Recupero della password su XE-SDWAN
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Introduzione
Questo documento descrive la procedura per recuperare la password su XE-SDWAN.
Prerequisiti
Requisiti
Nessun requisito specifico previsto per questo documento.
Componenti usati
Le informazioni discusse in questo documento fanno riferimento a dispositivi usati in uno specifico ambiente di emulazione. Su tutti i dispositivi menzionati nel documento la configurazione è stata ripristinata ai valori predefiniti. Se la rete è operativa, valutare attentamente eventuali conseguenze derivanti dall'uso dei comandi.
Problema
In XE-SDWAN (versione 16.10.3 successiva), è disponibile una password monouso predefinita per l'amministratore per motivi di sicurezza che possono essere facilmente ignorati dall'utente e che potrebbero causare un blocco dell'utente.
Ciò è particolarmente pericoloso durante la configurazione iniziale del router se la connessione di controllo con il controller vManage non viene stabilita; non è possibile allegare semplicemente un nuovo modello con il nome utente e la password impostati.
In questo articolo viene illustrata una procedura dettagliata per il recupero.
Username: admin Password: Router#
Sep 23 20:36:03.133: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed.
Questo è il nuovo messaggio sulla console dopo l'accesso con le credenziali admin/admin predefinite.
Nota: questa procedura cancella la configurazione corrente, quindi se possibile eseguire un backup della configurazione prima di procedere.
Soluzione
Questo è un esempio di come un dispositivo viene bloccato in quanto ignora il messaggio di una sola volta con la password dai log della console.
rommon 2 > boot bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin File size is 0x2f7f66c6 Located asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin Image size 796878534 inode num 17, bks cnt 194551 blk size 8*512 ################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################ Boot image size = 796878534 (0x2f7f66c6) bytes <<<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>> Press RETURN to get started!
<<<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>>
*Sep 23 20:35:33.558: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 2218 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:35:33.635: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:35:33.725: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting *Sep 23 20:35:33.823: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:35:33.953: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms *Sep 23 20:35:34.424: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-4-WARN-1000007: R0/0: FTMD: Connection to TTM came up. p_msgq 0x7fe1b3235500 p_ftm 0x9a3020 *Sep 23 20:35:41.475: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized. *Sep 23 20:35:44.975: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up *Sep 23 20:35:44.991: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144) *Sep 23 20:35:45.025: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr *Sep 23 20:35:45.025: Console Enabled *Sep 23 20:35:45.025: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success *Sep 23 20:35:45.023: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state. *Sep 23 20:35:45.888: EXEC mode enabled on console User Access Verification Username: admin Password: Router# *Sep 23 20:36:03.133: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed. *Sep 23 20:36:03.240: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 14 Router#exit Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Username: admin Password: % Login invalid Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Username: Login incorrect Username:
Passaggio 1. Avviare il processo con questi passaggi
- Spegnere e riaccendere il router e forzarlo ad accedere alla modalità ROMmon con la sequenza di interruzione (ctrl+break, ctrl+c).
- Modificare il registro di configurazione in 0xA102 o 0x8000.
Nota: si consiglia 0xA102 perché è meno soggetto a errori dell'utente. Ad esempio, se si imposta il registro di configurazione per errore su 0x800 anziché su 0x8000 (due zeri anziché tre), la velocità in baud della console viene impostata su 4800 anziché sul bypass della configurazione. Per ulteriori informazioni sui registri di configurazione, vedere https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/routers/10000-series-routers/50421-config-register-use.html
Nota: nel software Cisco IOS® XE, non è possibile eseguire il bypass della configurazione con il registro di configurazione 0x2142 perché il software Cisco IOS® XE SD-WAN memorizza la configurazione in modo diverso nel database di configurazione (CDB) sulla memoria flash. Dal software Cisco IOS® XE SD-WAN 16.10.1 in avanti, il bit 15 può essere impostato su 1 per ignorare la configurazione, quindi il registro di configurazione è, ad esempio, 0xA102. Questo è il risultato del bit 15 a (0x8000) in combinazione con il valore esadecimale del registro predefinito 0x2102.
3. Reimpostare la casella (controllare l'output del comando).
Initializing Hardware ... System integrity status: 90170400 12030117 U System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1994-2016 by cisco Systems, Inc. Current image running: Boot ROM1 Last reset cause: PowerOn Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory rommon 1 > confreg 0x8000 You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > i Reset ....... Initializing Hardware ... System integrity status: 90170400 12030117 Trixie configured CaveCreek Link Status reg: Bus/Dev/Func: 0/28/1, offset 0x52, status = 00003011Times left ms:0000005C Initializing DS31408... Read MB FPGA Version: 0x16051716 DS31408 locked to local Oscillator Taking Yoda out of reset... Yoda VID enabled... Crypto enabled... Warning: Octeon PCIe link width not x2: sts=00001001 requesting link retrain Astro enabled... Astro PLL/bandgap init... NP5c out of reset... U System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1994-2016 by cisco Systems, Inc. CPLD Version: 16033009 ASR1001-HX Slot:0 Current image running: Boot ROM1 Last reset cause: LocalSoft Reading confreg 0x8000 Enabling interrupts Initializing SATA controller...done Checking for PCIe device presence... Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 done ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory autoboot entry: NVRAM VALUES: bootconf: 0x0, autobootstate: 0 autobootcount: 0, autobootsptr: 0x0
Passaggio 2. Avviare l'immagine .bin XE-SDWAN da rommon.
rommon 3 > boot bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin Warning: filesystem is not clean File size is 0x2f7f66c6 Located asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin Image size 796878534 inode num 17, bks cnt 194551 blk size 8*512 ####################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################### File is comprised of 200 fragments (0%) <<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>> Press RETURN to get started!
<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>> *Sep 23 20:47:34.124: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon cfgmgr @ pid 5018 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.125: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon fpmd @ pid 5019 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.125: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ftmd @ pid 5020 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.126: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ompd @ pid 5021 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.127: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ttmd @ pid 5022 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.127: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 5023 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:47:34.214: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:47:34.307: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting *Sep 23 20:47:34.382: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:47:34.525: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms *Sep 23 20:47:41.143: %ONEP_BASE-6-CONNECT: [Element]: ONEP session Application:com.cisco.syncfd Host:Router ID:726 User:a has connected. *Sep 23 20:47:41.997: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized. *Sep 23 20:47:45.480: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up *Sep 23 20:47:45.495: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144) *Sep 23 20:47:45.534: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr *Sep 23 20:47:45.534: Console Enabled *Sep 23 20:47:45.534: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success *Sep 23 20:47:45.531: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state. *Sep 23 20:47:45.945: EXEC mode enabled on console
Passaggio 3. Eseguire l'accesso con le credenziali di amministratore predefinite.
User Access Verification Username: admin Password: Router# *Sep 23 20:48:16.659: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed. *Sep 23 20:48:16.767: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 14 Router#
Router#sh ver | i Configuration register
Configuration register is 0x8000
Passaggio 4. Si tratta di un passaggio obbligatorio.
- Modificare il registro di configurazione in 0x2102 ed eseguire un reset del software sdwan. In questo modo viene eliminata tutta la configurazione esistente.
- In questo passaggio il router viene riavviato e viene avviato con il software specificato nel file di configurazione packages.conf.
Router#request platform software sdwan software reset *Sep 23 20:52:17.400: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_START_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Started install activate bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin *Sep 23 20:52:23.919: %SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram Router# *Sep 23 20:52:47.943: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_COMPLETED_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Completed install activate PACKAGESep 23 20:53:04.302: Initializing Hardware ... System integrity status: 90170400 12030117 U System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1994-2016 by cisco Systems, Inc. Current image running: Boot ROM1 Last reset cause: LocalSoft Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory File size is 0x00001a47 Located packages.conf Image size 6727 inode num 1120114, bks cnt 2 blk size 8*512 # File size is 0x01e7df8e Located asr1000-rpboot.16.10.3a.SPA.pkg Image size 31973262 inode num 1120126, bks cnt 7806 blk size 8*512 ######################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################## Boot image size = 31973262 (0x1e7df8e) bytes ROM:RSA Self Test Passed ROM:Sha512 Self Test Passed
<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>
*Sep 23 20:57:13.347: %ONEP_BASE-6-CONNECT: [Element]: ONEP session Application:com.cisco.syncfd Host:Router ID:8029 User:a has connected. *Sep 23 20:57:15.226: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon cfgmgr @ pid 4435 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.227: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon fpmd @ pid 4436 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.228: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ftmd @ pid 4437 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.229: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ompd @ pid 4438 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.229: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ttmd @ pid 4439 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.230: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 4440 in vpn 0 *Sep 23 20:57:15.308: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:57:15.391: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting *Sep 23 20:57:15.484: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting *Sep 23 20:57:15.620: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms *Sep 23 20:57:16.092: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-4-WARN-1000007: R0/0: FTMD: Connection to TTM came up. p_msgq 0x7f5815c35500 p_ftm 0x9a3020 *Sep 23 20:57:27.380: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized. *Sep 23 20:57:35.032: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up *Sep 23 20:57:35.048: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144) *Sep 23 20:57:35.081: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr *Sep 23 20:57:35.081: Console Enabled *Sep 23 20:57:35.081: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success *Sep 23 20:57:35.079: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state. *Sep 23 20:57:35.682: EXEC mode enabled on console
Passaggio 5. A questo punto, vengono nuovamente richieste le credenziali di amministratore occasionale. Dopo questo passaggio, non dimenticare di modificare la password predefinita. Si consiglia di aggiungere anche un altro utente. Se si perde questo passaggio e si rimane bloccati, è necessario ripetere di nuovo tutti i passaggi.
User Access Verification Username: admin Password: Router# *Sep 23 20:58:18.048: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed. *Sep 23 20:58:18.155: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 18 Router#confi Router#config-tr System is still initializing. Wait for PnP to be completed or terminate PnP with the command: pnpa service discovery stop Router#pnpa service discovery stop PNP-EXEC-DISCOVERY (1): Stopping PnP Discovery... Waiting for PnP discovery cleanup .. Router# *Sep 23 20:58:48.997: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_ABORT_ON_CLI: PnP Discovery abort on CLI input *Sep 23 20:58:48.999: %DMI-5-SYNC_START: R0/0: syncfd: External change to running configuration detected. The running configuration will be synchronized to the NETCONF running data store. *Sep 23 20:58:54.955: %DMI-5-SYNC_COMPLETE: R0/0: syncfd: The running configuration has been synchronized to the NETCONF running data store. *Sep 23 20:58:54.955: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: syncfd: process is in steady state. *Sep 23 20:58:55.150: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 181 *Sep 23 20:58:55.676: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-5-NTCE-200050: R0/0: SYSMGR: System status solid green (reason: All daemons up) Router# *Sep 23 20:59:00.083: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_START_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Started install commit PACKAGE *Sep 23 20:59:00.327: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_COMPLETED_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Completed install commit PACKAGE Router#sh ver | i register Configuration register is 0x2102 Router#sh sdwan ver *Sep 23 20:59:12.640: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_ABORT_ON_CLI: PnP Discovery abort on CLI input *Sep 23 20:59:12.640: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_STOPPED: PnP Discovery stopped (Discovery Aborted)16.10.3a Router# Router#sh sdwan ver 16.10.3a Router# Router#conf Router#config-tr admin connected from 127.0.0.1 with console on Router Router(config)# username admin privilege 15 secret <your password> Router(config)# username sdwan privilege 15 secret <your password> Router(config)# comm Commit complete. Router(config)# *Sep 23 21:00:59.270: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by admin, transaction-id 204 Router(config)# end
Passaggio 6. Verificare di disporre ancora dell'accesso al dispositivo con il nuovo nome utente e la nuova password.
Router#exit Router con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Username: admin Password: Router>en Router# Router#exit Router con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Username: sdwan Password: Router>en Router#
Cronologia delle revisioni
| Revisione | Data di pubblicazione | Commenti |
|---|---|---|
3.0 |
08-May-2023 |
Certificazione |
1.0 |
21-Oct-2019 |
Versione iniziale |
Contributo dei tecnici Cisco
- Chandu GuttiCisco Engineering
- Eugene KhabarovCisco TAC Engineer
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