile.py <<< This script is responsible for performing NXOS to ACI mode conversion

2024 Jun 24 13:21:49 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - The POAP Script download has started    <<< Downloading script

2024 Jun 24 13:21:49 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - The POAP Script is being downloaded from [copy tftp://10.0.0.1/aci_poap_bootfile.py bootflash:scripts/script.sh vrf default ]

2024 Jun 24 13:21:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_SCRIPT_DOWNLOADED: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Successfully downloaded POAP script file     <<< Script downloaded

2024 Jun 24 13:21:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - Script file size 106768, MD5 checksum 8b31543966b6dd518441a45d3546e0e1

2024 Jun 24 13:21:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_INFO: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - MD5 checksum received from the script file is 8b31543966b6dd518441a45d3546e0e1

2024 Jun 24 13:21:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %POAP-2-POAP_SCRIPT_STARTED_MD5_VALIDATED: [FDO233002HC-A4:53:0E:3D:D9:A3] - POAP script execution started(MD5 validated)      <<< Validating MD5 Checksum before downloading ACI image aci-n9000-dk9.15.2.8h.bin

2024 Jun 24 13:21:52 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - Starting to download image - /script.sh       <<< Starting ACI image download as script is executed in the backend

2024 Jun 24 13:21:52 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - The command is : terminal dont-ask ; terminal password <removed> ; copy http://10.0.0.1:7777/fwrepo/aci-n9000-dk9.15.2.8h.bin bootflash:aci-n9000-dk9.15.2.8h.bin vrf default - /script.sh

184633.793: 2024 Jun 24 13:25:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - Downloading the image completed - /script.sh      <<< ACI image download completed

184633.819: 2024 Jun 24 13:25:50 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - Image file found in bootflash folder - /script.sh

184635.739: 2024 Jun 24 13:25:52 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - no boot nxos o/p : - /script.sh

184640.147: 2024 Jun 24 13:25:56 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - copy running-config o/p : [# ] 1% [# ] 2% [## ] 3% [## ] 4% [### ] 5% [### ] 6% [### ] 7% [#### ] 8% [#### ] 9% [##### ] 10% [##### ] 11% [##### ] 12% [###### ] 13% [###### ] 14% [####### ] 15%184640.147:  [####### ] 16% [####### ] 17% [######## ] 18% [######## ] 19% [######### ] 20% [#########

184642.147: 2024 Jun 24 13:25:58 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - boot aci o/p : Warning: Please check list of all ACI supported hardware before doing this operation, not all hardware are supported. Performing image verification and compatibility check, pleas184642.147: e wait.... Unable remove internal file Image verification successful. - /script.sh

184649.973: 2024 Jun 24 13:26:06 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %USER-1-SYSTEM_MSG:  - md5sum o/p : e9065f12d6eac79d15091f0c595ed9e5 - /script.sh       <<< Post download MD5 checksum validation

184657.960: 2024 Jun 24 13:26:14 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %VMAN-2-ACTIVATION_STATE: Successfully deactivated virtual service 'guestshell+' 

184701.033: 2024 Jun 24 13:26:17 switch %$ VDC-1 %$ %PLATFORM-2-PFM_SYSTEM_RESET: Manual system restart from Command Line Interface <<< Rebooting the device to perform the conversion

第10步：名為Poap-Leaf的新交換機節點開始在註冊節點中顯示。

第11步：從新交換機節點的CLI驗證其已轉換為ACI模式。

User Access Verification

(none) login: admin

********************************************************************************

     Fabric discovery in progress, show commands are not fully functional

     Logout and Login after discovery to continue to use show commands.

     Run show discoveryissues for more details.

********************************************************************************

(none)#  <<< Device is in ACI discovey mode now

第12步：現在將新交換機節點正確連線到ACI交換矩陣。

第13步：刪除poap成功轉換後的NXOS轉換策略。

++ You also encounter an Fault F427 when you configure POAP, please ensure that fault is cleared post step 13.
This fault is an reminder that you have configured an port on ACI Leaf switch for POAP usage

APIC上的POAP dhcp日誌

要檢視APIC上的DHCP日誌，請參閱給定的位置和日誌檔案。

apic1# cd /var/log/dme/log/
apic1# less dhcpd.bin.log | grep ISC | grep a4:53:0e:3d:d9:a3


30167||2024-06-24T13:12:04.170069236+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from a4:53:0e:3d:d9:a3 via 10.0.232.64||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68    <<< DHCP Discovered recieved from Leaf101 Infra Loopback IP , Leaf 101 is acting as DHCP Relay 

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:04.170129519+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 10.0.232.68 to a4:53:0e:3d:d9:a3 via 10.0.232.64||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68      <<< DHCP Offer forwarded from APIC

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:07.219176308+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: Received host decl = FDO233002HC { uid "FDO233002HC"; dynamic; option host-name "poap-leaf"; fixed-address 10.0.232.68; option cisco.node-role 2; option cisco.node-type 0; pool subclass "pod" 00:1; option cisco.fabric-id 1; option cisco.pod-id 1; option cisco.node-id 1891; option subnet-mask 255.255.0.0; option routers 10.0.0.30; option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.1; filename "aci_poap_bootfile.py"; } ||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68   bico 04.421. <<< DHCP Server provides IP, DHS and TFTP server IP address to download python script and ACI image

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:07.220213143+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: Received host decl = FDO233002HC { uid "FDO233002HC"; dynamic; option host-name "poap-leaf"; fixed-address 10.0.232.68; option cisco.node-role 2; option cisco.node-type 0; pool subclass "pod" 00:1; option cisco.fabric-id 1; option cisco.pod-id 1; option cisco.node-id 1891; option subnet-mask 255.255.0.0; option routers 10.0.0.30; option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.1; filename "aci_poap_bootfile.py"; } ||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167297645+00:00||dhcp||DBG4||||ISC dhcpd: Before updateUid 12:||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||73   bico 07.220

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167454624+00:00||dhcp||DBG4||||ISC dhcpd: not our server id ours 0.0.0.0 received 10.0.0.1||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||73

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167588015+00:00||dhcp||DBG4||||ISC dhcpd: Before updateUid 12:||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||73

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167639084+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 10.0.232.68 (10.0.0.1) from a4:53:0e:3d:d9:a3 via 10.0.232.64||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167706966+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: DHCPACK on 10.0.232.68 to a4:53:0e:3d:d9:a3 via 10.0.232.64||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:10.167806426+00:00||dhcp||DBG4||||ISC dhcpd: updateUid 11:FDO233002HC, ../common/external/dhcp/dhcp-4.1-ESV-R6/server/svcapi.c:410||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||73

30167||2024-06-24T13:12:12.221336321+00:00||dhcp||INFO||||ISC dhcpd: Received host decl = FDO233002HC { uid "FDO233002HC"; dynamic; option host-name "poap-leaf"; fixed-address 10.0.232.68; option cisco.node-role 2; option cisco.node-type 0; pool subclass "pod" 00:1; option cisco.fabric-id 1; option cisco.pod-id 1; option cisco.node-id 1891; option subnet-mask 255.255.0.0; option routers 10.0.0.30; option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.1; filename "aci_poap_bootfile.py"; } ||../svc/dhcpd/src/gen/ifc/beh/imp/./DhcpdSvc.cc||68   bico 10.436