Este documento fornece uma configuração de exemplo de como migrar o modo spanning tree do PVST+ para o rapid-PVST+ na rede do campus. Também explica a configuração do PVST+, o balanceamento de carga de Spanning Tree e os recursos de UplinkFast e BackboneFast.
Recomenda-se a leitura de Entendendo o Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (802.1w) antes de configurar o Rapid-PVST+.
Esta tabela mostra o suporte do RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) nos switches Catalyst e o software mínimo necessário para esse suporte.
Plataforma Catalyst | Rapid-PVST+ |
---|---|
Catalyst 2900 XL / 3500 XL | Não disponível. |
Catalyst 2940 | 12.1(20)EA2 |
Catalyst 2950/2955/3550 | 12.1(13)EA1 |
Catalyst 2970/3750 | 12.1(14)EA1 |
Catalyst 3560 | 12.1(19)EA1 |
Catalyst 3750 Metro | 12.1(14)AX |
Catalyst 2948G-L3/4908G-L3 | Não disponível. |
Catalyst 4000/2948G/2980G (CatOS) | 7,5 |
Catalyst 4000/4500 (IOS) | 12.1(19)EW |
Catalyst 5000/5500 | Não disponível. |
Catalyst 6000/6500 | 7,5 |
Catalyst 6000/6500 (IOS) | 12.1(13)E |
Catalyst 8500 | Não disponível. |
As informações neste documento são baseadas no Cisco IOS® Software Versão 12.2(25) e no CatOS 8.5(8). No entanto, a configuração é aplicável na versão mínima do Cisco IOS mostrada na tabela.
The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.
Consulte as Convenções de Dicas Técnicas da Cisco para obter mais informações sobre convenções de documentos.
O STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) 802.1D tem uma desvantagem de convergência lenta. Os switches Cisco Catalyst são compatíveis com três tipos de STPs, que são PVST+, Rapid-PVST+ e MST. O PVST+ baseia-se no padrão IEEE 802.1D e inclui extensões proprietárias da Cisco, como BackboneFast, UplinkFast e PortFast. O Rapid-PVST+ é baseado no padrão IEEE 802.1w e tem uma convergência mais rápida que o 802.1D. O RSTP (IEEE 802.1w) inclui, nativamente, a maioria dos aprimoramentos proprietários da Cisco para o Spanning Tree 802.1D, como BackboneFast e UplinkFast. O Rapid-PVST+ tem estes recursos exclusivos:
Usa a versão 2 da unidade de dados do protocolo Bridge (BPDU) que é compatível com o STP 802.1D e usa a versão 0 do BPDU.
Todos os switches geram BPDUs e enviam em todas as portas a cada 2 segundos, enquanto no STP 802.1D somente o bridge de origem envia as BPDUs de configuração.
Funções de porta — Porta de origem, porta designada, porta alternativa e porta de backup.
Estados da porta — Discarding (descarte), learning (aprendizado) ou forwarding (encaminhamento).
Tipos de porta — Porta de borda (PortFast), ponto a ponto e porta compartilhada.
O Rapid-PVST usa o RSTP para fornecer convergência mais rápida. Quando qualquer porta RSTP recebe a BPDU 802.1D legada, ela volta ao STP legado e os benefícios inerentes de convergência rápida de 802.1 w são perdidos quando ele interage com as pontes legadas.
Este exemplo contém duas seções. A primeira seção mostra a configuração do PVST+ atual. A segunda seção mostra a configuração para migrar do PVST+ para o Rapid-PVST+.
Nota: Use a Command Lookup Tool (somente clientes registrados) para obter mais informações sobre os comandos usados nesta seção.
Este documento utiliza a seguinte configuração de rede:
Este diagrama tem os seguintes switches:
Distribution1 e Distribution2, que estão na camada de distribuição
Dois switches de camada de acesso chamados Access1 (IOS) e Access2 (CatOs)
Dois switches de agregação de servidor chamados Services1 e Services2
As VLANs 10, 30 e 100 transportam o tráfego de dados. As VLANs 20, 40 e 200 transportam o tráfego de voz.
Este documento utiliza as seguintes configurações:
Os switches são configurados no PVST+ para transportar os dados e o tráfego de voz de acordo com o diagrama de rede. Este é um breve resumo da configuração:
O switch Distribution1 é configurado para se tornar uma bridge raiz primária para as VLANs de dados 10, 30, 100 com o comando Distribution1(config)# spanning-tree vlan 10,30,100 root primary e a bridge raiz secundária para as VLANs de voz 20, 40, 200 usa o comando Distribution1(config)# spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 root secondary.
Observação: o comando spanning-tree root primary altera a prioridade de ponte do switch para 8192 e o comando spanning-tree root secondary altera a prioridade para 16384.
O switch Distribution2 é configurado para se tornar uma bridge raiz primária para as VLANs de voz 20, 40, 200 com o comando Distribution2(config)# spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 root primary e a bridge raiz secundária para as VLANs de dados 10, 30, 100 usa o comando Distribution2(config)# spanning-tree vlan 10,30,100 root secondary.
Distribution1 |
---|
Distribution1#show running-config Building configuration... spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree backbonefast spanning-tree vlan 10,30,100 priority 8192 spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 priority 16384 ! vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/3 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 30,40 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/5 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/23 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/24 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 ! ! end |
Podemos ver que a porta Fa1/0/24 é configurada com o comando spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 port-priority 64. Distribution2 é a origem configurada para as VLANs 20,40,200. O Distribution2 tem dois links para Distribution1: Fa1/0/23 e Fa1/0/24. Ambas as portas são portas designadas para as VLANs 20, 40, 200 porque Distribution2 é a origem para essas VLANs. Ambas as portas têm a mesma prioridade 128 (padrão). Além disso, esses dois links têm o mesmo custo de Distribution1: FA1/0/23 e FA1/0/24. O Distribution1 escolhe o número de porta mais baixo das duas portas para definir a porta no estado de encaminhamento. O menor número de porta é Fa1/0/23. No entanto, de acordo com o diagrama de rede, as VLANs de voz 20, 40 e 200 devem fluir por Fa1/0/24. Você pode fazer isso com estes métodos:
Diminua o custo da porta em Distribution1: Fa1/0/24
Diminua a prioridade de porta em Distribution2: Fa1/0/24
Neste exemplo, a prioridade de porta é reduzida para encaminhar VLANs 20, 40, 200 a FA1/0/24.
Distribution2 |
---|
Distribution2#show running-config Building configuration... ! spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree backbonefast spanning-tree vlan 10,30,100 priority 28672 spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 priority 24576 ! vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/4 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 30,40 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/6 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/23 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 ! interface FastEthernet1/0/24 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk spanning-tree vlan 20,40,200 port-priority 64 switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,40,100,200 end |
Você pode ver que essa porta Fa0/5 em Services1, e Fa0/6 e Fa0/48 em Services2 têm o custo de porta e a configuração de prioridade de porta em Spanning Tree. Aqui, o STP é ajustado de modo que a VLAN 100 e 200 de Services1 e Services2 possam passar pelos links de tronco entre eles. Se essa configuração não for aplicada, Services1 e 2 não passarão o tráfego pelos links de tronco entre eles. Em vez disso, ele escolhe o caminho por meio de Distribution1 e Distribution2.
O Services2 vê dois caminhos de custo igual para a origem de VLAN 100 (Distribution1). Um via Services1, o segundo pelo Distribution2. O STP escolhe o melhor caminho (porta de origem) nesta ordem:
Custo do caminho
A ID de ponte do switch de encaminhamento
Mínima prioridade de porta
Menor número de porta interna
Neste exemplo, ambos os caminhos têm o mesmo custo. No entanto, o Distribution2 (24576) tem prioridade mais baixa do que Services1 (32768) para a VLAN 100. Portanto, o Services2 escolhe Distribution2. Neste exemplo, o custo da porta em Services1: fa0/5 é definido como inferior para permitir que o Services2 escolha o Services1. O custo do caminho substitui o número de prioridade do switch de encaminhamento.
Services1 |
---|
Services1#show running-config Building configuration... spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree backbonefast ! vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/5 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk spanning-tree vlan 100 cost 18 switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/47 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/48 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! ! end |
O mesmo conceito é aplicado para Services1 para escolher Services2 para encaminhar a VLAN 200. Depois de reduzir o custo da VLAN 200 em Services2 - fa0/6, Services1 escolhe Fa0/47 para encaminhar a VLAN 200. No entanto, o requisito aqui é encaminhar a VLAN 200 por meio de fa0/48. Você pode realizar com esses dois métodos:
Reduzir o custo da porta em Services1: Fa0/48
Reduzir a prioridade da porta em Services2: Fa0/48
Neste exemplo, a prioridade de porta em Services2 é reduzida para encaminhar a VLAN 200 até fa0/48.
Services2 |
---|
Services2#show running-config Building configuration... spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree backbonefast ! vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/6 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk spanning-tree vlan 200 cost 18 switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/47 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! interface FastEthernet0/48 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk spanning-tree vlan 200 port-priority 64 switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,200 ! ! end |
Access1 |
---|
Access1#show running-config Building configuration... ! spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default spanning-tree extend system-id spanning-tree uplinkfast spanning-tree backbonefast ! vlan 10,20 ! interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20 ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport mode trunk switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20 ! end |
Access2 |
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Access2> (enable)show config all #mac address reduction set spantree macreduction enable ! #stp mode set spantree mode pvst+ ! #uplinkfast groups set spantree uplinkfast enable rate 15 all-protocols off ! #backbonefast set spantree backbonefast enable ! #vlan parameters set spantree priority 49152 1 set spantree priority 49152 30 set spantree priority 49152 40 ! #vlan(defaults) set spantree enable 1,30,40 set spantree fwddelay 15 1,30,40 set spantree hello 2 1,30,40 set spantree maxage 20 1,30,40 ! #vtp set vlan 1,30,40 ! #module 3 : 48-port 10/100BaseTX Ethernet set trunk 3/3 on dot1q 30,40 set trunk 3/4 on dot1q 30,40 ! end |
É bom saber o comportamento de UplinkFast e BackboneFast, antes de iniciar o processo de migração. No diagrama de rede, o switch ACCESS1 executa o Cisco IOS. Essa saída é realizada antes da migração para o modo Rapid-PVST+:
Access1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24586 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 3019 Port 107 (FastEthernet3/0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 49162 (priority 49152 sys-id-ext 10) Address 000f.f794.3d00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Uplinkfast enabled Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa3/0/1 Root FWD 3019 128.107 P2p Fa3/0/2 Altn BLK 3019 128.108 P2p Access1#show spanning-tree summary Switch is in pvst mode Root bridge for: none Extended system ID is enabled Portfast Default is disabled PortFast BPDU Guard Default is enabled Portfast BPDU Filter Default is disabled Loopguard Default is disabled EtherChannel misconfig guard is enabled UplinkFast is enabled BackboneFast is enabled Configured Pathcost method used is short Name Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding STP Active ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- VLAN0010 1 0 0 1 2 VLAN0020 1 0 0 1 2 ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- 2 vlans 2 0 0 2 4
Essa saída é realizada depois que o modo é alterado para Rapid-PVST+:
Access1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24586 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 3019 Port 107 (FastEthernet3/0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 49162 (priority 49152 sys-id-ext 10) Address 000f.f794.3d00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 UplinkFast enabled but inactive in rapid-pvst mode Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa3/0/1 Root FWD 3019 128.107 P2p Fa3/0/2 Altn BLK 3019 128.108 P2p Access1#show spanning-tree summary Switch is in rapid-pvst mode Root bridge for: none Extended system ID is enabled Portfast Default is disabled PortFast BPDU Guard Default is enabled Portfast BPDU Filter Default is disabled Loopguard Default is disabled EtherChannel misconfig guard is enabled UplinkFast is enabled but inactive in rapid-pvst mode BackboneFast is enabled but inactive in rapid-pvst mode Configured Pathcost method used is short Name Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding STP Active ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- VLAN0010 1 0 0 1 2 VLAN0020 1 0 0 1 2 ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- 2 vlans 2 0 0 2 4
Você pode ver na saída do comando show spanning-tree summary ue o UplinkFast e o BackboneFast estão ativados, mas estão inativos no modo Rapid-PVST. É opcional remover os dois comandos. Isso não afeta nenhuma operação do Rapid-PVST se você não remover os comandos. Se você desativar o UplinkFast com o comando no spanning-tree uplinkfast no Spanning-Tree, a prioridade de ponte e o custo de porta voltarão para o padrão. É recomendável ter a prioridade de ponte do switch que não é de origem como um número maior. Essa saída mostrada é após o recurso UplinkFast ser desativado no modo Rapid-PVST:
Access1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24586 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 19 Port 107 (FastEthernet3/0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10) Address 000f.f794.3d00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa3/0/1 Root FWD 19 128.107 P2p Fa3/0/2 Altn BLK 19 128.108 P2p Access1#show spanning-tree summary Switch is in rapid-pvst mode Root bridge for: none Extended system ID is enabled Portfast Default is disabled PortFast BPDU Guard Default is enabled Portfast BPDU Filter Default is disabled Loopguard Default is disabled EtherChannel misconfig guard is enabled UplinkFast is disabled BackboneFast is enabled but inactive in rapid-pvst mode Configured Pathcost method used is short Name Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding STP Active ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- VLAN0010 1 0 0 1 2 VLAN0020 1 0 0 1 2 ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- 2 vlans 2 0 0 2 4
O CatOs não permite que você altere o modo para o Rapid-PVST se o recurso BackboneFast estiver ativado. Você precisa desativar BackboneFast antes da migração. O UplinkFast age da mesma forma que no IOS.
Access2> (enable) set spantree mode rapid-pvst+ Cannot change the spantree mode to RAPID-PVST+ when backbonefast is enabled.
O Rapid-PVST+ usa o mesmo formato BPDU especificado no 802.1D e é compatível com versões anteriores. É difícil converter para rapid-PVST+ todos os switches na rede corporativa ao mesmo tempo. Devido à compatibilidade com versões anteriores, é possível converter fase por fase. É recomendável implementar as alterações na janela de manutenção programada, pois a reconfiguração do Spanning Tree interrompe o fluxo de tráfego. O Spanning Tree UplinkFast e os recursos de BackboneFast são recursos PVST+. Eles são desativados quando você ativa o Rapid-PVST+ porque esses recursos são criados dentro do Rapid-PVST+. Portanto, durante a migração, é possível remover esses comandos. A configuração dos recursos como PortFast, BPDUguard, BPDUfilter, protetor de origem e Loopguard também são aplicáveis no modo Rapid-PVST+. O uso desses recursos é o mesmo que no modo PVST+. Se você já tiver ativado esses recursos no modo PVST+, eles permanecerão ativos após a migração para o modo Rapid-PVST+. Neste exemplo, a migração ocorre neste pedido:
Access1
Access2
Services1 e Services2
Distribution1 e Distribution2
Migração de Access1:
Access1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst Access1(config)#no spanning-tree uplinkfast Access1(config)#no spanning-tree backbonefast Access1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24586 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 19 Port 107 (FastEthernet3/0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10) Address 000f.f794.3d00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa3/0/1 Root FWD 19 128.107 P2p Peer(STP) Fa3/0/2 Altn BLK 19 128.108 P2p Peer(STP) !--- Type P2p Peer(STP) represents that the neighbor switch runs PVST.
Migração de Access2:
Access2> (enable) set spantree backbonefast disable Backbonefast disabled for all VLANs. Access2> (enable) set spantree mode rapid-pvst+ PVST+ database cleaned up. Spantree mode set to RAPID-PVST+. Access2> (enable) clear spantree uplinkfast This command will cause all portcosts, portvlancosts, and the bridge priority on all vlans to be set to default. Do you want to continue (y/n) [n]? y VLANs 1-4094 bridge priority set to 32768. The port cost of all bridge ports set to default value. The portvlancost of all bridge ports set to default value. uplinkfast all-protocols field set to off. uplinkfast disabled for bridge.
Migração de Services1 e Services2:
Services1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst Services1(config)#no spanning-tree backbonefast
Services2(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst Services2(config)#no spanning-tree backbonefast
Migração de Distribution1 e Distribution2:
Distribution1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan40, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan100, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan200, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan40, changed state to down 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to down 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan40, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to up !--- Distribution1 switch has Layer3 VLAN interfaces and it goes !--- down and up during the conversion. Distribution1(config)#no spanning-tree backbonefast
Distribution2(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to own 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to p 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan40, changed state to up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan100, changed state t up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan200, changed state t up 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to down 2d02h: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan30, changed state to up !--- Distribution2 switch has Layer3 VLAN interfaces and it goes !--- down and up during the conversion. Distribution2(config)#no spanning-tree backbonefast
Em uma rede corporativa de grande porte, o processo de migração pode levar alguns dias. Durante o processo de migração, você pode executar a LAN no modo misto, como alguns switches no PVST+ e alguns switches no modo Rapid-PVST+. No modo misto, você não tem as vantagens completas do rapid-PVST+. O tempo de convergência geral é o mesmo que o tempo de convergência do modo PVST+. Para aproveitar totalmente o Rapid-PVST+, todos os switches na topologia de Spanning Tree devem executar o Rapid-PVST+. Para mostrar como o Spanning Tree se comporta no modo misto, um exemplo de saída do comando debug é mostrado aqui. Distribution1 e Distribution2 estão no PVST+, e o Access1 está no modo Rapid-PVST+.
A saída de comando debug spanning-tree mostra a operação do STP quando o link entre Access1 e Distribution1 falha.
Access1 00:55:13: RSTP(10): updt roles, root port Fa0/1 going down 00:55:13: RSTP(10): Fa0/2 is now root port 00:55:13: RSTP(10): Fa0/2 received a tc ack 00:55:15: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to adminis tratively down 00:55:16: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, cha nged state to down Distribution1 00:55:20: STP: VLAN0010 Topology Change rcvd on Fa1/0/23 00:55:20: STP: VLAN0020 sent Topology Change Notice on Fa1/0/24 00:55:21: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to down 00:55:22: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to down Distribution2 00:55:06: STP: VLAN0010 Topology Change rcvd on Fa1/0/2 00:55:06: STP: VLAN0010 sent Topology Change Notice on Fa1/0/23
A saída de comando debug spanning-tree mostra a operação do STP quando o link entre Access1 e Distribution1 está ativo.
Access1 00:55:40: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up 00:55:43: STP: PVST vlan 10 port Fa0/1 created, ext id 2E42430, vp 3389640 00:55:43: RSTP(10): initializing port Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(10): Fa3/0/1 is now designated 00:55:43: STP: PVST vlan 20 port Fa0/1 created, ext id 2E42430, vp 300EC20 00:55:43: RSTP(20): initializing port Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(20): Fa0/1 is now designated 00:55:43: RSTP(10): transmitting a proposal on Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(10): transmitting a proposal on Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(10): updt roles, received superior bpdu on Fa0/1 00:55:43: RSTP(10): Fa0/1 is now root port 00:55:43: RSTP(10): Fa0/2 blocked by re-root 00:55:43: RSTP(10): Fa0/2 is now alternate 00:55:44: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, cha nged state to up 00:55:44: RSTP(20): updt roles, received superior bpdu on Fa0/1 00:55:44: RSTP(20): Fa0/1 is now alternate Distribution1 00:55:49: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to up 00:55:50: set portid: VLAN0010 Fa1/0/1: new port id 8001 00:55:50: STP: PVST vlan 10 port Fa1/0/1 created, ext id 2DA13A8, vp 3BDB708 00:55:50: STP: VLAN0010 Fa1/0/1 -> listening 00:55:50: set portid: VLAN0020 Fa1/0/1: new port id 8001 00:55:50: STP: PVST vlan 20 port Fa1/0/1 created, ext id 2DA13A8, vp 3C06F20 00:55:50: STP: VLAN0020 Fa1/0/1 -> listening 00:55:51: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to up 00:56:05: STP: VLAN0010 Fa1/0/1 -> learning 00:56:05: STP: VLAN0020 Fa1/0/1 -> learning 00:56:20: STP: VLAN0010 Fa1/0/1 -> forwarding 00:56:20: STP: VLAN0020 sent Topology Change Notice on Fa1/0/24 00:56:20: STP: VLAN0020 Fa1/0/1 -> forwarding !--- This output is evident that the Access1 switch waits for the !--- standard 802.1D Spanning Tree process of listening, learning and forwarding !--- to complete in Distribution1. Distribution2 00:55:06: STP: VLAN0020 Topology Change rcvd on Fa1/0/24 00:56:06: STP: VLAN0020 Topology Change rcvd on Fa1/0/24 !--- This output shows that Distribution2 is notified !--- about the indirect link outage by TCN BPDUs.
Os switches Distribution1, Distribution2 e Access1 estão no modo Rapid-PVST+. A saída de comando debug spanning-tree mostra a operação do STP quando o link entre Access1 e Distribution1 falha.
Access1 01:31:04: RSTP(10): updt roles, root port Fa0/1 going down 01:31:04: RSTP(10): Fa0/2 is now root port 01:31:06: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to adminis tratively down 01:31:07: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, cha nged state to down Distribution1 01:31:13: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to down 01:31:14: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to down
A saída de comando debug spanning-tree mostra a operação do STP quando o link entre Access1 e Distribution1 está ativo.
Access1 01:35:46: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up 01:35:48: STP: PVST vlan 10 port Fa3/0/1 created, ext id 2E42430, vp 3C8E360 01:35:48: RSTP(10): initializing port Fa3/0/1 01:35:48: RSTP(10): Fa3/0/1 is now designated 01:35:48: STP: PVST vlan 20 port Fa3/0/1 created, ext id 2E42430, vp 3C8E3E0 01:35:48: RSTP(20): initializing port Fa3/0/1 01:35:48: RSTP(20): Fa3/0/1 is now designated 01:35:48: RSTP(10): updt roles, received superior bpdu on Fa3/0/1 01:35:48: RSTP(10): Fa3/0/1 is now root port 01:35:48: RSTP(10): Fa3/0/2 blocked by re-root 01:35:48: RSTP(10): synced Fa3/0/1 01:35:48: RSTP(10): Fa3/0/2 is now alternate 01:35:48: RSTP(20): updt roles, received superior bpdu on Fa3/0/1 01:35:48: RSTP(20): Fa3/0/1 is now alternate 01:35:48: RSTP(10): transmitting an agreement on Fa3/0/1 as a response to a prop osal Distribution1 01:35:55: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet1/0/1, changed state to up 01:35:56: STP: PVST vlan 10 port Fa1/0/1 created, ext id 2DA13A8, vp 3BDCCD8 01:35:56: RSTP(10): initializing port Fa1/0/1 01:35:56: RSTP(10): Fa1/0/1 is now designated 01:35:56: STP: PVST vlan 20 port Fa1/0/1 created, ext id 2DA13A8, vp 2D21C60 01:35:56: RSTP(20): initializing port Fa1/0/1 01:35:56: RSTP(20): Fa1/0/1 is now designated 01:35:56: RSTP(10): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:35:56: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:35:56: RSTP(10): received an agreement on Fa1/0/1 01:35:57: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:35:59: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:01: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:03: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:06: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:08: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:10: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:11: RSTP(20): Fa1/0/1 fdwhile Expired 01:36:12: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:14: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:16: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:18: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:20: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:22: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:24: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:26: RSTP(20): transmitting a proposal on Fa1/0/1 01:36:26: RSTP(20): Fa1/0/1 fdwhile Expired !--- Distribution1 puts the port Fa1/0/1 as designated for VLANs 10 and 20. !--- It also proposes that Fa1/0/1 is designated for VLANs 10, 20. Access1 agrees with the !--- proposal for VLAN10. However, it does not agree with the proposal for VLAN20 because it !--- has the superior BPDU for VLAN20 from Distribution2.
Use esta seção para confirmar se a sua configuração funciona corretamente.
A Output Interpreter Tool ( somente clientes registrados) (OIT) oferece suporte a determinados comandos show. Use a OIT para exibir uma análise da saída do comando show.
É recomendável verificar a topologia de Spanning Tree sempre que a configuração for alterada.
Verifique se o switch Distribution1 é a ponte de origem para as VLANs de dados 10, 30, 100. Além disso, verifique se o caminho de encaminhamento da Spanning Tree corresponde ao caminho no diagrama de rede.
Distribution1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24586 Address 0015.63f6.b700 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 24586 (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 10) Address 0015.63f6.b700 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa1/0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p Fa1/0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p Fa1/0/5 Desg FWD 19 128.5 P2p Fa1/0/23 Desg FWD 19 128.23 P2p Fa1/0/24 Desg FWD 19 128.24 P2p Access1#show spanning-tree summary Switch is in rapid-pvst mode Root bridge for: none Extended system ID is enabled Portfast Default is disabled PortFast BPDU Guard Default is enabled Portfast BPDU Filter Default is disabled Loopguard Default is disabled EtherChannel misconfig guard is enabled UplinkFast is disabled BackboneFast is disabled Configured Pathcost method used is short Name Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding STP Active ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- VLAN0010 1 0 0 1 2 VLAN0020 1 0 0 1 2 ---------------------- -------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- 2 vlans 2 0 0 2 4 Access2> (enable) show spantree 30 VLAN 30 Spanning tree mode RAPID-PVST+ Spanning tree type ieee Spanning tree enabled Designated Root 00-15-63-f6-b7-00 Designated Root Priority 24606 Designated Root Cost 19 Designated Root Port 3/3 Root Max Age 20 sec Hello Time 2 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID MAC ADDR 00-d0-00-50-30-1d Bridge ID Priority 32768 Bridge Max Age 20 sec Hello Time 2 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Port State Role Cost Prio Type ------------------------ ------------- ---- --------- ---- -------------------- 3/3 forwarding ROOT 19 32 P2P 3/4 blocking ALTR 19 32 P2P Access2> (enable) show spantree 40 VLAN 40 Spanning tree mode RAPID-PVST+ Spanning tree type ieee Spanning tree enabled Designated Root 00-15-c6-c1-30-00 Designated Root Priority 24616 Designated Root Cost 19 Designated Root Port 3/4 Root Max Age 20 sec Hello Time 2 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID MAC ADDR 00-d0-00-50-30-27 Bridge ID Priority 32768 Bridge Max Age 20 sec Hello Time 2 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Port State Role Cost Prio Type ------------------------ ------------- ---- --------- ---- -------------------- 3/3 blocking ALTR 19 32 P2P 3/4 forwarding ROOT 19 32 P2P Services1#show spanning-tree vlan 100 VLAN0100 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24676 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 18 Port 7 (FastEthernet0/5) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32868 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 100) Address 0003.fd63.bb80 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/5 Root FWD 18 128.7 P2p Fa0/46 Desg FWD 19 128.50 P2p Fa0/47 Desg FWD 19 128.51 P2p Services1#show spanning-tree vlan 200 VLAN0200 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24776 Address 0015.c6c1.3000 Cost 37 Port 51 (FastEthernet0/47) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32968 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 200) Address 0003.fd63.bb80 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/5 Altn BLK 19 128.7 P2p Fa0/46 Altn BLK 19 128.50 P2p Fa0/47 Root FWD 19 128.51 P2p Services2#show spanning-tree vlan 100 VLAN0100 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24676 Address 0015.63f6.b700 Cost 37 Port 42 (GigabitEthernet0/42) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32868 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 100) Address 00d0.2bfc.7d80 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/6 Altn BLK 19 128.6 P2p Fa0/42 Root FWD 19 128.42 P2p Fa0/43 Altn BLK 19 128.43 P2p Services2#show spanning-tree vlan 200 VLAN0200 Spanning tree enabled protocol rstp Root ID Priority 24776 Address 0015.c6c1.3000 Cost 18 Port 6 (GigabitEthernet0/6) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32968 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 200) Address 00d0.2bfc.7d80 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Fa0/6 Root FWD 18 128.6 P2p Fa0/42 Desg FWD 19 128.42 P2p Fa0/43 Desg FWD 19 64.43 P2p
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