Implemente o DVTI no Secure Firewall e no Cisco IOS

Introdução

Este documento descreve como implementar uma solução de hub e spoke Dynamic Virtual Tunnel Interface com EIGRP no Adaptive Security Appliance.

Pré-requisitos

Requisitos

A Cisco recomenda que você tenha conhecimento destes tópicos:

• Compreensão básica das interfaces de túnel virtual no ASA
• Conectividade básica da base entre Hub/Spokes/ISP
• Entendimento básico do EIGRP

• Adaptive Security Appliance versão 9.19(1) ou posterior

Componentes Utilizados

As informações neste documento são baseadas nestas versões de software e hardware:

• Dois dispositivos ASAv, ambos versão 9.19(1). Utilizado para Spoke 1 e o Hub
• Dois dispositivos Cisco IOS® v versão 15.9(3)M4. Um para o dispositivo ISP, um utilizado para Spoke 2.
• Dois hosts Ubuntu para tráfego genérico destinado aos túneis

As informações neste documento foram criadas a partir de dispositivos em um ambiente de laboratório específico. Todos os dispositivos utilizados neste documento foram iniciados com uma configuração (padrão) inicial. Se a rede estiver ativa, certifique-se de que você entenda o impacto potencial de qualquer comando.

Configurar

Diagrama de Rede

Configurações

Configurar a interface WAN e os parâmetros de criptografia IKEv2 no ASA de hub

Entre no modo de configuração no hub.

interface g0/0
ip address 198.51.100.1 255.255.255.0 
nameif OUTSIDE

Configurar os parâmetros IKEv2 no ASA de hub

Crie uma política IKEv2 que defina os parâmetros da Fase 1 da conexão IKE.

crypto ikev2 policy 1      (The number is locally significant on the device, this determine the order in which the IKEv2 policies are presented to the peer)
encryption aes-256         (Defines the encryption parameter used to encrypt the initial communication between the devices)
integrity sha256           (Defines the integrity used to secure the initial communication between the devices)
group 21                   (Defines the Diffie-Hellman group used to protect the key exchange between devices)
prf sha256                 (Pseudo Random Function, an optional value to define, automatically chooses the value defined for integrity)
lifetime seconds 86400     (Controls the phase 1 rekey, specified in seconds. Optional value, as the default is 86400)

Crie uma proposta IKEv2 IPsec para definir os parâmetros da Fase 2 usados para proteger o tráfego.

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME                (Name is locally signicant and is used as a reference point later in the configuration)
protocol esp encryption aes-256                       (specifies that Encapsulating Security Payload and aes-256 is used to encrypt the traffic traversing the tunnel)
protocol esp integrity sha-256                        (specifies that Encapsulating Security Payload and sha-256 is used to ensure the integrity of the traffic traversing the tunnel)

Crie um perfil IPsec que contenha a proposta IPsec.

crypto ipsec profile NAME                    (This name is referenced on the Virtual-Template Interface to allow the crypto parameters to be utilized)
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME                (This is the name previously used when creating the ipsec-proposal)

Criar uma interface de modelo virtual e de loopback

interface loopback 1
ip address 172.16.50.254 255.255.255.255        (This IP address is used for all of the Virtual-Access Interfaces spawned from the Virtual-Template)
nameif LOOP1

interface Virtual-Template 1 type tunnel
ip unnumbered LOOP1                                (Borrows the IP address specified in Loopback1 for all Virtual-Access Interfaces) 
nameif DVTI
tunnel source Interface OUTSIDE                    (Specifies the Interface that the tunnel terminates on, commonly used as the WAN Interface)
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4                             (Specifies that the mode uses ipsec, and uses ipv4)
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME               (Reference the name of the previously created ipsec profile)

Crie um grupo de túneis e anuncie os IPs da interface de túnel através do IKEv2 Exchange

Crie um tunnel-group para especificar o tipo de túnel e o método de autenticação.

tunnel-group DefaultL2LGroup ipsec-attributes             ('DefaultL2LGroup' is a default tunnel-group used for hub DVTI with pre-shared keys, this applied with the virtual template allows dynamic spoke connections)
virtual-template 1                                        (This command ties the Virtual-Template previously created to the tunnel-group to allow for proper authentication and connection)
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123       (This specifies the remote authentication as a pre-shared-key with the key being cisco123)
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123        (This specifies the local authentication as a pre-shared-key with the key being cisco123)
ikev2 route set Interface                                 (Advertises the VTI Interface IP over IKEv2 exchanges. Enables unicast reachability between VTI Interfaces for BGP or path monitoring to work over the tunnel)

Configurar o Roteamento EIGRP no ASA do Hub

router eigrp 100 
network 172.16.50.254 255.255.255.255         (Advertise the IP address of the Loopback used for the Virtual-Template. This is used to form an EIGRP neighborship via VTI connectivity) 

Configurar as interfaces no ASA spoke

Configurar a interface WAN.

interface g0/1
ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0
nameif OUTSIDE-SPOKE-1

Configurar a interface LAN.

interface g0/0
ip address 10.45.0.4 255.255.255.0
nameif INSIDE-SPOKE-1

Configure uma interface de loopback.

interface loopback1
ip address 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.255
nameif Loop1

Configurar os parâmetros de criptografia IKEv2 no ASA spoke

Crie uma política IKEv2 que corresponda aos parâmetros no hub.

crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption aes-256
integrity sha256
group 21         
prf sha256
lifetime 86400

Crie uma proposta IKEv2 IPsec que corresponda aos parâmetros no hub.

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME           (Name is locally signicant, this does not need to match the hub device.)
protocol esp encryption aes-256
protocol esp integrity sha-256

Crie um perfil IPsec que contenha a proposta IPsec.

crypto ipsec profile NAME               (This name is locally significant and is referenced in the SVTI configuration.)
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME           (This is the name previously used when creating the ipsec-proposal.)

Configure a interface de túnel virtual estático no ASA spoke

Configure uma Interface de Túnel Virtual estática apontando para o hub. Os dispositivos spoke configuram interfaces estáticas regulares de túnel virtual para o hub, somente o hub requer um modelo virtual.

interface tunnel1
ip unnumbered loopback1
nameif ASA-SPOKE-SVTI
tunnel destination  198.51.100.254          (Tunnel destination references the Hub ASA tunnel source. Commonly referred to as the WAN address.)
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME

Crie um grupo de túneis e anuncie os IPs da interface de túnel através do IKEv2 Exchange

tunnel-group 198.51.100.1 type ipsec-l2l                   (This specifies the connection type as ipsec-L2L (Lan-to-Lan), using the IKE ID of the hub device.)
tunnel-group 198.51.100.1 ipsec-attributes                 (Ipsec attributes allows you to make changes to the method of authentication and parameters used.)
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123 
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123
ikev2 route set Interface

Configurar o Roteamento EIGRP no ASA Spoke

Crie um sistema autônomo EIGRP e aplique as redes desejadas a serem anunciadas.

router eigrp 100
network 10.45.0.0 255.255.255.0        (Advertises the Host-A network to the hub. This allows the hub to notify connecting spokes how to reach this network.)
network 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.255    (Advertises and utilizes the tunnel IP address to form an EIGRP neighborship.)

Configure as interfaces no roteador spoke

interface g0/0
ip address 192.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
no shut

interface g0/1
ip address 10.12.0.2
no shut

interface loopback1
ip address 172.16.50.2 255.255.255.255

Configure os parâmetros IKEv2 e AAA no roteador spoke

Crie uma proposta IKEv2 para corresponder aos parâmetros da Fase 1 no ASA.

crypto ikev2 proposal NAME       (These parameters must match the ASA IKEv2 Policy.) 
encryption aes-cbc-256           (aes-cbc-256 is the same as the ASA aes-256. However, AES-GCM of any variant is not the same, 
                                  and is not a matching parameter with plain AES.)
integrity sha256
group 21

Crie uma política IKEv2 para anexar as propostas.

crypto ikev2 policy NAME
proposal NAME               (This is the name of the IKEv2 proposal created in the step ikev2.)

Crie uma política de autorização IKEv2.

crypto ikev2 authorization policy NAME   (IKEv2 authorization policy serves as a container of IKEv2 local AAA group authorization parameters.)
route set Interface

Ative o AAA no dispositivo.

aaa new-model 

Crie uma rede de autorização AAA.

aaa authorization network NAME local    (Creates a name and method for aaa authorization that is referenced in the IKEv2 profile along with the IKEv2 authorization policy.)

Crie um Perfil IKEv2 que contenha um repositório de parâmetros não negociáveis do SA IKE, como identidades locais ou remotas e métodos de autenticação.

crypto ikev2 profile NAME                           
match identity remote address  198.51.100.1    (Used to match the address of the Hub VTI source Interface, can also be 0.0.0.0 to match any peer address but this is not best practice.)
identity local address  192.0.2.1              (Defines the local IKE-ID of the router for this IKEv2 profile.)
authentication remote pre-share key cisco123
authentication local pre-share key cisco123
no config-exchange request                     (Applies to Cisco IOS, Cisco IOS-XE devices do this by default. This stops the device from sending IKEv2 config-exchange requests to the ASA, 
                                                which is unsupported on the ASA.)
aaa authorization group psk list NAME NAME     (Specifies an AAA method list and username for group. The first NAME is the aaa network name, the second NAME is the IKEv2 authorization policy.)

Crie um conjunto de transformação para definir os parâmetros de criptografia e hash usados para proteger o tráfego em túnel.

crypto ipsec transform-set NAME esp aes 256 esp-sha256-hmac

Crie um perfil IPsec de criptografia para hospedar o conjunto de transformação e o perfil IKEv2.

crypto ipsec profile NAME                  (Define the name of the ipsec-profile.)
set transform-set NAME                     (Reference the name of the created transform set.)
set ikev2-profile NAME                     (Reference the name of the created IKEv2 profile.)

Configure a interface de túnel virtual estático no roteador spoke

Configure uma Interface de Túnel Virtual estática apontando para o hub.

interface tunnel1
ip unnumbered loopback1
tunnel source g0/0
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel destination 198.51.100.1
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME      (Reference the name of the created ipsec profile. This applies the IKEv2 
                                           and transform set parameters to the tunnel Interface.)

Configurar o roteamento EIGRP no roteador spoke

Crie um sistema autônomo EIGRP e aplique as redes desejadas a serem anunciadas.

router eigrp 100
network 172.16.50.2 0.0.0.0     (Routers advertise EIGRP networks with the wildcard mask. 
                                 This advertises the tunnel IP address to allow the device to form an EIGRP neighborship via the tunnel.)
network 10.12.0.0 0.0.0.255      (Advertises the Host-B network to the hub. This allows the hub to notify connecting spokes how to reach this network.

Verificar

Use esta seção para confirmar se a sua configuração funciona corretamente.

Roteamento ASA:

show run router

show eigrp topology

show eigrp neighbors

show route [eigrp]

Criptografia ASA:

show run crypto ikev2

show run crypto ipsec

show run tunnel-group [NAME]

show crypto ikev2 sa

show crypto ipsec sa peer X.X.X.X

Modelo virtual ASA e acessos virtuais:

show run interface virtual-template # type tunnel

show interface virtual-access #

Roteamento do Cisco IOS:

show run | sec eigrp

show ip eigrp topology

show ip eigrp neighbors

show ip route

show ip route eigrp

Criptografia do Cisco IOS:

show run | sec cry

show crypto ikev2 sa

show crypto ipsec sa peer X.X.X.X

Interface de túnel do Cisco IOS:

show run interface tunnel#

Troubleshooting

Esta seção disponibiliza informações para a solução de problemas de configuração.

Depurações do ASA:

debug crypto ikev2 platform 255

debug crypto ikev2 protocol 255

debug crypto ipsec 255

debug ip eigrp #

debug ip eigrp neighbor X.X.X.X

Depurações do Cisco IOS:

debug crypto ikev2 

debug crypto ikev2 error

debug crypto ikev2 packet

debug crypto ikev2 internal 

debug crypto ipsec 

debug crypto ipsec error

debug ip eigrp # 

debug ip eigrp neighbor X.X.X.X

Informações Relacionadas

• Suporte técnico e downloads da Cisco