정적으로 주소가 지정된 ASA와 CCP 컨피그레이션을 사용하는 동적으로 주소가 지정된 Cisco IOS 라우터 간의 동적 IPsec 터널 예

Introduction

This document provides a sample configuration for how to enable the PIX/ASA Security Appliance to accept dynamic IPsec connections from the Cisco IOS^® router. In this scenario, the IPsec tunnel establishes when the tunnel is initiated from the Router end only. ASA could not initiate a VPN tunnel because of the dynamic IPsec configuration.

This configuration enables the PIX Security Appliance to create a dynamic IPsec LAN-to-LAN (L2L) tunnel with a remote VPN router. This router dynamically receive its outside public IP address from its Internet service provider. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides this mechanism in order to allocate IP addresses dynamically from the provider. This allows IP addresses to be reused when hosts no longer need them.

The configuration on the Router is done with the use of the Cisco Configuration Professional (CCP). CCP is a GUI-based device management tool that allows you to configure Cisco IOS-based routers. Refer to Basic Router Configuration Using Cisco Configuration Professional for more information on how to configure a router with CCP.

Refer to Site to Site VPN (L2L) with ASA for more inormation and configuration examples on IPsec tunnel establishment that use ASA and Cisco IOS Routers.

Refer to Site to Site VPN (L2L) with IOS for more information and a configuration example on dynamic IPSec tunnel establishment with the use of PIX and Cisco IOS Router.

Prerequisites

Requirements

Before you attempt this configuration, ensure that both the ASA and router have Internet connectivity in order to establish the IPSEC tunnel.

Components Used

The information in this document is based on these software and hardware versions:

• Cisco IOS Router1812 that runs Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4

• Cisco ASA 5510 software release 8.0.3

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.

Conventions

Refer to the Cisco Technical Tips Conventions for more information on document conventions.

Background Information

In this scenario, 192.168.100.0 network is behind the ASA and 192.168.200.0 network is behind the Cisco IOS Router. It is assumed that the Router gets its public address through DHCP from its ISP. As this poses a problem in the configuration of a static peer on the ASA end, you need to approach the way of dynamic crypto configuration to establish a site-to-site tunnel between ASA and the Cisco IOS Router.

The Internet users at the ASA end get translated to the IP address of its outside interface. It is assumed that NAT is not configured on the Cisco IOS router end.

Now these are the main steps to be configured on the ASA end in order to establish dynamic tunnel:

1. Phase 1 ISAKMP related configuration

2. Nat exemption configuration

3. Dynamic crypto map configuration

The Cisco IOS router has a static crypto map configured because the ASA is assumed to have a static public IP address. Now this is the list of main steps to be configured on the Cisco IOS Router end to establish dynamic IPSEC tunnel.

1. Phase 1 ISAKMP related configuration

2. Static crypto map related configuration

These steps are described in detail in these configurations.

Configure

In this section, you are presented with the information to configure the features described in this document.

Note: Use the Command Lookup Tool (registered customers only) to obtain more information on the commands used in this section.

Network Diagram

This document uses this network setup:

Configurations

This is the IPsec VPN configuration on the VPN-Router with CCP. Complete these steps:

1. Open the CCP application and choose Configure > Security > VPN > Site to Site VPN. Click the Launch the selected tab.

   

2. Choose Step-by-step wizard and then click Next.

   

3. Fill in the remote peer IP address along with the authentication details.

   

4. Choose the IKE proposals and click Next.

   

5. Define the transform-set details and click Next.

   

6. Define the traffic that needs to be encrypted and click Next.

   

7. Verify the summary of the crypto IPsec configuration and click Finish.

   

8. Click Deliver in order to send the configuration to the VPN-Router.

   

9. Click OK.

   

CLI Configuration

• Ciscoasa

• VPN-Router

ciscoasa(config)#show run
: Saved
:
ASA Version 8.0(3)
!
hostname ciscoasa
enable password 8Ry2YjIyt7RRXU24 encrypted
names
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 nameif outside
 security-level 0
 ip address 209.165.201.2 255.255.255.224
!
interface Ethernet0/1
 nameif inside
 security-level 100
 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/2
 shutdown
 no nameif
 no security-level
 no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/3
 shutdown
 no nameif
 no security-level
 no ip address
!
interface Management0/0
 shutdown
 no nameif
 no security-level
 no ip address
!
passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted
ftp mode passive

!--- Output suppressed

access-list nonat extended permit ip 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0

no pager
mtu outside 1500
mtu inside 1500
icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1
asdm image disk0:/asdm-613.bin
no asdm history enable
arp timeout 14400
!
!--- Define the nat-translation for Internet users

global (outside) 1 interface
nat (inside) 1 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
!
!
!--- Define the nat-exemption policy for VPN traffic

nat (inside) 0 access-list nonat
!
route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.201.1 1
!
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02
timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00
timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00
timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute
dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart
!
!--- Configure the IPsec transform-set

crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac
!
!
!--- Configure the dynamic crypto map

crypto dynamic-map mymap 1 set transform-set myset
crypto dynamic-map mymap 1 set reverse-route
crypto map dyn-map 10 IPSec-isakmp dynamic mymap
crypto map dyn-map interface outside
!
!--- Configure the phase I ISAKMP policy

crypto isakmp policy 10
 authentication pre-share
 encryption des
 hash md5
 group 2
 lifetime 86400
!
!
!--- Configure the default L2L tunnel group parameters

tunnel-group DefaultL2LGroup IPSec-attributes
 pre-shared-key *
!
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map
 parameters
  message-length maximum 512
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect dns preset_dns_map
  inspect ftp
  inspect h323 h225
  inspect h323 ras
  inspect netbios
  inspect rsh
  inspect rtsp
  inspect skinny
  inspect esmtp
  inspect sqlnet
  inspect sunrpc
  inspect tftp
  inspect sip
  inspect xdmcp
!
service-policy global_policy global
prompt hostname context
Cryptochecksum:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
: end
ciscoasa(config)#

CCP creates this configuration on the VPN-Router.

VPN-Router#show run
Building configuration...
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname VPN-Router
!
!
username cisco privilege 15 secret 5 $1$UQxM$WvwDZbfDhK3wS26C9xYns/
username test12 privilege 15 secret 5 $1$LC0U$ex3tp4hM8CYD.HJSRDfQO1
!
!
!--- Output suppressed

no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
!
ip cef
!
crypto isakmp enable outside
!
crypto isakmp policy 1
 encrypt 3des
 authentication pre-share
 group 2
!
crypto isakmp policy 2
 hash md5
 authentication pre-share
 group 2
!
!
crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 209.165.201.2
!
!
crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac
!
!
crypto map SDM_CMAP_1 1 IPSec-isakmp
 description Tunnel to209.165.201.2
 set peer 209.165.201.2
 set transform-set myset
 match address 101
!
!
!
interface BRI0
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Dot11Radio0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 speed basic-1.0 basic-2.0 basic-5.5 6.0 9.0 basic-11.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 36.0 48.0 54.0
 station-role root
!
interface Dot11Radio1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 speed basic-6.0 9.0 basic-12.0 18.0 basic-24.0 36.0 48.0 54.0
 station-role root
!
interface FastEthernet0
 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1
 ip address dhcp
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 crypto map SDM_CMAP_1
!
interface FastEthernet2
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet3
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet4
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet5
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet6
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet7
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet8
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet9
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.1
!
!
!--- Output suppressed

!
ip http server
ip http authentication local
ip http secure-server
!
access-list 100 permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0
access-list 101 remark CCP_ACL Category=4
access-list 101 remark IPSEC Rule
access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 privilege level 15
 login local
 transport input telnet ssh
line vty 5 15
 privilege level 15
 login local
 transport input telnet ssh
!
no scheduler allocate
end

Verify

Use this section to confirm that your configuration works properly.

The Output Interpreter Tool (registered customers only) (OIT) supports certain show commands. Use the OIT to view an analysis of show command output.

• Verifying the tunnel parameters through CCP

• Verifying the tunnel status through ASA CLI

• Verifying the tunnel parameters through Router CLI

Verify tunnel parameters through CCP

• Monitor the traffic passes through the IPsec tunnel.

  

• Monitor the status of the phase I ISAKMP SA.

  

Verify tunnel status through ASA CLI

• Verify the status of phase I ISAKMP SA.

  ciscoasa#show crypto isakmp sa
  
     Active SA: 1
      Rekey SA: 0 (A tunnel will report 1 Active and 1 Rekey SA during rekey)
  Total IKE SA: 1
  
  1   IKE Peer: 209.165.200.12
      Type    : L2L             Role    : responder
      Rekey   : no              State   : MM_ACTIVE
  ciscoasa#

  Note: Observe the Role to be responder, which states that the initiator of this tunnel is at the other end, for example, the VPN-Router.

• Verify the parameters of phase II IPSEC SA.

  ciscoasa#show crypto ipsec sa
  interface: outside
      Crypto map tag: mymap, seq num: 1, local addr: 209.165.201.2
  
        local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.100.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
        remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.200.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
        current_peer: 209.165.200.12
  
        #pkts encaps: 29, #pkts encrypt: 29, #pkts digest: 29
        #pkts decaps: 29, #pkts decrypt: 29, #pkts verify: 29
        #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
        #pkts not compressed: 29, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
        #pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
        #PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
        #send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0
  
        local crypto endpt.: 209.165.201.2, remote crypto endpt.: 209.165.200.12
  
        path mtu 1500, IPSec overhead 58, media mtu 1500
        current outbound spi: E7B37960
  
      inbound esp sas:
        spi: 0xABB49C64 (2880740452)
           transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac none
           in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, }
           slot: 0, conn_id: 4096, crypto-map: mymap
           sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4274997/3498)
           IV size: 8 bytes
           replay detection support: Y
      outbound esp sas:
        spi: 0xE7B37960 (3887298912)
           transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac none
           in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, }
           slot: 0, conn_id: 4096, crypto-map: mymap
           sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4274997/3498)
           IV size: 8 bytes
           replay detection support: Y

Verify the tunnel parameters through Router CLI

• Verify the status of phase I ISAKMP SA.

  VPN-Router#show crypto isakmp sa
  dst             src             state          conn-id slot status
  209.165.201.2   209.165.200.12  QM_IDLE              1    0 ACTIVE
  

• Verify the parameters of phase II IPSEC SA.

  VPN-Router#show crypto ipsec sa
  
  interface: FastEthernet1
      Crypto map tag: SDM_CMAP_1, local addr 209.165.200.12
  
     protected vrf: (none)
     local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.200.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
     remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.100.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
     current_peer 209.165.201.2 port 500
       PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
      #pkts encaps: 39, #pkts encrypt: 39, #pkts digest: 39
      #pkts decaps: 39, #pkts decrypt: 39, #pkts verify: 39
      #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
      #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0
      #pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
      #send errors 6, #recv errors 0
  
       local crypto endpt.: 209.165.200.12, remote crypto endpt.: 209.165.201.2
       path mtu 1500, ip mtu 1500
       current outbound spi: 0xABB49C64(2880740452)
  
       inbound esp sas:
        spi: 0xE7B37960(3887298912)
          transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
          in use settings ={Tunnel, }
          conn id: 2001, flow_id: C18XX_MBRD:1, crypto map: SDM_CMAP_1
          sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4481818/3375)
          IV size: 8 bytes
          replay detection support: Y
          Status: ACTIVE
  
       inbound ah sas:
  
       inbound pcp sas:
  
       outbound esp sas:
        spi: 0xABB49C64(2880740452)
          transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
          in use settings ={Tunnel, }
          conn id: 2002, flow_id: C18XX_MBRD:2, crypto map: SDM_CMAP_1
          sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4481818/3371)
          IV size: 8 bytes
          replay detection support: Y
          Status: ACTIVE
  
       outbound ah sas:
  
       outbound pcp sas:

Troubleshoot

This section provides information you can use to troubleshoot your configuration.

• Tearing down the existing crypto connections.

  ciscoasa#clear crypto ipsec sa
  ciscoasa#clear crypto isakmp sa
  
  VPN-Router#clear crypto isakmp
  

• Use debug commands in order to troubleshoot the problems with VPN tunnel.

  Note: If you enable debugging, this can disrupt the operation of the router when internetworks experience high load conditions.Use debug commands with caution. In general, it is recommended that these commands only be used under the direction of your router technical support representative when troubleshooting specific problems.

  ciscoasa#debug crypto engine
  ciscoasa#debug crypto isakmp
  ciscoasa#debug crypto IPSec
  ciscoasa#
  
  VPN-Router#debug crypto engine
  Crypto Engine debugging is on
  VPN-Router#debug crypto isakmp
  Crypto ISAKMP debugging is on
  VPN-Router#debug crypto ipsec
  Crypto IPSEC debugging is on
  VPN-Router#

Refer to debug crypto isakmp in Understanding and Using debug Commands for more information on debug commangs.

Related Information

• IPSEC Negotiation/IKE Protocols Support Page
• Documentation for Cisco ASA Security Appliance OS Software
• Most Common IPSEC VPN Troubleshooting Solutions
• Requests for Comments (RFCs)